WO2011006304A1 - 恢复OTUk帧的方法、装置及传送OTUk帧的系统 - Google Patents

恢复OTUk帧的方法、装置及传送OTUk帧的系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011006304A1
WO2011006304A1 PCT/CN2009/072805 CN2009072805W WO2011006304A1 WO 2011006304 A1 WO2011006304 A1 WO 2011006304A1 CN 2009072805 W CN2009072805 W CN 2009072805W WO 2011006304 A1 WO2011006304 A1 WO 2011006304A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
channel
data
frame
signal
otuk
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PCT/CN2009/072805
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
曾理
赵婵
解长松
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华为技术有限公司
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Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP09847229.3A priority Critical patent/EP2456096B1/en
Priority to CN200980115695.5A priority patent/CN102439873B/zh
Priority to ES09847229.3T priority patent/ES2670224T3/es
Priority to PCT/CN2009/072805 priority patent/WO2011006304A1/zh
Publication of WO2011006304A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011006304A1/zh
Priority to US13/347,863 priority patent/US8848747B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02—Details
    • H04J3/14—Monitoring arrangements
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
    • H04B10/614—Coherent receivers comprising one or more polarization beam splitters, e.g. polarization multiplexed [PolMux] X-PSK coherent receivers, polarization diversity heterodyne coherent receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B10/00—Transmission systems employing electromagnetic waves other than radio-waves, e.g. infrared, visible or ultraviolet light, or employing corpuscular radiation, e.g. quantum communication
    • H04B10/60—Receivers
    • H04B10/61—Coherent receivers
    • H04B10/616—Details of the electronic signal processing in coherent optical receivers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04J—MULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00—Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/16—Time-division multiplex systems in which the time allocation to individual channels within a transmission cycle is variable, e.g. to accommodate varying complexity of signals, to vary number of channels transmitted
    • H04J3/1605—Fixed allocated frame structures
    • H04J3/1652—Optical Transport Network [OTN]

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for recovering an OTUk frame, a device for transmitting an OTUk frame, and a system for transmitting an OTUk frame.
  • 100G transmission technology is a hotspot technology in optical transmission networks.
  • the 100GE service is usually encapsulated into a 100G 0TN container (0TU4), and the 0TU4 bit stream is transmitted to the optical signal transmission through the 100G optical module.
  • high-order modulation and coherent reception are usually used.
  • the process of using high-order modulation and coherent reception is generally: the transmitted electrical signal is converted into a first emitted optical signal Xout and a second transmitted optical signal Yout by electro-optical, wherein the first transmitted optical signal is an X-polarized state, and the second transmitted optical signal is a second-transmitted optical signal.
  • the X polarization state and the Y polarization state are orthogonal, and are combined into one optical signal by the combiner and transmitted through the optical fiber.
  • the receiving end is divided by the beam splitter into a first received optical signal X,in and a second received optical signal Y'in, wherein the first received optical signal is X, the polarization state, and the second received optical signal is Y, polarization state, X, The polarization state is Y and the polarization state is orthogonal.
  • the first received optical signal and the second received optical signal are respectively converted into a first received electrical signal and a second received electrical signal by photoelectric conversion.
  • the original 0TU4 data is then recovered based on the first received electrical signal and the second received electrical signal.
  • the first received electrical signal and the second received electrical signal received by the receiving end should respectively correspond to the first transmitted optical signal and the second transmitted optical signal of the transmitting end, in order to correctly and completely recover the original 0TU4 data.
  • the commonly used equalization method is electrical equalization, and the first received electrical signal and the second received electrical signal are processed by digital filters of different coefficients (Hxx, Hxy, Hyx, Hyy) to obtain an equalized first received electrical signal and equalized.
  • the second received electrical signal separates the original first transmitted electrical signal and the second transmitted electrical signal.
  • the electrically equalized input signal contains both the original signal component of the transmitting end and the crosstalk signal component, and the two components occupy different proportions in the input signal. Electrical balance is characterized by equilibrium The output signal is a signal corresponding to the component of the main proportion.
  • the first received electrical signal includes a signal component corresponding to an X polarization state and a Y polarization state, wherein a signal component corresponding to the X polarization state occupies a main proportion, and a signal component corresponding to the Y polarization state occupies a minor ratio, and the equalized A received electrical signal is a first transmitted electrical signal corresponding to an X polarization state.
  • the proportion of the original signal component and the crosstalk signal component in the first received electrical signal and the second received electrical signal is also in the process of transmitting random optical birefringence of the light beam in the optical fiber. Randomly changed such that the proportion of the crosstalk signal component in the received signal is greater than the ratio of the original signal component, such that the first equalized received electrical signal and the equalized second received electrical signal of the electrically equalized output, and the first transmission at the transmitting end
  • the correspondence between the electrical signal and the second transmitted electrical signal is also randomly changed, thereby causing the correctness and integrity of the received signal to be destroyed.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method and apparatus for recovering an OTUk frame and a system for transmitting an OTUk frame, which can accurately recover an OTUk frame even when a correspondence relationship between a received signal after equalization and a transmitted signal of a transmitting end changes.
  • a method for recovering an OTUk frame including:
  • a device for recovering an OTUk frame comprising:
  • a receiving module configured to receive an optical signal sent according to an OTUk frame to an optical module interface multi-channel distribution method
  • An optical module configured to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, and perform electrical equalization and demodulation, and then restore the demodulated signal to multi-channel data
  • the electrical module is configured to perform aligning and rearranging data of each channel according to the channel sequence identifier included in the overhead frame header of each channel data; and recover the OTUk frame according to the aligned rearranged data.
  • a device for transmitting an OTUk frame comprising: An electrical module, configured to distribute the OTUk frame to the multi-channel according to the block mode, each channel includes frame header information, where the frame header information includes a frame header byte for identifying channel information;
  • the optical module is configured to perform bit multiplexing on the K/N channels, and the multiplexed signals are subjected to high-order modulation to form an optical signal for transmission; wherein K is the number of channels, and N is the order of the high-order modulation.
  • a system for transmitting OTUk frames including:
  • a transmitting device configured to send an optical signal according to an OTUk frame to optical module interface multi-channel distribution method
  • a receiving device configured to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, perform electrical equalization and demodulation, and restore the demodulated signal to Multi-channel data; aligning and rearranging the data of each channel; and recovering the OTUk frame according to the aligned rearranged data.
