WO2011012808A1

WO2011012808A1 - Ratchet tool having improved inversion

Info

Publication number: WO2011012808A1
Application number: PCT/FR2010/051592
Authority: WO
Inventors: Jean-Christophe Herisse
Original assignee: Stanley Works (Europe) Ag
Priority date: 2009-07-30
Filing date: 2010-07-28
Publication date: 2011-02-03
Also published as: TW201109125A; FR2948590A1; TWI491472B

Abstract

The invention relates to a tool (1), including: a head (4) comprising first and second recesses; an externally toothed drive rotor (10) arranged in the first rotatably movable recess and provided with a tip (22) for receiving a rotary member (2); a toothed ratchet finger arranged in the second recess which is movable between a first position and second position for driving the rotor in one direction or the other, respectively; a ring (70) for selecting the drive direction of the rotor; and a means connecting the selection ring (70) and the ratchet finger. The ring (70) comprises a surface for rotatably guiding relative to the internally and radially arranged head (4) and an externally and radially arranged peripheral manual gripping surface. The invention can be used for a ratchet wrench having a distal head connected to a proximal sleeve.

Description

Ratchet tool with improved inversion

The present invention relates to a ratchet tool comprising a head, in particular a ratchet comprising a distal head connected to a proximal handle, said head comprising a first housing and a second housing communicating with the first housing; a drive rotor extending along a longitudinal axis YY, the rotor being disposed in the first housing rotatable relative to the head substantially along the longitudinal axis, said drive rotor having a toothed outer peripheral portion and a coupling portion for receiving a rotatable member; at least one pawl finger disposed in the second housing, the or each finger being provided with a toothed face for engaging the toothed portion of the drive rotor, and being movable between a first position in which the drive rotor pivots; relative to the head in a first direction of rotation and in which the drive rotor is fixed relative to the head in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first, and a second position in which the drive rotor is rotated relative to at the head in the second direction of rotation and in which the drive rotor is fixed relative to the head in the first direction of rotation; a ring for selecting the driving direction of the rotor, the ring being provided with at least one manipulating lever and mobile in rotation directly with respect to the head along an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis YY, the ring being adapted to selectively define the position of the or each finger of the first position and the second position; and connecting means connecting the selection ring and the or each ratchet finger.

It is known from US-B2-7328633 to achieve a ratchet comprising a hollow head in which is disposed a gear on which is engaged a pawl. A cover covers the wheel and the pawl, and comprises a projection of revolution adapted to pivotally receive a complementary portion of a control member provided with a manipulation lever. This arrangement, although it uses simple parts, does not allow the design of an economic ratchet.

It is also known from the utility model DE-U1 -2008008006041 to make a ratchet comprising a hollow head in which is disposed a gear on which two pawls are engaged. A control member comprises a ring whose crown is entirely disposed in a housing of the head and held thereon by an elastic ring. A manipulation lever extends radially outwardly from the ring crown. However, the manipulation of the lever is not easy.

The object of the invention is to improve the design and ergonomics of reversing the driving direction of a ratchet tool. For this purpose, the invention relates to a ratchet tool whose ring comprises a ring provided with a rotating guide face relative to the head disposed radially inwardly and a peripheral manual grip face radially disposed externally.

Thus, the invention provides effective handling when reversing the driving direction of the ratchet tool.

According to other characteristics:

- The inner guide face of the ring is pivotally connected to a cylindrical body from a shoulder of the head, the body being disposed radially outwardly and coming from material with the head;

the or each manipulation lever extends radially outwardly from the outer manual grip face of the ring crown;

- The head comprises an outer groove, and the inner guide face of the ring comprises an inner groove, a resilient ring disposed in the groove of the ring being engaged in the groove of the head;

- The drive rotor comprises an outer groove, the first housing of the head comprises an inner groove, a resilient ring disposed in the groove of the drive rotor being engaged in the groove of the first housing of the head;

- The head comprises a central block disposed radially inwardly of the ring, the central block having a convex outer surface, intended to support the palm of the user's hand from outside the key;

the connecting means are such that the selection ring acts directly on the pawl;

the head comprises a cylindrical receptacle and the connecting means comprise an inversion element disposed inside the receptacle pivotally relative to the head, the inversion element being operably arranged between the selection ring and the finger ratchet;

