WO2011016809A1 - Système de conditionnement d'air - Google Patents

Système de conditionnement d'air Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2011016809A1
WO2011016809A1 PCT/US2009/052998 US2009052998W WO2011016809A1 WO 2011016809 A1 WO2011016809 A1 WO 2011016809A1 US 2009052998 W US2009052998 W US 2009052998W WO 2011016809 A1 WO2011016809 A1 WO 2011016809A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
desiccant
chamber
vapor
zeolite
cooling
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2009/052998
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ravikant T. Barot
Original Assignee
Oxicool, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Oxicool, Inc. filed Critical Oxicool, Inc.
Priority to PCT/US2009/052998 priority Critical patent/WO2011016809A1/fr
Publication of WO2011016809A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011016809A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
    • F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
    • F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
    • F24F3/1411—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant
    • F24F3/1417—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification by absorbing or adsorbing water, e.g. using an hygroscopic desiccant with liquid hygroscopic desiccants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3201—Cooling devices using absorption or adsorption
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32—Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3201—Cooling devices using absorption or adsorption
    • B60H1/32014—Cooling devices using absorption or adsorption using adsorption, e.g. using Zeolite and water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B17/00—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type
    • F25B17/08—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt
    • F25B17/086—Sorption machines, plants or systems, operating intermittently, e.g. absorption or adsorption type the absorbent or adsorbent being a solid, e.g. salt with two or more boiler-sorber/evaporator units