  • the embodiment of the invention has the following advantages:
  • Embodiments of the present invention receive an optical signal transmitted according to an OTUk frame to an optical module interface multi-channel distribution method; after converting the optical signal into an electrical signal, performing electrical equalization and demodulation, and recovering the demodulated signal into multiple channels Data; aligning and rearranging the data of each channel according to the channel sequence identifier included in the header of each channel data; and recovering the OTUk frame according to the aligned rearranged data.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can combine the OTN multi-channel distribution technology, when the polarization state of the transmission signal is changed, and the equalizer cannot track the polarization conversion in time, and the polarization state of the polarization signal and the original signal are inconsistent after the equalization, and the channel can pass through the channel.
  • the sequence identification detection performs channel rearrangement to complete the recovery of the OTUk frame. Therefore, there is no need to introduce additional training sequence overhead, which avoids system performance being affected.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart of processing at a transmitting end in a method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart of processing at a receiving end in a method provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart of processing of a DSP module at a receiving end in a method according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a device for restoring an OTUk frame according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of another apparatus for restoring an OTUk frame according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a device for transmitting an OTUk frame according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a system for transmitting an OTUk frame according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a device for transmitting an OTUk frame according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a system for transmitting an OTUk frame according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of another transmit OTUk frame system according to an embodiment of the present invention. detailed description
  • a method for restoring an OTUk frame includes the following steps:
  • S101 Receive an optical signal sent according to an OTUk frame to an optical module interface multi-channel distribution method.
  • the embodiment of the present invention is mainly applied to a 100G transmission technology.
  • 100GE services are usually packaged into 100G 0TN containers (0TU4), and 0TU4 bit streams are transmitted through 100G optical modules for optical signal transmission. That is, the electrical signal is encapsulated into 0TU4 frames before being converted to an optical signal transmission.
  • the 0TU4 frame structure has a total of 4 lines, 4080 bytes per line, of which 1 ⁇ 14 columns are frame overhead, and the first line 1 ⁇ 7 bytes is the frame header identifier. 15 ⁇ 3824 are listed as data payload units ( 0DU ), which carry 1QQG services. 3825 ⁇ 4080 is listed as FEC (Forward Error Correction).
  • the entire frame is 16320 bytes and is transmitted at 1.168us, thus a transfer rate of 111.78 Gbit/s.
  • the following describes the 0TU4 frame as an example.
  • the transmitting end transmits the optical signal by using the 0TU4 frame to the optical module interface multi-channel distribution method.
  • the OTUk frame may be distributed to multiple channels according to the block mode, each channel includes frame header information, and the frame header information includes a frame header byte for identifying channel information;
  • the 0TU4 frame to optical module interface multi-channel distribution can adopt the method defined by the ITU-T G.709 standard, see FIG. 2, assuming that the PDM-QPSK modulation mode is used, in this method, the electrical processing module can be used.
  • Each Lane contains a frame header information MFAS (refer to ITU-T G. 709 recommended definition of distribution method), and in MFAS, with a frame header byte A2 (6th byte) is used to identify Lane channel information. .
  • Lane bits are multiplexed into the optical processing module input signals: Xi, Xq, Y i, Yq 0 Xi and Xq are QPSK modulated by the PDM-QPSK optical transmitting module to form the first path. Similarly, Y i and Yq are modulated by QPSK to form a second transmission signal Y, and the two signals pass through an X polarization state and a Y polarization state, respectively, and are multiplexed into one high-speed optical signal.
  • the embodiments of the present invention are also applicable to other polarization multiplexing and high-order modulation transmission technologies, wherein the high-order modulation includes various phase modulations, such as BPSK, 8PSK, or may also include Other amplitude modulation techniques, such as 8QAM, 16QAM technology.
  • the QPSK modulation method only the number of its optical interfaces changes.
  • PDM-8PSK has a number of optical interfaces of 6 (two polarization directions, each polarization direction provides 8 phase modulations through the 3b i t interface), and the corresponding transmitter performs multi-channel distribution of 0TU4 frames:
  • MFAS frame header information
  • one of the frame header bytes A2 (the sixth byte) is used to identify the Lane channel identification information.
  • Multiple 30/6 Lane bits are multiplexed into the optical module input signal.
  • the OTU4 frames are distributed to each channel in a certain order, and the overhead frame header of each channel includes the channel sequence identifier.
  • S102 Convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, perform electrical equalization and demodulation, and restore the demodulated signal to multi-channel data.
  • the optical processing module is improved in the embodiment of the present invention, so that the receiving end receives multiple channels according to the OTUk frame to the optical module interface.
  • the optical signal After the optical signal transmitted by the method is distributed, the optical signal is converted into an electrical signal, and after being electrically equalized and demodulated, the multi-channel data can be restored.
  • the transmitting end uses the K/N channels for bit multiplexing, and the multiplexed signals are subjected to high-order phase shift keying modulation, and then form one optical signal for transmission; then, the multi-channel is restored.
  • the steps for the data can be:
  • the demodulated signal is bit-demultiplexed to recover into multi-channel data. (In the prior art, after demodulating and recovering the above four signals, it is usually solved by means of l:n string/parallel conversion. Reuse).
  • the optical signal passes through a polarizing beam splitter to separate the two signals at the transmitting end, and separates X' and Y'. Road signal.
  • the polarization beam splitter uses an eigen source of the same frequency as the optical carrier signal and two separate received optical signals, and performs coherent mixing by the mixer to recover the X-polarization state and the Y-polarization state signal (including channel noise). And crosstalk of the polarization signal).
  • x, and ⁇ two optical signals are converted to digital signals by analog and digital signals.
  • DSP digital signal processing
  • bit demultiplexing corresponds to bit multiplexing of the transmitting end, and since the transmitting end shown in FIG. 2 is modulated by performing 20/4 bit multiplexing of the multi-channel data, the demodulation is restored. After the signal is demultiplexed, 20 Lane data can be recovered.
  • S103 Align and rearrange data of the multi-channel according to the channel sequence identifier included in the frame header of each channel data; recover the OTUk frame according to the aligned rearranged data.
  • the data between the recovered lanes may be delayed and out of order.
  • the method used in the embodiment of the present invention is: through the Lane identification number, the data alignment between Lanes and the rearrangement of the Lane order are completed.
  • the OTUk frame can be recovered according to the aligned rearranged data.
  • the transmitting end distributes the OTUk frame to the multiple lanes according to the block mode
  • the rearranged Lane data can be used for word block multiplexing to recover the complete OTUk frame.
  • the specific block multiplexing process can combine the data of each channel in the order of alignment rearrangement to recover the complete OTU4 frame.
  • the corresponding relationship between the output signal and the original signal of the transmitting end is changed.
