WO2011015215A1 - Collerette de cisaillement pour éolienne - Google Patents

Collerette de cisaillement pour éolienne Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011015215A1
WO2011015215A1 PCT/EP2009/005677 EP2009005677W WO2011015215A1 WO 2011015215 A1 WO2011015215 A1 WO 2011015215A1 EP 2009005677 W EP2009005677 W EP 2009005677W WO 2011015215 A1 WO2011015215 A1 WO 2011015215A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
recess
connecting element
bearing
base frame
contact surface
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/005677
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Korzeniewski
Original Assignee
Powerwind Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Powerwind Gmbh filed Critical Powerwind Gmbh
Priority to EP09777680A priority Critical patent/EP2462342A1/fr
Priority to PCT/EP2009/005677 priority patent/WO2011015215A1/fr
Publication of WO2011015215A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011015215A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D1/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2230/00—Manufacture
    • F05B2230/60—Assembly methods
    • F05B2230/604—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centering, e.g. pins
    • F05B2230/608—Assembly methods using positioning or alignment devices for aligning or centering, e.g. pins for adjusting the position or the alignment, e.g. wedges or excenters
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/10—Stators
    • F05B2240/14—Casings, housings, nacelles, gondels or the like, protecting or supporting assemblies there within
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2240/00—Components
    • F05B2240/50—Bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/30—Retaining components in desired mutual position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2260/00—Function
    • F05B2260/96—Preventing, counteracting or reducing vibration or noise
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a wind energy plant with a tower which has a tower axis (A) extending approximately in the direction of gravity and a base frame rotatably mounted at the upper end of the tower with respect to the tower axis (A).
  • the wind energy installation has a rotor which is rotatably mounted with respect to a rotor shaft (P) extending transversely to the tower axis (A), in particular approximately in the horizontal direction, a rotor shaft extending in the direction of the rotor shaft axis being surrounded by at least one bearing arrangement connected to the base frame about its own axis is rotatably mounted.
  • Bearing assembly and base frame are connected to a at least one bearing-side contact surface and at least one adjacent thereto base frame-side contact surface having connection arrangement.
  • the main forces and bending moments emanating from the rotor are transmitted via the bearing arrangement to the base frame and further introduced into the tower.
  • the base frame is usually made of a cast material, in particular of a nodular cast iron with high strength and toughness, which is particularly well suited to re-form and direct the force distribution between the rotor shaft bearing and the tower bearing.
  • the bearing arrangement represents a significant component for the removal of the rotor loads, since the majority of the transmitted from the rotor to the rotor shaft forces are absorbed by the bearing assembly and further transmitted to the base frame. At the interface between the bearing assembly and the base frame, both compressive and tensile forces act as well as shear forces and shear forces.
  • attack shear forces are due both to lateral acceleration by asymmetrical wind distributions and imbalances on the rotor and by longitudinal accelerations of the rotor shaft (tower head accelerations) of the wind turbine by the gustiness of the wind and the responsive control of the position of the rotor blades (pitch adjustment) ,
  • imbalances on the rotor is between aerodynamic imbalances that can be caused by different rotor blade angle of the individual sheets (pitch) or by unequal rotor blade profile shapes, and mass imbalances that are caused by insufficient pre-balancing and / or water absorption of the rotor blades to distinguish.
  • Active pitch adjustment produces shear variations on the rotor that cause axial accelerations acting axially in the direction of the rotor shaft and torque changes that cause lateral accelerations.
  • forces acting laterally on the bearing assembly occur due to the inertia of the rotor.
  • the imbalances and torque changes described also act as vertical, in the direction of the tower axis (A) attacking compressive or tensile forces at the connecting portions of bearing assembly and base frame.
  • both axially and radially very strong resilient bearings such as spherical roller bearings or tapered roller bearings are used, wherein the rotor shaft Usually via two spaced apart in the axial direction of bearing assemblies, which are bolted to the base frame in each case in two horizontally perpendicular to the rotor shaft spaced connection areas with a plurality of screws is supported.
  • a bearing-side contact surface bears against a base-frame-side contact surface, the contact surfaces each lying in a plane approximately normal to the tower axis (A).
  • a bearing of the rotor shaft is provided via only one bearing arrangement, wherein then an additional support of the rotor shaft can be effected by a first gear stage.
  • the bearing assemblies can therefore form essential stiffening elements of the base frame, since they counteract its operational deformation, provided that the connections between the bearing assembly and the base frame have sufficient strength.
  • Shearing forces acting on the bearing arrangements are transmitted to the base frame in conventional wind energy installations by frictional engagement between the contact surfaces which bear against each other in the connection areas.
  • This frictional connection is produced by means of screw connections which can also absorb tensile forces acting along the screw axes, pressure forces built up between the contact surfaces, the frictional engagement becoming stronger the higher the pretension of these screw connections and thus the greater the normal forces between the involved contact surfaces.