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an air conditioning system.
  • the present invention is directed to a» continuous cooling air conditioning system.
  • the present invention provides for the continuous cooling of various fluids, such as but not limited to, air from the cabin of a vehicle.
  • a first chamber is in cooling mode to provide for cooling of a fluid whereas a second chamber is in recharging mode to prepare for operation in the cooling mode.
  • the first chamber finishes the adsorption process, thus nearing the end of its cooling capabilities, the second chamber is brought online in a cooling mode of operation to continue the cooling process.
  • a seemingly continuous cooling process is provided for by the present invention.
  • the desiccant used is zeolite and the refrigerant is water.
  • An exemplary system may include at least two chambers having a desiccant in each chamber, at least one heat exchanger, a first fluid inlet to be cooled, and a second fluid inlet used to heat the desiccant to cause the desorption of the refrigerant from the desiccant.
  • the exemplary system may also include a condenser for cooling and condensing the refrigerant after desorption from the desiccant.
  • the heat exchanger is configured to remove heat from the fluid to be cooled through the use of an expansion valve. As the refrigerant enters the heat exchanger, the expansion value provides for the vaporization of the liquid refrigerant entering the heat exchanger.
  • the heat of vaporization is supplied by the fluid to be cooled.
  • the vaporized refrigerant is adsorbed by the desiccant in the first chamber operating in the cooling mode.
  • the second fluid is used to heat the desiccant in the second chamber to cause the water vapor to be desorbed.
  • the water vapor is then cooled and condensed for use back in the heat exchanger.
  • Figure 1 is an exemplary and non- limiting side view of an embodiment of the air conditioning unit
  • Figure 2a is an exemplary and non-limiting exploded perspective view of another embodiment of the desiccant compartment
  • Figure 2b is an exemplary and non- limiting perspective view of that embodiment
  • Figure 2c is an exemplary and non-limiting perspective view showing the internal portion of that embodiment
  • Figure 3 a is an exemplary and non- limiting exploded perspective view of another embodiment of the desiccant compartment
  • Figure 3b is an exemplary and non- limiting perspective view of that embodiment.
  • Figure 3 c is an exemplary and non- limiting perspective view showing the internal portion of that embodiment.
  • a fluid cooling system that provides for essentially or apparently constant cooling of the fluid and, in some configurations, a reduction in size of certain components of the invention.
  • one desiccant chamber is in a cooling mode of operation whereas a second chamber is being prepared for the cooling mode through the application of heat to drive off the adsorbed water vapor from a prior cooling cycle, is in a recharging mode.
  • the chamber in the cooling mode is reconfigured to be in the recharging mode and the chamber in the recharging mode is configured to be in the cooling mode, which may or may not occur simultaneous or in any specific order.
  • the desiccant may be defined as, but without limitation, a drying agent.
  • desiccant examples include, without limitation, amorphous silica gel, diatomaceous earth, calcium aluminosilicate clay, molecular sieves and activated carbon.
  • zeolite as the desiccant by way of example only.
  • a zeolite may be described, but without limitation, as hydrous aluminum silicate in porous granules.
  • Possible zeolites that can be utilized are, but without limitation, analcime, chabazite, heulandite, natrolite, phillipsite, and stilbite.
  • FIG. 1 A non-limiting system of the present subject matter is shown in Figure 1.
  • the system of Figure 1 may be mounted in various places of a vehicle such as, but without limitation, the rear of a truck sleeper compartment, at or near the undercarriage of the vehicle, or any location or position practicable.
  • the desiccant used is zeolite and the refrigerant used is water, though it should be understood that the present invention is not limited solely to zeolite or water, or the combination of zeolite and water, as other appropriate desiccants and refrigerants may be used.
  • zeolite chamber IOOA in recharging mode
  • zeolite chamber IOOB is in cooling mode
  • zeolite chamber IOOC is in standby mode.
  • the present invention is not limited to two chambers and may include more than two desiccant chambers depending upon the load conditions of the system or other factors.
  • zeolite chamber IOOC may be used to augment or supplement the vapor adsorption capabilities of zeolite chamber IOOB while in cooling mode (or zeolite chamber IOOA when it is in cooling mode).
  • zeolite chamber IOOC may be used as a backup should either or both zeolite chambers IOOA and/or IOOB fail or be unusable for the particular purpose.
  • Each zeolite chamber may be, without limitation, a tank, container, receptacle or structure for holding a solid, liquid or gas.
  • the zeolite chambers may be manufactured from any material practicable.
  • Figure 1 shows three zeolite chambers, IOOA, IOOB, and IOOC; however, as discussed above, the system of Figure 1 may utilize as little as two zeolite chambers and as many as required or desired.
  • Zeolite chambers IOOA, IOOB and IOOC may be configured to provide for the transfer of water from the zeolite.
  • Zeolite chambers IOOA, IOOB and IOOC may include perforations (not shown) to facilitate the free and efficient movement of the vapor.
  • Zeolite chamber IOOB includes a compartment wall HOB and compartment tubing, snaking tube, 120B.
  • the compartment wall 110 may include an outer skin 114 and an inner skinl 12, which together create an air channel.
  • Inner skin 112 may also include perforations 1 IOOB, which may be used to keep the zeolite in zeolite chamber IOOB while providing for the transfer of water vapor.
  • Perforated tubes shown as tube 1200C of zeolite chamber IOOC, may be used to facilitate the movement of water vapor as well.
  • Snaking tube 120B may be configured to prevent the intermixing of the contents of snaking tube 120B with the vapor and/or desiccant disposed within the zeolite chamber IOOB.
  • Snaking tube 120B may include valves to control the flow of any fluids in snaking tube 120B.
  • Snaking tube 120B may be manufactured from any type of material that is practicable.
  • Snaking tube 120B may pass through zeolite chamber IOOB in a straight line or in a serpentine manner as shown in Figures 1 and 2. As shown in Figure 1, the tubing may include rings 111 disposed around the circumference of the snaking tube 120B to increase heat transfer.
  • Zeolite chamber IOOB may be comprised of replaceable desiccant cartridge 105 that can be removed or attached. Desiccant cartridge 105 is discussed in more detail with regards to Figures 2 and 3, below.
  • pump 300 pulls air, the fluid to be cooled, from the cabin of a vehicle into the system of Figure 1.
  • the air circulates around heat exchangers 200A, 200B and 200C and is cooled prior to being released back into the cabin through air outlet 250.
  • the system of Figure 1 may be configured to provide for cooling by one or more than one heat exchanger.
  • the use of the three heat exchangers, 200A, 200B and 200C, is for exemplary purposes only.