  • the method provided by the embodiment of the present invention is: demodulating the equalized signal, and demodulating the demodulated signal bit. Demultiplexing, recovering to the 20-way Lane signal, detecting the Lane identification information, and performing rearrangement of each lane signal according to the identification information, and recovering the OTU4 frame.
  • the identification information of each lane can be obtained by: performing a frame header search for each channel, and each frame header MFAS has a specific frame header byte A1 (0xF6H) A2 (0x28H), and searching for these bytes. If one or more A1A2 bytes are detected continuously, the frame header signal is searched, and then the Lane channel information byte (the sixth byte) is detected to obtain the identification Lane channel information.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can combine the OTN multi-channel distribution technology, when the polarization state of the transmission signal is changed, and the equalizer cannot quickly track the polarization conversion in time, resulting in the polarization state of the polarization signal and the original signal being inconsistent after the equalization, Channel rearrangement is performed by channel sequence identification detection to complete electrical signal recovery.
  • the optical module needs to continuously detect the proportion of the original signal component and the crosstalk signal component, and adjust the equalizer filter coefficient, so that the crosstalk signal component is gradually reduced.
  • the current common equalizer coefficient update algorithms are CMA (Constant Mode Algorithm) and LMS (Least Mean Square Algorithm).
  • CMA Constant Mode Algorithm
  • LMS Least Mean Square Algorithm
  • the CMA algorithm is relatively simple, and the original signal component and the crosstalk signal component can be easily separated, but the coefficient convergence speed is slow, and the LMS can quickly update the equalizer coefficients and quickly reduce the crosstalk signal component.
  • the ratio of the original signal component and the crosstalk signal component is high, the data in each channel may be mis-coded, and the data cannot be identified.
  • the channel error rate will be Relatively low, the special bytes in the channel data (such as the frame header), the probability of being detected will be greatly improved; when the original signal component and the crosstalk signal component are completely separated, the data of each channel is basically error-free.
  • Cause This can be used to feedback the adjustment of the equalization algorithm by detecting the error performance of each channel. For example, when it is judged that the bit error rate is low, it can be considered that the original signal component and the crosstalk signal component are initially separated, and the equalization algorithm with higher convergence efficiency should be switched to improve the speed of signal and noise separation.
  • the error performance of each channel can also be detected, and the equalizer algorithm is controlled by the performance detection result feedback.
  • the equalizer algorithm is controlled by the performance detection result feedback.
  • the current equalization algorithm A completes the initial separation of the initial signal component and the crosstalk signal component. At this time, it can switch to the equalization algorithm B with higher convergence efficiency to speed up the equalizer. The speed at which signals and noise are separated.
  • the DSP processing module of the receiving end optical processing module shown in FIG. 3 includes an equalizer, which is used to remove channel noise effects on the received signal, and track channel parameter changes through real-time calculation.
  • the constant modulus algorithm CMA
  • the signal is mostly recovered, phase recovery and data decision are performed by demodulation, and the demodulated four-way electrical signals are respectively bit-demultiplexed and restored into Lane data.
  • each Lane can be The data frame header is detected (not shown in the figure).
  • the frame header information When it is found that the frame header information can be searched, it means that the constant modulus algorithm equalization result is converged, and the signal and noise have been initially separated. Therefore, if X, or Y, the associated Lane channel header information is detected, the switching of the equalizer control algorithm is triggered, such as switching to the Least Mean Square Algorithm (LMS), so that the signal and noise are further separated until the signal is fully recovered.
  • LMS Least Mean Square Algorithm
  • error detection methods can also be used. For example, after multiple channel alignment rearrangement, the OTUk frame is restored, and the OTUk frame FEC (3825 ⁇ 4080 bytes) is used to calculate and error statistics, and the number of errors per channel is calculated. And the bit error rate, setting the bit error rate threshold, and feedback controlling the equalizer algorithm according to the result.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a device for recovering an OTUk frame, where the device is located at a receiving end, and referring to FIG. 5, the device includes: a receiving module U501, configured to: Receiving an optical signal sent according to an OTUk frame to an optical module interface multi-channel distribution method;
  • the optical module U502 is configured to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, perform electrical equalization and demodulation, and restore the multi-channel data;
  • the electrical module U503 is configured to perform aligning and rearranging data of each channel according to the channel sequence identifier included in the frame header of each channel data; and recover the OTUk frame according to the aligned rearranged data.
  • the transmitting end sends the optical signal according to the multi-channel distribution method of the OTUk frame to the optical module interface, and after receiving the optical signal, the receiving unit U501 of the receiving end first converts the optical signal into an electrical signal by the optical module U502, and performs electricity. Equalization and demodulation; then recover multi-channel data.
  • an overhead frame header is provided on each channel, and the overhead frame header includes The sequence identification of the corresponding channel; therefore, after the multi-channel data is restored, the electrical module U503 aligns and rearranges the data of each lane according to the sequence identifier contained in the frame header of each lane. Finally, a complete OTUk frame can be recovered from the aligned rearranged data.
  • the OTUk frame to optical module interface multi-channel distribution method is: distributing the OTUk frame to the multi-channel according to the block mode, each channel includes frame header information, and the frame header information is included for The frame header byte of the channel information is identified; the K/N channels are bit-multiplexed, and the multiplexed signal is subjected to high-order modulation to form an optical signal for transmission; specifically, when multi-channel data is restored, the data can be used.
  • the demodulated data is bit-demultiplexed to be restored into multi-channel data; when the OTUk frame is restored according to the aligned rearranged data, the aligned rearranged data may be block-multiplexed , thereby recovering the complete OTUk frame.
  • the embodiment of the present invention can also perform feedback control on the equalizer by detecting the error performance of each channel.
  • the system also includes:
  • the detecting module U504 is configured to detect the error performance of each channel according to the recovered multi-channel data.
  • the feedback module U505 is used to feedback and control the equalizer algorithm by using the performance detection result.
  • the detecting module U504 may include: a searching submodule U5041, configured to search for an overhead frame header including channel sequence identifiers in the channel data;
  • the feedback module U505 may include: a notification sub-module U5051, configured to notify the equalizer to switch to a control algorithm with higher convergence efficiency if the information of the overhead frame header can be searched.
  • a notification sub-module U5051 configured to notify the equalizer to switch to a control algorithm with higher convergence efficiency if the information of the overhead frame header can be searched.
