WO2011009304A1 - Procédé et dispositif destinés à mesurer une largeur de bande disponible à l'aide de messages mélangés - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif destinés à mesurer une largeur de bande disponible à l'aide de messages mélangés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011009304A1
WO2011009304A1 PCT/CN2010/071120 CN2010071120W WO2011009304A1 WO 2011009304 A1 WO2011009304 A1 WO 2011009304A1 CN 2010071120 W CN2010071120 W CN 2010071120W WO 2011009304 A1 WO2011009304 A1 WO 2011009304A1
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Prior art keywords
packet
icmp
mixed
measurement end
message
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PCT/CN2010/071120
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English (en)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李�瑞
李晋
谭然
乾春燕
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2011009304A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011009304A1/fr

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0876—Network utilisation, e.g. volume of load or congestion level
    • H04L43/0882—Utilisation of link capacity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L43/00—Arrangements for monitoring or testing data switching networks
    • H04L43/08—Monitoring or testing based on specific metrics, e.g. QoS, energy consumption or environmental parameters
    • H04L43/0823—Errors, e.g. transmission errors
    • H04L43/0829—Packet loss

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of computer network electronic communications, and more particularly to a method and apparatus for measuring available bandwidth using hybrid messages. Background technique
  • network bandwidth measurement can be divided into different aspects such as link bandwidth, path bandwidth and available bandwidth according to different measures. Available bandwidth is a key parameter in network routing, traffic engineering, and QoS control in engineering, and is more practical than bottleneck bandwidth.
  • the link bandwidth refers to the maximum bandwidth of a link, that is, the maximum data transmission rate of the link, which is determined by the physical properties of the link.
  • the available bandwidth of the link refers to the bandwidth that is currently unused by a link.
  • the path bandwidth is the current path.
  • the minimum bandwidth of all links on the path, the path bandwidth is also called the end-to-end path bandwidth;
  • the available bandwidth of the path is the minimum of the available bandwidth of all links on the current path, and the available bandwidth of the path is also called the end-to-end path. Available bandwidth.
  • the link with the smallest available bandwidth of the link is called the urgent link of the path, and the link with the smallest link bandwidth.
  • a bottleneck link called the path.
  • Figure 1 shows the end-to-end bandwidth diagram.
  • the path between the sender and the receiver consists of three links 2 and 3 , where c 2 and c 3 are the link bandwidths of links A, 2 , and 3 , respectively.
  • the shaded portion indicates the bandwidth that the current link has used, and then 4, 4, and 4 are the unused bandwidth of link A, 2 , and 3, that is, the available bandwidth of the link.
  • ⁇ c 2 ⁇ c 3 that is, the link bandwidth of the link i is the smallest, and the path bandwidth of the sender to the receiver is determined, and the link A is the bottleneck link between the sender and the receiver;
  • 4 ⁇ 4 ⁇ 4 that is, the link available bandwidth of link 3 is the smallest, which determines the available bandwidth of the path from the sender to the receiver, and link 3 is the urgent link of the path.
  • the existing bandwidth measurement methods are mostly time-based packet queue algorithms.
  • the main measurement models include PGM (Packet Gap Model) and Detection Rate Model (PRM, Packet Rate Model).
  • the algorithm based on the PGM model mainly analyzes the packet interval variation of the probe packet queue, and determines the bandwidth estimation value according to the change trend, which is also called a timestamp-based bandwidth measurement method; the PRM model-based algorithm is mainly at the transmitting end.
  • the probe packet queue is sent at a certain rate, and the transmission rate of the probe packet queue is dynamically adjusted according to the rate at which the receiver receives the probe packet queue, thereby determining a matching critical rate to estimate the bandwidth to be tested.
  • the above two measurement methods generally require the cooperation of the passive measurement end. That is to say, the passive measurement end needs to perform corresponding calculation according to some information of the probe packet queue, and returns the calculation information to the active measurement end. Work with the link to test the link bandwidth. In this case, the passive measuring end is required to take auxiliary measures such as installing a corresponding measuring program, which reduces the practicability and flexibility of the measuring method.
