WO2011000270A1 - 一种减小媒体延迟的方法、设备及系统 - Google Patents

一种减小媒体延迟的方法、设备及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2011000270A1
WO2011000270A1 PCT/CN2010/074110 CN2010074110W WO2011000270A1 WO 2011000270 A1 WO2011000270 A1 WO 2011000270A1 CN 2010074110 W CN2010074110 W CN 2010074110W WO 2011000270 A1 WO2011000270 A1 WO 2011000270A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
media
delay
receiving unit
frame
service
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2010/074110
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨佩林
孙兵
王业奎
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to IN4774KON2011 priority Critical patent/IN2011KN04774A/en
Priority to BRPI1014100-6A priority patent/BRPI1014100B1/pt
Priority to EP20100793565 priority patent/EP2451157A4/en
Priority to CA2761846A priority patent/CA2761846C/en
Priority to MX2011012652A priority patent/MX2011012652A/es
Priority to JP2012515346A priority patent/JP5366107B2/ja
Publication of WO2011000270A1 publication Critical patent/WO2011000270A1/zh
Priority to US13/302,809 priority patent/US8607286B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/15—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to multipoint traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/75—Media network packet handling
    • H04L65/765—Media network packet handling intermediate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/2416—Real-time traffic
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/28—Flow control; Congestion control in relation to timing considerations
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L51/00—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail
    • H04L51/07—User-to-user messaging in packet-switching networks, transmitted according to store-and-forward or real-time protocols, e.g. e-mail characterised by the inclusion of specific contents
    • H04L51/18—Commands or executable codes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/61—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio
    • H04L65/612—Network streaming of media packets for supporting one-way streaming services, e.g. Internet radio for unicast
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/60—Network streaming of media packets
    • H04L65/70—Media network packetisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L65/00—Network arrangements, protocols or services for supporting real-time applications in data packet communication
    • H04L65/80—Responding to QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/4302—Content synchronisation processes, e.g. decoder synchronisation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/438—Interfacing the downstream path of the transmission network originating from a server, e.g. retrieving encoded video stream packets from an IP network
    • H04N21/4383—Accessing a communication channel
    • H04N21/4384—Accessing a communication channel involving operations to reduce the access time, e.g. fast-tuning for reducing channel switching latency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/40—Client devices specifically adapted for the reception of or interaction with content, e.g. set-top-box [STB]; Operations thereof
    • H04N21/43—Processing of content or additional data, e.g. demultiplexing additional data from a digital video stream; Elementary client operations, e.g. monitoring of home network or synchronising decoder's clock; Client middleware
    • H04N21/44—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs
    • H04N21/44016—Processing of video elementary streams, e.g. splicing a video clip retrieved from local storage with an incoming video stream or rendering scenes according to encoded video stream scene graphs involving splicing one content stream with another content stream, e.g. for substituting a video clip
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/637—Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components
    • H04N21/6373—Control signals issued by the client directed to the server or network components for rate control, e.g. request to the server to modify its transmission rate
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64—Addressing
    • H04N21/6405—Multicasting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N21/00—Selective content distribution, e.g. interactive television or video on demand [VOD]
    • H04N21/60—Network structure or processes for video distribution between server and client or between remote clients; Control signalling between clients, server and network components; Transmission of management data between server and client, e.g. sending from server to client commands for recording incoming content stream; Communication details between server and client 
    • H04N21/63—Control signaling related to video distribution between client, server and network components; Network processes for video distribution between server and clients or between remote clients, e.g. transmitting basic layer and enhancement layers over different transmission paths, setting up a peer-to-peer communication via Internet between remote STB's; Communication protocols; Addressing
    • H04N21/64—Addressing
    • H04N21/6408—Unicasting
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/32—Flow control; Congestion control by discarding or delaying data units, e.g. packets or frames

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to network security technology in the communication field, and in particular to a method, device and system for reducing media delay.
  • video coding compression technology is used to reduce Video data rate, such as Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG-2), MPEG-4, H.264, video coding (Video Codec 1, VC-1), digital audio and video codec standards (Audio Coding) Standard, AVS), scalable video coding technology (Scalable Video Coding, SVC), etc., ensure the transmission and playback of media under limited transmission bandwidth.
  • a user requests a new multicast group (switches from one multicast group to another multicast group or joins a multicast group for the first time)
  • a new media channel When a media channel is switched to another media channel or the media channel is acquired for the first time, the network device does not directly forward the media stream currently being forwarded through multicast to the user, but starts forwarding the media stream from the previous random access point (if The current multicast point is close to the next random access point and can be forwarded immediately), so that the media stream received by the user can be quickly decoded and displayed, reducing the user's media waiting delay.
  • the media receiving unit (such as a set-top box) requests the media stream of a new channel from the network
  • the network device first forwards the media stream from the previous random access point to the media receiving unit. After receiving the media stream, the media receiving unit does not need to wait for the next random access point, and can directly decode and display the media.
  • the existing technical solution is shown in the sending sequence of a video service stream as shown in Fig. 1.
  • a new request is requested
  • the video stream will be sent from IDR1.
  • the code stream segment becomes a group of picture (G0P)
  • the video stream of the new channel is sent from the G0P intra-frame coded frame such as IDR1.
  • the intra-frame coding frame starting from G0P is such as IDR1 sends the video data stream, BP, within the scope of a GOP, whenever the user requests a new media stream, the network will send the media data from the intra-encoded frame at the beginning of the GOP, so that the user requests to obtain new media
  • the streaming time point is different, and different users have different viewing delays when watching the same media service, that is, video frame delay, that is, each user displays different pictures when watching the same media service at the same time.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a method, device, and system for reducing media delay, which are used to reduce the difference between different users' media playing out of synchronization, so that different users can achieve synchronous media playback within a certain range, and improve users' Experience level.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for reducing media delay, including: receiving a media switching request sent from a media receiving unit from a first media service to a second media service; According to the media switching request, a response message and the media stream of the second media service are sent to the media receiving unit, where the response message includes: information for the media receiving unit to reduce media delay, wherein the The information for reducing the media delay of the media receiving unit includes: the number of frame delays, and/or the frame delay time, so that the media receiving unit can perform the processing of the media stream of the second media service according to the received message for reducing the media delay information. Speed up the media processing.
  • Another method for reducing media delay includes: sending a media switching request for switching from a first media service to a second media service to a media processing unit; receiving a response message returned by the media processing unit; In the media stream of the second media service, the response message carries information for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay, and the information includes: the number of frame delays, and/or the frame delay time; The information for reducing media delay carried in the response message accelerates the processing of the media stream of the second media service.
  • a device for reducing media delay includes: a first receiving module, configured to receive a media switching request sent from a media receiving unit for switching from a first media service to a second media service; a notification module, It is used to send a response message and the media stream of the second media service to a media receiving unit according to the media switching request, where the response message includes: information for the media receiving unit to reduce media delay, where the The information used for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay includes: the number of frame delays, and/or the frame delay time, so that the media receiving unit performs the second media service according to the received message of reducing the media delay information.
  • the media stream is processed to speed up the media.
  • Another device for reducing media delay includes: a second sending module, configured to send a media switching request for switching from a first media service to a second media service to a media processing unit; and a second receiving module , For receiving the response message returned by the media processing unit and the media stream of the second media service, wherein the response message carries information for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay, and the information includes : The number of frame delays, and/or the frame delay time; a processing module, configured to accelerate the processing of the media stream of the second media service according to the information for reducing the media delay carried in the response message.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a system for reducing media delay, including: a media processing unit, configured to receive a media switching request from a media receiving unit for switching from a first media service to a second media service; according to the media A handover request, sending a response message and the media stream of the second media service to the media receiving unit, the response message including: information used for the media receiving unit to reduce media delay, wherein the response message is used for the media receiving unit
  • the information for the unit to reduce the media delay includes: the number of frame delays, and/or the frame delay time, so that the media receiving unit performs media acceleration processing on the media stream of the second media service according to the received message for reducing the media delay information
  • the media receiving unit is configured to send a media switching request for switching from the first media service to the second media service to the media processing unit; receiving the response message returned by the media processing unit and the media stream of the second media service, according to The information for reducing media delay carried in the response message accelerates the processing of the media stream of the second media service.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method, device and system for reducing media delay.
  • a media processing unit receives a media switching request sent from a media receiving unit, and carries information for the media receiving unit to reduce media delay in the response.
  • the response message is sent to the media receiving unit, so that the media receiving unit performs media acceleration processing according to the response message, reducing the difference between media display delays of different users, and improving the user experience degree.
  • FIG. 1 is a transmission sequence of a media stream in the prior art of the present invention
  • Fig. 2a is a flowchart of a method for reducing media delay in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 2b is another method in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a flowchart of a specific implementation of a method for reducing media delay in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 4 is an inherent media playback delay of a media receiving unit in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Schematic diagram 5 is a schematic diagram of the delay of a media frame requesting media switching in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a structural diagram of a device for reducing media delay in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 7 is another example of the embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 8 is a structural diagram of a system for reducing media delay in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • Step 202 Receive a switch from a first media service to a second media service sent from a media receiving unit.