  • an embodiment of the present invention further provides an apparatus for transmitting an OTUk frame. Referring to FIG. 7, the apparatus includes:
  • the electrical module U701 is configured to distribute the OTUk frame to the multi-channel according to the block mode, each channel includes frame header information, where the frame header information includes a frame header byte for identifying channel information; U702 is configured to perform bit multiplexing on the K/N channels, and the multiplexed signals are subjected to high-order modulation to form an optical signal for transmission; wherein K is the number of channels, and N is the order of the high-order modulation.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a system for transmitting an OTUk frame.
  • the system includes: a sending apparatus U801, configured to: Transmitting an optical signal according to an OTUk frame to optical module interface multi-channel distribution method;
  • the receiving device U802 is configured to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal, perform electrical equalization and demodulation, and then restore the data into multi-channel data; perform alignment rearrangement on the data of each channel; and recover the data according to the aligned rearrangement OTUk frame.
  • the transmitting device U801 includes:
  • the first electrical module U8011 is configured to distribute the OTUk frame to the multi-channel according to the block mode, each channel includes frame header information, and the frame header information includes a frame header byte for identifying channel information.
  • the first optical module U8012 is configured to perform bit multiplexing on the K/N channels, and the multiplexed signals are subjected to high-order modulation to form an optical signal for transmission; wherein, K is the number of channels, and N is a high-order modulation. Order;
  • the receiving device U802 includes: a receiving module U8021, configured to receive an optical signal sent according to the multi-channel distribution method of the OTUk frame to the optical module interface;
  • the second optical module U8022 is configured to perform electrical equalization and demodulation after converting the optical signal into an electrical signal, and perform bit demultiplexing on the demodulated signal to restore the multi-channel data.
  • the second electrical module U8023 is configured to perform aligning and rearranging data of each channel according to the channel sequence identifier included in the overhead frame header of each channel data; multiplexing the aligned rearranged data into blocks, and recovering the OTUk frame .
  • the embodiment of the present invention can also reverse the equalizer by detecting the error performance of each channel. Feed control.
  • the receiving device U802 further includes:
  • the detecting module U8024 is configured to detect the error performance of each channel according to the recovered multi-channel data.
  • the feedback module U8025 is used to feedback the equalizer algorithm by using the performance detection result feedback.
  • the detecting module U8024 may include: a searching submodule U80241, configured to search for an overhead frame header of the channel data including the channel sequence identifier;
  • the feedback module U8025 may include: a notification submodule U80251, configured to notify the equalizer to switch to a control algorithm with higher convergence efficiency if the information of the overhead frame header can be searched.