  • the frictional engagement is increased in known wind turbines additionally by roughening the material surface of the contact surfaces or by applying or inserting additional layers of material with a particularly high coefficient of friction such as diamond discs between the contact surfaces.
  • each screw penetrates a continuous, unthreaded bore formed in the bearing-side contact surface and, with its threaded end facing away from the screw head, engages in an internal thread produced in the base frame.
  • the frictional engagement between the contact surfaces is then tightened by tightening -A-
  • Screw and the associated pressing of the screw head made on a support surface of the bearing assembly.
  • a threaded bolt can be used, in which case a nut is used instead of the screw head for producing the bias voltage.
  • the invention has for its object, in view of the problems described in the prior art occurring at the highly loaded connection areas of the bearing assembly and the base frame Verschl constituerschein ⁇ ngen to reduce by a more effective power transmission and thus to increase the operating time of the wind turbine.
  • this object is achieved in that at least one connection arrangement for connecting the bearing assembly to the base frame is present, the at least one positive and / or cohesive and backlash respect. At least one parallel to the contact surfaces extending direction with one of the contact surfaces and connected with a Inserting portion of which has positively received in a recess formed in the other contact surface receiving element.
  • the thread diameter of the screws is smaller in conventional wind turbines than the diameter of the formed in the bearing assembly, unthreaded holes, so that a displacement of the bearing assembly relative to the base frame in the context of this game is possible.
  • the invention is based on the idea that by a clear division of the force-transmitting units in at least one parallel to the Kunststofffiamba acting, shear forces transmitting element and acting perpendicular to the contact surfaces, tensile forces transmitting units, preferably screws and / or threaded bolts, which is necessary between the contact surfaces Preload for generating an acting between them frictional engagement can be greatly reduced or eliminated altogether. Since the bias generating screws then have to cause a significantly lower pressing action between the contact surfaces, a strong relief and wear reduction of the screws can be achieved and in addition their reduced dimensions are allowed.
  • this said division of power transmission which is a preferably thread-free connecting element for transmission the thrust forces, advantageous.
  • the play-free arrangement of the connecting element with respect to the bearing assembly and base frame ensures that shear forces are transmitted primarily via the connecting element to the base frame and the friction between the contact surfaces by bias of additional existing screws in this context is of minor importance. This leads to a relief of the screw, in particular with regard to shear stresses to their inclusion screw usually are not thought.
  • a residual pressing action caused by screws for generating a normal force between the contact surfaces is additionally provided according to the invention.
  • a roughening of the material surface of the contact surfaces or insertion and / or application of a material layer with a high coefficient of friction between the contact surfaces to increase the frictional engagement may additionally be provided.
  • the screws act primarily normal to the contact surfaces as tensile forces receiving units. The desired effective force transfer is achieved reliably in particular when the connecting element protrudes approximately perpendicularly from the contact surfaces with the insertion section and a recess formed complementary thereto is formed in the contact surface resting against this contact surface, so that after the connection has been made, the insertion section enters this recess intervenes.
  • the connecting element is formed in the form of a pin with a longitudinal axis running perpendicular to the contact surfaces and with any cross-sectional area, whereby a circular cross-sectional surface can be produced particularly easily in terms of manufacturing technology.
  • the connecting element may be formed at least partially in the form of a cylinder with perpendicular to the contact surfaces extending height axis.
  • the connecting element preferably tapers at least in sections in the direction facing the complementary recess after the connection has been made, at least in the area of the insertion section, and thus can be formed at least partially in the shape of a cone or truncated cone with a vertical axis perpendicular to the contact surfaces.
  • the tapered connecting element can then be used as a centering for the exact centering of the bearing assembly on the base frame. Since the base frame and bearing assembly represent very bulky, heavy-weight components that usually have to be mounted with the help of a crane on the tower head at a height of 50 m or more, the exact alignment of the bearing assembly on the base frame during assembly is not trivial.
  • a connecting element tapering in the direction of the complementary recess guarantees a self-centering of the components as soon as the connecting element begins to engage in the complementarily formed recess of the connection partner during assembly.
  • the base-frame-side contact surface has the connecting element and the complementary formed recess is formed in the bearing-side contact surface, it has proven to be industrially useful to manufacture the connecting element in one piece with the base frame during its production by casting, preferably of nodular cast iron.
  • the connecting element can also be welded to the main bearing side or the base frame side contact surface, wherein the complementarily manufactured recess is then formed in the contact surface of the connection partner.
  • the connecting element is manufactured in the form of an independent component which has two mutually opposite insertion portions.
  • a plug-in section of a connecting element designed in this manner can be placed in the recess formed in the base frame and the opposite plug-in section of the connecting element projecting from the base frame can subsequently be used for centering the bearing arrangement on the base frame, in particular if it is in Direction of the complementary formed recess tapers.