  • Media switching request The media receiving unit is a terminal device for users to view media services and initiate switching requests, such as STBs, computers, media phones, etc.
  • the media switching request of the media receiving unit may be a remote control or other software or hardware terminal operated by the user Wait for the trigger.
  • the media receiving unit performs media service switching, it initiates a media switching request to the network cache unit, and the request includes the requested channel information.
  • the request can use the RTCP protocol, the RTCP extended protocol, or other protocols or proprietary signaling.
  • the switching from the first media service to the second media service also includes the case where the media receiving unit requests the media service for the first time, for example: when the media receiving unit is turned on, it requests the required media service for the first time, then this time There is no first media service in the media switching request.
  • the handover request may also include instruction information for requesting processing to reduce media delay.
  • the instruction information is used by the media receiving unit to request the media processing unit to feed back information about reducing the media delay, and the network cache unit receives the media after receiving the request.
  • the unit sends information to reduce the media delay, so that the media receiving unit performs processing to reduce the media delay based on this information, or the indication information may not be included, and the media processing unit actively informs the media receiving unit to perform the processing to reduce the media delay.
  • the media switching request can be implemented through an extended RTCP message.
  • Step 204 Send a response message and the media stream of the second media service to a media receiving unit according to the media switching request, where the response message includes: information for the media receiving unit to reduce media delay.
  • the information used for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay includes: the number of frame delays, and/or the frame delay time, so that the media receiving unit responds to the second media delay information according to the received message for reducing the media delay information.
  • Media acceleration processing of the media stream of the media service The information used for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay further includes: any one or several of the frame rate, the transmission rate or the transmission rate multiple, the number of frame dropping or frame hopping intervals. A combination of information.
  • the delay number of the media frame represents the delay distance of the media frame, or is the sum of the delay distance of the media frame plus the media playback frame delay of the media receiving unit itself (as shown in FIG. 4).
  • the delay time of the media frame represents the media time delay distance, or is the sum of the media time delay distance plus the media playback time delay of the media receiving unit itself (as shown in Figure 4).
  • the media frame delay distance is the frame delay distance between the frame of the media stream to be received and the position of the media stream frame sequence it is requesting (as shown in Figure 5).
  • the media time delay distance is the normal play time for the media receiving unit to play these "number of delays in media frames" (as shown in Figure 5). (For details, please refer to the description of the embodiment in FIG. 3).
  • the frame rate represents the playback rate after receiving the media service stream; the sending rate or the sending rate multiple of the media service stream represents the sending rate of the media service stream being sent or a multiple of the rate greater than the normal stream; the frame is dropped or
  • the number of frame skipping intervals is the number of intervals recommended by the media processing unit for the media receiving unit to discard or skip frames during media display, and specifically indicates that playback is performed by skipping one frame every certain number of frames.
  • the method further includes: sending the media stream of the media service of the second media to the media receiving unit in a unicast or multicast manner.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for reducing media delay, receiving a media switching request sent from a media receiving unit through a media processing unit; according to the media switching request, information for the media receiving unit to reduce media delay is used It is carried in a response message, and the response message is sent to the media receiving unit, so that the media receiving unit performs media acceleration processing according to the response message, which improves the efficiency of media stream switching and reduces the media display of different users.
  • the difference between the delays as far as possible, achieves synchronized playback between different users, and improves the user experience. As shown in FIG.
  • Step 202' sending a media switching request for switching from the first media service to the second media service to the media processing Unit;
  • the media processing unit, the media receiving unit is a media network processing device that receives a media service switching request, such as an intermediate network unit, a retransmission server, a media server, etc.
  • Step 204' Receive a response message returned by the network caching device and the media stream of the second media service, where the response message carries information for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay, and the information It includes: the number of frame delays, and/or the frame delay time; wherein, the information used for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay also includes: frame rate, media stream transmission rate or transmission rate multiple, frame drop or frame Any one or a combination of the number of skip intervals.
  • the delay number of the media frame represents the delay distance of the media frame, or the sum of the delay distance of the media frame plus the media playback frame delay of the media receiving unit itself (as shown in Figure 4, the specific introduction is described in detail in the introduction of Figure 3 below) .
  • the delay time of the media frame represents the media time delay distance, or is the sum of the media time delay distance plus the media playback time delay of the media receiving unit itself (as shown in Figure 4).
  • the media frame delay distance is the frame delay distance between the frame of the media stream to be received and the position of the media stream frame sequence that it is requesting (as shown in Figure 5, the specific introduction will be described in detail in the introduction of Figure 3 below).
  • the media time delay distance is the normal play time for the media receiving unit to play these "number of delays in media frames" (as shown in Figure 5).
  • the frame rate represents the playback rate after receiving the media service stream; the sending rate or the sending rate multiple of the media service stream represents the sending rate of the media service stream being sent or a multiple of the rate greater than the normal stream; the frame is dropped or
  • the number of frame skipping intervals is the number of intervals recommended by the media processing unit for the media receiving unit to discard or skip frames during media display, and specifically indicates that playback is performed by skipping one frame every certain number of frames.
  • Step 206' Accelerate the processing of the media stream of the second media service according to the information for reducing media delay carried in the response message. Wherein, playing the media stream of the second media service is accelerated by any one or a combination of media frame interval processing and playback, fast-forward playback of media frames, and fast decoding of media frames.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a method for reducing media delay.
  • the media switching request sent by the media receiving unit is sent to the media processing unit; according to the response message returned by the media processing unit for the media receiving unit
  • the media delay information performs media acceleration processing on the media service stream of the second channel sent by the media processing unit, which improves the efficiency of media stream switching and reduces the difference between media display delays of different users, Improve the user experience.
  • FIG. 3 it is a flowchart of a specific implementation manner of a method for reducing media delay in an embodiment of the present invention, which includes the following steps: Step 300: A media service source sends a media service stream of a channel to a media receiving unit.
  • the media service source which may also be referred to as a head-end device, is a source device that initiates a media service stream, and its types may include: a multicast source, a media server, a central media server, and an edge media server.
  • the manner in which the media service source obtains the media service stream includes recording from satellite TV, or forwarding from other cable networks.
  • Network nodes include digital subscriber line access multiplexers (DSLAM) equipment deployed by operators, optical line terminal (Optica l Line Termina l, OLT) equipment, router equipment, Network access servers and IP switches and other equipment.
  • DSLAM digital subscriber line access multiplexers
  • OLT optical line terminal
  • the network connection between the media service source and the network node may be through a core network, a metropolitan area network, an aggregation network, and other networking methods.
  • the media receiving unit (also referred to as a client) is a terminal device that views the media service and initiates a switching request for the user, such as a set-top box, a computer, a media mobile phone, etc.
  • the media switching request of the media receiving unit may be a remote control operated by the user Or other software, hardware terminal, etc. trigger.
  • Step 304 When the media receiving unit performs media switching, it initiates a media switching request to the network caching unit, and carries the requested media service information.
  • the media receiving unit When the user wants to switch the media service, the media receiving unit sends a media switching request to the media processing unit, requesting to switch from the first media service to the second media service.
  • the media switching request may use the Real-Time Transport Control Protocol (Real-Time Transport Control Protocol, RTCP) protocol, or may use the RTCP extended protocol, or other dedicated or proprietary protocols or signaling, etc.
  • RTCP Real-Time Transport Control Protocol
  • the switching from the first media service to the second media service also includes the first media receiving unit requesting media For example, when the media receiving unit is turned on, it requests the required media service for the first time, and then there is no first media service in the media switching request at this time.
  • the handover request may also include instruction information requesting processing to reduce media delay, and the instruction information is used by the media receiving unit to request the media processing unit to feed back information about reducing media delay, and the network caching unit will receive the media after receiving the request.
  • the unit sends information to reduce the media delay, so that the media receiving unit performs processing to reduce the media delay based on this information, or the indication information may not be included, and the media processing unit actively informs the media receiving unit to perform processing to reduce the media delay.
  • the indication information that is, the information that the media receiving unit requests the media processing unit to feed back to reduce the video delay can be realized by extending the RTCP message, for example, through the real-time control protocol RTCP to quickly obtain a multicast session request (Rapid Acqui sit ion of Mult icas t Ses s). ion-Reques t, RAMS-R) message.
  • Step 306 After receiving the media switching request from the user, the network caching device sends a response message and the media stream of the second media service to the media receiving unit, where the response message includes: for the media receiving unit to reduce media delay Information.
  • the information used for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay includes: the number of frame delays, and/or the frame delay time.