- The coupling portion of the drive rotor comprises a male coupling end of polygonal cross section, preferably square, for receiving a clamping sleeve;

the male coupling end of the driving rotor comprises a retaining element of the clamping sleeve, and the driving rotor comprises means for reversibly activating and deactivating the retaining element for locking or selectively releasing the clamping sleeve relative to the coupling end; - The central block is provided with a passage in which is introduced a push button actuating the means for activating and deactivating the retaining element of the sleeve by sliding along the longitudinal axis YY;

- The coupling portion of the drive rotor comprises a female coupling sleeve, in particular polygonal cross-sectional profile, for receiving a fastener by mutual engagement;

- The ring comprises a radial section inscribed in the outer volume of the head;

- The radial section of the ring has a generally triangular general shape, preferably with the convex outer gripping face and provided with markings or knurling; and

the head comprises two marks arranged externally and respectively indicating a direction of clockwise rotation and a counterclockwise direction of rotation with respect to the longitudinal axis YY, and the ring comprises a single lever for manipulation and indication of direction of rotation , the lever leaving only visible the rotational direction mark corresponding to the drive direction of the rotor relative to the head.

The invention and its advantages will be better understood on reading the description which follows, given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a ratchet tool according to a first embodiment of the invention, and, alternatively, according to a second embodiment,

FIG. 2 is an exploded view of the tool of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the tool of FIG. 1 along plane III of FIG. 2,

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the tool of FIG. 3 along line IV-IV;

FIG. 5 is an exploded view of a ratchet tool according to a second embodiment of the invention,

FIG. 6 is a view from above of the tool of FIG. 5 with a partial detachment of the ring along the assumed horizontal plane V1 of FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a sectional view of the tool of FIG. 6 along line VII-VII;

FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a third embodiment of the ratchet tool according to the invention; and

FIG. 9 is a view of the ratchet tool of FIG. 8 similar to that of FIG. 4.

The terms "lower" and "higher" used in the description which follows, are understood according to the orientation of Figures 1 to 9. Figures 1 to 4 show a tool 1, such as a ratchet, for driving a clamping sleeve 2. The key comprises a distal hollow head 4 disposed at the end of a proximal handle 6 of axis XX , on which is fixed a handle 8.

A rotor 10 with a longitudinal axis YY perpendicular to the axis XX and assumed vertical is received in a first housing 12 (FIGS. 3 and 4) having a blind end of the head whose lower end has a peripheral groove 13 (FIG. receiving an elastic ring 20. The rotor 10 comprises a cylindrical body 14 whose peripheral side surface 16 is toothed. The body 14 has, at its supposed lower end, a peripheral groove 18 for receiving the elastic ring 20. The rotor 10 is provided at its supposed lower end with a polygonal coupling piece 22, preferably of square cross-section , on a side wall of which a retaining element 24 protrudes from the sleeve, in the form of a detent ball, loaded by a spring 26 (FIG. 4), and disposed in a transverse bore 28 (FIG. 4) in which the ball 24 is itself positioned and crimped.

A pawl 30 is received in a second housing 32 (Figure 3) of the head which communicates with the first housing 12. The finger 30 has a toothed front surface 34 with a rounded concave profile and forming a gripping surface adapted to cooperate with the toothed peripheral side surface 16 of the rotor 10. It further comprises two lateral bearing surfaces 36A and 36B (FIGS. 2 and 3) adapted to cooperate respectively with the side walls 38A and 38B (FIG. 3) of the second housing 32. A the opposite of the toothing 34, a central recess 40 (Figure 2) is disposed between the bearing surfaces 36A and 36B. The recess 40 is able to receive one of the ends of a spring 42 (FIGS. 3 and 4), the other end of which is received in a groove 44 (FIGS. 3 and 4) positioned in the supposed vertical center plane of the second 32. The finger 30 also has an upper face from which extends a pin 46 projecting.

The upper face of the head 4 has a circular peripheral shoulder 50 delimiting an upper central block 52 with a thick wall which is preferably substantially coaxial with the first housing 12 of the head 4. The central block 52 comprises an outer upper face 53 convex, intended to support the palm of the user's hand from outside the key 1. The cylindrical body 54 of the block 52 is disposed radially outwardly with respect to the head 4 and is integral with it. The body 54 has at its supposed lower end a peripheral groove 56 for receiving a second elastic ring 58. An oblong 60 arcuate slot is disposed between the block 52 and the handle 6 of the key in a planar extension 62 of FIG. the shoulder 50. The light opens into the second housing 32 opposite the pin 46 of the finger 30 which passes through it.