  • the present invention provides a method for measuring available bandwidth by using a hybrid packet, the method comprising: the active measurement end transmitting an Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP) message to the passive measurement end, and collecting the normal ICMP message of the network on the passive measurement end Packet loss rate;
  • ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
  • the active measurement end sends the mixed packet to the passive measurement end, and collects the average packet loss rate of the ICMP packet of the hybrid packet at the passive measurement end.
  • the hybrid packet includes the ICMP packet and the user data.
  • Packet protocol (UDP) packet when the rate difference is greater than the preset packet loss rate threshold, the average rate at which the passive measurement end receives the mixed packet is counted as the available bandwidth from the active measurement end to the passive measurement end.
  • the method further includes: the active measurement end sends the ICMP message to the passive measurement end at the preset initial transmission rate, and the passive measurement end receives the ICMP message. Returning the ICMP message to the active measurement end;
  • the normal ICMP packet loss rate of the network is counted, and the following is: the active measurement end collects the normal ICMP packet of the network according to the ICMP packet sent by the active measurement end and the ICMP packet sent by the passive measurement end. Packet loss rate.
  • the method further includes: determining, by the active measurement end, a transmission rate of the hybrid message;
  • determining a sending rate of the mixed packet is specifically:
  • the first transmission rate of the hybrid message is the preset initial transmission rate, or is the primary The link bandwidth of the bottleneck link between the measurement end and the passive measurement end.
  • the mixed message sent by the active measuring end is n sets of mixed messages, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
  • the method further includes: the active measurement end setting the destination port of the UDP packet as an incorrect destination port;
  • the method further includes: the passive measurement end discards the UDP packet according to the wrong destination port, and the hybrid message is The ICMP message in is returned to the active measurement terminal.
  • the active measurement end calculates the average packet loss rate of the ICMP ⁇ , , specifically:
  • the active measurement end collects the packet loss rate of the ICMP packet of each group of the mixed packets in the n groups according to the n sets of the mixed packets and the ICMP packets sent by the passive measurement end, and compares the packet loss rate of the ICMP packets in the n groups. The average packet loss rate of the ICMP packets is averaged, and the average packet loss rate of the ICMP packets is obtained.
  • the method further includes: the active measurement end, when the active measurement end determines that the difference between the average ICMP packet loss rate and the normal ICMP packet loss rate of the network is less than or equal to a preset packet loss rate threshold, the method further includes: And determining, according to the first sending rate of the mixed packet, the sending rate is increased by linearly increasing or exponentially increasing.
  • the active measurement end collects the average rate at which the passive measurement end receives the mixed message, and specifically: the active measurement end is based on the n sets of mixed packets sent by the active measurement end, and the ICMP message returned by the passive measurement end. And the rate at which the passive measurement end receives the mixed message of each group in the n groups, and averages the rate at which the passive measurement terminal receives the n groups of mixed packets, to obtain the passive measurement end receiving the hybrid The average rate of messages.
  • the present invention also provides an apparatus for measuring available bandwidth by using a mixed message, the apparatus comprising: an active measuring end and a passive measuring end, wherein The active measurement end is configured to send an ICMP message to the passive measurement end, and collect a packet loss rate of the normal ICMP packet on the passive measurement end; and send the mixed message to the passive measurement end. And counting, when the difference between the flat packet loss rate of the mixed packet of the passive measurement end is greater than a preset packet loss rate threshold, counting the average rate at which the passive measurement end receives the mixed packet, as The available bandwidth from the active measurement end to the passive measurement end;
  • the passive measurement end is configured to receive the ICMP packet and the hybrid packet.
  • the passive measurement end is further configured to: when receiving the ICMP message sent by the active measurement end, return the ICMP message to the active measurement end; and receive the hybrid report sent by the active measurement end The UDP packet in the mixed packet is discarded, and the ICMP packet in the mixed packet is returned to the active measurement end.
  • the active measurement terminal sends an ICMP ⁇ message to the passive measurement end, and the normal ICMP/ ⁇ packet loss rate of the network on the passive measurement end is counted; the active measurement end sends a mixed message to the passive measurement end, The average packet loss rate of the ICMP packets on the passive measurement end is counted.