  • the response message that is, the information that the network caching unit informs the media receiving unit to reduce the video delay
  • the response message can be implemented by extending the RTCP message, for example, by quickly obtaining multicast session information (Rap id Acqu isit ion of Multicast Ses ion-Informat). ion, RAMS-I ).
  • the information used for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay further includes any one or a combination of: frame rate, transmission rate or transmission rate multiple, frame discarding or frame skip interval number.
  • the information further includes: any one or a combination of the frame rate, the transmission rate or a multiple of the transmission rate, the number of frame dropping or frame hopping intervals.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the inherent media playback delay of a media receiving unit in an embodiment of the present invention
  • Fig. 5 is an implementation of the present invention
  • Figure 4 shows a situation where the media playback time of the media receiving unit (or client) has an inherent playback delay than the media receiving time; specifically: When a media receiving unit When the media stream is received, it is not displayed immediately, but is played after a certain processing delay.
  • FIG. 5 shows the video service frame delay between the media service switching request point and the video service frame start sending point
  • IDR1 is the starting point of the video service frame.
  • P61 of the video service frame which is the request point for media switching (it can also be the media switching time point).
  • the difference between IDR1 and P61 is shown in the figure.
  • 5 shows the delay distance of the video frame.
  • the delay number of the media frame represents the delay distance of the media frame, or is the sum of the delay distance of the media frame plus the media playback frame delay of the media receiving unit itself (as shown in FIG. 4).
  • the delay time of the media frame represents the media time delay distance, or is the sum of the media time delay distance plus the media playback time delay of the media receiving unit itself (as shown in Figure 4).
  • the media frame delay distance is the frame delay distance between the frame of the media stream to be received and the position of the media stream frame sequence it is requesting (as shown in Figure 5).
  • the media time delay distance is the normal play time for the media receiving unit to play these "number of delays in media frames" (as shown in Figure 5).
  • the frame rate indicates the playback rate after receiving the media service stream; the sending rate or the sending rate multiple of the media service stream indicates the sending rate of the media service stream being sent or a multiple of the rate greater than the normal stream; the frame is discarded Or the number of frame skipping intervals is the number of intervals recommended by the media processing unit for the media receiving unit to discard or skip frames during media display. Specifically, it indicates that playback is performed by skipping one frame every certain number of frames.
  • Step 308 According to the information carried in the response message, the media receiving unit accelerates processing of the buffered media service stream of the second channel sent by the media processing unit. Specifically, taking FIG. 5 as an example, FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a media service frame delay.
  • the specific method for the media receiving unit to accelerate the processing of the media service stream will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 5.
  • the media receiving unit performs accelerated processing according to the information carried by the media processing unit.
  • the processing methods include: media frame interval processing mode, fast forward mode, and fast decoding mode.
  • media frame interval processing mode such as the following media stream:
  • the media receiving unit plays at a frame rate of 30, using 15 frames to skip one frame. That is to say, after the B14 frame played by the media receiving unit, it will not play the P15 frame, but directly play the B16 frame.
  • the media receiving unit performs processing to reduce the media delay between different users, which can be completed before receiving the multicast stream or after receiving the multicast stream. This media catch-up method depends on reducing the media delay between users The acquisition of information.
  • the second method is: the fast-forward method, which is specifically described as: the media receiving unit performs media fast-forward processing on the received media service stream according to the information that reduces the media delay between users, and performs media catch-up.
  • the media frame processing interval can also be called the media frame fast-forward interval in this way.
  • the third method is: the fast decoding method, which is specifically described as follows: The fast decoding method is mainly to decode the media quickly after receiving the media service stream, but not to display it immediately, until the number of media display start frames or a certain moment has passed show.
  • the number of delays in media frames is 10, but the number of media display start frames should not be greater than the number of delays in media frames, and its size is (between 1 and 10). If the number of delays in media frames is 5 , It means that the media receiving unit decodes and decodes the B5 frame before it can display it. Before this, the media frame is decoded quickly. Since the decoding rate is much higher than the media display rate, the display delay between different users can be reduced.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a channel switching method, which receives a media switching request sent from a media receiving unit through a media processing unit; according to the media switching request, sends a response message and the media stream of the second media service to the media receiver Unit, the response message includes: information for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay, wherein the information for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay includes: the number of frame delays, and/or the frame delay Time, the media receiving unit performs media acceleration processing on the media stream of the second media service according to the received message for reducing media delay information, which improves the efficiency of media stream switching and reduces the delay between media display of different users. The difference has improved the user experience. As shown in FIG.
  • a structure diagram of a device for reducing media delay in an embodiment of the present invention includes: a first receiving module 602, configured to receive a switch from a first media service to a second media sent from a media receiving unit Service media switching request; a notification module 604, configured to send a response message and the media stream of the second media service to the media receiving unit based on the media switching request, the response message including: for the media receiving Information for reducing the media delay by the media receiving unit, wherein the information for reducing the media delay by the media receiving unit includes: the number of frame delays, and/or the frame delay time, so that the media receiving unit reduces the media delay according to the received media delay
  • the information message performs media acceleration processing on the media stream of the second media service.
  • the information used for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay further includes: information about any one or more of the frame rate, the sending rate of the media service stream or the sending rate multiple, the number of frame dropping or frame hopping intervals combination.
  • the delay number of the media frame represents the delay distance of the media frame, or is the sum of the delay distance of the media frame plus the media playback frame delay of the media receiving unit itself (as shown in FIG. 4).
  • the delay time of the media frame represents the media time delay distance, or is the sum of the media time delay distance plus the media playback time delay of the media receiving unit itself (as shown in Figure 4).
  • the media frame delay distance is the frame delay distance between the frame of the media stream to be received and the position of the media stream frame sequence it is requesting.
  • the media time delay distance is the normal play time for the media receiving unit to play these "delayed numbers of media frames".
  • the frame rate represents the playback rate after receiving the media service stream; the sending rate or the sending rate multiple of the media service stream represents the sending rate of the media service stream being sent or a multiple of the rate greater than the normal stream; the frame is dropped or
  • the number of frame skipping intervals is the number of intervals recommended by the media processing unit for the media receiving unit to discard or skip frames during media display. Specifically, it means that playback is performed by skipping one frame every certain number of frames (for details, see The explanation of the embodiment in FIG. 3 will not be repeated here).
  • the device further includes: a first sending module 606, configured to quickly send the buffered media of the second media service in a unicast or multicast manner Body stream to the media receiving unit.
  • the device for reducing media delay may be a media processing unit, but is not limited to the media processing unit, as long as it is used to cache the real-time multicast media stream of each media service and receive the request message sent by the media receiving unit, according to Any network device that performs corresponding processing on the request message can be used.
  • the media receiving unit When the media receiving unit performs media service switching, it initiates a media switching request to the network cache unit, and the request includes the requested channel information.
  • the request can use the RTCP protocol, the RTCP extended protocol, or other protocols or proprietary signaling.
  • the switching from the first media service to the second media service also includes the case where the media receiving unit requests the media service for the first time, for example: when the media receiving unit is turned on, it requests the required media service for the first time, then this time There is no first media service in the media switching request.
  • the handover request may also include indication information for instructing the media processing unit to return information for reducing media delay, or not including the indication information, and the media processing unit will feed back according to the received message, and the media switching request may be Realized by extending RTCP message.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a device for reducing media delay, which receives a media switching request sent from a media receiving unit through a media processing unit; and sends a response message and the media stream of the second media service to the media switching request according to the media switching request.
  • a media receiving unit, the response message includes: information used for the media receiving unit to reduce media delay, wherein the information used for the media receiving unit to reduce media delay includes: the number of frame delays, and/or frames
  • the delay time enables the media receiving unit to perform media acceleration processing on the media stream of the second media service according to the received message to reduce media delay information, which improves the efficiency of media stream switching and reduces the delay of media display by different users. The difference between the two improves the user’s experience. As shown in FIG.
  • another device structure diagram for reducing media delay in an embodiment of the present invention includes: a second sending module 702, configured to send a media switching request for switching from a first media service to a second media service To the media processing unit; the second receiving module 704, configured to receive the response message returned by the media processing unit and the media stream of the second media service, wherein the response message carries the reduction for the media receiving unit Small media delay information, where the information includes: the number of frame delays, and/or frame delay time; the processing module 706 is configured to respond to the second media delay according to the information for reducing media delay carried in the response message The media stream of the media business is processed faster.
  • the information used for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay further includes: frame rate, media stream sending speed Any one or a combination of information such as the rate or the multiple of the transmission rate, the number of frame dropping or skipping intervals.
  • the delay number of a media frame indicates the delay distance between the frame of the media stream it is about to start receiving and the position of the media stream frame sequence it is requesting;
  • the delay time of the media frame indicates the delay of the media receiving unit playing these "media frames""Number" of normal playing time.