  • the method includes the following steps: receiving an optical signal sent according to an OTUk frame to an optical module interface multi-channel distribution method; after converting the optical signal into an electrical signal, performing electrical equalization and demodulation, and recovering the demodulated signal into Multi-channel data; aligning and rearranging the data of each channel according to the channel sequence identifier included in the overhead frame header of each channel data; recovering the OTUk frame according to the aligned rearranged data.
  • the storage medium is, for example, a ROM/RAM, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, or the like.

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Description

恢复 OTUk帧的方法、 装置及传送 OTUk帧的系统 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域， 特别是涉及一种恢复 OTUk帧的方法及装置、 一种发送 OTUk帧的装置及传送 OTUk帧的系统。
背景技术
随着业务带宽迅速发展， 100G 传送技术是目前光传送网中的一个热点技 术。 为了实现端到端业务传送， 目前通常将 100GE业务封装到 100G 0TN容器 ( 0TU4 ), 将 0TU4 比特流通过 100G光模块， 转为光信号传送。 为了实现高速 长距离的传输， 通常釆用高阶调制及相干接收的方式。
釆用高阶调制及相干接收的过程通常为：发射电信号经过电光转换为第一 发射光信号 Xout和第二发射光信号 Yout , 其中第一发射光信号为 X偏振态， 第二发射光信号为 Y偏振态， X偏振态和 Y偏振态正交， 由合束器合成为一路 光信号， 经过光纤传输。 接收端由分束器分成第一接收光信号 X，in和第二接 收光信号 Y' in, 其中第一接收光信号为 X，偏振态， 第二接收光信号为 Y，偏振 态， X，偏振态和 Y，偏振态正交。 第一接收光信号和第二接收光信号分别经过光 电转换，转换为第一接收电信号和第二接收电信号。 然后再根据第一接收电信 号和第二接收电信号恢复出原始的 0TU4数据。 其中， 为了正确完整地恢复出 原始的 0TU4数据， 接收端接收到的第一接收电信号及第二接收电信号应该分 别与发送端的第一发射光信号及第二发射光信号相对应。
由于光束在光纤中传输会发生随机双折射，引起两个正交偏振态的相互串 扰， 使得接收端的 X'偏振态和 Y'偏振态中各自都包含 X偏振态和 Y偏振态的 不同分量。 因此需要通过均衡的方法消除串扰分量， 恢复出原来的 X偏振态和 Y偏振态对应的发射电信号。
通常使用的均衡方法是电均衡，第一接收电信号和第二接收电信号由不同 系数（Hxx、 Hxy、 Hyx、 Hyy )的数字滤波器进行处理， 得到均衡后的第一接收 电信号和均衡后的第二接收电信号，分离出原来的第一发射电信号和第二发射 电信号。电均衡的输入信号中既含有发射端的原始信号分量又含有串扰信号分 量， 两种分量在输入信号中分别占有不同的比例。 电均衡的特点在于均衡后的 输出信号为占主要比例的分量对应的信号。 例如， 第一接收电信号中含有 X 偏振态和 Y偏振态对应的信号分量，其中 X偏振态对应的信号分量占主要比例， Y偏振态对应的信号分量占次要比例， 则均衡后的第一接收电信号为 X偏振态 对应的第一发射电信号。
但是， 本发明人在实现本发明的过程中发现， 光束在光纤中传输发生随机 双折射的过程中，第一接收电信号和第二接收电信号中原始信号分量和串扰信 号分量的占有比例也是随机改变的，以至于接收信号中串扰信号分量的比例大 于原始信号分量的比例，使得电均衡输出的均衡后第一的接收电信号和均衡后 第二的接收电信号，与发射端的第一发射电信号和第二发射电信号的对应关系 也随机改变， 进而使得接收信号的正确性、 完整性遭到破坏。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种恢复 OTUk帧的方法、装置及传送 OTUk帧的系统， 能够在即使均衡后的接收信号与发射端的发射信号的对应关系发生变化时，也 能够实现准确地恢复 OTUk帧。
一种恢复 OTUk帧的方法， 包括：
接收按照 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送的光信号； 将所述光信号转换为电信号， 并进行电均衡及解调后，将解调后的信号恢 复成多通道数据；
根据各通道数据的帧头包含的通道序列标识，对各通道的数据进行对齐重 排； 根据所述对齐重排后的数据恢复 OTUk帧。
一种恢复 OTUk帧的装置， 包括：
接收模块，用于接收按照 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送的光 信号；
光模块， 用于将所述光信号转换为电信号， 并进行电均衡及解调后， 将解 调后的信号恢复成多通道数据；
电模块， 用于根据各通道数据的开销帧头包含的通道序列标识，对各通道 的数据进行对齐重排； 根据所述对齐重排后的数据恢复 OTUk帧。
一种发送 OTUk帧的装置， 包括： 电模块，用于将 OTUk帧按照字块模式轮循分发到多通道上，每个通道都 包含帧头信息， 所述帧头信息中包含用于标识通道信息的帧头字节；
光模块， 用于将 K/N个通道进行比特复用， 复用后的信号进行高阶调制 后， 组成一路光信号进行发送； 其中， K为通道数量， N为高阶调制的阶数。
一种传送 OTUk帧的系统， 包括：
发送装置， 用于按照 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送光信号； 接收装置， 用于将光信号转换为电信号， 并进行电均衡及解调后， 将解调 后的信号恢复成多通道数据； 对各通道的数据进行对齐重排； 并根据所述对齐 重排后的数据恢复 OTUk帧。
与现有技术相比， 本发明实施例具有以下优点：
本发明实施例接收按照 OTUk 帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送的光 信号； 将所述光信号转换为电信号后， 进行电均衡及解调， 并将解调后的信号 恢复成多通道数据； 根据各通道数据的帧头包含的通道序列标识，对各通道的 数据进行对齐及重排； 并根据所述对齐重排的数据恢复 OTUk帧。 可见， 本发 明实施例能够结合 OTN的多通道分发技术，当传输信号的偏振状态发生变换， 而均衡器无法及时快速跟踪偏振变换，导致均衡后偏振信号和原始信号偏振状 态不一致时，可以通过通道序列标识检测进行通道重排，完成 OTUk帧的恢复。 因此， 不需要额外引入训练序列开销， 避免了系统性能受到影响。
附图说明
图 1是本发明实施例提供的方法的流程图；
图 2是本发明实施例提供的方法中发送端的处理流程图；
图 3是本发明实施例提供的方法中接收端的处理流程图；
图 4是本发明实施例提供的方法中接收端的 DSP模块处理流程图； 图 5是本发明实施例提供的恢复 OTUk帧装置的示意图；
图 6是本发明实施例提供的另一恢复 OTUk帧装置的示意图；
图 7是本发明实施例提供的发送 OTUk帧装置的示意图； 图 8是本发明实施例提供的传送 OTUk帧系统的示意图；
