WO2011011383A1 - Alliage de zinc résistant au fluage, à résistance élevée - Google Patents

Alliage de zinc résistant au fluage, à résistance élevée Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2011011383A1
WO2011011383A1 PCT/US2010/042555 US2010042555W WO2011011383A1 WO 2011011383 A1 WO2011011383 A1 WO 2011011383A1 US 2010042555 W US2010042555 W US 2010042555W WO 2011011383 A1 WO2011011383 A1 WO 2011011383A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
alloy
zinc
zinc alloy
mpa
weight
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2010/042555
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Ryan Winter
John Malmgreen
Original Assignee
Eastern Alloys, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Eastern Alloys, Inc. filed Critical Eastern Alloys, Inc.
Publication of WO2011011383A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011011383A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
    • C22C18/02—Alloys based on zinc with copper as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
    • C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
    • C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
    • C22C33/06—Making ferrous alloys by melting using master alloys

Definitions

  • Zinc alloys are used in the die casting industry for high volume, net shaped components. Many commercial zinc alloys also have a relatively low melting point, high fluidity, and low attack rate on shot end components which allows for low cost advantages over other processes and materials. There are several commercial zinc die casting alloys that are commercially available. The following table lists these alloys, with their respective compositions (based on die-casting). TaWe-I
  • ACuZinc is disclosed in U.S. Patent No. 4,990,310, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • U.S. Patent No. 4,990,310 claims a "A creep resistant zinc-base die casting consisting essentially of, by weight, between about 4 and 12 percent copper, 2 and 4 percent aluminum, up to 0 OS percent magnesium and the balance zinc and impurities, said die casting having fine epsilon and eta grains dispersed in a ternary eutectic matrix and exhibiting a creep strain at 150°C subjected to a 40 MPa load of less than 2 percent after more than 70 hours.”
  • the International Lead Zinc Research Organization developed a program called ZCA-9 to find a zinc based alloy that has improved creep resistance.
  • the creep test is performed with tensile samples at 31 MPa & 140°C
  • the result of the research shows one alloy with improved creep performance.
  • ZA-8 failed the accelerated creep test at 3-4 hours, where alloy designated # 16 failed at 160 hours.
  • alloy #16 had the best creep performance.
  • a zinc alloy In addition to creep performance, a zinc alloy needs to exhibit other desired characteristics, including high tensile strength, high yield strength, and hardness. An alloy should also be easy to cast for commercial purposes. It is preferred to cast a zinc alloy about 50°F above its liquidus temperature. Because of this 50°F preference, an alloy with a lower liquidus temperature makes casting easier by making it possible to raise the temperature 50°F above its liquidus temperature. There is a need in the art for a superior zinc alloy having suitable creep, strength and hardness characteristics, and be easy to cast.
  • the present invention provides a zinc alloy comprising about 4% to about
  • the present invention provides a zinc alloy comprising Cu relative to Al in a ratio of about 1 to about 0.74 Cu to Al or of about 1 to about 085 Cu to Al, or about I to about 090 wt/wt.
  • the ratio can also be about 0.95 to about 0.98.
  • the range is about 3.9% to about 8.3% by weight Al and about 4.1% to about 6.5% by weight Cu. In a preferred embodiment, the range is about 5.3 to about 7.3% by weight Al and about 4.2% to about 6.5% by weight Cu.
  • the present invention provides a zinc alloy consisting essentially of any of the Cu and Al percentages described above, with the rest essentially /inc.
  • the present invention provides a zinc alloy consisting of any of the Cu and Al percentages described above, with the rest essentially zinc.
  • the present invention provides a zinc alloy with any of the Cu and Al percentages described above, further comprising one or more of magnesium of about 0.025 to about 0.05 wt/wt, chromium in amounts up to 0.2% wt/wt, titanium up to about 0.3% wt/wt.
  • the present invention provides a zinc alloy with any of the Cu and AJ percentages described above, and one or more of incidental impurities, such as non-limiting examples of lead Io a maximum of about 0.005%, cadmium to a maximum of about 0.004%. tin to a maximum of about 0.003%, and iron to a maximum of about 0.1%.
  • the present invention provides a zinc alloy with any of the Cu and Al percentages described above having a creep resistance of more than about 100 hours, more preferably more than about 300 hours, about 250 to about 850, about 400 to about 850, about 500 to about 850, about 600 to about 850 hours, about 700 to 850 hours. Creep resistance is measured at 140°C, 31 MPa. and is based on a testing run to completion (final rupture) using a cylindrical die cast sample (shown in figure 3).
  • the present invention provides a zinc alloy with any of the Cu and Al percentages described above (including one or more of the above creep resistance data) having a hardness of about 63 to about 70. more preferably about 65 to about 70. when measured with a 100K load with Rockwell B.
