WO2010130857A1 - Bluetooth-controlled access and presence control system comprising the biometric reading of parts of the hand - Google Patents

Bluetooth-controlled access and presence control system comprising the biometric reading of parts of the hand Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010130857A1
WO2010130857A1 PCT/ES2010/070292 ES2010070292W WO2010130857A1 WO 2010130857 A1 WO2010130857 A1 WO 2010130857A1 ES 2010070292 W ES2010070292 W ES 2010070292W WO 2010130857 A1 WO2010130857 A1 WO 2010130857A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hand
block
bluetooth
digital signal
parts
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Application number
PCT/ES2010/070292
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Carlos Fontes Vila
Original Assignee
Carlos Fontes Vila
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from ES200930153A external-priority patent/ES2352622B1/en
Priority claimed from ES200930150A external-priority patent/ES2352621B1/en
Application filed by Carlos Fontes Vila filed Critical Carlos Fontes Vila
Publication of WO2010130857A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010130857A1/en

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G07—CHECKING-DEVICES
    • G07C—TIME OR ATTENDANCE REGISTERS; REGISTERING OR INDICATING THE WORKING OF MACHINES; GENERATING RANDOM NUMBERS; VOTING OR LOTTERY APPARATUS; ARRANGEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS FOR CHECKING NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • G07C9/00—Individual registration on entry or exit
    • G07C9/30—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass
    • G07C9/32—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check
    • G07C9/37—Individual registration on entry or exit not involving the use of a pass in combination with an identity check using biometric data, e.g. fingerprints, iris scans or voice recognition

Definitions

  • the present invention refers to a system of access control and presence by biometric reading of parts of the hand with bluetooth control, whose purpose consists in facilitate the identification or non-identification of a user after recognition of certain parts of one of their hands, extraction of characteristics of the part of the hand and electronic comparison with a database of the aforementioned characteristics, giving an identification or non-identification output that allows to command a door, access or similar, and all this so that the system can be integrated into the environment of organizations and also in domestic use, in a non-aggressive way at an aesthetic and functional level, allowing a great ease of installation; also enabling the enrollment and management system to be carried out in various ways, giving the user the possibility of choosing various methods of communication with the system.
  • Biometric methods of identification are those that allow a person to be recognized based on physiological or behavioral characteristics. In them there is a need for the person to be physically present at the place of identification, may or may not require user collaboration, and even the need for the latter to know the existence of the system that is identifying him or her can be ignored.
  • verification and identification There are two fundamental modes of operation for a system of recognition based on biometric parameters: verification and identification.
  • the user is identified by a typically non-biometric method, such as a code or a card, and the system must verify (verify) that the identity provided corresponds to reality.
  • biometric recognition techniques are access control and presence, which have already been implemented in multiple environments. Its use by different security forces, large companies and research organizations is significant. Among its advantages is its ability to work reliably and quickly in large user database environments. Currently working with new scientific approaches that will allow the improvement of these systems.
  • biometric reading having a structure such as that facilitated by the system of the present invention, based essentially on a biometric reading sensor, a digital signal processor, a control board comprising at least one microcontroller, at least one relay comprising commanding a door, access or the like, as well as a bluetooth management and enrollment system.
  • the invention consists of an access control system and presence by biometric reading of parts of the hand with bluetooth control that facilitates the identification or non-identification of a user after optical recognition of certain parts of one of your hands, feature extraction and electronic comparison with a database, giving an identification or non-identification output that allows you to command a door, access or analogue.
  • the access control and presence system by biometric reading of parts of the hand with bluetooth control described herein comprises the identification of a user after optical recognition of parts of the hand of said user, said parts being selected between the fingerprint of the user's finger and the geography of the veins of a user's hand, their subsequent extraction of characteristics of the part of the hand that is recognized and electronic comparison of said characteristics with a database.
  • This allows an access to be commanded, a door, an access or the like being understood as access, when the identification of the user is positive, that is, when comparing the characteristics extracted with those stored in the database there is a coincidence.
  • the system of the present invention comprises:
  • a recognition sensor said sensor being selected between a fingerprint reading sensor and a vascular reading sensor
  • a digital signal processor connected to said sensor, provided with specific software and a recognition algorithm selected between a fingerprint recognition algorithm and a vascular recognition algorithm
  • a control board comprising at least one microcontroller
  • the system comprises a fingerprint reading sensor for carrying out the biometric reading of the user's fingerprint, the said system further comprising: • an internal signal processing block connected to the processor digital signal;
  • an external treatment block provided with output to the local network, said external treatment block being connected to the internal signal processing block and the external treatment block comprising a relay control output and a supply network input;
  • the microcontroller will be responsible for managing the operation of the system and a memory of time zone records; There is another key memory corresponding to fingerprints in the digital signal processor.
