WO2010133391A1

WO2010133391A1 - Brush holder with modular base body, electric machine and mounting method

Info

Publication number: WO2010133391A1
Application number: PCT/EP2010/053834
Authority: WO
Inventors: Juergen Herp; Tarek Mili; Stephan Scheurich
Original assignee: Robert Bosch Gmbh
Priority date: 2009-05-20
Filing date: 2010-03-24
Publication date: 2010-11-25
Also published as: DE102009003267A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a brush holder (11) for an electric machine (1), comprising a base body (12) for carrying sliding contacts (17). According to the invention, the base body (12) is formed from at least two part bodies (13, 14). The invention further relates to an electric machine (1) and a mounting method for an electric machine (1).

Description

description

Brush holder with modular base, electric machine and assembly process

State of the art

The invention relates to a brush holder for an electric machine according to the preamble of claim 1, an electric machine with such a brush holder according to claim 8 and a method for mounting an electric machine according to the preamble of claim 1.

Known electrical machines, in particular electrical machines used in motor vehicle adjusting drives, comprise a brush holder with a one-part body designed as a plastic injection molded part for supporting or holding sliding contacts, electrical connection lines and electrical and / or electronic components, in particular for electromagnetic interference suppression. For every new application, a completely new brush holder (sliding contact holder) has been developed so far. This results in a high development effort and a high tool cost, because for each new

Brush holder and a new injection mold for injection molding of the body must be realized.

In addition, the comparatively complicated mounting known brush holder is disadvantageous, as this axially on the associated machine shaft, in particular a

Motor shaft, which makes it necessary to raise the sliding contacts (brushes) to the average blade level of the commutator, which often results in damage to the components of the electric machine. Disclosure of the invention

The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a brush holder, which is easy to install on the one hand and on the other with only minor modifications for different applications. Moreover, the object is to provide an electric machine with a brush holder optimized as described above, in particular for an adjusting drive, in a motor vehicle. In addition, the object is to provide a simplified assembly method for such a brush holder.

This object is achieved in terms of the brush holder with the features of claim 1, with respect to the electrical machine with the features of claim 8 and with respect to the assembly method with the features of claim 1. 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the subclaims. All combinations of at least two features disclosed in the description, the claims and / or the figures fall within the scope of the invention. In order to avoid repetition, features disclosed according to the method should be regarded as disclosed in accordance with the device and should be able to be claimed. Likewise, devices disclosed according to the device should be regarded as disclosed according to the method and be able to be claimed.

The invention is based on the idea of forming the one-piece main body in several parts, ie of at least two, preferably each formed as a plastic injection molded part parts, of which at least one carries at least one sliding contact. A multi-part construction of the brush holder, which preferably has a central passage opening for the machine shaft, makes it possible to provide as a partial body of the basic body a standard component which is equipped with electrical components which are used in each electric machine, preferably in each adjusting drive, in particular for motor vehicle applications to be needed. It is particularly preferred if this standard component (partial body) takes over the function of positioning the brush body in the electric machine, preferably in the adjustment, so has positioning means. Furthermore, the standard component is preferably equipped with a further component which is designed as a removable component. formed part body combined, the application is specifically equipped, ie only carries the electrical components that are needed for the particular desired functionality. Thus, it is possible to add an identical standard component with, for example, three different interchangeable components in each case to a basic body, wherein one of the interchangeable components can be configured, for example, for a rear window wiper drive, another interchangeable component for a window regulator drive and another interchangeable component for a seat adjustment. By providing different removable components (partial bodies), the variance of the total brush holder (total brush holder) can be reduced, since no longer a complete body for each application made individually, but only a corresponding removable component (part of the body) must be realized. As a result, the production costs, in particular by reducing the cost of tools, can be minimized. Overall, the flexibility in terms of the variety of variants of the brush holder is significantly increased.

In a further development of the invention is provided with advantage that the at least two part-body are formed cup-shaped, i. each partially delimit a central passage opening for a machine shaft. In this way, the part body, as will be explained later, be mounted in the radial direction and it is no longer, as in the prior art, necessary to push the entire body axially over a machine shaft, in particular a motor shaft. For radial mounting, the sliding contacts do not need to be axially guided over any interfering factors already mounted on the machine shaft. The described assembly concept can reduce component damage to a minimum.

It is particularly preferred if the sum of the subshells extends over a circumferential angle of 360 ° around the passage opening around, so that there is a closed circular ring.

In principle, it is possible that the shells each extend over equally large circumferential angles around the passage opening for the machine shaft, preferably over in each case 180 °. In such an embodiment an identical formation of the shells possible, whereby the manufacturing costs and tooling costs can be further reduced.

In an alternative embodiment, the shells extend over different circumferential angles, preferably once over 270 ° and once over 90 °, whereby alternative circumferential angle relationships can also be realized.