  • the frame rate represents the playback rate after receiving the media service stream;
  • the sending rate or the sending rate multiple of the media service stream represents the sending rate of the media service stream being sent or a multiple of the rate greater than the normal stream; the frame is dropped or
  • the number of frame skipping intervals is the number of intervals recommended by the media processing unit for the media receiving unit to discard or skip frames during media display. Specifically, it indicates that playback is performed by skipping one frame every certain number of frames.
  • the media switching request further includes indication information for instructing the media processing unit to return information for reducing media delay, wherein the media switching request is implemented by an extended RTCP message.
  • the device for reducing media delay may be a media receiving unit, but is not limited to the media receiving unit device.
  • Any terminal device that views the media service and initiates a switching request for the user can be any terminal device, such as a set-top box, a computer, a media mobile phone, etc.,
  • the media switching request of the media receiving unit may be triggered by a user operating a remote control or other software or hardware terminals.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a device for reducing media delay, by sending a media switching request to a media processing unit, requesting switching from a first media service to a second media service; receiving a response message returned by the media processing unit, wherein The response message carries information for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay, and the information includes: the number of frame delays, and/or the frame delay time; according to the information carried in the response message,
  • the buffered media service stream of the second channel sent by the media processing unit is processed faster, the efficiency of media stream switching is improved, the difference between media display delays of different users is reduced, and the user experience is improved.
  • the device for reducing media delay in the embodiments of the present invention does not constitute a limitation on the technical solution of the present invention.
  • the device for reducing media delay may be a media processing unit or a media receiving unit, but is not limited to
  • the media processing unit or the media receiving unit also includes devices located in other network locations or built in network nodes, and its implementation functions are the same as those described above. As shown in FIG.
  • FIG. 8 it is a structural diagram of a system for reducing media delay in an embodiment of the present invention, including: a media processing unit 802, configured to receive a switch from a first media service to a second media service sent from a media receiving unit According to the media switching request, sending a response message and the media stream of the second media service to the media receiving unit, the response message including: for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay Information, wherein the information used for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay includes: the number of frame delays, and/or the frame delay time, so that the media receiving unit responds to the media delay information according to the received message for reducing media delay.
  • a media processing unit 802 configured to receive a switch from a first media service to a second media service sent from a media receiving unit According to the media switching request, sending a response message and the media stream of the second media service to the media receiving unit, the response message including: for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay Information, wherein the information used for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay includes:
  • the media stream of the second media service performs media acceleration processing;
  • the media receiving unit 804 is configured to send a media switching request for switching from the first media service to the second media service to the media processing unit; and receive the response message returned by the media processing unit And the media stream of the second media service, according to the information for reducing the media delay carried in the response message, to accelerate the processing of the media stream of the second media service.
  • the switching from the first media service to the second media service also includes the case where the media receiving unit requests the media service for the first time, for example: when the media receiving unit is turned on, it requests the required media service for the first time, then this time There is no first media service in the media switching request.
  • the handover request may also include indication information for instructing the media processing unit to return information for reducing the media delay, or may not include the indication information, and the media processing unit will give feedback according to the received message.
  • the media processing unit is further configured to send the buffered media service stream of the second media service to the media receiving unit.
  • the information used for the media receiving unit to reduce the media delay further includes: any one or a combination of: frame rate, transmission rate or transmission rate multiple, frame discarding or frame hopping interval number.
  • the media processing unit is a media network processing device that receives a media service switching request, such as an intermediate network unit, a retransmission server, a media server, etc.