  • the fingerprint sensor is a CCD device similar to that used by digital cameras
  • the digital signal processor is a DSP board that uses a fingerprint recognition and digital image processing algorithm
  • the internal treatment block has a bi-directional connection with said DSP board through a UART communications protocol
  • the microcontroller controls the overall operation of the device and acts as a communication bridge between the signals received from the DSP board, the external treatment block and the bluetooth module;
  • the external treatment block is a circuit based on an ETHERNET TO UART bridge that allows working with the system in connection with the local network, also allowing the activation of electromechanical means through its output for access control via three relays; this external treatment block being communicated with the internal treatment block via CMOS and TTL digital lines, while its communications port is prepared for selected connectivity between USB connectivity, WIEGAND connectivity, TCP / IP connectivity, RS connectivity 232, RS-485 connectivity, and a combination of them, which facilitate the application of external control software.
  • each unit comprises a housing in which at least the fingerprint sensor, the digital signal processor, the internal signal processing block and the device are included.
  • the housing is a recessed housing in a wall or the like, integrated in a specific design work box and incorporating a neodymium magnet for the functionality of safety tamper. It also incorporates a frame that allows to leave visible in that housing a frontal area, optionally provided with a flip top, which allows access to a window where the user applies the fingertip to the object that the fingerprint sensor captures.
  • the system performs the biometric reading of the geography of the veins of the hand by means of a vascular reading sensor.
  • said system additionally comprises: • a power supply, connected to the digital signal processor, which provides voltage to the system;
  • a control board connected to the digital signal processor, comprising a microcontroller, a cooling control module that allows to govern a thermal regulation fan of the computer board, an indicator control module that applies to those referred to LEDs and at least one relay to command the accesses;
  • the vascular reading sensor, the digital signal processor, the power supply, the control board, the visual indication block, the speaker, the fan and the connector block are grouped in a general housing that constitutes a unit and facilitates with other units analogous and in network configuration the coordinated government of a plurality of accesses.
  • the computer board has a 1 GHz frequency processor, a 1 GB DDR2 memory, a solid state hard disk of
  • the system of the invention has relative advantages in that it facilitates a system applicable in organizations and in domestic environments, recognizing users without the need to use numerical codes, cards or other accessories, based on recognition in the reading parts of the user's hand exclusively, thus facilitating access to people or denials of access and allowing various modes of communication with the system in the incorporation and management of the corresponding data.
  • Figure 1 Represents a functional block diagram of an access control system and presence by biometric fingerprint reading with bluetooth control, carried out according to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figure 2. Schematically represents the general operation of the system of the previous figure 1.
  • Figure 3. Represents an exploded perspective view of a recessed housing in which various elements of the system referred to in the previous figures are integrated.
  • Figure 4.- Represents a perspective view of a housing analogous to that of the previous figure 3 once it has been embedded in a wall, an open front cover being found for reading a user's fingerprint.
  • Figure 5. Represents a perspective view analogous to that of the previous figure 4 but without the presence of the user and with the corresponding lid closed.
  • Figure 6. Represents a functional block diagram of an access control system and presence by biometric reading of the geography of the veins of the hand, with bluetooth control, carried out according to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
  • Figure 7. Represents a functional block diagram of the system operation of the previous figure 6.
  • Figure 8.- Represents a perspective view of a device mounted in a general housing that includes the system blocks of the previous figure 6 specified in that figure 6 as internal to said general housing.
  • Figure 9. Represents a plan, sectional and schematic view of a room with different rooms in which various units are incorporated as shown in the previous figures 3 and 8 for the control of respective doors or accesses, within a system according to The present invention.
  • the system has an operation that facilitates the identification or non-identification of a user 18 after optical recognition 22 of his fingerprint, extraction of features 23 and electronic comparison 24 with a database 25, giving an identification or non-identification output 26 that allows to command a door 20, access or the like, as shown in Figure 2.
  • Figure 1 the structure of functional blocks of the system of the present example can be seen, being able to appreciate a fingerprint sensor 1 connected to a digital signal processor 2 which in turn connects with an internal signal processing block 3 connected to an external signal processing block 4 provided with output to local network 7 and which is connected to an internal power supply block 6; existing in the external treatment block 4 is a relay control output 9 and a power network input 8 which in the present example is 220 volts.
  • the internal treatment block 3 includes a bluetooth module 5 that communicates with the digital signal processor 2 to allow users to be registered through an external bluetooth device such as PDA or mobile phone.
  • a safety tamper 10 is included for actuating an alarm in case of sabotage, a microcontroller 11 that is responsible for managing the operation of the system and a memory of time zone records 13; existing another key memory corresponding to fingerprints 12 in the digital processor block 2.
  • a recessed housing 15 has a rubber seal 14 for sealing and a neodymium magnet 27 for the functionality of safety tamper 10, arranged in the areas referenced in Figure 3.
