WO2010139813A1 - Composition d'une matière graphitique et procédé d'activation et de conversion d'une matière graphitique en une matière adsorbante de charbon actif pour l'élimination de gaz contaminants - Google Patents

Composition d'une matière graphitique et procédé d'activation et de conversion d'une matière graphitique en une matière adsorbante de charbon actif pour l'élimination de gaz contaminants Download PDF

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WO2010139813A1
WO2010139813A1 PCT/ES2009/070196 ES2009070196W WO2010139813A1 WO 2010139813 A1 WO2010139813 A1 WO 2010139813A1 ES 2009070196 W ES2009070196 W ES 2009070196W WO 2010139813 A1 WO2010139813 A1 WO 2010139813A1
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composition
graphite
adsorbent material
cylinders
preparation
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PCT/ES2009/070196
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Spanish (es)
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Pedro Romera Lorca
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Desarrollos Tecnicos Mc, S.L.
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Priority to PCT/ES2009/070196 priority Critical patent/WO2010139813A1/fr
Publication of WO2010139813A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010139813A1/fr

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/04—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising compounds of alkali metals, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
    • B01J20/043—Carbonates or bicarbonates, e.g. limestone, dolomite, aragonite
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/12—Naturally occurring clays or bleaching earth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/16—Alumino-silicates
    • B01J20/18—Synthetic zeolitic molecular sieves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28016—Particle form
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28014—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their form
    • B01J20/28016—Particle form
    • B01J20/28021—Hollow particles, e.g. hollow spheres, microspheres or cenospheres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3007—Moulding, shaping or extruding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3014—Kneading
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3078—Thermal treatment, e.g. calcining or pyrolizing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00—Reactants
    • B01D2251/40—Alkaline earth metal or magnesium compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/106—Silica or silicates
    • B01D2253/108—Zeolites
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/206—Organic halogen compounds
    • B01D2257/2064—Chlorine
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/30—Sulfur compounds
    • B01D2257/302—Sulfur oxides
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40—Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/404—Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/502—Carbon monoxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/50—Carbon oxides
    • B01D2257/504—Carbon dioxide
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00—Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/60—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J2220/00—Aspects relating to sorbent materials
    • B01J2220/40—Aspects relating to the composition of sorbent or filter aid materials
    • B01J2220/42—Materials comprising a mixture of inorganic materials
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02C—CAPTURE, STORAGE, SEQUESTRATION OR DISPOSAL OF GREENHOUSE GASES [GHG]
    • Y02C20/00—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases
    • Y02C20/40—Capture or disposal of greenhouse gases of CO2