A selection ring 70 of the driving direction of the rotor 10 is rotatably disposed relative to the head 4 along an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis Y-Y and preferably substantially aligned with the Y-axis. For this, the ring 70 comprises an annular ring 72 whose radially inner face 74 (FIG. 2) is able to cooperate, with the clearance, directly with the cylindrical body 54 of the block 52 in order to pivot the ring 70 with respect to the block 52. The inner face 74 has at its lower end a peripheral groove 76 (Figure 2) for receiving the second elastic ring 58. The ring 72 of the ring 70 further comprises a radially outer face 78 (Figures 2 and 4) provided adapted means for the peripheral grip by the user.

At least one manipulating lever 80, preferably a single lever, extends radially outwardly from the outer face 78 of the ring 72 towards the handle 6. A blind hole 82, shown in broken lines in FIGS. 3, is disposed from the lower face 84 (Figure 4) of the ring 72 substantially in a vertical plane supposed vertical plane of the lever 80. The hole 82 is adapted to receive the upper portion of the pin 46 of the finger 30 which is projecting through the light 60 of the head 4. The side walls of the hole 82 engage the outer surface of the pin 46. Thus, the ring 70 directly controls the finger 30.

The mounting of the key of the embodiment of Figures 1 to 4 will now be described. The user positions the spring 42 in the bottom of the groove 44 of the second housing 32 of the head 4. It then positions the finger 30 in the second housing 32, the recess 40 of the finger 30 being opposite the spring 42, and compresses this last so as to dispose the pin 46 in the light 60. The operator equips the rotor 10 of the elastic ring 20 and has the assembly in the first housing 12 of the head 4. It ensures that the toothing 16 of the rotor is engaged correctly with the toothing 34 of the finger 30. It then pushes the rotor 10 inside the first housing 12 until the ring 20 engages the peripheral groove 13 of the first housing 12. The rotor 30, the finger 34 and the spring 42 are thus positioned relative to the head 4. The polygonal coupling end 122 is arranged projecting from the head 4 opposite the central block 52.

The operator equips the ring 70 of the elastic ring 58 and adjusts the assembly concentrically with the cylindrical body 54 of the upper central block 52 of the head 4. It then pushes the ring 70 onto the body 54 until that the blind hole 82 of the ring 70 caps the pin 46 of the finger 30 and until the ring 58 engages the throat 56 of the cylindrical body 54 of the block 52 of the head 4. The ring 70 is thus maintained in a fixed position along the longitudinal axis YY relative to the head 4.

The design of the tool is advantageous in that the arrangement does not require an attached cover to position the rotor, finger, spring and ring relative to the head. The tool is economical to manufacture.

The operation of the ratchet 1 is shown in Figure 3 in which the ring 70 appears in dashed lines for the convenience of the drawing.

In order to ensure the unidirectional drive of the rotor 10, the spring 42 holds the toothing 34 of the pawl finger 30 at least partially in engagement with the peripheral toothing 16 of the rotor 10 in a contact zone offset with respect to the axis XX and such that the bearing surface 36A of the finger 30 is in contact with the side wall 38A of the second housing 32. For this, the user selects the direction of driving the rotor 10 relative to the head 4 by acting on the selection ring 70, either by manipulation of the annular ring 72, or by manipulation of the lever 80, in order to move the ring 70 angularly, for example, in the clockwise direction indicated by the arrow F1 in FIG. rotation relative to the axis YY, the ring 70 drives the finger 30 in rotation through the hole 82 which cooperates with the pin 46. Thus, the finger 30 allows the free rotation of the rotor 10 relative to the head 4 in a first sense of r anti-clockwise indicated by the arrow F2 in Figure 3. It also ensures the securing of them by corner effect in the other direction. The position of the finger shown in Figure 3 corresponds to the driving direction of the tool (action on the handle 6) indicated by the same arrow F2.

The extension 62 of the shoulder 50 of the head 4 carries, externally, two triangular markers 86A and 86B (FIGS. 1 to 3) arranged on either side of the axis XX (FIG. 3) and whose bases are substantially parallel to the axis XX and whose respective vertices are arranged externally in opposition. A first mark 86A indicates the clockwise direction of rotation relative to the longitudinal axis Y-Y, the second mark 86B indicating the counter-clockwise direction. The two marks can be obtained by marking in recovery during the manufacture of the head of the tool.