  • the fingerprint sensor 1 is a fingerprint sensor that works as a CCD (Charged Coupled Device) device, similar to that used by digital cameras, and that have an array of light-sensitive diodes that generates An electrical signal in response photons of light. Each diode engraves a pixel, a small point that represents the light that is reflected (by the reflection on the placed footprint). Collectively, light and dark profiles form an image of the fingerprint read. The reading process begins when the finger is placed on the window of the reader, which has its own light source, an array of LEDs (within the infrared spectrum) to illuminate the ridges of the fingerprint I said such.
  • CCD Charge Coupled Device
  • the CCD generates, in fact, an inverted image of the finger, with darker areas that represent more reflected light (the crests of the finger) and lighter areas that represent less reflected light (the valleys between the ridges).
  • the reader processor Before comparing the information obtained with the stored information, the reader processor ensures that the CCD has captured a clear image. Check the average darkness of the pixels, or the general values in a small sample, and reject the reading if the general image is too dark or too light. If the image is rejected, the reader adjusts the exposure time to let in more or less light, and tries to read the print again.
  • the reader checks the definition of the image (how accurate the image obtained is).
  • the processor looks for several straight lines that move horizontally and vertically over the image. And if it has a good definition, a line that runs perpendicular to the ridges will be made of alternating sections of very light and very dark pixels.
  • the digital signal processor 2 it is a DSP board that includes a fingerprint recognition algorithm, and which is responsible for the digital treatment of the image of the fingerprint obtained by means of the optical sensor, generating an output that is a list of identities of people who can have the mark given. In addition, it gives a score of each identity indicating the degree of similarity between it and the given footprint.
  • These details ridges or ridges
  • ridges are defined as a simple curve segment.
  • the combination of several ridges is recognized by the algorithm as a footprint pattern fingerprint
  • fingerprints contain two special types of features called core and delta points. These points are referred to as the singularity points of a fingerprint.
  • the core point is defined as the highest point in the innermost curved ridge. This point is subsequently used as a reference point for minute coding.
  • the DSP board is mainly responsible for: - Control of the optical sensor to obtain the image.
  • Image enhancement (applying Fourier transforms).
  • Image segmentation to eliminate parts of the footprint that do not carry valid information.
  • Neural network function to obtain the "core" point of the footprint.
  • Postprocessing in which the skeletonization of the footprint is performed.
  • Feature extraction (terminations, bifurcations, lagoons, independent edges, points or islands, stingers and crossings of the track).
  • a template is formed, which contains the type of minutiae detected, position, distance to its closest neighbors and orientation angle of the minutiae.
  • a knowledge base is formed for each individual. If the image belongs to your class according to the overall structure of the fingerprint of the individual, this knowledge base is compared with the image of the individual in order to decide whether or not it belongs to the individual.
  • the DSP when it recognizes a fingerprint and it has permission, sends a signal to the internal treatment block 3, which activates a first relay of the external signal treatment block 4, and if the recognized fingerprint is of constraint or threat, in addition to that first relay activates a second relay that will be in charge of starting an anti-intrusion system, for example, with which the system can be integrated.
  • the internal signal processing block 3 it is a block that is responsible for making a bidirectional connection with the DSP board through the UART communications protocol, so that all the process status data, as well as those of " matching "and verification of users carried out by the DSP board and transmitting through UART are sent to the external processing block 4 and converted to lObaseT with the objective of being able to transport them through a local network for the subsequent data processing in An external control software.
  • the external signal processing block 4 is a block consisting of a circuit based on an ETHERNET TO UART bridge that allows working with the system in connection with the local network, and on the other hand allows executing the operation of an electro system -mechanical for subsequent application to doors, motors, etc,
  • This block 4 has direct communication with the internal treatment block 3 via CMOS and TTL digital lines, so that the relay operation is governed at all times by the treatment block internal 3 depending on whether the processed fingerprint is verified or not.
  • the internal signal processing block 3 has the bluetooth module 5 with direct connection to the DSP through the internal processing block 3 to register users in the DSP circuit via an external bluetooth device, such as a mobile phone or PDA with the corresponding control software installed.
  • an external bluetooth device such as a mobile phone or PDA with the corresponding control software installed.
  • the digital signal processor is internally programmed to operate autonomously, being reconfigurable through a series of commands that can be received from various media such as Ethernet, bluetooth, USB, bus 485 or others.
  • the novelty regarding the design of the DSP programming is that it is event-oriented, and that allows activating the outputs and relays in an appropriate way to the events received. These events are reprogrammed by means of the commands received from the external control software, generating with this a versatile product and adaptable to all kinds of situations.
  • Among other options is to highlight the possibility of assigning different sections of access schedules independently for each device, so that the device is able to recognize if a person is within their access schedule and allows or denies the step according to the schedule .
  • the configuration of user enrollment and event management can be modified via Ethernet or bus 485 via external control software, if it is connected by any of these means.