  • the exiting coolant air at 250 could be blown directly where cooling is required.
  • a cooling fluid could be used which is then circulated in an auxiliary heat exchanger and blower combination to provide cooling where required.
  • heat exchanger 200A may be optimized to dehumidify the air and then heat exchangers 200B and 200C are configured to lower the air temperature in stages.
  • Heat exchangers 200A, 200B and 200C may be manufactured from an aluminum alloy with an inner nickel coating; however, heat exchangers 200A, 200B and 200C may be manufactured from any type of material practicable.
  • Heat exchangers 200A, 200B and 200C along with any corresponding piping and valves may be calibrated such that they correspond with the number and size of zeolite chambers 10OA, IOOB and lOOC.
  • Heat exchangers 200A, 200B and 200C may be computer controlled.
  • Heat exchangers 200A, 200B and 200C may include boiling chambers 205 A, 205B and 205C and a shell 210.
  • Heat exchangers 200A, 200B and 200C may also include injectors or spray nozzles 215A, 215B, and 215C for spraying the refrigerant, water, into boiling chamber 205 A, 205B and 205C of heat exchangers 200A, 200B and 200C, respectively
  • Heat exchangers 200A, 200B and 200C cool the air through the expansion of a refrigerant, in this example water, into a larger volume, whereas the heat in the air to be cooled is transferred to the refrigerant to expand and vaporize the refrigerant.
  • the system of Figure 1 is run under a vacuum to provide for the vaporization of water at temperature ranges that may exist in the air of a cabin, i.e. room temperatures.
  • vacuum pump 800 is used to evacuate zeolite chambers 10OA, IOOB and lOOC, as well as the rest of the system, via values 909 A, 909B and 909C, respectively.
  • the refrigerant in this example, water
  • the refrigerant is pumped in liquid form from reservoir 400 into heat exchangers 200A, 200B and 200C by pump 700.
  • Cooling inlet values 903A, 903B and 903 C may be opened, either separately or in combination, and at various apertures, to introduce the refrigerant into the expansion chambers of each of heat exchangers 200A, 200B and 200C via spray nozzles 215A, 215B, and 215C.
  • Cooling inlet values 903 A, 903B, and 903 C may be opened or closed, or their apertures adjusted, to control the amount of water entering the expansion chambers to control the amount of cooling of the air.
  • heat exchangers 200A, 200B and 200C may be house in an enclosure such as enclosure 150.
  • Enclosure 150 may also have insulation to help with the efficiency of the system. In other words, the insulation may help reduce the amount of ambient heat removed, which may be the engine compartment, rather than the heat from the fluid intended to be cooled, such as the air in a cabin of a vehicle.
  • the system of Figure 1 may also be a modular system.
  • various components may be placed within an enclosure, such as enclosure 150, to allow for interchangeability of various component parts.
  • the system may be comprised of a heat exchanger module (not shown), a zeolite chamber module (not shown) and a condenser and reservoir module (not shown).
  • Each module may have contained within the module the components of Figure 1 described herein. It should be noted that the module designations and functionality is for exemplary purposes only.
  • Cooling outlet valves 904A, 904B and 904C are opened to allow the now vaporized refrigerant to travel to the particular zeolite chambers operating in the cooling, or adsorption, mode.
  • zeolite chamber IOOB is in cooling mode, thus valve 905B is open to allow the water vapor to enter zeolite chamber IOOB while values 905A and 905C are closed to prevent water vapor from entering zeolite chambers IOOA and lOOC, respectively. If zeolite chamber IOOB is switched from cooling to recharging mode, 905B is closed.
  • 905 A or 905C may be opened to switch zeolite chamber IOOA or lOOC, respectively, to cooling mode
  • the present invention is not limited to continuous cooling. In other words, there may be delay in switching a zeolite chamber from recharging to cooling mode.
  • heat is energy source. If heat is used, it can be, but without limitation, external heat, solar heat, waste engine heat or heat from an auxiliary heating unit such as a diesel heater. In the present example, engine exhaust heat is used.
  • valve 90 IA and value 906A are opened.
  • Valve 901B/906B and 901C/906C control entry of the heat into zeolite chambers IOOB and lOOC, respectively.
  • Other heat sources may be used.
  • valve 705 A is used to control the entry of diesel heater heat to the chambers.
  • the heat is circulated through the zeolite via snaking tubes 120A, 120B and 120C for zeolite chambers IOOA, IOOB and lOOC, respectively.
  • the zeolite is cooled in preparation for the next time the zeolite chamber is in cooling mode.
  • the zeolite can be cooled using various means, including ambient cooling, to increase the rate of cooling, a coolant may be used.
  • valves 90 IA, 902 A and 906A are closed and valves 907A and 908 A are opened.
  • Cooling for zeolite chambers IOOB and IOOC may be provided by manipulation of valves 901B/902B/906B/907B/908B and 901C/902C/906C/907C/908C, respectively.
  • Coolant 80 examples of which may be, without limitation, water, air, glycol, is pumped through snaking tube 120A of zeolite chamber IOOA. Coolant 80 is cooled by cooler 1000, which in some configurations may transfer the heat from coolant 80 to ambient air.
  • condenser 1000 may be one or more condenser units. Further, the position of condenser 1000 is merely exemplary, as one or more cooling units may be placed either before or after, or both, coolant resevior 500.
  • Coolant reservoir 500 is configured to both act as a reservoir tank for coolant 80 and to provide contact between coolant 80 and the desorbed water vapor via tubing 615, thus cooling and condensing the water vapor, which is then stored in reservoir 400.
  • the zeolite chambers IOOA, IOOB and IOOC can be sized such that each can provide cooling for a time period allowing the previously used desiccant compartment to recharge. In times of heavy load, the zeolite chambers may be unable to dissipate heat effectively. In that case, some of the coolant 80 will be channeled to the chamber in cooling mode. In this case, when IOOC is in cooling mode, valves 907C and 908C will be partially open to transfer heat from zeolite to the coolant 80.
  • one or more components of the system of Figure 1 may be disposed within an enclosure.
  • the system of Figure 1 may be within a combination of two or more enclosures.
  • FIG 2 is an illustration of an exemplary desiccant cartridge that may be used in zeolite chambers IOOA, IOOB and IOOC.
  • a replaceable desiccant cartridge 105 is shown.
  • Desiccant cartridge 105 houses the desiccant and may be configured to be removable or detachable.
  • Desiccant cartridge 105 may have a circular cross section, as shown in Figure 2 or a rectangular or square cross section as shown in Figure 3.
  • snaking tube 120B within the desiccant cartridge 105 may be straight ( Figures 2 and 3) or serpentine ( Figure 1).
  • the desiccant cartridge 105 may include a compartment wall 110 or shell as previously described, a desiccant case 106 (containing the desiccant 50) disposed within the compartment wall 110, rings 111, a cap 108, and a compartment tubing aperture 109. Rings 111 may be used to increase the heat transfer to and from desiccant cartridge 105.