  • the media receiving unit is a terminal device for users to view media services and initiate switching requests, such as set-top boxes, computers, media phones, etc.
  • the media switching request of the media receiving unit may be a remote control or other software or hardware terminal operated by the user. trigger.
  • the embodiment of the present invention provides a system for reducing media delay.
  • the media processing unit sends a response message and the media stream of the second media service to the media switching request according to the media switching request.
  • a media receiving unit, where the response message includes: information used by the media receiving unit to reduce media delay, so that the media receiving unit responds to the media stream of the second media service according to the received message for reducing media delay information.
  • Performing media acceleration processing reduces the time delay of the media stream picture, reduces the difference between the media display delays of different users, and improves the user experience.
  • the software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions to enable a terminal device (which may be a mobile phone, a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method described in each embodiment of the present invention.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Two-Way Televisions, Distribution Of Moving Picture Or The Like (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Information Transfer Between Computers (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Description

一种减小媒体延迟的方法、 设备及系统
本申请要求于 2009年 6月 30日提交中国专利局、申请号为 200910108543. 4、发明 名称为 "一种减小媒体延迟的方法、 设备及系统"的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内 容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域 本发明涉及通信领域的网络安全技术，具体涉及一种减小媒体延迟的方法、设备及 系统。 背景技术 在通过组播技术传送媒体业务的过程中， 例如数字电视（Digi ta l Televi s ion, DTV), IP电视 ( Internet Protocol Televi s ion , IPTV)等媒体业务， 通过视频编码压 缩技术减小视频数据率， 例如运动图像专家工作组（Moving Picture Experts Group， MPEG-2)、 MPEG-4、 H. 264、 视频编码 （Video Codec 1 ， VC-1) , 数字音视频编解码标 准（Audio Coding Standard， AVS), 可伸缩视频编码技术（Sca lable Video Coding， SVC)等， 保证了在有限传输带宽下媒体的传输和播放。 由于这些视频编码压缩技术采 用了帧内和帧间压缩方式， 使得终端用户在没有收到随机访问点时（例如在只收到帧间 压缩视频帧如 B或 P帧，而没有收到帧内压缩视频帧 (如即时解码器刷新（ Ins tantaneous Decoding Refresh, IDR)或 I帧等））， 无法解码进行视频播放。 通常， 当终端用户收 到一个随机访问点（比如帧内压缩帧） 的时候才真正开始解码播放， 但是， 这样会造成 播放媒体画面的延迟。 比如， 当用户从一个频道切换到另一频道时， 新频道不能立即播 放。 为解决这一问题， 当用户请求一个新的组播组（从一个组播组切换到另一个组播组 或第一次加入组播组）的时候， 通俗的说请求一个新的媒体频道（一个媒体频道切换到 另一个媒体频道或第一次获得媒体频道）的时候， 网络设备不是直接向用户转发当前正 在通过组播转发的媒体流， 而是从前一随机访问点开始转发媒体流（若当前组播点接近 下一随机访问点， 可以立刻进行转发）， 从而用户收到的媒体流就可以快速进行媒体解 码显示， 减小用户媒体等待延迟。 这种技术成为快速频道切换技术， 也可称为组播快速 获得 (Rapid Acqui s i t ion of Mul t icas t Ses s ion, RAMS)技术。 为了提高用户快速收看视频的体验，采用组播快速获得技术或快速频道切换技术可 以解决这一问题， 在用户进行频道切换的时候： 媒体接收单元（如机顶盒） 向网络请求 新的频道的媒体流， 网络设备根据当前媒体流的情况， 首先转发从前一随机访问点开始 的媒体流到媒体接收单元， 媒体接收单元收到媒体流后， 无需等待下一随机访问点， 可 以直接进行解码并显示媒体； 也就是说， 对于一个媒体流而言， 现有的技术方案如图 1 一种视频业务流的发送序列所示， 在二个随机访问点： 如图 1的 IDR1和 IDR2之间， 请 求新的视频流时， 该视频流将从 IDR1开始发送。 如果该视频流将从一个随机访问点开 始到下一个随机访问点结束但不包括下一个随机访问点的码流片段成为一个图像组 (Group of Picture, G0P), 则当在一个 GOP范围内请求快速频道切换时， 新频道的视 频流从该 G0P的帧内编码帧如 IDR1开始发送。 在对现有技术的研究和实践过程中， 发明人发现现有技术存在以下问题： 由于用户在请求获得新的媒体流时，为了提高用户的视频收视体验，从 G0P开始的 帧内编码帧如 IDR1发送视频数据流， ΒΡ， 在一个 G0P的范围内， 无论用户何时请求获 得新的媒体流， 网络都将从 G0P的开始的帧内编码帧发送媒体数据， 这样由于用户请求 获得新的媒体流的时间点不同， 不同的用户收看同一媒体业务时有着不同的收视延迟， 即视频帧延迟， 也就是说每个用户在同一时刻收看同一媒体业务时显示不同的画面。
因此，当某个用户在显示 B2帧图象的时候，另外一个用户正在收看 B15帧的图象。 不同用户之间最长的视频显示延迟可以达到一个 G0P的长度，即一个用户正在收看 IDR1 图象， 而另外一个用户可能已经正在收看 IDR2帧图象。 这样， 如果两个用户在观看同 一频道的同时， 通过电话讨论该节目， 会造一方在谈论另一方还没有看到的内容， 导致 无法达到用户满意的视频收视体验。 发明内容 本发明实施例提供一种减小媒体延迟的方法、设备及系统，用于降低不同用户媒体 播放不同步之间的差异， 从而使不同用户在一定范围内实现媒体同步播放， 提高用户的 体验程度。 本发明实施例提供的一种减小媒体延迟的方法， 包括： 接收从媒体接收单元发送的从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务的媒体切换请求; 根据所述媒体切换请求，发送响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒体流给媒体接收 单元， 所述响应消息包括： 用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 其中所述用于 所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或帧延迟时间， 使得所 述媒体接收单元根据接收的减小媒体延迟信息的消息对所述第二媒体业务的媒体流进 行媒体加快处理。 本发明实施例提供的另一种减小媒体延迟的方法， 包括： 发送从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务的媒体切换请求给媒体处理单元； 接收所述媒体处理单元返回的响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒体流，其中所述 响应消息中携带了用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 所述信息包括： 帧延迟 数目， 和 /或帧延迟时间； 根据所述响应消息中携带的所述减小媒体延迟的信息，对所述第二媒体业务的媒体 流进行加快处理。 本发明实施例提供的一种减小媒体延迟的设备， 包括： 第一接收模块，用于接收从媒体接收单元发送的从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业 务的媒体切换请求； 通知模块，用于根据所述媒体切换请求，发送响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒 体流给媒体接收单元，所述响应消息包括：用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 其中所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或帧延迟 时间，使得所述媒体接收单元根据接收的减小媒体延迟信息的消息对所述第二媒体业务 的媒体流进行媒体加快处理。 本发明实施例提供的另一种减小媒体延迟的设备， 包括： 第二发送模块，用于发送从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务的媒体切换请求给媒 体处理单元； 第二接收模块，用于接收所述媒体处理单元返回的响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务 的媒体流， 其中所述响应消息中携带了用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 所 述信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或帧延迟时间； 处理模块，用于根据所述响应消息中携带的所述减小媒体延迟的信息，对所述第二 媒体业务的媒体流进行加快处理。 本发明实施例提供的一种减小媒体延迟的系统， 包括： 媒体处理单元，用于接收从媒体接收单元发送的从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业 务的媒体切换请求； 根据所述媒体切换请求， 发送响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒 体流给媒体接收单元，所述响应消息包括：用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 其中所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或帧延迟 时间，使得所述媒体接收单元根据接收的减小媒体延迟信息的消息对所述第二媒体业务 的媒体流进行媒体加快处理； 媒体接收单元，用于发送从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务的媒体切换请求给媒 体处理单元； 接收所述媒体处理单元返回的响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒体流， 根据所述响应消息中携带的所述减小媒体延迟的信息，对所述第二媒体业务的媒体流进 行加快处理。 