  • the present invention provides a zinc alloy with any of the Cu and Al percentages described above (including one or more of the above creep resistance and hardness data) having a yield strength at room temperature of about 345MPa to about 414MPa.
  • the present invention provides a zinc alloy with any of the Cu and Al percentages described above (including one or more of the above creep resistance, hardness, and yield strength) having a tensile strength at room temperature of about 345MPa to about 414MPa, or about 379 to about 414 MPa.
  • the present invention provides a zinc alloy with any of the Cu and Al percentages described above (including one or more of the above creep resistance, yield strength, tensile strength, and elongation data) having a microstructure as depicted in top portion of figure 7.
  • the present invention provides an alloy (including one or more of the above mechanical properties) having ultimate tensile strength at 212°F of about 240MPa to about 280MPa, more preferably about 25OMPa to about 270MPa.
  • the present invention provides an alloy (including one or more of the above mechanical properties) having a yield strength at 212°F of about 150MPa to about 170MPa.
  • the present invention provides a zinc alloy comprising about 4% to about 1 1%. preferably about 6 18% to about 1 1%. Al and about 4.1% to about 9% Cu, magnesium of about 0 to about 0.05 wt/wt. chromium of about 0 to about 0.2% wt/wt, titanium of about 0 to about 0.3% wt/wt, lead of about 0 to about 0.005%.
  • iron of about 0 to about 0.1%, with the rest essentially Zinc, wt/wt.
  • the present invention provides a process for preparing the zinc alloy of the present invention in solid form comprising combining zinc, cupper and aluminum with any optional additives to obtain a homogeneous liquid mixture, and cooling the mixture to solidify the mixture.
  • Figure I illustrates Cylindrical Sample used during Group 3 of testing & Flat Sample used during Groups 0-2, which are die cast samples.
  • Figure 2 illustrates the ultimate tensile strength of different alloys.
  • Figure 3 illustrates the creep performance of different alloys.
  • Figure 4 illustrates the yield strength of different alloys.
  • the data used in this graph is compiled from various sources.
  • the data for Zamak 3, Zamak 5, ZA-8, ZA-12, ZA-27 are found in ASTM B86
  • Figure 5 illustrates the hardness of different alloys.
  • Figure 6 illustrates the elongation of different alloys.
  • the data used in this graph was compiled from various sources.
  • the data for Zamak 3, Zamak 5, ZA-8, ZA- 12, ZA-27 are found in ASTM B86.
  • Figure 7 shows micrographs at approximately 50-10OX of the microstructures of different alloys.
  • Figure 8 illustrates the average secondary creep performance. Testing parameters performed at 140°C and 31 MPa. These values are derived from the data that was used to plot the creep curves found in figure 3.
  • Figure 9 illustrates the result of creep performance to 1% strain. Testing parameters performed at 140°C and 31 MPa. These values are derived from the data that was used to plot the creep curves found in figure 3
  • Figure 10 illustrates the stress strain test for three different alloys at room temperature based on die casting.
  • Figure 1 1 illustrates the ultimate tensile strength of different alloys.
  • the data used in this graph is compiled from various sources.
  • ZA- 27 are found in ASTM B86
  • Figure 12 illustrates stress strain curve at 212°F . Stress strain curve at 212F. graphed to 1.5% strain. This data shows that EZAC is stronger at higher temperature
  • Figure 13 illustrates high temperature tensile strength at 212°F, resulting high temperature results comparing the UTS, yield and elongation results of various commercial alloys to EZAC.
  • the alloy of the present invention can be easily cast. It has a liquidus temperature of approximately 800°F; it can even be as low about 742°F. A wide range for the liquidus temperature can he about 711 to about 842°F, preferably about 77S to about 800 °F. This relatively low temperature allows casting this alloy without forming a solid phase.
  • the zinc alloy of the present invention can comprise about 4% to about 11% Al (or about 5% to about 8% Al), and about 3% to about 9% Cu. wt/wt. with the rest essentially Zinc, wt/wt.
  • the Al and Cu content can be about 4% Al (or about 5% Al). and about 3% to about 6% Cu. wt/wt; about 7% to about 8% Al and about 5% to 9% Cu. wt/wt; about 6% to about 7% Al. and about 5% to about 7% Cu. wt/wt. and about 6% to about 6.8% Al and about 5.5% to about 6% Cu, wt/wt.
  • the range is about 3.9% to about 8.3% by weight Al and about 4.1% to about 6.5% by weight Cu. In a preferred embodiment, the range is about 5.3 to about 7.3% by weight Al and about 4.2% to about 6.5% by weight Cu.
  • the zinc alloy comprises about 6% to about 7% Al, and about 5% to about 7% Cu, preferably about 6% to about 6.8% Al and about 5.5% to about 6% Cu. wt/wt Most preferably, the zinc alloy comprises about 6.4% to about 6.8% Al and about 5.2% to about 5.7% Cu. wt/wt.
  • the amount of aluminum is about 6.6% by weight and amount of copper is about 5.5% by weight.
  • the ratio of Cu relative to Al can be about 1 to about 0.74 Cu to Al, or about 1 to about 0.85 Cu to Al, or about I to about 0.90. The ratio can also be about 0.95 to about 0.98.
  • the zinc alloy can optionally include one or more additional elements.
  • Magnesium can be added up to about 0.025% to about 005% wt/wt for corrosion protection.
  • Chromium can be added in amounts of up to 0.2% wt/wt.
  • Titanium can be added up to about 0.3% wt/wt.