  • the assembly is facilitated by the plug-in portion of the connecting element received in the base frame and the recess complementarily formed in the base-frame-side contact surface being cylindrical, the plug-in portion of the connecting element received in the bearing arrangement and the recess formed complementary thereto in the bearing-side contact surface are frustoconical.
  • the opposite insertion portion of the connecting element which preferably tapers in the direction complementary to the recess facing direction and which is particularly preferably kegelstumpffömig is secured by engaging in the recess formed in the bearing-side contact surface in this recess.
  • the securing of the connecting element takes place in this recess by means of a bolt and / or a screw.
  • the taper of the connecting element facilitates, as already described, the centering during assembly the bearing assembly on the base frame and a precise fit joining the involved contact surfaces.
  • the recess formed in the bearing-side contact surface in the form of a continuous opening with starting from the side into which the connecting element is inserted, tapered cross-section.
  • the bolt and / or the screw passes through this recess, wherein he / she connected on his / her one side with the connecting element, in particular screwed, and is loaded by attacking a tensile force on his / her other side to train, wherein the connecting element in the bearing-side recess can be pulled in until, as a result of the tapering of the recess, the connecting element rests without play on the inner edge of the recess.
  • the tensile load can be produced by a nut mounted on the side of the recess opposite the bearing-side contact surface and screwed onto the bolt, which presses against a bearing surface or a bearing disk resting on a bearing surface of the bearing assembly, penetrated by the threaded bolt, and so on produces the bias of the bolt.
  • the connecting element in the form of a dowel screw having a thread-free part lying between its head and the head opposite the head, which engages in recesses of the bearing side and / or the base frame side contact surface and parallel in each to the contact surfaces extending direction is free of play, and further comprises a threaded part at the opposite end of the head, which engages in a complementary internal thread in the lower part of the recess formed in the base frame side or bearing side contact surface.
  • a bearing assembly is connected to at least two in a transversely to the rotor shaft and preferably approximately horizontally extending direction spaced connection regions with the base frame, wherein in each connection region a bearing-side contact surface bears against a base frame-side contact surface.
  • connection arrangements present in a wind energy installation according to the invention.
  • a wind turbine can have one or more bearing arrangements, which are connected to the base frame at a plurality of connecting areas.
  • connecting elements present per connection arrangement and recesses formed complementary thereto should not be understood as being limited by the embodiment described.
  • FIG. 2 is a front view of the base frame of a wind turbine with an associated bearing assembly
  • FIG. 3 shows a perspective sectional view through a connection arrangement according to the invention in a more detailed view, wherein the sectional plane is perpendicular to the direction indicated by P in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a perspective illustration of the base frame (10) of a wind energy plant according to the invention with the indication of a tower (5) having a tower axis (A) extending approximately in the direction of gravity.
  • the rotor shaft (15) carrying the rotor at its front end is connected to the base frame (10) rotatably about its own axis (P) via a bearing arrangement (20), the rotor shaft axis (P) being approximately transverse to the tower axis (A), in particular approximately in horizontal Direction runs.
  • connection of the bearing arrangement (20) to the base frame takes place at two connecting regions (30), wherein in each connection region a base frame-side contact surface (35) lying in a plane extending approximately normal to the turret axis on a bearing-side contact surface ( 37) is applied and the rotor shaft in a direction perpendicular to the rotor shaft axis (P) extending direction between the connecting portions (30) is arranged.
  • connection in each connection region (30) is produced on the one hand by screws (50) and on the other hand by a connection arrangement (40).
  • the connection arrangement (40) comprises the form-fitting engagement of a form-fitting and / or materially connected with one of the contact surfaces connecting element (32) in at least one complementary thereto formed recess.
  • the connecting element (32) is made in the form of a separate component, which has a plug-in area in a recess (34) formed in the base-frame-side contact surface (35) and with the opposite plug-in area in the bearing-side contact surface (37) formed recess (36) engages.
  • the engaging in the recess (34) of the base frame insertion region of the connecting element (32) has the shape of a cylinder with perpendicular to the contact surfaces (35, 37) extending height axis (B), in the recess (36) of the bearing assembly engaging insertion region of the connecting element (32) tapers frustoconically so that it is free of play in each direction parallel to the contact surfaces (35, 37) extending direction with respect to the equally tapered, formed in the bearing-side contact surface recess is arranged.
  • the main bearing side recess (36) is formed in the form of a continuous opening, wherein the connecting element (32) by means of a recess (36) passing through, connected on one side with the connecting element (32), in particular in a the internal thread (48) screwed to the connecting element, is pulled into the recess (36) loaded with tension on the threaded bolt (42) until it bears against the inner boundary surface of the recess (36) without play.
  • connection arrangement is not limited to the described embodiment. Rather, it is obvious to those skilled in the art that differently shaped and / or positively connected with the corresponding contact surfaces connecting elements achieve the appropriate effect and bring the aforementioned advantages in the transmission of shear forces with it.