本发明实施例提供一种减小媒体延迟的方法，设备及系统，通过媒体处理单元接收 从媒体接收单元发送的媒体切换请求，将用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息携 带在响应消息中， 并将所述响应消息发送给所述媒体接收单元， 使得所述媒体接收单元 根据所述响应消息进行媒体加快处理， 降低了不同用户媒体显示延迟之间的差异， 改善 了用户的体验程度。 附图说明 为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有 技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍， 显而易见地， 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本 发明的一些实施例， 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲， 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下， 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。 图 1为本发明现有技术中的一种媒体流的发送序列； 图 2a为本发明实施例中的一种减小媒体延迟的方法流程图； 图 2b为本发明实施例中的另一种减小媒体延迟的方法流程图； 图 3为本发明实施例中一种减小媒体延迟的方法的具体实现方式流程图； 图 4为本发明实施例中一种媒体接收单元的固有媒体播放延迟示意图； 图 5为本发明实施例中一种请求媒体切换的媒体帧的延迟示意图； 图 6为本发明实施例中的一种减小媒体延迟的设备结构图； 图 7为本发明实施例中的另一种减小媒体延迟的设备结构图； 图 8为本发明实施例中的一种减小媒体延迟的系统结构图。 具体实施方式 下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整 地描述， 显然， 所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例， 而不是全部的实施例。 基于本 发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他 实施例， 都属于本发明保护的范围。 如图 2a所示， 为本发明实施例中的一种减小媒体延迟的方法流程图， 包括以下步 骤： 步骤 202，接收从媒体接收单元发送的从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务的媒体 切换请求。 所述媒体接收单元， 为用户收视媒体业务及发起切换请求的终端设备， 如机顶盒 STB， 计算机， 媒体手机等等， 媒体接收单元的媒体切换请求可以是由用户操作遥控器 或其它软件、 硬件终端等触发。 当媒体接收单元进行媒体业务切换时， 向网络缓存单元发起媒体切换请求，所述请 求中包括请求的频道信息。 该请求可以使用 RTCP协议， 也可以使用 RTCP扩展协议， 也 可以采用其它协议或专有信令。 其中，所述从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务还包括媒体接收单元第一次请求媒 体业务的情况， 例如： 媒体接收单元开机时， 第一次请求获得需要的媒体业务， 则此时 媒体切换请求中的没有第一媒体业务。所述切换请求中还可以包括请求减小媒体延迟的 处理的指示信息，该指示信息用于媒体接收单元请求媒体处理单元反馈减小媒体延迟的 信息， 网络缓存单元收到该请求后向媒体接收单元发送减小媒体延迟的信息， 以至媒体 接收单元根据这个信息进行减小媒体延迟的处理， 也可以不包括该指示信息， 由媒体处 理单元主动通知媒体接收单元进行减小媒体延迟的处理，该媒体切换请求可以通过扩展 RTCP消息实现。 步骤 204， 根据所述媒体切换请求， 发送响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒体流 给媒体接收单元， 所述响应消息包括： 用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息。 其 中所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或帧延迟时 间，使得所述媒体接收单元根据接收的减小媒体延迟信息的消息对所述第二媒体业务的 媒体流进行媒体加快处理 所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息还包括：帧速率、发送速率或发送 速率倍数、 帧丢弃或帧跳跃间隔数目的任意一种或几种信息的组合。 具体，媒体帧的延迟数目表示媒体帧延迟距离，或者为媒体帧延迟距离加上媒体接 收单元本身的媒体播放帧延迟 （如图 4所示） 之和。 媒体帧的延迟时间表示媒体时间延迟距离，或者为媒体时间延迟距离加上媒体接收 单元本身的媒体播放时间延迟 （如图 4所示） 之和。 媒体帧延迟距离为将要开始接收的媒体流的帧和它正在请求的媒体流帧序列位置 之间的帧延迟距离 （如图 5所示）。 媒体时间延迟距离是媒体接收单元播放这些 "媒体 帧的延迟数目"的正常播放时间（如图 5所示）。 （具体请参见对图 3的实施例的描述）。 所述帧速率表示收到该媒体业务流后的播放速率；所述媒体业务流的发送速率或发 送速率倍数表示正在发送媒体业务流的发送速率或者大于正常流的速率倍数；所述帧丢 弃或帧跳跃的间隔数目， 即为媒体处理单元推荐的媒体接收单元在媒体显示时进行帧丢 弃或帧跳跃的间隔数目， 具体表示每隔一定数目的帧跳跃一帧的方式进行播放。 在所述步骤 204之后，所述方法还包括： 以单播或组播方式发送所述第二媒体的媒 体业务的媒体流给所述媒体接收单元。 本发明实施例提供一种减小媒体延迟的方法，通过媒体处理单元接收从媒体接收单 元发送的媒体切换请求； 根据所述媒体切换请求， 将用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延 迟的信息携带在响应消息中， 并将所述响应消息发送给所述媒体接收单元， 使得所述媒 体接收单元根据所述响应消息进行媒体加快处理， 提高了媒体流切换的效率， 降低了不 同用户媒体显示延迟之间的差异， 尽可能实现了不同用户间的同步播放， 改善了用户的 体验程度。 如图 2b所示， 为本发明实施例中的另一种媒体延迟方法流程图， 包括以下步骤： 步骤 202 '， 发送从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务的媒体切换请求给媒体处理 单元； 所述媒体处理单元， 媒体接收单元为接收媒体业务切换请求的媒体网络处理设备， 如中间网络单元， 重发服务器、 媒体服务器等。 步骤 204 '， 接收所述网络缓存设备返回的响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒体 流， 其中所述响应消息中携带了用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 所述信息 包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或帧延迟时间； 其中， 所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息还包括： 帧速率、媒体流的 发送速率或发送速率倍数、 帧丢弃或帧跳跃的间隔数目的任意一种或几种信息的组合。 具体，媒体帧的延迟数目表示媒体帧延迟距离，或者为媒体帧延迟距离加上媒体接 收单元本身的媒体播放帧延迟（如图 4所示， 具体介绍在下面介绍图 3时具体阐述）之 和。 媒体帧的延迟时间表示媒体时间延迟距离，或者为媒体时间延迟距离加上媒体接收 单元本身的媒体播放时间延迟 （如图 4所示） 之和。 媒体帧延迟距离为将要开始接收的媒体流的帧和它正在请求的媒体流帧序列位置 之间的帧延迟距离 （如图 5所示， 具体介绍在下面介绍图 3时具体阐述）。 媒体时间延 迟距离是媒体接收单元播放这些 "媒体帧的延迟数目"的正常播放时间 （如图 5所示）。 所述帧速率表示收到该媒体业务流后的播放速率；所述媒体业务流的发送速率或发 送速率倍数表示正在发送媒体业务流的发送速率或者大于正常流的速率倍数；所述帧丢 弃或帧跳跃的间隔数目， 即为媒体处理单元推荐的媒体接收单元在媒体显示时进行帧丢 弃或帧跳跃的间隔数目， 具体表示每隔一定数目的帧跳跃一帧的方式进行播放。 步骤 206 '， 根据所述响应消息中携带的所述减小媒体延迟的信息， 对所述第二媒 体业务的媒体流进行加快处理。 其中，通过对媒体帧间隔处理播放、对媒体帧快进播放以及对媒体帧快速解码的任 意一种或几种的组合方式加快播放所述第二媒体业务的媒体流。 本发明实施例提供一种减小媒体延迟的方法，通过媒体接收单元发送的媒体切换请 求给媒体处理单元；根据所述媒体处理单元返回的响应消息中携带的用于所述媒体接收 单元减小媒体延迟的信息，对所述媒体处理单元发送的所述第二频道的媒体业务流进行 媒体加快处理， 提高了媒体流切换的效率， 降低了不同用户媒体显示延迟之间的差异， 改善了用户的体验程度。 如图 3所示， 为本发明实施例中一种减小媒体延迟的方法的具体实现方式流程图， 包括以下步骤： 步骤 300， 媒体业务源向媒体接收单元发送频道的媒体业务流。 所述媒体业务源， 又可以称为头端设备， 为媒体业务流发起的源头设备， 其类型可 以包括： 组播源、 媒体服务器、 中心媒体服务器和边缘媒体服务器等。 所述媒体业务源 获取媒体业务流的方式包括从卫星电视录制， 或者从其他有线网络转发。 网络节点包括 运营商部署的数字用户线路接入复用器 （ Digi ta l Subscr iber Line Acces s Mul t iplexer, DSLAM) 设备、 光线路终端 (Opt ica l Line Termina l , OLT) 设备、 路由 器设备、 网络接入服务器和 IP交换机等设备。 媒体业务源与网络节点之间的网络连接 可以是通过核心网、 城域网、 汇聚网， 以及其他组网方式。 所述媒体接收单元 （又称为客户端）， 为用户收视媒体业务及发起切换请求的终端 设备， 如机顶盒， 计算机， 媒体手机等等， 媒体接收单元的媒体切换请求可以是由用户 操作遥控器或其它软件、 硬件终端等触发。 步骤 302， 媒体处理单元缓存从媒体业务源发送到媒体接收单元的媒体流， 标明媒 体接收单元可独立解码的媒体帧在缓存中的起始位置 （如 I帧， IDR帧位置等）。 其中， 当媒体业务源设备发送媒体业务流到媒体接收单元时（可以理解为媒体业务 源通过网络节点发送到媒体接收单元的媒体流时）， 媒体处理单元获取所述媒体业务流 并进行缓存， 或者当媒体业务源发送媒体流到媒体接收单元时， 媒体处理单元通过镜像 的方式， 或者加入组播组的方式获得并缓存， 其中， 所述媒体业务流为向用户提供的媒 体业务的码流。 步骤 304， 媒体接收单元进行媒体切换时， 向网络缓存单元发起媒体切换请求， 并 携带请求的媒体业务信息。 用户希望切换媒体业务时， 由媒体接收单元向媒体处理单元发送媒体切换请求，请 求从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务。所述媒体切换请求可以使用实时传输控希 lj†办 议 (Real-t ime Transport Control Protocol ， RTCP) 协议， 也可以使用 RTCP 扩展协议， 或者其它专用或私有协议或者信令等。 其中，所述从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务还包括媒体接收单元第一次请求媒 体业务的情况， 例如： 媒体接收单元开机时， 第一次请求获得需要的媒体业务， 则此时 媒体切换请求中的没有第一媒体业务。所述切换请求中还可以包括请求减小媒体延迟的 处理的指示信息，该指示信息用于媒体接收单元请求媒体处理单元反馈减小媒体延迟的 信息， 网络缓存单元收到该请求后向媒体接收单元发送减小媒体延迟的信息， 以至媒体 接收单元根据这个信息进行减小媒体延迟的处理， 也可以不包括该指示信息， 由媒体处 理单元主动通知媒体接收单元进行减小媒体延迟的处理。 所述指示信息即媒体接收单元请求媒体处理单元反馈减小视频延迟的信息可以通 过扩展 RTCP 消息实现， 例如通过实时控制协议 RTCP 快速获得组播会话请求 （Rapid Acqui s i t ion of Mul t icas t Ses s ion-Reques t , RAMS-R) 消息来实现。 步骤 306， 网络缓存设备收到用户的媒体切换请求后， 发送响应消息以及所述第二 媒体业务的媒体流给媒体接收单元， 所述响应消息包括： 用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒 体延迟的信息。 其中所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息包括： 帧延迟数 目， 和 /或帧延迟时间。 