As explained above, the angular displacement of the selection ring 70 with respect to the head 4 makes it possible to reverse the position of the pawl 30 in the second housing 32 and, thus, to determine the direction of driving of the rotor of the ratchet tool. When the user selects a direction of driving the rotor 10 relative to the head 4, the manipulation lever 80 is arranged in such a way that it hides the mark indicating the direction of free rotation of the rotor 10 relative to the head 4 (ratchet effect of the tool) and discovers the mark indicating the direction of driving of the rotor 10 relative to the head 4. Thus, it is easy to directly determine, by observing the uncovered mark, the drive direction of the tool.

The annular ring 72 of the ring 70 comprises a radial section inscribed in the external volume of the head 4 (FIG. 4), that is to say that the section of the ring does not exceed the volume defined by the shoulder 50. and the convex outer surface 53 of the block 52. The radial section of the ring 72 is of substantially triangular shape, preferably with the convex outer face 78. The ring 72 is thus protected in the event of a fall of the tool or of an extreme use condition, such as striking with the tool, such as a hammer.

The user is assured of optimal manual gripping of the ring 70 in two configurations. The first configuration consists of taking the crown 72 between the thumb and the index, and possibly the middle finger of the user. This is a two-handed action on the tool, one holding the key by the handle 6, the other acting on the ring 72. The ring 70 further comprises at least partially at the outer periphery a series marking alternating reliefs and recesses coming from material with the ring 72 or, alternatively, a knurling obtained in recovery. These means improve manual grip by a mechanic whose hands carry grease.

The second configuration consists of a manual grip of the manipulation lever 80 by the thumb of the user. This is a one-handed action on the tool, the thumb of the hand holding the handle 6 of the key operating the lever 80.

Thus, the ring according to the invention improves the ergonomics of inversion of the drive direction of the tool by proposing two actuation configurations.

Figures 5 to 7 show a second embodiment of a ratchet according to the invention. However, Figure 1 shows, alternatively, the second embodiment in relation to the reference numerals 191 and 197 shown there in dotted lines and which will be described later. Elements identical or similar to those of Figures 1 to 4 are designated by the same reference number plus one hundred.

The key 101 is intended to drive the clamping sleeve 2. It differs from the key 1 in that the rotor 1 10 comprises a first bore 188 extending along the axis YY from the supposed upper face of the cylindrical body 1 14 of the rotor 1 10. A second bore 189 (Figure 7) of smaller diameter than that of the first bore 188 axially extends the latter. A conduit 190 of smaller diameter than that of the second bore 189 extends axially thereof and opens into the supposedly lower face of the polygonal coupling end 122. A detent ball 124 is positioned in a transverse duct 128 and projects on a lateral face of the coupling end 122 via a reversible activation and deactivation means 191 (also shown in dashed lines). in Figure 1) movable along the longitudinal axis YY. The latter comprises a cylindrical push-button 192 secured to a cylindrical push rod 193 sliding respectively relative to the first bore 188 and to the axial duct 190. A helical spring 194 is positioned around the rod 193, and has an upper end in FIG. pushing on the push button 192 and a lower end resting on the bottom of the second bore 189. The lower end of the rod 193 comprises, in a manner known per se, successively a section provided with a flat part 195 (FIG. 5) and a ramp 196 (Figure 5) adjacent to the free end of the rod. The ramp 196 is adapted to act on the ball 124 to replace the spring 26 of the first embodiment.

The central block 152 of the key 101 differs from that of the key 1 in that it has a cylindrical passage 197 (also shown in dotted lines in FIG. 1) adapted to receive the push-button 192 whose axial sliding towards the upper side

153 (Figure 7) of the central block 152 is limited by an upper stop (not shown).

The release of the sleeve 2 of the nozzle 122 is not allowed.

In the rest position, the spring 194 solicits the reversible activation and deactivation means 191 so that the push-button 192 is flush with the upper face 153 of the central block 152 and the ramp 196 acts on the ball 124 so that it is projecting on a lateral face of a coupling end 122.

A deliberate action of the user on the push-button 192, tending to drive the latter by axial sliding along the axis YY in the passageway 197 against the spring 194, positions the flattened portion 195 opposite the ball 124. The latter is able to retract, in known manner, into the transverse duct

128. The release of the sleeve 2 of the nozzle 122 is permitted.

The key 101 also differs from the key 1 according to the first embodiment in that it has an elongate counterbore 160 (FIG. 5) formed transversely to the axis XX in the extension 162 of the flat shoulder 150 of the head 104 and in communication with a blind cylindrical receptacle 198 opening into the same plane extension 162. The receptacle 198 extends along an axis Y'-Y 'substantially parallel to the axis YY, and communicates with the second housing 132.