  • the active measurement end determines that the difference between the average packet loss rate of the ICMP packet and the packet loss rate of the normal ICMP packet is greater than the preset packet loss rate threshold, the statistical passive measurement is performed.
  • the average rate at which the terminal receives the mixed message; the average rate is the measured path available bandwidth.
  • the destination port of the UDP packet sent by the active measurement end is set to be incorrect.
  • the passive measurement end can directly discard the UDP packet and return only the ICMP packet to the active measurement end. . It can be seen that the bandwidth measurement in the present invention does not require the cooperation of the passive measurement end, which reduces the complexity of the measurement work, and the measurement method of the present invention is also more practical and flexible.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of end-to-end bandwidth
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring available bandwidth by using a mixed packet according to the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring available bandwidth by using a mixed packet according to the present invention
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view showing the structure of the mixed type of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for measuring available bandwidth by using a mixed message according to the present invention. detailed description
  • the bandwidth measurement in the present invention is mainly for measuring the available bandwidth of the end-to-end path, where one end is the active measurement end, and the other end is the passive measurement end; the active measurement end sends the mixed message to the passive measurement end,
  • the path of the end can be measured with bandwidth.
  • the mixed message refers to the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) and the Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP).
  • UDP User Datagram Protocol
  • ICMP Internet Control Message Protocol
  • Step 201 The active measurement end sends an ICMP message to the passive measurement end, and collects the normal ICMP packet loss rate of the passive measurement end. ;
  • Step 202 The active measurement end sends the mixed packet to the passive measurement end, and collects the average packet loss rate of the ICMP packet of the mixed packet at the passive measurement end.
  • the mixed packet includes the ICMP packet and
  • the UDP packet is used.
  • the packet loss rate is greater than the preset packet loss threshold, the average rate at which the passive measurement end receives the hybrid packet is counted as the available bandwidth from the active measurement end to the passive measurement end.
  • the method for measuring bandwidth of the present invention is described below in conjunction with a specific embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the method includes:
  • Step 301 The active measurement end measures a normal ICMP ⁇ packet loss rate of the network.
  • the active measurement end sends the ICMP message to the passive measurement end at the preset initial transmission rate. After receiving the ICMP message, the passive measurement end returns the ICMP message to the active measurement end.
  • the active measurement end is based on the ICMP message sent by itself.
  • the ICMP packet returned by the passive measurement terminal is used to collect the normal ICMP packet loss rate from the active measurement end to the passive measurement end.
  • the specific measurement is as follows: The default initial send rate. Send an ICMP message to the passive measurement end, where. For a lower send rate, when. When the rate of ICMP packets is sent, you need to ensure that the network does not become congested. On this premise, the active measurement terminal can select the value according to its needs.
  • Step 302 The active measurement end determines a sending rate of the current mixed message.
  • the first transmission rate of the mixed message It can be the link bandwidth of the bottleneck link; otherwise, it can be the preset initial transmission rate.
  • the transmission rate of the mixed packet needs to be increased. Specifically, the linear improvement and the exponential multiplication can be adopted as needed.
  • the transmission rate is linearly increased, the transmission rate increases at a slower rate, resulting in a longer test time, but the test result is more accurate.
  • the index rate is increased, the transmission rate increases faster and the test converges quickly.
  • the test results are relatively linear and increase the error of the transmission rate.
  • Step 303 The active measurement end sends the mixed message to the passive measurement end at the currently determined transmission rate; the passive measurement end returns the ICMP ⁇ message to the active measurement end.
  • the number of UDP packets is large, and preferably, an ICMP packet is sent after a continuous transmission of ⁇ : (for a positive integer) UDP packets, as shown in FIG. Schematic diagram of the mixed message.
  • the active sender uses the ICMP file as the start of the mixed message of the group, and then sends an ICMP 2 message after sending UDP packets continuously; and then continuously sends ⁇ : UDP packets. Send an ICMP 3 packet, and so on.