  • Incidental impurities can also exist in the alloy.
  • the impurities can be from impurities found in the starting materials or from the equipment used to make the alloy. Non-limiting examples of these impurities include lead to a maximum of 0.005%. cadmium to a maximum of 0.004%, tin to a maximum of 0.003%, iron to a maximum of 0.1%, and combinations thereof.
  • the alloy of the present invention preferably has a creep resistance of more than about 100 or more than about 200 hours, more preferably more than about 300 hours.
  • the creep resistance of the alloy can be about 200 to about 700. such as about 400 to about 700, or about 500 to about 700, or about 600 to about 700 hours. Creep resistance is measured at i40°C, 31 MPa, and is based on a testing run to completion (final rupture, based on a die cast cylindrical sample).
  • the alloy of the present invention preferably has a hardness of about 63 to about 70. More preferably aboul 65 Io about 70, when measured with a 100K load with Rockwell B
  • the alloy of the present invention preferably has a room temperature yield strength of about 345 to about 413 MPa
  • the alloy of the present invention preferably has ultimate tensile strength at room
  • the alloy of the present invention preferably has ultimate tensile strength at 2I2°F of about 240MPa to about 280MPa. More preferably about 25OMPa to about 270MPa.
  • the alloy of the present invention preferably has yield strength at 212°F of about 150MPa to about 170MPa.
  • microstnicture of the zinc alloys of the present invention is provided in Figure 7.
  • the zinc alloy of the present invention has a primary phase that is Epsilon (Cu rich), surrounded by ternary eutectic matrix (Epsilon. Eta, Alpha). There is a shape and/or size difference in Epsilon phase compared to ACuZinc probably because E7.AC is closer to the ternary eutectic region.
  • the production of the zinc alloy of the present invention can be carried out by various techniques.
  • a preliminary charge is added to the furnace that includes zinc, aluminum, copper, etc. Over time, as the charge melts, the balance of the charge is added to the furnace. It is common practice to use aluminum or zinc master alloys containing chromium and titanium to incorporate these elements into the composition. When essentially most of the components have melted and oniy a portion of aluminum or other higher melting material remains, the batch is mixed to complete the melting and dissolution and also to create a homogeneous blend. The mixing Ls preferably vigorous enough to draw the lighter components under and into the molten bath, but not so vigorous as to create excessive amounts of dross.
  • the agitator can be slowed so that there is a slow rotation of the bath. At this time insoluble dross and intermetallic contaminants will begin to float to the surface of the bath. Enough time is preferably given to allow all of these contaminants to rise to the surface The amount of time will vary with the size and shape of the furnace container. For example in a cauldron shaped pot of approximately 30,000 pound capacity, I S to 30 minutes are generally sufficient.
  • any floating dross is preferably removed using standard foundry practices. Several samples from varying depths can be taken and tested to ensure alloy composition and homogeneity. If required, additional components and/or mixing can be done until the alloy composition is in controlled limits.
  • the alloy of the present invention can be used in different casting processes, including sand casting and die casting. In addition to sand casting, other forms of gravity casting such as permanent mold casting can also be used. Spin casting (low pressure die casting) can also be used. It can also be in the form of an ingot. The creep characteristics of the alloy are provided based on a cylindrical die cast sample to be precise, but the alloy of the present invention can be in form of an ingot, die cast or sand cast.
  • the alloy of the present invention is preferably cast at a temperature about 400°C to about 460°C. Higher temperatures can be used. Ultimate Tensile Strength (UTS), Elongation, and Yield Strength can be tested with ASTM E-8. Hardness for Rockwell B can be tested with ASTM E- 18. Creep Performance can be tested with ASTM E- 139.
  • Comparative data for ⁇ cuZinc S can be found in ASTM B894.
  • the ASTM specification for AcuZinc 5 provides UTS ranges of 310 -35S MPa (5 i ksi). yield ranges of 240 - 284 MPa (41 ksi). and elongation range of 4.6 9.4%.
  • This example illustrates the composition of zinc alloys and their creep performance.
  • Creep Results - testing parameters of (40°C & 31 MPa - testing sample dimension changed The following are (he average of olher properties of the alloys described in the above Table:
  • Table-5 has the chemical composition of the alloys that were tested and are illustrated in the figures.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Extrusion Of Metal (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur des alliages de zinc résistant au fluage, à résistance élevée, avec des propriétés mécaniques supérieures et autres propriétés supérieures.
PCT/US2010/042555 2009-07-20 2010-07-20 Alliage de zinc résistant au fluage, à résistance élevée WO2011011383A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (6)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US27142109P 2009-07-20 2009-07-20
US61/271,421 2009-07-20
US56839009A 2009-09-28 2009-09-28
US12/568,390 2009-09-28
US12/619,268 2009-11-16
US12/619,268 US20110014084A1 (en) 2009-07-20 2009-11-16 High strength, creep resistant zinc alloy