Abstract

L'invention concerne une éolienne constituée d'un mât présentant un axe (A) s'étendant approximativement dans le sens de la gravité, d'un châssis de base (10) monté rotatif par rapport à l'axe (A) du mât à l'extrémité supérieure du mât, d'un rotor monté sur le châssis de base de manière rotative par rapport à un axe d'arbre de rotor (P) qui s'étend perpendiculairement à l'axe du mât, et d'un ensemble palier (20) relié au châssis de base au moyen d'un ensemble d'assemblage (40) présentant au moins une surface de contact côté palier et au moins une surface de contact adjacente côté châssis de base, lequel ensemble palier permet le montage rotatif d'un arbre de rotor s'étendant dans le sens de l'axe d'arbre de rotor (P). Selon l'invention, l'ensemble d'assemblage comprend au moins un élément d'assemblage (32) qui est relié à l'une des surfaces de contact par complémentarité de forme et/ou par liaison de matière et sans jeu par rapport à au moins une direction s'étendant parallèlement aux surfaces de contact et qui est logé, par complémentarité de forme et par l'une de ses parties emboîtables, dans un évidement formé dans l'autre surface de contact.
PCT/EP2009/005677 2009-08-05 2009-08-05 Collerette de cisaillement pour éolienne WO2011015215A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP09777680A EP2462342A1 (fr) 2009-08-05 2009-08-05 Collerette de cisaillement pour éolienne
PCT/EP2009/005677 WO2011015215A1 (fr) 2009-08-05 2009-08-05 Collerette de cisaillement pour éolienne

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2009/005677 WO2011015215A1 (fr) 2009-08-05 2009-08-05 Collerette de cisaillement pour éolienne

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011015215A1 true WO2011015215A1 (fr) 2011-02-10

Family

ID=42289785

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2009/005677 WO2011015215A1 (fr) 2009-08-05 2009-08-05 Collerette de cisaillement pour éolienne

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2462342A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011015215A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011007836B3 (de) * 2011-04-21 2012-10-04 Repower Systems Se Maschinenträger einer Windenergieanlage mit Verkabelung und Verfahren zum Verlegen eines Kabelstrangs an einem Maschinenträger einer Windenergieanlage

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997003288A1 (fr) * 1995-07-07 1997-01-30 Bonus Energy A/S Cadre de base pour bati de moulin a vent et moulin a vent pourvu de ce cadre de base
EP1251268A2 (fr) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-23 Enron Wind GmbH Dispositif de connexion des arbres d'une éolienne
EP1251306A2 (fr) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-23 Enron Wind GmbH Support divisé pour monter le rotor d'une éolienne sur une tour
DE102007053586A1 (de) * 2007-11-08 2009-05-20 Suzlon Windkraft Gmbh Lageranordnung für ein Getriebe einer Windturbine
DE102007054379A1 (de) * 2007-11-14 2009-05-20 Schaeffler Kg Lageranordnung einer Rotorwelle einer Windenergieanlage

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1997003288A1 (fr) * 1995-07-07 1997-01-30 Bonus Energy A/S Cadre de base pour bati de moulin a vent et moulin a vent pourvu de ce cadre de base
EP1251268A2 (fr) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-23 Enron Wind GmbH Dispositif de connexion des arbres d'une éolienne
EP1251306A2 (fr) * 2001-04-20 2002-10-23 Enron Wind GmbH Support divisé pour monter le rotor d'une éolienne sur une tour
DE102007053586A1 (de) * 2007-11-08 2009-05-20 Suzlon Windkraft Gmbh Lageranordnung für ein Getriebe einer Windturbine
DE102007054379A1 (de) * 2007-11-14 2009-05-20 Schaeffler Kg Lageranordnung einer Rotorwelle einer Windenergieanlage

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102011007836B3 (de) * 2011-04-21 2012-10-04 Repower Systems Se Maschinenträger einer Windenergieanlage mit Verkabelung und Verfahren zum Verlegen eines Kabelstrangs an einem Maschinenträger einer Windenergieanlage

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
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