  • +1 ICMP ⁇ ⁇ text is called a set of mixed 4 ⁇ a transmission interval. It can be seen that the interval between two consecutive ICMP messages is long, and the interval at which the passive measurement end returns ICMP packets is also long.
  • the mixed message has a total of s ( s is a positive integer) ICMP message, and the ICMP message number is continuous, where : ⁇ is the first ICMP message, and ICMP S is the last ICMP message.
  • the number of UDP packets is (s - l)x
  • the passive measurement end when the active measurement end sends a UDP packet, the destination port of the UDP packet is set to the wrong destination port number, so that the passive measurement end receives the mixed packet, because of the UDP packet.
  • the destination port number is incorrect. Therefore, the passive measurement end directly discards the UDP packet, but only receives the ICMP packet and returns the ICMP packet to the active measurement end. Since the ICMP text file has the function of measuring the end-to-end data transmission function (including bandwidth measurement), and the UDP data is actively discarded by the passive measurement terminal, the passive measurement terminal does not need to cooperate with the bandwidth measurement. This greatly reduces the complexity of bandwidth measurement.
  • the proportion of the UDP packets in the mixed packets is far greater than the proportion of the ICMP packets in the mixed packets. Therefore, during the uplink (the active measurement terminal sends the mixed packets to the passive measurement terminal), the data volume of the mixed packets is If the UDP packet has been discarded, only the ICMP packet is returned. In the process of the downlink (the passive measurement end returns the ICMP packet to the active measurement end), only the ICMP packet is returned. The amount of data is greatly reduced, and the interval between ICMP packets is large. Therefore, ICMP packets are greatly reduced by network conditions, which helps improve the accuracy of bandwidth measurement.
  • Step 304 The active measurement end calculates the average packet loss rate of the ICMP.
  • the active measurement end collects the ICMP packet loss rate of each group of mixed packets in the n groups according to the n sets of mixed packets and the ICMP packets sent by the passive measurement end, and the ICMP packets of the n sets of mixed packets.
  • the packet loss rate is averaged to obtain the average packet loss rate of ICMP packets.
  • the active measurement end needs to count the average ICMP packet loss rate at the current transmission rate. Measure the available bandwidth of the path based on the packet loss rate of ICMP packets in a single group of mixed packets.
  • Good, « can take an integer greater than 1, and calculate the packet loss rate of ICMP packets of each group of mixed packets, that is, the packet loss rate ccn of a single group of ICMP packets; then take the packet loss rate of the n groups of ICMP packets. Average, get
  • the calculation of the packet loss rate ocn of a single group of ICMP packets in the following step is described in detail.
  • the active measurement terminal receives the last ICMP packet in the mixed packet returned by the passive measurement terminal, it confirms whether the received ICMP packet is lost. If the ICMP packet is lost, the single packet in the step is The calculation of the packet loss rate of the ICMP packet can be calculated by using the packet loss rate in step 301.
  • the limit bandwidth (maximum bandwidth) S of the path can be determined.
  • the existing technology can be used here, and will not be described again.
  • the sending time of the ICMP packet the first ICMP packet and the last one can be calculated.
  • the interval for sending ICMP packets is based on the time when ICMP packets are returned to the active measurement end.
  • the first ICMP message and the last one can be calculated.
  • the length of the mixed packet in bits.
  • the ICMP packet is considered to be a lost ICMP.
  • the packet loss rate threshold can be set according to the physical characteristics of the current path.
  • the average packet loss rate of the ICMP packets is "the rate of packet loss of the normal ICMP packets.
  • the rate of sending mixed packets is higher than the rate of sending ICMP packets when the network is normal. Therefore, "is greater than,” ⁇ ⁇ - ⁇ ⁇ , it is determined that the transmission rate of the mixed message before the current transmission rate is too low, and the most accurate path available bandwidth cannot be measured based on the current transmission rate.
  • the active measurement end stops at the current
  • the sending rate of the mixed packet is sent, and the sending rate of the mixed packet needs to be increased.
  • the process returns to step 302.
  • the active measuring end re-determines the sending rate of the mixed packet, based on the first sending rate of the mixed packet, and adopts linear improvement.