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2011011383A1 true WO2011011383A1 (fr) 2011-01-27

Family

ID=43465445

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/US2010/042555 WO2011011383A1 (fr) 2009-07-20 2010-07-20 Alliage de zinc résistant au fluage, à résistance élevée

Country Status (2)

Country Link
US (1) US20110014084A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2011011383A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102277517A (zh) * 2011-05-26 2011-12-14 中南大学 一种高强可焊锌合金及其管材的连续挤压制备工艺
US9528804B2 (en) 2013-05-21 2016-12-27 Amick Family Revocable Living Trust Ballistic zinc alloys, firearm projectiles, and firearm ammunition containing the same
CN104328313B (zh) * 2014-10-29 2016-09-14 宁波博威合金材料股份有限公司 一种高强度的变形锌基合金材料
CN106521241B (zh) * 2016-10-21 2018-03-27 宁波博威合金材料股份有限公司 一种可冷镦的变形锌合金及其应用
KR101910868B1 (ko) * 2017-02-28 2018-10-23 창원대학교 산학협력단 방향성 결정립을 갖는 아연-알루미늄 합금 및 그 제조방법
CN107299251A (zh) * 2017-06-28 2017-10-27 安徽华飞机械铸锻有限公司 一种锌合金及锻造方法

Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0297906A1 (fr) * 1987-07-01 1989-01-04 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Alliage à base de zinc à haute résistance mécanique
US4990310A (en) 1989-09-11 1991-02-05 General Motors Corporation Creep-resistant die cast zinc alloys
JPH0328340A (ja) * 1989-06-23 1991-02-06 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd 鋳造してなる亜鉛基合金金型
EP0602265A1 (fr) * 1991-08-22 1994-06-22 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Procédé de revêtement d'alliage du zinc-aluminium par immersion à chaud
EP0870846A1 (fr) * 1997-04-07 1998-10-14 General Motors Corporation Alliages à base de zinc, contenant du titane
EP0902097A1 (fr) * 1997-08-25 1999-03-17 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Alliage à base de zinc pour moule, bloc d'alliage à base de zinc pour moule et leur procédé de preparation
CN1386876A (zh) * 2002-04-29 2002-12-25 戴国水 锌铝铜镁合金丝及其制备方法
EP1584698A1 (fr) * 2004-03-11 2005-10-12 Eike Schulz Alliage de coulée à base de zinc à résistance mécanique élevée et bonnes propriétés de coulage
US20070221631A1 (en) * 2006-03-22 2007-09-27 Ruokolainen Robert B Method for joining or repairing metal surface parts

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ES2259549B1 (es) * 2005-02-21 2007-12-16 Celaya Emparanza Y Galdos, S.A. (Cegasa) Una pila alcalina con zinc aleado como material activo del anodo.