图 9是本发明实施例提供的另一传送 OTUk帧系统的示意图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂， 下面结合附图和 具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。
参见图 1, 本发明实施例提供的恢复 OTUk帧的方法包括以下步骤：
S101: 接收按照 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送的光信号； 本发明实施例主要应用于 100G传送技术中， 在该技术中， 为了实现端到 端业务传送， 标准定义了 0TUk (k=l, 2, 3, 4 ) 帧结构， 在将电信号转换为 光信号进行传送之前， 首先将电信号封装为 OTUk标准的帧格式。
例如， 目前通常将 100GE业务封装到 100G 0TN容器 ( 0TU4 ), 将 0TU4 比 特流通过 100G光模块， 转为光信号传送。 即， 在转为光信号传送之前， 将电 信号封装为 0TU4帧。 0TU4帧结构共 4行， 每行 4080个字节， 其中 1 ~ 14列 为帧开销， 并且第一行 1 ~ 7 字节为帧头标识。 15 ~ 3824 列为数据净荷单元 ( 0DU ), 承载 1QQG业务。 3825 ~ 4080列为 FEC (Forward Error Correction, 前向纠错）。整个帧为 16320字节，在 1.168us传送完成，因此为 111.78Gbit/s 传送速率。 为了方便描述， 下面均以 0TU4帧为例进行介绍。
发送端釆用 0TU4帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送光信号。 具体的， 可以将 OTUk 帧按照字块模式轮循分发到多通道上， 每个通道都包含帧头信 息， 所述帧头信息中包含用于标识通道信息的帧头字节； 将 K/N个通道进行 比特复用， 复用后的信号进行高阶调制后， 组成一路光信号进行发送； 其中， K为通道数量， N为高阶相移键控的阶数。 例如， 当进行 QPSK ( 4相位相移 键控）调制时， N=4, 此时 K=20, 则将 20/4个通道进行比特复用。
例如， 所述 0TU4帧到光模块接口多通道分发可以釆用 ITU-T G.709标准 定义的方法， 参见图 2, 假设使用 PDM-QPSK调制方式， 则在该方法中， 可以 在电处理模块， 将 100G 的 0TU4帧发送到 20个通道 ( Lane ), 按照字块 Block (例如 16字节）模式轮循分发到 20个 Lane中， 分发 20个 0TU4帧后， 保证 每个 Lane都包含一个帧头信息 MFAS (参考 ITU-T G. 709建议定义分发方法）， 并且在 MFAS中， 带有一个帧头字节 A2 (第 6个字节）用来标识 Lane通道信 息。 然后， 通过光电接口模块， 将 20/4个 Lane比特复用到光处理模块输入信 号： Xi、 Xq、 Y i、 Yq0 Xi和 Xq通过 PDM-QPSK光发送模块进行 QPSK调制， 组 成第一路发射信息 X, 同样， Y i和 Yq通过 QPSK调制，组成第二路发射信号 Y , 两路信号分别通过 X偏振态和 Y偏振态，并复用到一路高速光信号。
另外， 除了 PDM-QPSK调制方式外， 本发明实施例也可以适用于其他偏振复 用及高阶调制的传输技术，其中， 高阶调制包括各种相位调制，如 BPSK、 8PSK , 或者也可以包括其他幅度调制技术， 如 8QAM、 16QAM技术。 与 QPSK调制方式不 同的， 仅是其光电接口数量变化。 例如 PDM-8PSK , 其光电接口数目为 6 ( 2个偏 振方向， 每个偏振方向通过 3b i t接口提供 8个相位调制）， 相应的发送端进行 0TU4帧多通道分发的过程为：
将 100G 的 0TU4帧发送到 30个 Lane , 按照字块（例如 16字节）模式轮 循分发到 30个 Lane中， 分发 30个 0TU4帧后， 保证每个 Lane都包含一个帧 头信息 MFAS。 而在 MFAS中其中一个帧头字节 A2 (第 6个字节）用来标识 Lane 通道标识信息。 将 30/6个 Lane比特复用到光模块输入信号。
可见， 按照电信号到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送光信号时， OTU4帧 是按照一定的顺序分发到各个通道上，而每个通道的开销帧头都包含有通道序 列标识。
S102: 将所述光信号转换为电信号， 并进行电均衡和解调后， 将解调后的 信号恢复成多通道数据；
为了实现高阶调制及相干接收过程与 OTUk 帧到光模块接口多通道分发 方法相结合， 本发明实施例对光处理模块进行了改进，使得接收端在接收到按 照 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送的光信号后，将光信号转换为电 信号， 并进行电均衡及解调后， 能够恢复成多通道数据。 具体的， 发送端如果 是釆用所述 K/N个通道进行比特复用， 并将复用后的信号进行高阶相移键控 调制后， 组成一路光信号进行发送； 则恢复成多通道数据的步骤可以是： 将每 一路解调出来的信号进行比特解复用， 以恢复成多通道数据（现有技术中， 在 解调恢复出上述四路信号之后，通常釆用 l : n串 /并转换等方式来进行解复用）。
例如， 参见图 3 , 在接收端 （该接收端与图 2所示的发送端相对应）， 光 信号通过一个偏振分束器，将发射端的两路信号分离，分出 X'和 Y'两路信号。 所述的偏振分束器釆用与光载波信号相同频率的本征光源与分离的两路接收 光信号， 通过混频器进行相干混频， 恢复 X偏振态和 Y偏振态信号 （含信道 噪声和偏振态信号的串扰）。 x，和 γ，两路光信号通过模数转换为数字信号， 在 数字信号处理（DSP )模块， 需要进行电均衡处理， 去除传输信道上的噪声和 偏振态信号的串扰， 恢复 X，和 Y，两路电信号 （去除两个偏振态信号的串扰）， 并对每路信号进行解调制， 恢复信号 X'out— i、 X'out— q、 Y'out— i、 Y'out— q。 然后， 将解调恢复出的信号进行比特解复用， 恢复 20个 Lane数据。
其中， 所述比特解复用是与发送端的比特复用相对应的， 由于图 2所示的 发送端是将多通道数据进行 20/4 比特复用后进行的调制， 因此， 解调恢复出 的信号进行比特解复用后， 即可恢复出 20个 Lane数据。
S103: 根据每个通道数据的帧头包含的通道序列标识，对多通道的数据进 行对齐及重排； 根据所述对齐重排的数据恢复 OTUk帧。
由于经过系统传输及电均衡等操作，使得恢复出来的各 Lane之间数据可能 存在延时和错序。 此时， 本发明实施例使用的方法是： 通过 Lane标识号， 完成 Lane之间数据对齐以及 Lane顺序的重排。根据所述对齐重排后的数据即可恢复 OTUk帧。
如果发送端是将 OTUk帧按照字块模式轮循分发到多 Lane上， 则可以完成 重排后的 Lane数据进行字块复用， 从而恢复完整的 OTUk帧。 具体的字块复用 过程， 可以是按照对齐重排后的顺序将各个通道的数据组合在一起，从而恢复 出完整的 OTU4帧。
例如， 由于传输信道瞬态效应， 使得 X态偏振和 Y态偏振发生翻转， 而均 衡器无法及时响应信道参数变换时， 即当出现 X'out = Yout、 Y，out=Xout时， 均衡后的输出信号与发射端的原始信号之间的对应关系会发生改变，此时本发 明实施例提供的方法是： 将均衡后的信号进行解调制，将解调制后的信号比特 解复用， 恢复成 20路的 Lane信号， 检测 Lane标识信息， 并根据标识信息进行各 lane信号的重排， 恢复出 OTU4帧。
其中， 各 lane的标识信息可以通过如下方式获得： 对每个通道进行帧头搜 索， 每个帧头 MFAS有特定帧头字节 Al ( 0xF6H ) A2 ( 0x28H ), 对这些字节进 行搜索， 当连续检测到 1个或者多 A1A2字节， 则搜索到帧头信号， 然后检测标 识 Lane通道信息字节 （第 6个字节）， 获得标识 Lane通道信息
可见， 在本发明实施例提供的方法中， 虽然在传输及均衡过程中， 仍然有 可能使各 Lane之间数据出现延时和错序，但是并不会使得最终恢复出的 OTU4 数据发生错误。 这是因为， 本发明实施例能够结合 OTN的多通道分发技术， 当传输信号的偏振状态发生变换， 而均衡器无法及时快速跟踪偏振变换， 导致 均衡后偏振信号和原始信号偏振状态不一致时，可以通过通道序列标识检测进 行通道重排， 完成电信号恢复。