Definitions

  • the present invention describes a graphite composition and a method of activating and converting a graphite material to obtain an active carbon adsorbent composition using as a starting point graphite and natural silicates of fibrous structure from clays or other components , in particular bentonite, sepiolite, attapulgite, zeolites, also calcareous algae or carbonates of alkaline or alkaline earth metals, where said product is applied in the elimination of gases and contaminating liquids such as: CO, CO 2 , NO 2 , SO 2 , metals heavy, NO x , SOx dioxins, furans, contaminated water, etc.
  • gases and contaminating liquids such as: CO, CO 2 , NO 2 , SO 2 , metals heavy, NO x , SOx dioxins, furans, contaminated water, etc.
  • Active carbons are components of biological origin, formed mostly of carbon, which are prepared by processes that impart a porous structure, so that their most important property is their high adsorption capacity due to a greater surface area and its great adsorption capacity, in fact it is used in greater proportion for the elimination of impurities in chemical synthesis, because it is an inert material, its use is also known in the elimination of pigments, odors flavors in liquids, in particular Ia development of filters to remove impurities of the water. In the purification of gases or recovery of vapors its application is well known.
  • the active carbons consist of elementary crystals of dimensions similar to those of graphite and arranged in parallel sheets of hexagonally arranged carbon atoms. Its difference with graphite is that the parallel planes are not perfectly arranged with respect to their perpendicular axis, so that their microporous structure is due to the spaces between sheets and defects between the microcrystals.
  • clays that have plastic properties are known, that is to say, that they are sufficiently wet, they are deformable when a slight pressure is applied maintaining the shape and that they become rigid in drying and vitreous when subjected to high temperatures.
  • they are hydrated natural phyllosilicates of aluminum, magnesium, iron and other less abundant elements, which in some cases contain alumina and often quartz and other natural components and rocks. They are composed of small particles or crystals, generally of colloidal size, which give rise to materials of great surface development with capacity for both physical adsorption and chemical interaction.
  • These small particles in general, are configured as a set of lamellae or microplates although they can also occur in fibrous structures, such as attapulgite and sepiolite. This fibrous structure gives the aforementioned materials certain properties that are not observed in clays configured by lamellae.
  • Sepiolite is found in nature mainly in two ways: ⁇ - sepiolite or parasepiolite that appears as large beams or sheaves of crystalline fibers and P-sepiolite that takes the form of amorphous aggregates, small rounded sheets or rods.
  • sepiolite can adopt several macroscopic aspects (compact, spongy, fibrous, etc.).
  • the shape of the sepiolite is very important in relation to its possible applications. Take as an example the US patent 4,266. 672 where a procedure is described for the cracking of hydrocarbons with a catalyst containing sepiolite whose configuration must inexcusably be in the form of rods to achieve the desired catalytic action.
  • Sepiolite is a naturally occurring hydrated magnesium silicate for which various structural formulas have been proposed, starting from the formula better known as Sh 2 Mg 8 O 3 O (OH) 4 -SH 2 O with stoichiometric variations in number of protons, surface hydroxyl groups and water crystallization molecules depending on their origin and subsequent purification treatments.
  • the conformed or pieces (granules, tablets, etc.) oppose the minimum resistance to the passage through the fluid to be treated and have a high resistance to rupture and abrasion that prolongs its useful life.
  • the material is arranged in parallel sheets or plates, or preferably it is formed in structures perforated along the longitudinal axis by multiple parallel channels that are called monoliths.
  • the pressure drop or pressure drop that causes the passage of gases through the adsorbent formed in this way is two or three orders of magnitude lower than that which occurs when conventional bedding of particles is used, see for example De Luca , JP and Campbell, LE Adv. Mat. Cat, 293 (1977).
  • These structures have their greatest application in the catalytic converters of gasoline cars, although their use has been extended in recent years to other industrial applications and especially to the design and operation of adsorption units.
  • the binders are bentonite and cellulose and in US 5,356. 852 are celluloses and polyvinyl alcohol; in US 5,215. 690 a mixture of carbon, cellulose and furfuryl alcohol is used, which is formed as a monolith and subsequently activated at high temperature.
  • the current state of the art contemplates three procedures for preparing monoliths of adsorbent material, all of them based on activated carbon: a) the forming of activated carbon powder is carried out with the help of organic or inorganic binders; b) the monolith is prepared from precursors of activated carbon previously formed; c) activated carbon is deposited on previously configured structures.
  • the material obtained maintains the microporous structure of activated carbon (pore diameter between 0 and 2 nm) and, therefore, has severe limitations for the dynamic adsorption of compounds whose molecular volume is relatively large.
  • Each sheet of graphite is electrically neutral and is connected to the immediate two by Van der Waals forces. This makes exfoliation according to planes parallel to the sheets easy. Since they are not directed forces, the graphite sheets can move with each other, so it is unctuous to the touch
  • the graphite is resistant to chemical attack, but it can form compounds by partial transfer of the electrons of the conduction band to the atoms of the reactant molecule or vice versa; It can also form links with sp 3 orbitals by means of the corresponding modification of the sheets.
  • an active carbon consists of elementary microcrystals in which the hexagonal planes are not well oriented, but displaced some with respect to others and overlapping each other, so that they present a high percentage of the highly disordered structure. In fact the folding of hexagonal sheets occurs leaving gaps of very different size
  • the activation process that involves the disappearance of carbon, causes a large number of pores to form, which leads to the internal surface (due to the pore walls) being very high in comparison with the external or geometric surface.
  • the carbonization process it is possible to obtain a specific low surface carbon, because in this process what is done is to eliminate elements such as oxygen and hydrogen, by decomposing the starting material in an inert atmosphere (nitrogen, usually).
  • an inert atmosphere nitrogen, usually
  • activation a process known as activation.
  • the activating agent is usually, in general, water vapor or carbon dioxide. In this process two different stages can be considered: a first one, in which all the disorganized material is burned, and a second one, in which the pores that were initially closed or blocked are opened.