所述响应消息即网络缓存单元通知媒体接收单元减小视频延迟的信息可以通过扩 展 RTCP消息来实现，例如通过快速获得组播会话信息（ Rap i d Acqu i s i t ion of Mul t icas t Ses s ion-Informat ion, RAMS-I ) 来实现。 所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息还包括：帧速率、发送速率或发送 速率倍数、 帧丢弃或帧跳跃间隔数目的任意一种或几种信息的组合。 所述信息还包括： 帧速率、发送速率或发送速率倍数、帧丢弃或帧跳跃间隔数目的 任意一种或几种信息的组合。 下面结合图 4和图 5对该媒体帧的延迟信息包括的各项内容进行具体解释： 图 4为本发明实施例中一种媒体接收单元的固有的媒体播放延迟示意图；图 5为本 发明实施例中一种请求媒体切换的媒体业务帧的延迟示意图； 图 4表示媒体接收单元（或者客户端）媒体播放时间比媒体接收时间有一个固有的 播放延迟的情况； 具体为： 当一个媒体接收单元接收到媒体流时并不是立即进行显示， 而是进行一定时间的处理延迟后才进行播放， 这个延迟可以称为如图 4所示的 "媒体播 放时间延迟"， 也可以表示为 "媒体播放帧延迟"。 图 5表示媒体业务切换请求点和视频业务帧开始发送点之间的视频业务帧的延迟， 图 5中 IDR1为视频业务帧开始发送点，图中 104所示处是视频业务帧的 P61，为媒体切 换的请求点 （也可以为媒体切换时间点）， IDR1与 P61之间的差为图 5所示的视频帧的 延迟距离。 具体，媒体帧的延迟数目表示媒体帧延迟距离，或者为媒体帧延迟距离加上媒体接 收单元本身的媒体播放帧延迟（如图 4所示）之和。 媒体帧的延迟时间表示媒体时间延迟距离，或者为媒体时间延迟距离加上媒体接收 单元本身的媒体播放时间延迟（如图 4所示）之和。 媒体帧延迟距离为将要开始接收的媒体流的帧和它正在请求的媒体流帧序列位置 之间的帧延迟距离 （如图 5所示）。 媒体时间延迟距离是媒体接收单元播放这些 "媒体 帧的延迟数目"的正常播放时间 （如图 5所示）。 所述帧速率：表示收到该媒体业务流后的播放速率；所述媒体业务流的发送速率或 发送速率倍数表示正在发送媒体业务流的发送速率或者大于正常流的速率倍数；所述帧 丢弃或帧跳跃的间隔数目，即为媒体处理单元推荐的媒体接收单元在媒体显示时进行帧 丢弃或帧跳跃的间隔数目， 具体表示每隔一定数目的帧跳跃一帧的方式进行播放。 步骤 308， 根据所述响应消息中携带的所述信息， 所述媒体接收单元对所述媒体处 理单元发送的缓存的第二频道的媒体业务流进行加快处理。 具体再以图 5为例， 图 5为一种媒体业务帧延迟示意图。结合图 5对媒体接收单元 加快处理媒体业务流的具体方式进行具体说明。 所述媒体接收单元根据媒体处理单元携带的信息进行加快处理，其处理方式有：媒 体帧间隔处理方式、快进方式以及快速解码方式等三种，这里仅仅举例其中的任意三种， 但是不限于这三种方式。 第 一种 方 式 ： 媒体 帧 间 隔 处理方式 ， 例 如 下 列 媒体流 ：
7P28B29B30P31... B60 P61 B62 B63 P64 B65 B66... " 对于本实例而言， 若媒体流的发送速率为正常组播流的 1. 3倍， 帧的延迟数目为
60帧（帧延迟时间为 2秒），媒体帧处理间隔为 15帧（媒体流的发送速率倍数要大于媒 体帧处理间隔， 否则没法进行媒体快速处理。也就是说一媒体帧处理间隔 / (媒体帧处理 间隔-) < 媒体流的发送速率， 本实例中 1. 3 > 15 / 14 ) , 帧速率（frames per s econd, FPS) = 30时。 媒体接收单元以 30的帧速率进行播放， 用 15帧跳跃一帧方式来实现， 也就是说当媒体接收单元播放完的 B14帧后， 不是播放第 P15帧， 而是直接播放第 B16 帧， 以此类推， 30帧就少播放 2帧， 900帧就少播 60帧， 也就是达到了帧延迟数目 60， 也就是说 30秒（900帧）就少播放 2秒的时间， 达到了帧延迟时间。这样， 媒体接收单 元 104就在 30— 2 = 28秒内和其它用户收看相同的媒体画面。 媒体接收单元在进行减小不同用户间的媒体延处理， 可以在收到组播流之前完成， 也可以在收到组播流之后完成，这种媒体追赶的方式取决于减小用户间媒体延迟的信息 的获得。 第二种方式为： 快进方式， 具体描述为： 媒体接收单元根据减小用户间媒体延迟的 信息对收到的媒体业务流进行媒体快进处理， 进行媒体追赶。对于本实例而言， 若媒体 流的发送速率为正常组播流的 1. 3倍， 帧的延迟数目为 60帧（帧延迟时间为 2秒）， 媒 体帧处理间隔为 16帧， 帧速率 FPS = 32。 其中媒体帧处理间隔也在这种方式下可以称为媒体帧快进间隔，例如媒体帧处理间 隔为 16帧， 表示播放 16帧的媒体流的时间（16/30=0. 533s )， 实际上用播放 15帧的时 间 （0. 5s) 来播完 16帧。 播 30帧的时间就能播 32帧， 也就是说这时的帧速率为 32。 只需要播 900帧的时间（30s)就播放 960帧（正常情况下需要 32s )，加快了 60帧的播放 时间（2s)， 这样， 媒体接收单元 104就在 32— 2 = 30秒内和其它用户收看相同的媒体画 面。 第三种方式为： 快速解码方式， 具体描述为： 快速解码的方式主要是收到媒体业务流后对媒体进行快速解码， 但是不立刻显示， 直到过了媒体显示开始帧数目或一个确定时刻进行显示。例如下图情况， 媒体帧的延迟 数目为 10， 但是媒体显示开始帧数目应该不大于媒体帧的延迟数目， 它的大小在 （1一 10之间）， 如果所述媒体帧的延迟数目为 5， 表明媒体接收单元解码解到 B5帧的之后才 能进行显示， 在此之前都对媒体帧进行快速解码， 由于解码的速率远远大于媒体显示速 率， 这样就可以减小不同用户间的显示延迟。 本发明实施例提供一种频道切换的方法，通过媒体处理单元接收从媒体接收单元发 送的媒体切换请求； 根据所述媒体切换请求， 发送响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒 体流给媒体接收单元，所述响应消息包括：用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 其中所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或帧延迟 时间，使得所述媒体接收单元根据接收的减小媒体延迟信息的消息对所述第二媒体业务 的媒体流进行媒体加快处理， 提高了媒体流切换的效率， 降低了不同用户媒体显示延迟 之间的差异， 改善了用户的体验程度。 如图 6所示， 本发明实施例中的一种减小媒体延迟的设备结构图， 包括： 第一接收模块 602，用于接收从媒体接收单元发送的从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒 体业务的媒体切换请求； 通知模块 604， 用于根根据所述媒体切换请求， 发送响应消息以及所述第二媒体业 务的媒体流给媒体接收单元， 所述响应消息包括： 用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟 的信息， 其中所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 / 或帧延迟时间，使得所述媒体接收单元根据接收的减小媒体延迟信息的消息对所述第二 媒体业务的媒体流进行媒体加快处理。 其中， 所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息还包括： 帧速率、媒体业务 流的发送速率或发送速率倍数、 帧丢弃或帧跳跃间隔数目的任意一种或几种信息的组 合。 具体，媒体帧的延迟数目表示媒体帧延迟距离，或者为媒体帧延迟距离加上媒体接 收单元本身的媒体播放帧延迟 （如图 4所示） 之和。 媒体帧的延迟时间表示媒体时间延迟距离，或者为媒体时间延迟距离加上媒体接收 单元本身的媒体播放时间延迟 （如图 4所示） 之和。 媒体帧延迟距离为将要开始接收的媒体流的帧和它正在请求的媒体流帧序列位置 之间的帧延迟距离。 媒体时间延迟距离是媒体接收单元播放这些 "媒体帧的延迟数目" 的正常播放时间。 所述帧速率表示收到该媒体业务流后的播放速率；所述媒体业务流的发送速率或发 送速率倍数表示正在发送媒体业务流的发送速率或者大于正常流的速率倍数；所述帧丢 弃或帧跳跃的间隔数目， 即为媒体处理单元推荐的媒体接收单元在媒体显示时进行帧丢 弃或帧跳跃的间隔数目， 具体表示每隔一定数目的帧跳跃一帧的方式进行播放（具体解 释请参见对图 3实施例的讲解， 这里不再赘述）。 所述设备还包括： 第一发送模块 606，用于以单播或组播方式快速发送缓存的所述第二媒体业务的媒 体流给所述媒体接收单元。 该减小媒体延迟的设备可以为媒体处理单元，但不限于该媒体处理单元，只要用于 对每个媒体业务的实时组播媒体流进行缓存， 并接收该媒体接收单元发送的请求消息， 根据所述请求消息进行相应的处理的网络设备都可以。 当媒体接收单元进行媒体业务切换时， 向网络缓存单元发起媒体切换请求，所述请 求中包括请求的频道信息。 该请求可以使用 RTCP协议， 也可以使用 RTCP扩展协议， 也 可以采用其它协议或专有信令。 其中，所述从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务还包括媒体接收单元第一次请求媒 体业务的情况， 例如： 媒体接收单元开机时， 第一次请求获得需要的媒体业务， 则此时 媒体切换请求中的没有第一媒体业务。 所述切换请求中还可以包括指示信息， 用于指示 媒体处理单元返回减小媒体延迟的信息， 也可以不包括该指示信息， 由媒体处理单元根 据接收的消息进行反馈， 所述媒体切换请求可以通过扩展 RTCP消息实现。 本发明实施例提供一种减小媒体延迟的设备，通过媒体处理单元接收从媒体接收单 元发送的媒体切换请求； 根据所述媒体切换请求， 发送响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务 的媒体流给媒体接收单元， 所述响应消息包括： 用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的 信息， 其中所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或 帧延迟时间，使得所述媒体接收单元根据接收的减小媒体延迟信息的消息对所述第二媒 体业务的媒体流进行媒体加快处理， 提高了媒体流切换的效率， 降低了不同用户媒体显 示延迟之间的差异， 改善了用户的体验程度。 如图 7所示， 本发明实施例中的另一种减小媒体延迟的设备结构图， 包括： 第二发送模块 702，用于发送从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务的媒体切换请求 给媒体处理单元； 第二接收模块 704，用于接收所述媒体处理单元返回的响应消息以及所述第二媒体 业务的媒体流， 其中所述响应消息中携带了用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信 息， 所述信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或帧延迟时间； 处理模块 706， 用于根据所述响应消息中携带的所述减小媒体延迟的信息， 对所述 第二媒体业务的媒体流进行加快处理。 所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息还包括：帧速率、媒体流的发送速 率或发送速率倍数、 帧丢弃或跳跃的间隔数目的任意一种或几种信息的组合。