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un système de conditionnement d'air qui comprend des compartiments de déshydratant utilisés pour contenir un déshydratant ; un échangeur de chaleur, une soufflerie et un récipient. L'échangeur de chaleur peut être rempli d'un milieu de transmission de la chaleur, la soufflerie soufflant de l'air ambiant sur l'échangeur de chaleur, de telle sorte que l'air soufflé est refroidi et que l'échangeur de chaleur est chauffé, de sorte que l'énergie thermique croît et que soit transférée de l'air au milieu de transmission de chaleur, le résultat étant que le milieu de transmission de chaleur se transforme en vapeur. La vapeur est ensuite diffusée vers l'un des compartiments de déshydratant de sorte que la vapeur est adsorbée sur le déshydratant, en créant un mélange. Ensuite, une source d'énergie est appliquée au mélange de telle sorte que la vapeur et le déshydratant sont séparés. La vapeur séparée est transportée jusqu'au récipient, où elle est condensée et elle est ensuite renvoyée à l'échangeur de chaleur, de sorte que le système peut fonctionner en continu.
PCT/US2009/052998 2009-08-06 2009-08-06 Système de conditionnement d'air WO2011016809A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2009/052998 WO2011016809A1 (fr) 2009-08-06 2009-08-06 Système de conditionnement d'air