  • the system allows network configurations such as the one shown in figure 9, where a network cable goes out of each reader that goes to a plant connection cabinet or a SWITCH.
  • the external control software mentioned above there are two versions; one for PCS and laptops, which is the one that works via Ethernet or USB and another for mobile devices (PDA, mobile phone, etc.) which is the one that has a bluetooth operation.
  • Bluetooth communication with the system of the invention allows readers who are operating individually (without being connected to any Ethernet network) to send or receive data. It also allows the registration or removal of users. This part, which at first could be more vulnerable in terms of security, is solved with the addition of the administrator's footprint (master footprint).
  • the external control software is capable of performing the following actions:
  • the fingerprint is formed by the existence of folds that give rise to capillary ridges and the region between them (valleys).
  • the crests form the so-called minutiae, which consist of end of line, bifurcations and singular points.
  • the pattern that forms the minutiae of a fingerprint is unique; Even the fingerprints of the same individual are different. Therefore, it is virtually impossible to find two identical fingerprints.
  • the images obtained by the finger sensors are noisy, low contrast, blurred and with many defects. Therefore, it is necessary to use powerful image processing techniques.
  • the captured image is processed to obtain a uniform gray scale
  • minutiae extraction A threshold is established that allows binarization of the image. In this way, discrimination between ridges and valleys increases. Also, we proceed to thin the lines of interest, to facilitate the detection of minutiae, eliminating areas with noise (skeletonization).
  • the candidate points are selected to be a minutiae. For this, pattern recognition algorithms are used.
  • false minutiae are discarded, those that are artifice and do not represent true physical minutiae. For this, algorithms for recognizing more selective patterns than those used in the previous step are used.
  • third and final phase of minutiae extraction more minutiae are discarded, which have passed the previous phase but are really not representative.
  • Algorithms for recognition of even more selective patterns are used, which can operate because the number of points tested is much smaller.
  • the mathematical representation of the fingerprint is formed. Only the position of the points representing the minutiae and the center is maintained. The comparison of these positions and distances will be what allows the fingerprint to be recognized on subsequent occasions.
  • FIG. 6 This operation is physically implemented by the blocks shown in Figure 6, where it can be seen how a user 48 places the palm of one of his hands on a vascular reading sensor 31 connected to a computer plate 32 based on microprocessor 46 and provided with specific software as well as a vascular recognition algorithm.
  • a prior enrollment process will have been necessary, this is a capture of the palm of the user's hand 48 to be included in the corresponding system database.
  • the veins of the human body have a unique geometric distribution for each person and that is invariable over time. Its random distribution allows the sensor 31 to capture the superficial veins of the hand by infrared light, so that an exclusive pattern of each individual is obtained.
  • the vascular reading sensor 31 functions as a CCD device, similar to that used by digital cameras, presenting an array of light-sensitive diodes that generates an electrical signal in response to light photons.
  • This device manages to capture an image of the hatch of the veins of the palm of the hand through the reflection of almost infrared rays that in turn emits. Thanks to the fact that the deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood absorbs part of these rays thus reducing the reflection rate, the veins appear as a black pattern in the captured image that represents a unique geographical map.
  • the computer board 32 is a small-sized computer board (embedded PC) where specific development software and the recognition algorithm are installed.
  • This board 32 carries a processor at a frequency of 1 GHz next to a DDR2 memory of 1 GB, while the software is stored on a hard disk of 4 GB solid state.
  • the computer board has four USB ports, a serial port, audio output, LCD-TFT and CRT graphic display controller and Ethernet network connector.
  • the dimensions of this plate 32 are around 10 x 7 cm, also with forced cooling by means of a heatsink next to a fan 37 located therein.
  • the power supply of this plate 32 is provided by a power supply 33 with a power of 60 watts.
  • the embedded software of the plate 32 acts as the manager of the algorithm for detecting and validating the map of the veins of the hand. In addition, it is responsible for activating a series of relays 41, preferably in the number of 3 to activate the opening of doors 20, alarms or home automation systems.
  • This software also controls a set of display LEDs or indicator LEDs 39, as well as a TFT screen 38 and a speaker 36 that provides information related to an authentication of the record taken and another series of data of interest, so that visual information is given and sounds to the user.
  • this software processes control information from a mobile device, mobile phone or PDA with JAVA support, with bluetooth technology 47.
  • the corresponding operating system is stored in the solid state memory of the computer board 32.
  • the power supply 33 is a source that provides voltage to various blocks of the system, being a switching type source with an input voltage of 220 volts alternating and multiple outputs of 5, 3, 3 and 12 volts continuous, with a total power of 60 watts; being a Strong compact with overvoltage and overcurrent protections.
  • the computer board 32 connects with: the aforementioned power supply 33, a control board 34 based on a microcontroller 42, a visual indication block 35 that includes the indicator LEDs 39 and the display 38, said loudspeaker 36, said sensor 31 and a connector block 40.