  • the plastic and textural properties of natural silicates of fibrous structure or calcareous algae or diatoms or carbonates of alkaline or alkaline earth metals or a mixture thereof and the properties of graphite are combined to develop a product with the same microporous properties of activated carbons, in order to obtain micro, meso and macroporous materials of high surface performance, high mechanical strength and easily conformable, since activated carbon (like other carbons considered amorphous) has a structure microcrystalline that, depending on the conditions of preparation, resembles, to a greater or lesser extent, that of graphite and that receives the general name of "turbostrática" structure, essentially the desired result is obtained by the addition of natural silicates, calcareous algae, alkaline earth metal carbonates, diatoms or a mixture of them, further increasing their mechanical capabilities, under certain temperature conditions.
  • Another object of the present invention is a process that allows the manufacture of a material that can be used in the adsorption of polluting gases such as: CO, CO2, NO2, SO2, heavy metals, NO x , SO x dioxins, furans, etc. .
  • polluting gases such as: CO, CO2, NO2, SO2, heavy metals, NO x , SO x dioxins, furans, etc.
  • the object of the invention is to obtain a material that has the ability to adsorb as activated carbon and at the same time has high surface performance, resistant to breakage and abrasion and easily conformable, by integrating the properties of silicates of fibrous structures or of calcareous algae or diatoms or carbonates of alkaline or alkaline earth metals or a mixture thereof and the crystalline properties of graphite.
  • the surface available for adsorption depends on the size of the adsorbate molecule and of the pore diameter of the adsorbent material; if it is intended to adsorb large molecules it is of greater interest to have adsorbents with adequate pore diameter.
  • the intimate mixture of the aforementioned components has a double effect: a) results in materials that have a slight increase in specific surface area and a greater volume of meso and macropores when compared with the values that would correspond to the starting products taking count your percentages in the mixture; b) the activated carbon integrated in the mass limits the reduction in volume that normally occurs when a wet piece of the silicate is subjected to drying and subsequent heat treatment.
  • any natural silicate from clays or other components can be used, in particular bentonite, sepiolite, attapulgite, zeolites, a similar result is also obtained with calcareous algae or diatoms or carbonates of alkaline or alkaline earth metals, although the natural silicate of structure Fibrous preferably used is Ia-sepiolite in a compact form, whose typical impurity content is as follows: AI2O3: 2.6%; Fe 2 Ü3: 0.3%; K 2 O: 0.6%; CaO: 0.9%; Na 2 O: 0.1%, but other natural silicates can be used with quite similar results.
  • natural silicate, calcareous algae or carbonate are preferably mixed dry and homogeneously of alkaline or alkaline earth metals or a mixture of them with graphite, where the minimum proportion of graphite is 20% and the maximum is 90% of the total weight of the resulting mixture; subsequently, said mixture is kneaded with water in a high shear kneader.
  • the elementary acicular particles of silicate are normally found forming beams.
  • the space between the beams widens, housing solvent molecules inside, mainly due to hydrogen bonds between the surface silanole groups and the molecules of the solvent
  • this dough incorporates them with great ease, producing the intimate mixing of both compounds and giving rise to a new mass with superior rheological properties from the point of view of its conformation
  • the new dough obtained after kneading is molded or extruded to obtain the desired shapes, which can be shaped as granules, pellets, spheres, hollow cylinders, plates or in parallel channel structures along the longitudinal axis, the conformation is preferably as hollow cylinders , of the "macaroni" type smooth, striated, straight, curved, regular or irregular cut, in any shape and size, this can have a length of approximately 0.4 cm to approximately 10 cm and the thickness of the wall can be between 0.03 to 0.5 cm
  • this new mass is arranged in parallel sheets or plates or preferably it is formed in structures perforated by parallel channels along its longitudinal axis-monoliths-materials with high surface performance and highly resistant to abrasion are obtained, which allow the treatment of large volumes of gases with minimal pressure losses.
  • these materials can be subjected to high temperature heat treatments in an air atmosphere to remove activated carbon by combustion and thus obtain ceramic structures of controlled porosity.
  • the activation and conversion process of the graphite mixture to prepare the defined adsorbent composition will have the following operational steps:
  • the new dough obtained after kneading is molded or extruded to obtain the desired shapes, which can be shaped as granules, pellets, spheres, hollow cylinders, plates or in parallel channel structures along the longitudinal axis, the conformation is preferably as hollow cylinders, of the smooth, striated, straight, curved "macaroni" type, of regular or irregular cut
  • the resulting adsorbent product will be composed of natural fibrous silicates of clay, in particular bentonite, sepiolite, attapulgite, zeolites or calcareous algae or diatoms or carbonates of alkaline or alkaline earth metals or a mixture thereof according to the initial combination and an active carbon from Ia activation and conversion of the initial graphite in the mixture.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne une composition de graphite et un procédé d'activation et de conversion d'une matière graphitique en vue de l'obtention d'une composition adsorbante de charbon actif, consistant au départ à utiliser du graphite et des silicates naturels de structure fibreuse provenant d'argiles ou d'autres matières telles que, notamment, de la bentonite, de la sépiolite, de l'attapulgite, des zéolithes ou des algues calcaires ou des carbonates de métaux alcalins ou alcalino-terreux, ledit produit trouvant une application dans l'élimination de gaz et de liquides contaminants tels que le CO, le CO2, le NO2, le SO2, les métaux lourds, le NOx, le SOx, les dioxines, les furannes, l'eau contaminée, etc.
PCT/ES2009/070196 2009-06-02 2009-06-02 Composition d'une matière graphitique et procédé d'activation et de conversion d'une matière graphitique en une matière adsorbante de charbon actif pour l'élimination de gaz contaminants WO2010139813A1 (fr)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4518704A (en) * 1980-12-08 1985-05-21 Kyoto Ceramic Kabushiki Kaisha Activated carbon formed body and method of producing the same
US4677086A (en) * 1984-05-18 1987-06-30 Westvaco Corporation Shaped wood-based active carbon
CN1230457A (zh) * 1998-03-27 1999-10-06 云南大学 以碳素为基体的固相微萃取吸附质
ES2315179A1 (es) * 2007-06-22 2009-03-16 Jesus Blanco Alvarez Una composicion absorbente que contiene - sepiolita, ensatatita o sus mezclas, metodo de obtencion y uso.

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