具体，媒体帧的延迟数目表示其将要开始接收的媒体流的帧和它正在请求的媒体流 帧序列位置之间的延迟距离； 媒体帧的延迟时间， 表示媒体接收单元播放这些"媒体帧 的延迟数目"的正常播放时间。 所述帧速率表示收到该媒体业务流后的播放速率；所述媒体业务流的发送速率或发 送速率倍数表示正在发送媒体业务流的发送速率或者大于正常流的速率倍数；所述帧丢 弃或帧跳跃的间隔数目，即为媒体处理单元推荐的媒体接收单元在媒体显示时进行帧丢 弃或帧跳跃的间隔数目， 具体表示每隔一定数目的帧跳跃一帧的方式进行播放。 其中，所述媒体切换请求中还包括指示信息，用于指示媒体处理单元返回减小媒体 延迟的信息， 其中， 所述媒体切换请求通过扩展 RTCP消息实现。 所述减小媒体延迟的设备可以为媒体接收单元， 但不限于所述媒体接收单元设备， 凡是为用户收视媒体业务及发起切换请求的终端设备都可以， 如机顶盒， 计算机， 媒体 手机等等， 媒体接收单元的媒体切换请求可以是由用户操作遥控器或其它软件、硬件终 端等触发。 本发明实施例提供一种减小媒体延迟的设备，通过发送媒体切换请求给媒体处理单 元，请求从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务；接收所述媒体处理单元返回的响应消息， 其中所述响应消息中携带了用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 所述信息包 括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或帧延迟时间； 根据所述响应消息中携带的所述信息， 对所述媒 体处理单元发送的缓存的第二频道的媒体业务流进行加快处理，提高了媒体流切换的效 率， 降低了不同用户媒体显示延迟之间的差异， 改善了用户的体验程度。。 需要强调的是，本发明实施例中的一种减小媒体延迟的设备并不构成对本发明技术 方案的限定， 具有实现减小媒体延迟的装置可以为媒体处理单元或者媒体接收单元， 但 不限于媒体处理单元或者媒体接收单元，还包括位于其他网络位置的设备或者内置于网 络节点中， 其实现功能与上述描述的功能相同。 如图 8所示， 为本发明实施例中的一种减小媒体延迟系统结构图， 包括： 媒体处理单元 802，用于接收从媒体接收单元发送的从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒 体业务的媒体切换请求； 根据所述媒体切换请求， 发送响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务 的媒体流给媒体接收单元， 所述响应消息包括： 用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的 信息， 其中所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或 帧延迟时间，使得所述媒体接收单元根据接收的减小媒体延迟信息的消息对所述第二媒 体业务的媒体流进行媒体加快处理； 媒体接收单元 804，用于发送从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务的媒体切换请求 给媒体处理单元；接收所述媒体处理单元返回的响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒体 流， 根据所述响应消息中携带的所述减小媒体延迟的信息， 对所述第二媒体业务的媒体 流进行加快处理。 其中，所述从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务还包括媒体接收单元第一次请求媒 体业务的情况， 例如： 媒体接收单元开机时， 第一次请求获得需要的媒体业务， 则此时 媒体切换请求中的没有第一媒体业务。 所述切换请求中还可以包括指示信息， 用于指示 媒体处理单元返回减小媒体延迟的信息， 也可以不包括该指示信息， 由媒体处理单元根 据接收的消息进行反馈。 所述媒体处理单元还用于发送缓存的所述第二媒体业务的媒体业务流给所述媒体 接收单元。 所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息还包括：： 帧速率、 发送速率或发 送速率倍数、 帧丢弃或帧跳跃间隔数目的任意一种或几种信息的组合。 其中， 所述媒体处理单元， 为接收媒体业务切换请求的媒体网络处理设备， 如中间 网络单元， 重发服务器、 媒体服务器等。 所述媒体接收单元， 为用户收视媒体业务及发起切换请求的终端设备， 如机顶盒， 计算机， 媒体手机等等， 媒体接收单元的媒体切换请求可以是由用户操作遥控器或其它 软件、 硬件终端等触发。 本发明实施例提供一种减小媒体时延的系统，通过媒体处理单元与媒体接收单元的 交互， 媒体处理单元根据所述媒体切换请求， 发送响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒 体流给媒体接收单元，所述响应消息包括：用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 使得所述媒体接收单元根据接收的减小媒体延迟信息的消息对所述第二媒体业务的媒 体流进行媒体加快处理， 减小了媒体流画面的时延， 降低了不同用户媒体显示延迟之间 的差异， 改善了用户的体验程度。 通过以上的实施方式的描述，本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本发明可借助软 件加必需的通用硬件平台的方式来或通过硬件来实现， 基于这样的理解， 本发明的技术 方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算 机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中， 包括若干指令用以使一台终端设备 （可以是手机， 个人计算机， 服务器， 或者网络设备等） 执行本发明各个实施例所述的方法。
以上所述， 仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式， 但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此， 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内， 可轻易想到的变化或替 换， 都应该涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此， 本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的 保护范围为准。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种减小媒体延迟的方法， 其特征在于， 包括： 接收从媒体接收单元发送的从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务的媒体切换请求; 根据所述媒体切换请求，发送响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒体流给媒体接收 单元， 所述响应消息包括： 用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 其中所述用于 所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或帧延迟时间， 使得所 述媒体接收单元根据接收的减小媒体延迟信息对所述第二媒体业务的媒体流进行媒体 加快处理。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒 体延迟的信息还包括： 帧速率、 媒体业务流的发送速率或发送速率倍数、 帧丢弃或帧跳 跃间隔数目的任意一种或几种信息的组合。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法还包括： 以单播或组播方式快速发送所述第二媒体业务的媒体流给所述媒体接收单元。
4、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述媒体切换请求中还包括指示信 息， 用于指示媒体处理单元返回减小媒体延迟的信息。
5、 一种减小媒体延迟的方法， 其特征在于， 包括： 发送从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务的媒体切换请求给媒体处理单元； 接收所述媒体处理单元返回的响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒体流，其中所述 响应消息中携带了用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 所述信息包括： 帧延迟 数目， 和 /或帧延迟时间； 根据所述响应消息中携带的所述减小媒体延迟的信息，对所述第二媒体业务的媒体 流进行加快处理。
6、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒 体延迟的信息还包括： 帧速率、 媒体流的发送速率或发送速率倍数、 帧丢弃或帧跳跃的 间隔数目的任意一种或几种信息的组合。
7、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述对所述第二媒体业务的媒体流 进行加快处理具体包括： 通过对媒体帧间隔处理播放、对媒体帧快进播放以及对媒体帧快速解码的任意一种 或几种的组合方式加快播放所述第二媒体业务的媒体流。
8、 根据权利要求 5所述的方法， 其特征在于， 所述媒体切换请求中还包括指示信 息， 用于指示媒体处理单元返回减小媒体延迟的信息。
9、 一种减小媒体延迟的设备， 其特征在于， 包括： 第一接收模块，用于接收从媒体接收单元发送的从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业 务的媒体切换请求； 通知模块，用于根据所述媒体切换请求，发送响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒 体流给媒体接收单元，所述响应消息包括：用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 其中所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或帧延迟 时间，使得所述媒体接收单元根据接收的减小媒体延迟信息的消息对所述第二媒体业务 的媒体流进行媒体加快处理。
10、根据权利要求 9所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒 体延迟的信息还包括： 帧速率、 媒体业务流的发送速率或发送速率倍数、 帧丢弃或帧跳 跃间隔数目的任意一种或几种信息的组合。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述设备还包括： 第一发送模块，用于以单播或组播方式快速发送所述第二媒体业务的媒体流给所述 媒体接收单元。
12、根据权利要求 9所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述媒体切换请求中还包括指示信 息， 用于指示媒体处理单元返回减小媒体延迟的信息。
13、 一种减小媒体延迟的设备， 其特征在于， 包括： 第二发送模块，用于发送从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务的媒体切换请求给媒 体处理单元； 第二接收模块，用于接收所述媒体处理单元返回的响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务 的媒体流， 其中所述响应消息中携带了用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 所 述信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或帧延迟时间； 处理模块，用于根据所述响应消息中携带的所述减小媒体延迟的信息，对所述第二 媒体业务的媒体流进行加快处理。
14、 根据权利要求 13所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小 媒体延迟的信息还包括： 帧速率、 媒体流的发送速率或发送速率倍数、 帧丢弃或帧跳跃 的间隔数目的任意一种或几种信息的组合。
15、 根据权利要求 13所述的设备， 其特征在于， 所述媒体切换请求中还包括指示 信息， 用于指示媒体处理单元返回减小媒体延迟的信息。
16、 一种减小媒体延迟的系统， 其特征在于， 包括： 媒体处理单元，用于接收从媒体接收单元发送的从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业 务的媒体切换请求； 根据所述媒体切换请求， 发送响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒 体流给媒体接收单元，所述响应消息包括：用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息， 其中所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小媒体延迟的信息包括： 帧延迟数目， 和 /或帧延迟 时间，使得所述媒体接收单元根据接收的减小媒体延迟信息的消息对所述第二媒体业务 的媒体流进行媒体加快处理； 媒体接收单元，用于发送从第一媒体业务切换到第二媒体业务的媒体切换请求给媒 体处理单元； 接收所述媒体处理单元返回的响应消息以及所述第二媒体业务的媒体流， 根据所述响应消息中携带的所述减小媒体延迟的信息，对所述第二媒体业务的媒体流进 行加快处理。
17、 根据权利要求 16所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述用于所述媒体接收单元减小 媒体延迟的信息还包括： 帧速率、 媒体业务流的发送速率或发送速率倍数、 帧丢弃或帧 跳跃间隔数目的任意一种或几种信息的组合。
PCT/CN2010/074110 2009-06-30 2010-06-19 一种减小媒体延迟的方法、设备及系统 WO2011000270A1 (zh)

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