  • control plate 34 has a cooling control module 43 for fan 37, a control module of indicators 44 for the LED indicators 39, of a plurality of relays 41 that facilitate the control of doors or analogs 20 and of a bluetooth module 45 which in combination with said mobile phone 47 equipped with bluetooth facilitates programming, data changes and changes of system parameters
  • the microcontroller 42 of the control board 34 is responsible for receiving orders via a USB connection of the software hosted on the computer board. By means of these orders, the relays 41 are activated, which in turn activate the doors 20, alarms or other devices, also exciting the LEDs 39 when a correct, incorrect authentication or in standby mode is produced. On the other hand, the microcontroller 42 carries out the supervision of the forced ventilation to guarantee the correct cooling.
  • the bluetooth module 45 is located on this control board 34, providing the necessary power and control signals here.
  • Said screen 38 consists of a 3.5-inch color model, with dimensions of 76.7 by 64.1 mm, a contrast of 300 to 1 and 250 candles.
  • This screen 38 is connected to the computer screen 32 by means of an LVDS interface, its purpose being to display all possible data of the person who has been correctly authenticated, in addition to other data such as system status, information notes, etc.
  • the LEDs 39 there is a presence detector that activates the screen 38 when it detects a user 18 to 60 cm, producing on said screen 38 an indication that asks said user 18 Put your hand in a reading area.
  • the fan 37 it can be indicated that it is an element that provides the necessary ventilation to keep the system in suitable thermal conditions, especially to avoid overheating in the computer board 32, thus reducing possible failures.
  • the fan 37 that has been used in the exemplary embodiment is a model of small dimensions, small sound level and that operates with continuous voltages of 5 volts and a current of 140 milliamps.
  • the sensor 31, the computer board 32, the power supply 33, the control board 34, the visual indication block 35, the speaker 36, the fan 37 and the power block connectors 40 are grouped in a general housing 19 that constitutes a unit whose actual physical appearance can be seen in the perspective view of Figure 8, with access in this perspective being appreciated, the sound output slots of the speaker 36, the LED indicators 39 and TFT screen 38.
  • the processor 46 of the computer board is programmed to operate the corresponding device autonomously, this programming being reconfigurable by means of a series of commands that can be received from Ethernet and bluetooth.
  • the embedded software of the computer board 32 facilitates an orientation to events, allowing activating outputs and relays in a manner appropriate to the events received.
  • These elements are reprogrammed by means of the commands received from an external control software, thus determining a versatile element adaptable to all kinds of situations.
  • it is remarkable the possibility of assigning different access time sections independently for each device or unit of a certain set of them operating together, so that a recognition of the person is allowed within their access schedule, allowing or denying The step according to the time.
  • the system configuration of this example or Vascular Plug (user enrollment and event management), can be modified via Ethernet or bus 485 via external control software, if the device is connected by any of said means.
  • FIG. 9 corresponds to a typical network configuration where each reader of the The system has an output cable or network cable that goes to a connection cabinet or a switch.
  • Two versions are planned for the external control software: one for PCs and laptops, which is the one that works via Ethernet or USB and another for mobile devices (PDA, mobile phones, etc.) which is the one that has a bluetooth operation .
  • Bluetooth communication with the device allows readers who are operating individually (without being connected to an Ethernet network) to send or receive data. It also allows the registration or removal of users.
  • This part of the system which at first could be more vulnerable in terms of security, is solved with the addition of the administrator's palm (master palm). This means that before a request for enrollment or deletion of palm via bluetooth, confirmation is requested by placing the palm of one of the device administrators on the reader. Once verified the presence of the administrator proceeds normally. Through this procedure, total security is achieved, since the property of the mobile device (and its consequent interaction with the vascular reader device) is ensured with the identification of the carrier.
  • the aforementioned external control software is capable of carrying out actions such as: enrollment (registration) of users, deletion of users, modification of user tracks, receiving list of events and user entries, configuring events and relays, creating schedules and Assign schedules to people.

Abstract

The invention relates to a Bluetooth-controlled access and presence control system comprising the biometric reading of parts of the hand, including a sensor that facilitates the identification or non-identification of a user by means of optical recognition of pre-determined parts of one of the user's hands, extraction of characteristics and electronic comparison with a database, so as to produce an identification or non-identification output that can be used to control a door, access or the like. The system also includes a digital signal processor, a control panel with at least one microcontroller, at least one relay for controlling access and a Bluetooth module that communicates with the digital signal processor.