A reversal element 199 of cylindrical shape at least partially conjugate to that of the receptacle 198 is disposed inside the latter and cooperates with it pivotally relative to the head 104 along the axis Y'-Y ' . A pin 146 is positioned radially offset from the Y'-Y 'axis and projecting from the upper and lower faces. The lower portion of the pin 146 is received in the counterbore 160 and the upper portion of the pin 146 protrudes from the plane extension 162.

The body of the inversion element 199 further comprises a blind hole 200 (FIG. 7) transversely, substantially perpendicular to the axis Y'-Y ', and adapted to receive a helical spring 142 whose free end cooperates with the central recess 140 (Figure 5) of the ratchet finger 130.

As in the first embodiment, a ring 170 has a hole 182, shown in dotted lines in FIG. 5, adapted to receive the upper portion of the pin 146 of the finger 130 which protrudes from the plane extension 162. The inversion element 199 is operably disposed between the ring 170 and the finger 130. Thus, the ring 170 directly controls the inversion element 199 which, itself, acts on the pawl finger 130 so as to define the driving direction of the tool. This arrangement is advantageous in that it ensures optimal positioning of the spring 142 relative to the finger 130. The operation of the key 101 is similar to that of the key 1.

Figures 8 and 9 show a third embodiment of the ratchet according to the invention. Elements identical or similar to those of Figures 1 to 4 are designated by the same reference number plus two hundred.

The invention is applicable to a ratchet 201 whose rotor 210 differs from the rotor 10 in that it comprises a female drive bushing 222 with a polygonal cross-section profile, the bushing not extending beyond the head 204. Thus, , a polygonal profile fastening element 202 conjugated to that of the bushing 222, such as a bolt or a nut, can be driven directly by the key 201. However, any other drive bushing profile adapted to another element fixation can be implemented. The head 204 differs from the head 4 in that a first housing 212, in which the rotor 210 is positioned, is traversing along the longitudinal axis Y-Y. A ring 270 comprises a ring 272 provided with a guiding face 274 and a gripping face 278. The guiding face 274 cooperates with a cylindrical body 254 coming from a flat shoulder 250 of the head 204. A lever manipulation 280 allowing an ergonomic inversion of the driving direction of the key according to the two tap configurations described above, extends radially from the engaging face 278.

In a variant not shown, the elastic rings for retaining the rotor and the ring relative to the head can be replaced by circlips.

Thanks to the invention, the arrangement of the ratchet tool is simple, ergonomic and compact. In addition, the cost of manufacturing such a tool is economical.

Claims

1.- Ratchet tool (1; 101; 201), in particular a ratchet, comprising a distal head (4; 104; 204) connected to a proximal handle (6; 106; 206), said head comprising a first housing (12; 12; 212) and a second housing (32; 132) communicating with the first housing (12; 12; 212); a drive rotor (10; 1; 10; 210) extending along a longitudinal axis YY, the rotor (10; 1; 10; 210) being disposed in the first housing rotatable relative to the head substantially in accordance with the longitudinal axis, said drive rotor having an outer circumferential toothed portion (16; 116; 216) and a coupling portion (22; 122; 222) for receiving a rotatable member (2; 202); at least one ratchet finger (30; 130; 230) disposed in the second housing (32; 132), the or each finger (30; 130; 230) being provided with a toothed face (34; 134; 234) for engaging the toothed portion (16; 1; 16; 216) of the drive rotor (10; 1; 10; 210), and being movable between a first position in which the drive rotor pivots relative to the head in a first direction of rotation and in which the drive rotor is fixed relative to the head in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first, and a second position in which the drive rotor pivots with respect to the head in the second direction of rotation and in which the drive rotor is fixed relative to the head in the first direction of rotation; a selector ring (70; 170; 270) of the rotor drive direction, the ring having a ring gear (72; 172; 272), the ring being provided with at least one operating lever (80; 180; 280 ) extending towards the handle (6; 106; 206), the ring being rotatable relative to the head along an axis substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis YY, the ring being adapted to selectively define the position one or each finger (30; 130; 230) among the first position and the second position; and connecting means (46; 146, 199; 246) connecting the selector ring (70; 170; 270) and the or each pawl finger (30; 130; 230),

characterized in that the ring gear (72; 172; 272) is provided with a guide face (74; 174; 274) in rotation with respect to the radially inwardly disposed head (4; 104; 204) and a face a circumferentially disposed circumferential grip (78; 178; 278), and that the inner guide face of the collar (70; 170; 270) is directly pivotally connected to a cylindrical body (54; 154; 254); from a shoulder (50; 150) of the head (4; 104; 204), the body (54; 154; 254) integral with the head (4; 104; 204).