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/US2009/052998 WO2011016809A1 (fr) 2009-08-06 2009-08-06 Système de conditionnement d'air

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011016809A1 true WO2011016809A1 (fr) 2011-02-10

Family

ID=43544558

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2009/052998 WO2011016809A1 (fr) 2009-08-06 2009-08-06 Système de conditionnement d'air

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2011016809A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2623346A3 (fr) * 2012-02-02 2014-05-07 HAPPICH GmbH Installation et procédé de climatisation d'un espace intérieur

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04194561A (ja) * 1990-11-27 1992-07-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 吸着式冷却装置
JPH05126432A (ja) * 1991-11-06 1993-05-21 Daikin Ind Ltd 吸着式空気調和機
JP2004237816A (ja) * 2003-02-04 2004-08-26 Denso Corp 車両用吸着式空調装置
US20060254290A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2006-11-16 Gaz Tranport Et Technigaz Method for cooling a product, particularly, for liquefying a gas, and device for implementing this method

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH04194561A (ja) * 1990-11-27 1992-07-14 Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd 吸着式冷却装置
JPH05126432A (ja) * 1991-11-06 1993-05-21 Daikin Ind Ltd 吸着式空気調和機
JP2004237816A (ja) * 2003-02-04 2004-08-26 Denso Corp 車両用吸着式空調装置
US20060254290A1 (en) * 2003-06-06 2006-11-16 Gaz Tranport Et Technigaz Method for cooling a product, particularly, for liquefying a gas, and device for implementing this method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP2623346A3 (fr) * 2012-02-02 2014-05-07 HAPPICH GmbH Installation et procédé de climatisation d'un espace intérieur

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US10240823B2 (en) Air conditioning system
US7836723B2 (en) Air conditioning system
US9080796B2 (en) Motor vehicle climate control system
KR930008821B1 (ko) 흡착식 축열장치 및 이를 포함하는 시스템
US6807820B2 (en) Heat storage system for vehicle, with adsorbent
US20140047853A1 (en) Motor vehicle climate control system
US5768908A (en) Adsorption type air conditioning using adsorbent and liquid refrigerant
US9618238B2 (en) Adsorption refrigerator
US9789746B2 (en) Adsorption air-conditioning system
US20100192602A1 (en) Absorption cooling system and cooling method
EP2669603B1 (fr) Adsorbeur et pompe à chaleur du type adsorbeur
Sharafian et al. Critical analysis of thermodynamic cycle modeling of adsorption cooling systems for light-duty vehicle air conditioning applications
WO2006137930A2 (fr) Systeme de refroidissement a effets multiples utilisant de la chaleur provenant d'un moteur
US20130291574A1 (en) Cooling Systems and Related Methods
CN111149251A (zh) 用于对电池组件调温的方法和设备
WO2008114266A2 (fr) Appareil et procédé permettant un refroidissement solaire et un conditionnement d'air
WO2011016809A1 (fr) Système de conditionnement d'air
JP4265370B2 (ja) 吸着式ヒートポンプ
CN106042821B (zh) 具有真空外壳的空调系统
CN112673510A (zh) 尤其是用于对机动车的蓄电池单池单元进行调温的、包括吸附材料的调温元件
JP3774963B2 (ja) 暖房装置
RU2363523C2 (ru) Сорбирующая система, включающая теплопроводящий элемент
JP3925245B2 (ja) 車両用蓄熱システム
JPH074776A (ja) 吸着式冷蔵庫及び吸着式冷凍装置と、その霜取方法
CN114963605B (zh) 便携式冷藏箱及冷藏箱用吸附式制冷装置

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 09848128

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 546/CHENP/2012

Country of ref document: IN

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 09848128

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1