In particular, when the part bodies are subdivided into at least one, preferably only one, standard body (standard component) and at least one, in particular exclusively, application-specific exchangeable body (interchangeable component), an embodiment is preferred in which the two body parts have a different number and / or differently configured, preferably electrical and / or electronic components are equipped, wherein the exchangeable body preferably carries only the application-specific components and the standard body required for a variety of applications components. At least one of the at least two, preferably only two, partial bodies, preferably both partial bodies, preferably carries at least one sliding contact receiving device and / or at least one mass spring and / or at least one capacitor and / or at least one choke and / or at least one varistor and / or at least one Sensor, for example, a Hall sensor and / or at least one electrical resistance. The specific equipping of the individual part bodies depends on the particular application, and it is particularly preferred if the standard body carries all carbon brushes and the associated springs for pressing the carbon brushes onto a commutator. If necessary, can

Standard body also be provided EMC chokes. Advantageously, the EMC class of the electrical machine is determined by a corresponding specific (individual) assembly of the exchangeable body with corresponding components, such as capacitors and / or diodes.

In principle, it is possible that the body parts forming the main body are held on the housing of an electric machine equipped with such a brush holder. Additionally or alternatively, it is preferable to connect the at least two, preferably only two, partial bodies in a positive and / or non-positive manner. Preferably, a snap hook connection and / or a screw connection and / or a insulation displacement connection are realized for the assembly process.

It is particularly expedient if latching means are provided for positively interconnecting the partial bodies, which preferably comprise at least one detent element on one of the partial bodies and at least one corresponding detent receptacle on the respective other partial body. In this case, it is particularly preferred if the latching element comprises two latching arms which are arranged substantially parallel to one another, wherein of course also differently designed latching arms

Locking elements are used. It is particularly expedient if at least part of the latching means are designed as electrical contact with the electrical connection of the two partial bodies or electrical components of the partial bodies. The latching means thus have a dual function - they serve for a mechanical interconnection of the two partial body and on the other for establishing an electrical connection between the respective electrical components of the body part.

It is particularly expedient if, in addition to the abovementioned latching means, at least one retaining lugs / receiving opening combination is preferably provided between the partial bodies, wherein this is preferably exclusively a plug connection and not a latching connection. It is particularly preferred if at least three retaining lugs / receiving opening combinations are provided, even more preferably a total of four retaining lugs are provided with corresponding receiving openings.

The invention also leads to an electric machine, in particular an electric motor, preferably an adjusting drive in a motor vehicle, in particular a window lift drive, a windshield wiper drive or a

Seat adjustment. The electric machine is characterized by a previously described, designed according to the concept of the invention brush holder. The use of such a brush holder according to the invention considerably simplifies the assembly of the electrical machine and minimizes the risk of component damage. In addition, the invention leads to a method for mounting an electrical machine formed as described above, comprising a brush holder formed according to the concept of the invention. The core of the assembly process is not to axially support the brush holder as in the prior art

Postpone machine shaft of the electric machine, but to move in the assembled state, the main body of the brush holder part body in the radial direction relative to each other, so that the main body mounted only directly on the electric machine and axial mounting is avoided is avoided. Due to the realization of radial mounting, the grinding wheels (carbon brushes) do not have to be raised to the diameter level of the commutator. Possible damage to the components is thus prevented. In the case of radial mounting, the sliding contacts do not have to be guided in the axial direction over existing interference contours already mounted on the armature.

It is particularly preferred if the part bodies are fixed to one another, in particular positive and / or non-positive.

In a further development of the invention is advantageously provided that the first two, preferably only two, the body forming part body with different components, in particular differently designed and / or provided in a different number provided, electrical and / or electronic components, are very particularly preferably before fixing the partial body together. As a result, as explained in the foregoing description, a standard basic body part can be realized which can be combined with different alternating body parts in order to design the electric machine in an application-specific manner.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawings.

These show in: 1: designed as an electric motor electric machine for an adjustment in a motor vehicle,

Fig. 2a and

2b shows different views of a first part body of a brush holder main body,

Fig. 3a and

3b: a second partial body of the main body for combination with the partial body shown in Figs. 2a and 2b and

Fig. 4: the two part body in a pre-assembly.

In the figures, like elements and elements having the same function are denoted by the same reference numerals.

1 shows an exploded view of an electric machine 1 (direct current machine) serving as an electric motor for an adjusting drive (not shown). This comprises a housing pot 2 for receiving the actual Motormimik. In the housing pot 2, a bearing 3 for a machine shaft 4 can be accommodated. Furthermore, a spring element 5 and a retaining ring 6 are provided for a multiplicity of permanent magnets 7 distributed over the circumference, radially inside of which a rotationally fixed seated on the machine shaft 4

Anchor package 8 is arranged. Axially to the anchor package 8 includes a likewise non-rotatably mounted on the machine shaft 4, electrically connected to the anchor assembly 8 connected commutator 9, the peripheral blades 10 cooperate with not shown carbon brushes (sliding contacts) of a brush holder 1 1 ken. The brush holder 1 1 comprises a base body 12 made of plastic, the

Wear sliding contacts, electrical connecting cables and electronic components. The base body 12 is composed of a first and a second part body 13, 14, which are each formed as a plastic tip casting. The main body 12 has a central, surrounded by the partial bodies 13, 14 lowing passage opening 15, through which the machine shaft 4 is guided to a bearing 16.