Description

SISTEMA DE CONTROL DE ACCESOS Y PRESENCIA POR LECTURA BIOMETRICA DE PARTES DE LA MANO CON CONTROL POR ACCESS AND PRESENCE CONTROL SYSTEM BY BIOMETRIC READING OF PARTS OF THE HAND WITH CONTROL BY
BLUETOOTH OBJETO DE LA INVENCIÓN La presente invención, tal y como se expresa en el enunciado de esta memoria descriptiva, se refiere a un sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de partes de la mano con control por bluetooth, cuya finalidad consiste en facilitar la identificación o no identificación de un usuario tras reconocimiento de determinadas partes de una de sus manos, extracción de características de la parte de la mano y comparación electrónica con una base de datos de las citadas características, dando una salida de identificación o no identificación que permita comandar una puerta, acceso o análogo, y todo ello de manera que el sistema pueda integrarse en el entorno de organizaciones y también en uso doméstico, de una forma no agresiva a nivel estético y funcional, permitiendo una gran facilidad de instalación; posibilitando además que el sistema de enrolamiento y gestión se realice de diversas formas, dando al usuario la posibilidad de elegir diversos métodos de comunicación con el sistema.BLUETOOTH OBJECT OF THE INVENTION The present invention, as expressed in the statement of this specification, refers to a system of access control and presence by biometric reading of parts of the hand with bluetooth control, whose purpose consists in facilitate the identification or non-identification of a user after recognition of certain parts of one of their hands, extraction of characteristics of the part of the hand and electronic comparison with a database of the aforementioned characteristics, giving an identification or non-identification output that allows to command a door, access or similar, and all this so that the system can be integrated into the environment of organizations and also in domestic use, in a non-aggressive way at an aesthetic and functional level, allowing a great ease of installation; also enabling the enrollment and management system to be carried out in various ways, giving the user the possibility of choosing various methods of communication with the system.
ANTECEDENTES DE LA INVENCIÓN Los métodos biométricos de identificación son aquéllos que permiten reconocer a una persona basándose en características fisiológicas o de comportamiento. En ellos se da la necesidad de que la persona esté físicamente presente en el lugar de la identificación, pudiendo o no requerir la colaboración del usuario, e incluso pudiéndose obviar la necesidad de que éste conozca la existencia del sistema que lo está identificando. Hay dos modos fundamentales de funcionamiento para un sistema de reconocimiento basado en parámetros biométricos: verificación e identificación. En el primer caso, el usuario se identifica mediante un método típicamente no biométrico, como un código o una tarjeta, y el sistema ha de comprobar (verificar) que la identidad proporcionada se corresponde con la realidad. En el segundo caso, se trata de averiguar la identidad del sujeto buscando en una base de datos una representación de parámetros biométricos suficientemente aproximada. Entre las aplicaciones que más usan técnicas de reconocimiento biométrico están el control de accesos y de presencia, que ya han sido implantados en múltiples entornos. Es significativa su utilización por diferentes cuerpos de seguridad, grandes empresas y organizaciones de investigación. Entre sus ventajas está su capacidad para trabajar con fiabilidad y rapidez en entornos de grandes bases de datos de usuarios. Actualmente se está trabajando con nuevas aproximaciones científicas que permitirán la mejora de estos sistemas.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Biometric methods of identification are those that allow a person to be recognized based on physiological or behavioral characteristics. In them there is a need for the person to be physically present at the place of identification, may or may not require user collaboration, and even the need for the latter to know the existence of the system that is identifying him or her can be ignored. There are two fundamental modes of operation for a system of recognition based on biometric parameters: verification and identification. In the first case, the user is identified by a typically non-biometric method, such as a code or a card, and the system must verify (verify) that the identity provided corresponds to reality. In the second case, it is a question of finding out the identity of the subject by searching a sufficiently approximate representation of biometric parameters in a database. Among the applications that most use biometric recognition techniques are access control and presence, which have already been implemented in multiple environments. Its use by different security forces, large companies and research organizations is significant. Among its advantages is its ability to work reliably and quickly in large user database environments. Currently working with new scientific approaches that will allow the improvement of these systems.
No se conoce en el estado actual de la técnica sistemas de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica que presenten una estructura como la que facilita el sistema de la presente invención, basada esencialmente en un sensor de lectura biométrica, un procesador digital de señal, una placa de control que comprende al menos un microcontrolador, al menos un relé que comprende comandar una puerta, acceso o análogo, asi como un sistema de gestión y enrolamiento por bluetooth.It is not known in the current state of the art access control systems and presence by biometric reading having a structure such as that facilitated by the system of the present invention, based essentially on a biometric reading sensor, a digital signal processor, a control board comprising at least one microcontroller, at least one relay comprising commanding a door, access or the like, as well as a bluetooth management and enrollment system.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA INVENCIÓN Para lograr los objetivos indicados anteriormente, la invención consiste en un sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de partes de la mano con control por bluetooth que facilita la identificación o no identificación de un usuario tras reconocimiento óptico de determinadas partes de una de sus manos, extracción de características y comparación electrónica con una base de datos, dando una salida de identificación o no identificación que permite comandar una puerta, acceso o análogo.DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION To achieve the objectives indicated above, the invention consists of an access control system and presence by biometric reading of parts of the hand with bluetooth control that facilitates the identification or non-identification of a user after optical recognition of certain parts of one of your hands, feature extraction and electronic comparison with a database, giving an identification or non-identification output that allows you to command a door, access or analogue.
El sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de partes de la mano con control por bluetooth descrito en la presente memoria comprende la identificación de un usuario tras reconocimiento óptico de partes de la mano de dicho usuario, estando dichas partes seleccionadas entre la huella dactilar del usuario y la geografía de las venas de una mano del usuario, su posterior extracción de características de la parte de la mano que se reconoce y comparación electrónica de dichas características con una base de datos. Esto permite comandar un acceso, entendiéndose por acceso una puerta, un acceso o similar, cuando la identificación del usuario es positiva, es decir, cuando al comparar las características extraídas con las almacenadas en la base datos existe una coincidencia. El sistema de la presente invención comprende :The access control and presence system by biometric reading of parts of the hand with bluetooth control described herein comprises the identification of a user after optical recognition of parts of the hand of said user, said parts being selected between the fingerprint of the user's finger and the geography of the veins of a user's hand, their subsequent extraction of characteristics of the part of the hand that is recognized and electronic comparison of said characteristics with a database. This allows an access to be commanded, a door, an access or the like being understood as access, when the identification of the user is positive, that is, when comparing the characteristics extracted with those stored in the database there is a coincidence. The system of the present invention comprises:
• un sensor de reconocimiento, estando dicho sensor seleccionado entre un sensor de lectura de huella dactilar y un sensor de lectura vascular; • un procesador digital de señal, conectado a dicho sensor, dotado de software especifico y de un algoritmo de reconocimiento seleccionado entre un algoritmo de reconocimiento dactilar y un algoritmo de reconocimiento vascular; • una placa de control que comprende al menos un microcontrolador;• a recognition sensor, said sensor being selected between a fingerprint reading sensor and a vascular reading sensor; • a digital signal processor, connected to said sensor, provided with specific software and a recognition algorithm selected between a fingerprint recognition algorithm and a vascular recognition algorithm; • a control board comprising at least one microcontroller;
• al menos un relé que comprende comandar dicho acceso;• at least one relay comprising commanding said access;
Yr • un módulo bluetooth que comunica con el procesador digital de señal para configurar el sistema y dar de alta y baja a usuarios a través de un dispositivo externo bluetooth. En una realización preferente de la invención, el sistema comprende un sensor de lectura de huella dactilar para llevar a cabo la lectura biométrica de la huella dactilar de los usuarios, comprendiendo además el citado sistema : • un bloque de tratamiento interno de señal conectado al procesador digital de señal;Yr • a bluetooth module that communicates with the digital signal processor to configure the system and register and cancel users through an external bluetooth device. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the system comprises a fingerprint reading sensor for carrying out the biometric reading of the user's fingerprint, the said system further comprising: • an internal signal processing block connected to the processor digital signal;
• un bloque de tratamiento externo dotado de salida a red local, estando dicho bloque de tratamiento externo conectado al bloque de tratamiento interno de señal y comprendiendo el bloque de tratamiento externo una salida de control de relés y una entrada de red de alimentación;• an external treatment block provided with output to the local network, said external treatment block being connected to the internal signal processing block and the external treatment block comprising a relay control output and a supply network input;
• un bloque de alimentación interna conectado al bloque de tratamiento externo de señal; y, • un tamper de seguridad integrado en el bloque de tratamiento interno de señal para el accionamiento de una alarma en caso de sabotaje.• an internal power block connected to the external signal processing block; and, • a safety tamper integrated in the internal signal processing block for the activation of an alarm in case of sabotage.
El microcontrolador se encargará de gestionar el funcionamiento del sistema y una memoria de registros de tramos horarios; existiendo otra memoria de claves correspondientes a huellas dactilares en el procesador digital de señal.The microcontroller will be responsible for managing the operation of the system and a memory of time zone records; There is another key memory corresponding to fingerprints in the digital signal processor.