另外， 现有技术在利用增加训练序列开销 （SYNC )来解决电均衡中可能 出现的对应关系随机改变的问题的方法中，由于当出现发射端信号与输出端原 始信号发生改变时， 需要不断检测训练序列， 并根据结果进行数据切换， 因此 会增加 DSP处理的复杂度。 而本发明实施例中， 由于利用电层 OTN数据帧的 自带开销解决电均衡中可能出现的对应关系随机改变的问题，不需要额外引入 训练序列开销， 因此， 不会增加 DSP处理的复杂度。 同时， 也避免了系统性 能受到影响， 无须提高支持器件的带宽， 也不会增加器件的成本。
光模块在均衡的过程中 ,需要不断检测原始信号分量和串扰信号分量的占 有比例， 并调整均衡器滤波系数， 使得串扰信号分量逐步减少。 目前通用的均 衡器系数更新算法有 CMA (恒模算法 )和 LMS (最小均方值算法）。 CMA算法比 较简单， 能够容易分离出原始信号分量和串扰信号分量，但是其系数收敛速度 慢， 而 LMS能够快速更新均衡器系数， 并快速使得串扰信号分量减少。 当原始 信号分量和串扰信号分量比例很高时候， 可能会给各通道中的数据带来误码， 而无法识别数据， 如果原始信号分量和串扰信号分量初步分离后， 则通道的误 码率会比较低， 通道数据中的特殊字节 （如帧头）， 被检测到的概率会大幅提 高； 当原始信号分量和串扰信号分量完全分离， 则各通道数据基本无误码。 因 此可以通过检测各通道误码性能， 来反馈控制均衡算法的调整。 例如， 当判断 误码率较低时， 可以认为原始信号分量和串扰信号分量初步分离， 则应该切换 到收敛效率更高的均衡算法， 以提高信号与噪声分离的速度。
因此， 在本发明实施例中， 还可以检测各通道的误码性能， 并利用性能检 测结果反馈控制均衡器算法。 具体检测各通道的误码性能的方法可以有多种， 例如， 可以在比特解复用恢复出多通道数据之后， 对通道数据中包含通道序列 标识的开销帧头进行搜索； 如果能够搜索到帧头的信息， 则证明通道的误码率 较低， 当前均衡算法 A完成始信号分量和串扰信号分量的初步分离， 此时， 就可以切换到收敛效率更高的均衡算法 B ,以加快均衡器对信号和噪声分离的 速度。
具体的，参见图 4,在图 3所示接收端光处理模块的 DSP处理模块中包含 均衡器， 均衡器用于对接收信号去除信道噪声影响， 通过实时计算， 跟踪信道 参数变化。 通过电均衡模式对接收信号进行处理时， 首先釆用恒模算法 ( CMA ), 将信号和噪声初步分离。 由于去除大部分噪声， 信号得到大部分恢 复，通过解调进行相位恢复和数据判决，再将解调出的 4路电信号分别进行比 特解复用恢复成 Lane数据， 此时， 可以对各 Lane数据帧头进行检测（图中未 全部示出）， 当发现可以搜索到帧头信息， 则意味恒模算法均衡结果得到收敛， 信号和噪声已经初步分离。 因此，如果检测到 X，或 Y，相关的 Lane通道帧头信 息， 则触发均衡器控制算法的切换， 例如切换到最小均方算法 （LMS ), 使得 信号和噪声进一步分离， 至信号完全恢复。 当然， 也可以在一个或部分通道上 搜索到帧头信息 （而不是 X，或 Y，相关的全部 Lane通道 )后， 就通知 X，或者 Y'通道相关的均衡器进行均衡算法的切换。
还可以釆用其他的误码检测方法，例如：多个通道对齐重排后，恢复 OTUk 帧， 利用 OTUk帧 FEC ( 3825 ~ 4080字节）计算和对误码统计， 计算每个通 道误码数量和误码率， 设定误码率门限， 并根据此结果反馈控制均衡器算法。
与本发明实施例提供的恢复 OTUk帧的方法相对应，本发明实施例还提供 了一种恢复 OTUk帧的装置， 该装置位于接收端， 参见图 5 , 该装置包括： 接收模块 U501 , 用于接收按照 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发 送的光信号； 光模块 U502 , 用于将所述光信号转换为电信号， 进行电均衡及解调后， 恢复成多通道数据；
电模块 U503 , 用于根据各通道数据的帧头包含的通道序列标识， 对各通 道的数据进行对齐重排； 根据所述对齐重排后的数据恢复 OTUk帧。
发送端按照 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送光信号，接收端的 接收单元 U501在接收端到所述光信号后， 首先由光模块 U502将所述光信号 转换为电信号， 并进行电均衡及解调； 然后恢复多通道数据。 恢复多通道数据 之后， 由于可能会发生数据的时延或错位， 而按照 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通 道分发方法发送光信号时，各通道会上会提供一个开销帧头， 该开销帧头包含 相应通道的序列标识； 因此，可以在恢复出多路通道数据之后，由电模块 U503 根据各 lane的帧头中包含的序列标识， 对各 lane的数据进行对齐重排。 最终， 就可以根据所述对齐重排后的数据恢复出完整的 OTUk帧。
其中，如果所述 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法是：将 OTUk帧按 照字块模式轮循分发到多通道上，每个通道都包含帧头信息， 所述帧头信息中 包含用于标识通道信息的帧头字节； 将 K/N个通道进行比特复用， 复用后的 信号进行高阶调制后，组成一路光信号进行发送；则具体在恢复多通道数据时， 可以釆用将解调后的数据进行比特解复用的方式， 恢复成多通道数据； 根据所 述对齐重排后的数据恢复 OTUk帧时，可以是将所述对齐重排后的数据进行字 块复用， 从而恢复出完整的 OTUk帧。
另外，本发明实施例还可以通过检测各通道的误码性能来对均衡器进行反 馈控制。 此时， 参见图 6, 该系统还包括：
检测模块 U504, 用于根据恢复出的多通道数据，检测各通道的误码性能； 反馈模块 U505 , 用于利用性能检测结果反馈控制均衡器的算法。
其中， 检测通道误码性能的方法有多种， 一种方式是：
检测模块 U504可以包括： 搜索子模块 U5041 , 用于搜索通道数据中包含 通道序列标识的开销帧头；
此时， 反馈模块 U505可以包括： 通知子模块 U5051 , 用于如果能够搜索 到所述开销帧头的信息， 则通知均衡器切换到收敛效率更高的控制算法。 与本发明实施例提供的恢复 OTUk帧的装置相对应，本发明实施例还提供 了一种发送 OTUk帧的装置， 参见图 7 , 该装置包括：
电模块 U701 , 用于将 OTUk帧按照字块模式轮循分发到多通道上， 每个 通道都包含帧头信息， 所述帧头信息中包含用于标识通道信息的帧头字节； 光模块 U702, 用于将 K/N个通道进行比特复用， 复用后的信号进行高阶 调制后， 组成一路光信号进行发送； 其中， K为通道数量， N为高阶调制的阶 数。
与本发明实施例提供的恢复 OTUk帧的装置及发送 OTUk帧的装置相对 应，本发明实施例还提供了一种传送 OTUk帧的系统，参见图 8,该系统包括： 发送装置 U801 , 用于按照 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送光 信号；
接收装置 U802, 用于将光信号转换为电信号， 并进行电均衡及解调后， 恢复成多通道数据； 对各通道的数据进行对齐重排； 并根据所述对齐重排后的 数据恢复 OTUk帧。
其中， 参见图 9, 发送装置 U801包括：
第一电模块 U8011 , 用于将 OTUk帧按照字块模式轮循分发到多通道上， 每个通道都包含帧头信息， 所述帧头信息中包含用于标识通道信息的帧头字 节；
第一光模块 U8012, 用于将 K/N个通道进行比特复用， 复用后的信号进 行高阶调制后， 组成一路光信号进行发送； 其中， K为通道数量， N为高阶调 制的阶数；
接收装置 U802包括： 接收模块 U8021 , 用于接收按照 OTUk帧到光模块 接口多通道分发方法发送的光信号；
第二光模块 U8022, 用于将所述光信号转换为电信号后， 进行电均衡及解 调， 并将解调后的信号进行比特解复用， 恢复成多通道数据；