As can be seen from FIG. 1, the two partial bodies 13, 14 are each in the form of a shell, ie. they extend over a circumferential angle of in this embodiment in each case 180 ° around the machine shaft 4 around.

FIGS. 2a and 2b show a first partial body designed as a plastic injection-molded part for forming a main body. The part body 13 carries in the embodiment shown two sliding contacts 17 for contacting the seated on the machine shaft commutator. Further, the partial body 13 carries the electrical component 18, such as a suppression choke. In the exemplary embodiment shown, the first partial body 13 is designed as a standard component for integration in a multiplicity of different electrical machines, whereas the second partial body 14 shown in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b, which is likewise an injection-molded part, is designed application-specifically is, so forms a removable part body. In the embodiment shown, the second partial body 14 also carries sliding contacts 17 and electronic components, the electronic components of the two partial bodies 13, 14 being different.

It can be seen from FIGS. 3 a and 3 b that the first part body 13 extends over a circumferential angle of approximately 270 ° about the passage opening 15 which is partially formed within the first part body 13. The second partial body shown in FIGS. 3 a and 3 b extends approximately over a circumferential angle of 90 ° about the passage opening 15 formed partially in the latter. Together, the partial bodies 13, 14 enclose the passage opening 15 in full, ie. over a circumferential angle of 360 °.

The two partial bodies 13, 14 are designed to form-fit with each other. For this purpose, latching elements 19 extending in the direction of the first part body 13 are provided on the second part body 13, 14 - in particular two - which engage in corresponding catch receptacles 20 in the first part body 13 and can latch within these catch receptacles 20 with corresponding counter catch elements. For example, the locking elements 19 as electrical cal contact connections formed, which connect the two part body 13, 14 electrically conductive with each other. In this case, the latching elements 19 may be designed as insulation displacement connections, which are manufactured in particular as bending punched parts. The electrical contact connection, for example, connect with other electrical contacts for receiving electrical components 18, which may also be formed as an insulation displacement connection.

Further retaining lugs 21 are formed on the second part body 14, which are insertable into corresponding receiving openings 22 in the first part body 13 to form a positive connection. For this purpose, for example, the retaining lugs 21 at four

Corners of an imaginary rectangle arranged, which lies in the sectional plane between the two partial bodies 13, 14. The holding lugs 21 together with the receiving openings 22 form a precisely fitting connection which is independent of the electrical contacting and / or the latching between the two TeN bodies 13, 14. The holding lugs 21 preferably extend in the circumferential direction from an axial sectional area of the cup-shaped part bodies 13, 14, wherein instead of the illustrated four retaining lugs 21, a different number of retaining lugs 21 can be realized.

From Fig. 4 is a possible mounting method for mounting the electrical

Machine 1 clearly, wherein the method step for mounting the brush holder 1 1 is shown. First, in an upstream step, the two body parts 13, 14 are equipped with all the necessary components. Then, the two body parts 13, 14 relative to each other in the radial direction relative to the machine shaft 4 moves toward each other, so that the base body 12 is completed directly in the electric machine 1 by the two body parts 13, 14, here by latching, are fixed to each other , When or in front of the relative to each other moving the body part 13, 14 in the radial direction, the body parts 13, 14 are aligned relative to each other, that the locking projections 19 can retract into the corresponding locking recesses 20 and the

Holding lugs 21 can be accommodated in the receiving openings 22.

The reference numeral 23 denotes the radial mounting direction.

Claims

claims

1 . Brush holder for an electrical machine, comprising a base body for carrying sliding contacts,

characterized,

the basic body (12) is formed by at least two partial bodies (13, 14).

2. Brush holder according to claim 1, characterized in that the partial bodies (13, 14) are designed as shells which extend in the circumferential direction around a central passage opening (15) for a machine shaft (4).

3. brush holder according to claim 2, characterized in that the shells in total extend completely around the machine shaft (4) around.

4. brush holder according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the shells in each case over the same size circumferential angle, preferably of 180 °, respectively.

5. Brush holder according to one of claims 2 or 3, characterized in that the shells over different sized circumferential angle, preferably of 270 ° or 90 °, extend.

6. Brush holder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least two partial bodies (13, 14) are equipped with different, preferably electrical, components (18).

7. Brush holder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least two partial bodies (13, 14) are positively and / or non-positively connected to each other.

8. Brush holder according to claim 7, characterized in that for the positive connection of the partial body (13, 14), preferably designed as an electrical connection, latching means are provided.

9. Brush holder according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the part body (13, 14) at least one retaining lug (21) for insertion into a corresponding with this receiving opening (22) on the respective other part body (13, 14) is provided.

10. Electrical machine with a, preferably arranged axially in front of a pole housing, brush holder (11) according to one of the preceding claims.

1 1. A method for mounting an electric machine (1) according to claim 10,

characterized,

in that the part bodies (13, 14) of the brush holder (11) are joined together radially in relation to a machine shaft (4), the machine shaft (4) being received in a passage opening (15) between them.

12. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the part body (13, 14), preferably before assembly with, preferably different, in particular electrical, components (18) are fitted.