  • step 303 is performed to send the hybrid message to the passive measurement end again.
  • the number of the mixed message can be increased. , such as sending more sets of mixed messages than the last time, and / or increasing UDP messages and ICM in each group of mixed messages. The number of P messages.
  • step 306 indicating that the current transmission rate of the mixed message does not need to be increased. For the measurement of the available bandwidth of the path, it is already a reasonable transmission rate, and step 306 is continued.
  • Step 306 The active measurement end counts the average rate of the mixed measurement message received by the passive measurement end according to the ICMP message returned by the passive measurement end, and serves as the available bandwidth from the active measurement end to the passive measurement end.
  • the active measurement end collects the rate of each group of mixed packets in the n groups according to the n sets of mixed packets sent by the passive measurement end and the ICMP packets returned by the passive measurement end, and receives the n sets of mixed reports from the passive measurement end.
  • the rate of the text is averaged to obtain the average rate at which the passive measurement end receives the mixed message.
  • the rate at which the passive measurement terminal receives a single group of mixed packets is based on the premise that the ICMP packets returned by the passive measurement terminal are not affected by the network environment. However, in actual applications, the passive measurement terminal returns. ICMP packets are basically affected by the network environment. Therefore, the active measurement end needs to filter the returned ICMP packets, and select the ICMP packets that are least affected by the network environment. The rate of the text.
  • the specific ICMP packet sample filtering of the present invention adopts the following method:
  • the active measurement end selects 7; (the time when the ICMP packet numbered X returns to the active measurement end) and 7; the closest ICMP message, that is, the ICMP message that returns to the active measurement end closest to the ideal time, As a basis, the rate at which the passive measurement end receives the set of mixed messages is calculated.
  • sample filtering of ICMP 4 can also use other sample filtering algorithms in the prior art.
  • the present invention further provides a measurement device, as shown in FIG. 5, including: an active measurement terminal 10 and a passive measurement terminal 20, wherein
  • the active measurement terminal 10 is configured to send an ICMP message to the passive measurement terminal 20, and collect statistics on the normal ICMP packet loss rate of the passive measurement terminal 20; and also send a mixed message to the passive measurement terminal 20, and collect statistics.
  • the passive measurement terminal 20 is configured to receive ICMP packets and mixed packets.
  • the ICMP message sent by the active measurement terminal 10 is received, the ICMP message is returned to the active measurement terminal 10; when the hybrid message sent by the active measurement terminal 10 is received, the UDP message in the mixed message is received. The packet is discarded, and the ICMP packet in the mixed packet is returned to the active measuring terminal 10.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)

Abstract

Cette invention se rapporte à un procédé et à un dispositif destinés à mesurer une largeur de bande disponible à l'aide de messages mélangés. Le procédé comprend les étapes suivantes : une extrémité de mesure initiatrice envoie des messages de protocole de message de commande Internet (ICMP) à une extrémité de mesure passive et compte un taux de perte de paquets des messages ICMP normaux de réseau vers l'extrémité de mesure passive (201) ; l'extrémité de mesure initiatrice envoie les messages mélangés à l'extrémité de mesure passive et compte un taux de perte de paquets moyen des messages ICMP dans les messages mélangés vers l'extrémité de mesure passive, dans lesquels, les messages mélangés comprennent des messages ICMP et des messages de protocole de datagramme utilisateur (202) ; lorsque l'extrémité de mesure initiatrice estime que la différence entre le taux de perte de paquets moyen des messages ICMP et le taux de perte de paquets des messages ICMP normaux de réseau est supérieure à un seuil prédéfini de taux de perte de paquets, la vitesse moyenne des messages mélangés reçus par l'extrémité de mesure passive est comptée et considérée comme étant la largeur de bande disponible entre l'extrémité de mesure initiatrice et l'extrémité de mesure passive (203). La solution permet de réduire le degré de complexité de la mesure de la largeur de bande.
PCT/CN2010/071120 2009-07-22 2010-03-18 Procédé et dispositif destinés à mesurer une largeur de bande disponible à l'aide de messages mélangés WO2011009304A1 (fr)

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