Patent Citations (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0297906A1 (fr) * 1987-07-01 1989-01-04 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Alliage à base de zinc à haute résistance mécanique
JPH0328340A (ja) * 1989-06-23 1991-02-06 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co Ltd 鋳造してなる亜鉛基合金金型
US4990310A (en) 1989-09-11 1991-02-05 General Motors Corporation Creep-resistant die cast zinc alloys
EP0602265A1 (fr) * 1991-08-22 1994-06-22 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Procédé de revêtement d'alliage du zinc-aluminium par immersion à chaud
EP0870846A1 (fr) * 1997-04-07 1998-10-14 General Motors Corporation Alliages à base de zinc, contenant du titane
EP0902097A1 (fr) * 1997-08-25 1999-03-17 Mitsui Mining & Smelting Co., Ltd. Alliage à base de zinc pour moule, bloc d'alliage à base de zinc pour moule et leur procédé de preparation
CN1386876A (zh) * 2002-04-29 2002-12-25 戴国水 锌铝铜镁合金丝及其制备方法
EP1584698A1 (fr) * 2004-03-11 2005-10-12 Eike Schulz Alliage de coulée à base de zinc à résistance mécanique élevée et bonnes propriétés de coulage
US20070221631A1 (en) * 2006-03-22 2007-09-27 Ruokolainen Robert B Method for joining or repairing metal surface parts

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
DATABASE WPI Week 200331, Derwent World Patents Index; AN 2003-314454, XP002608162 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20110014084A1 (en) 2011-01-20

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN110714148A (zh) 一种高性能半固态压铸铝合金及其制备方法
US7718118B2 (en) Creep resistant magnesium alloy with improved ductility and fracture toughness for gravity casting applications
JP5879181B2 (ja) 高温特性に優れたアルミニウム合金
Yi et al. Effect of minor Zr and Sc on microstructures and mechanical properties of Al–Mg–Si–Cu–Cr–V alloys
EP2350330A1 (fr) Alliages de magnésium contenant des terres rares
WO2011011383A1 (fr) Alliage de zinc résistant au fluage, à résistance élevée
JP5703881B2 (ja) 高強度マグネシウム合金およびその製造方法
WO2007091690A1 (fr) Materiau brut a base d'alliage de cuivre et de zinc pour le moulage d'un alliage semi-fondu
CN108504900A (zh) 一种耐腐蚀环保锌合金
US11198925B2 (en) Aluminum alloys having improved tensile properties
CN108486441A (zh) 一种砂型重力铸造铝合金材料及其制备方法
Rejaeian et al. Effects of Be additions on microstructure, hardness and tensile properties of A380 aluminum alloy
CN112391562A (zh) 一种铝合金及其制备方法
Mingbo et al. Microstructure, tensile and creep properties of as-cast Mg-3.8 Zn-2.2 Ca-xCe (x= 0, 0.5, 1 and 2 wt.%) magnesium alloys
JP2010150624A (ja) 鋳造用アルファ＋ベータ型チタン合金及びこれを用いたゴルフクラブヘッド
CN110951989B (zh) 一种高强韧铜锌铝形状记忆合金及其制备方法
CN110029255B (zh) 一种高强韧高模量砂型重力铸造镁合金及其制备方法
CN109852856B (zh) 一种高强韧高模量金属型重力铸造镁合金及其制备方法
JP2021021138A (ja) ダイカスト鋳造用アルミニウム合金及びそれを用いた鋳造製品の製造方法
Mathai et al. Effect of silicon on microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Si piston alloys
CN110656270B (zh) 压铸镁合金及其制备方法与应用
KR101499096B1 (ko) 스칸듐을 첨가한 알루미늄 합금 및 그 제조방법
JP5852039B2 (ja) 耐熱マグネシウム合金
Ahmad et al. Effect of erbium addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium alloy
JP2020125527A (ja) アルミニウム合金鋳造材

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 10735157

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 10735157

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1