第二电模块 U8023 , 用于根据各通道数据的开销帧头包含的通道序列标 识， 对各通道的数据进行对齐重排； 将所述对齐重排后的数据进行字块复用， 恢复 OTUk帧。
另夕卜，本发明实施例还可以通过检测各通道的误码性能来对均衡器进行反 馈控制。 此时， 接收装置 U802还包括：
检测模块 U8024,用于根据恢复出的多通道数据，检测各通道的误码性能； 反馈模块 U8025 , 用于利用性能检测结果反馈控制均衡器的算法。
其中， 检测通道误码性能的方法有多种， 一种方式是：
检测模块 U8024可以包括： 搜索子模块 U80241 , 用于搜索通道数据中包 含通道序列标识的开销帧头；
此时， 反馈模块 U8025可以包括： 通知子模块 U80251 , 用于如果能够搜 索到所述开销帧头的信息， 则通知均衡器切换到收敛效率更高的控制算法。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分步骤 是可以通过程序来指令相关的硬件来完成，所述的程序可以存储于一计算机可 读取存储介质中， 该程序在执行时， 包括如下步骤： 接收按照 OTUk帧到光模 块接口多通道分发方法发送的光信号； 将所述光信号转换为电信号后， 进行电 均衡及解调， 并将解调后的信号恢复成多通道数据； 根据各通道数据的开销帧 头包含的通道序列标识， 对各通道的数据进行对齐重排； 根据所述对齐重排后 的数据恢复 OTUk帧。 所述的存储介质， 如： ROM/RAM、 磁碟、 光盘等。
以上对本发明所提供的一种恢复 OTUk帧的方法及装置、一种发送 OTUk 帧的装置及传送 OTUk帧的系统，进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对 本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本 发明的方法及其核心思想； 同时， 对于本领域的一般技术人员， 依据本发明的 思想， 在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处。 综上所述， 本说明书内 容不应理解为对本发明的限制。
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Claims

权 利 要 求
1、 一种恢复 OTUk帧的方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
接收按照 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送的光信号； 将所述光信号转换为电信号， 并进行电均衡及解调后，将解调后的信号恢 复成多通道数据；
根据各通道数据的帧头包含的通道序列标识 ,对各通道的数据进行对齐重 排； 根据所述对齐重排后的数据恢复 OTUk帧。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述 OTUk帧到光模块接 口多通道分发方法包括：
将 OTUk 帧按照字块模式轮循分发到多通道上， 每个通道都包含帧头信 息， 所述帧头信息中包含用于标识通道信息的帧头字节；
将 K/N个通道进行比特复用， 复用后的信号进行高阶调制后， 组成一路 光信号进行发送； 其中， K为通道数量， N为高阶调制的阶数；
所述将解调后的信号恢复成多通道数据包括：
将解调后的信号进行比特解复用， 恢复成多通道数据；
所述根据所述对齐重排后的数据恢复 OTUk帧包括：
将所述对齐重排后的数据进行字块复用， 恢复 OTUk帧。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 还包括：
根据恢复出的多通道数据， 检测各通道的误码性能；
利用性能检测结果反馈控制均衡器的算法。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述检测各通道的误码性 能包括：
搜索通道数据中包含通道序列标识的开销帧头；
所述利用性能检测结果反馈控制均衡器包括：
如果能够搜索到所述开销帧头的信息，则通知均衡器切换到收敛效率更高 的控制算法。
5、 一种恢复 OTUk帧的装置， 其特征在于， 包括：
接收模块，用于接收按照 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送的光 信号； 光模块， 用于将所述光信号转换为电信号， 并进行电均衡及解调后， 将解 调后的信号恢复成多通道数据；
电模块， 用于根据各通道数据的开销帧头包含的通道序列标识， 对各通道 的数据进行对齐重排； 根据所述对齐重排后的数据恢复 OTUk帧。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的装置， 其特征在于， 还包括：
检测模块， 用于根据恢复出的多通道数据， 检测各通道的误码性能； 反馈模块 , 用于利用性能检测结果反馈控制均衡器的算法。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述检测模块包括： 搜索子模块， 用于搜索通道数据中包含通道序列标识的开销帧头； 所述反馈模块包括：
通知子模块， 用于如果能够搜索到所述开销帧头的信息， 则通知均衡器切 换到收敛效率更高的控制算法。
8、 一种发送 OTUk帧的装置， 其特征在于， 包括：
电模块，用于将 OTUk帧按照字块模式轮循分发到多通道上，每个通道都 包含帧头信息， 所述帧头信息中包含用于标识通道信息的帧头字节；
光模块， 用于将 K/N个通道进行比特复用， 复用后的信号进行高阶调制 后， 组成一路光信号进行发送； 其中， K为通道数量， N为高阶调制的阶数。
9、 一种传送 OTUk帧的系统， 其特征在于， 包括：
发送装置， 用于按照 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送光信号； 接收装置， 用于将光信号转换为电信号， 并进行电均衡及解调后， 将解调 后的信号恢复成多通道数据； 对各通道的数据进行对齐重排； 并根据所述对齐 重排后的数据恢复 OTUk帧。
10、 根据权利要求 9所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述发送装置包括： 第一电模块，用于将 OTUk帧按照字块模式轮循分发到多通道上，每个通 道都包含帧头信息， 所述帧头信息中包含用于标识通道信息的帧头字节； 第一光模块， 用于将 K/N个通道进行比特复用， 复用后的信号进行高阶 调制后， 组成一路光信号进行发送； 其中， K为通道数量， N为高阶调制的阶 数；
所述接收装置包括： 接收模块，用于接收按照 OTUk帧到光模块接口多通道分发方法发送的光 信号；
第二光模块， 用于将所述光信号转换为电信号后， 进行电均衡及解调， 并 将解调后的信号进行比特解复用， 恢复成多通道数据；
第二电模块， 用于根据各通道数据的开销帧头包含的通道序列标识，对各 通道的数据进行对齐重排； 将所述对齐重排后的数据进行字块复用， 恢复 OTUk帧。
11、 根据权利要求 9所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述接收装置还包括： 检测模块， 用于根据恢复出的多通道数据， 检测各通道的误码性能； 反馈模块， 用于利用性能检测结果反馈控制均衡器的算法。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述检测模块包括： 搜索子模块， 用于搜索通道数据中包含通道序列标识的开销帧头；
所述反馈模块包括：
通知子模块， 用于如果能够搜索到所述开销帧头的信息， 则通知均衡器切 换到收敛效率更高的控制算法。
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PCT/CN2009/072805 2009-07-17 2009-07-17 恢复OTUk帧的方法、装置及传送OTUk帧的系统 WO2011006304A1 (zh)

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