2. Ratchet tool (1; 101; 201) according to claim 1, characterized in that the body (54; 154; 254) is arranged radially outwardly relative to the head (4; 104; 204).

3. A ratchet tool (1; 101; 201) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the or each manipulation lever (80; 180; 280) extends radially outwardly from the engagement face ( 78; 178; 278) outer hand of the ring (72; 172; 272) of the ring (70; 170; 270).

4. Ratchet tool (1; 101; 201) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the head (4; 104; 204) comprises an outer groove (56; 156), and in that that the guide face (74; 174; 274) of the ring (70; 170; 270) comprises an inner groove (76; 176), an elastic ring (58; 158; 258) disposed in the groove (76; ) of the ring (70; 170; 270) being engaged in the groove (56; 156; 256) of the head (4; 104; 204).

Ratchet tool (1; 101; 201) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the drive rotor (10; 1; 10; 210) comprises a groove (18;

1 18), and that the first housing (12; 1 12; 212) of the head (4; 104; 204) comprises an inner groove (13; 13; 213), an elastic ring (20; 220) disposed in the groove (18; 1 18) of the drive rotor (10; 1; 10; 210) being engaged in the groove (13; 1 13; 213) of the first housing (12; 1 12; 212). of the head (4; 104; 204).

6. Ratchet tool (1; 101) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the head (4; 104) comprises a central block (52; 152) disposed radially inwardly with respect to the ring (70; 170), the central block (52; 152) having a convex outer surface (53; 153) for supporting the user's palm from the outside of the key.

7. A ratchet tool (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the connecting means (46) are such that the selection ring (70) acts directly on the ratchet (30). ).

8. A ratchet tool (101) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the head (104) further comprises a receptacle (198) cylindrical, and in that the connecting means comprise an element reversing member (199) disposed within the receptacle (198) pivotally relative to the head (4), the inverting member (199) being operably disposed between the selection ring (70) and the finger ratchet (30).

Ratchet tool (1; 101) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the coupling portion of the drive rotor (10; comprises a male coupling end (22; 122) of polygonal cross section, preferably square, for receiving a clamping sleeve (2).

10. A ratchet tool (101) according to claim 9, characterized in that the male coupling end (122) of the drive rotor (1 10) comprises a retaining element (124) of the clamping sleeve. (2), and in that the drive rotor (1 10) comprises reversible activation and deactivation means (191) for the retaining element (124) for selectively locking or releasing the clamping bush (2) with respect to the coupling end (122).

1 1.- ratchet tool (101) according to claims 6 and 10 taken together, characterized in that the central block (152) is provided with a passage (197) into which is introduced a push button (192) actuating activation and deactivation means

(191) of the retaining element (124) of the sleeve (2) by sliding along the longitudinal axis Y-Y.

12. A ratchet tool (201) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the first housing (212) is traversing along the longitudinal axis

YY, and in that the coupling portion of the drive rotor (210) comprises a female coupling sleeve (222), in particular having a polygonal cross-sectional profile, for receiving a fastening element (202) by mutual commitment.

13. A ratchet tool (1; 101; 201) according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the ring (70; 170; 270) comprises a radial section inscribed in the external volume of the head ( 4; 104; 204).

14. A ratchet tool (1; 101; 201) according to claim 13, characterized in that the radial section of the ring (70; 170; 270) has a generally triangular general shape, preferably with the face of outer convex grip (78; 178; 278) with markings or knurling.

Ratchet tool (1; 101; 201) according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the head (4; 104; 204) comprises two pins (86A, 86B; 186A; 186B; 286A; , 286B) disposed externally and respectively indicating a clockwise direction and a counterclockwise direction of rotation relative to the longitudinal axis YY, and in that the ring (70; 170; 270) comprises a lever (80; 180 280), the lever leaving only the direction of rotation mark corresponding to the direction of driving of the rotor (10; 1 10; 210) relative to the head (4; 104; 204).