Opcionalmente, en una realización más preferente:Optionally, in a more preferred embodiment:
• el sensor de huella dactilar es un dispositivo CCD similar al que utilizan las cámaras digitales;• the fingerprint sensor is a CCD device similar to that used by digital cameras;
• el procesador digital de señal es una placa DSP que emplea un algoritmo de reconocimiento dactilar y tratamiento digital de imagen; • el bloque de tratamiento interno presenta conexión bidireccional con dicha placa DSP a través de un protocolo de comunicaciones UART;• the digital signal processor is a DSP board that uses a fingerprint recognition and digital image processing algorithm; • the internal treatment block has a bi-directional connection with said DSP board through a UART communications protocol;
• el microcontrolador controla el funcionamiento general del dispositivo y hace de puente de comunicaciones entre las señales recibidas de la placa DSP, el bloque de tratamiento externo y el módulo bluetooth;• the microcontroller controls the overall operation of the device and acts as a communication bridge between the signals received from the DSP board, the external treatment block and the bluetooth module;
• el bloque de tratamiento externo es un circuito basado en un puente ETHERNET TO UART que permite trabajar con el sistema en conexión con red local, permitiendo además el accionamiento de medios electromecánicos a través de su salida para comando de accesos mediante tres relés; estando comunicado este bloque de tratamiento externo con el bloque de tratamiento interno a través de lineas digitales CMOS y TTL, en tanto que su puerto de comunicaciones se encuentra preparado para conectividades seleccionadas entre conectividades USB, conectividades WIEGAND, conectividades TCP/IP, conectividades RS-232, conectividades RS-485, y una combinación de ellas, que facilitan la aplicación de un software externo de control .• the external treatment block is a circuit based on an ETHERNET TO UART bridge that allows working with the system in connection with the local network, also allowing the activation of electromechanical means through its output for access control via three relays; this external treatment block being communicated with the internal treatment block via CMOS and TTL digital lines, while its communications port is prepared for selected connectivity between USB connectivity, WIEGAND connectivity, TCP / IP connectivity, RS connectivity 232, RS-485 connectivity, and a combination of them, which facilitate the application of external control software.
En esta realización más preferente dicho sistema se encuentra distribuido en al menos una unidad, donde cada unidad comprende una carcasa en la que al menos se incluyen el sensor de huella dactilar, el procesador digital de señal, el bloque de tratamiento interno de señal y el bloque de alimentación interna.In this more preferred embodiment said system is distributed in at least one unit, where each unit comprises a housing in which at least the fingerprint sensor, the digital signal processor, the internal signal processing block and the device are included. internal power supply
Además, en esta realización más preferente de la invención, la carcasa es un carcasa empotrable en una pared o similar, integrada en una caja de obra de diseño especifico y que incorpora un imán de neodimio para la funcionalidad de tamper de seguridad También incorpora un marco que permite dejar visible en esa carcasa una zona frontal, opcionalmente provista de una tapa abatible, que permite acceder a una ventana donde el usuario aplica la yema de su dedo al objeto de que el sensor de huella la capture .In addition, in this more preferred embodiment of the invention, the housing is a recessed housing in a wall or the like, integrated in a specific design work box and incorporating a neodymium magnet for the functionality of safety tamper. It also incorporates a frame that allows to leave visible in that housing a frontal area, optionally provided with a flip top, which allows access to a window where the user applies the fingertip to the object that the fingerprint sensor captures.
En otra realización preferente, el sistema realiza la lectura biométrica de la geografía de las venas de la mano mediante un sensor de lectura vascular. Para ello, dicho sistema comprende adicionalmente : • una fuente de alimentación, conectada al procesador digital de señal, que proporciona tensión al sistema;In another preferred embodiment, the system performs the biometric reading of the geography of the veins of the hand by means of a vascular reading sensor. For this, said system additionally comprises: • a power supply, connected to the digital signal processor, which provides voltage to the system;
• una placa de control, conectada al procesador digital de señal, que comprende un microcontrolador, un módulo de control de refrigeración que permite gobernar un ventilador de regulación térmica de la placa de ordenador, un módulo de control de indicadores que se aplica a los referidos diodos led y al menos un relé para comandar los accesos;• a control board, connected to the digital signal processor, comprising a microcontroller, a cooling control module that allows to govern a thermal regulation fan of the computer board, an indicator control module that applies to those referred to LEDs and at least one relay to command the accesses;
• un bloque de conectores, conectado al procesador digital de señal;• a block of connectors, connected to the digital signal processor;
• un bloque de indicaciones visuales, conectado al procesador digital de señal, que incluye una pantalla y unos diodos led; y,• a block of visual indications, connected to the digital signal processor, which includes a screen and LEDs; Y,
• un altavoz que proporciona mensajes sonoros; presentando la referida placa de control.• a speaker that provides sound messages; presenting the referred control board.
En un realización más preferente de la realización preferente inmediatamente mencionada el sensor de lectura vascular, el procesador digital de señal, la fuente de alimentación, la placa de control, el bloque de indicaciones visuales, el altavoz, el ventilador y el bloque de conectores se agrupan en una carcasa general que constituye una unidad y que facilita junto a otras unidades análogas y en configuración de red el gobierno coordinado de una pluralidad de accesos.In a more preferred embodiment of the preferred embodiment immediately mentioned the vascular reading sensor, the digital signal processor, the power supply, the control board, the visual indication block, the speaker, the fan and the connector block are grouped in a general housing that constitutes a unit and facilitates with other units analogous and in network configuration the coordinated government of a plurality of accesses.
En esta misma realización más preferente, la placa de ordenador dispone de un procesador a frecuencia de 1 GHz, una memoria DDR2 de 1 GB, un disco duro de estado sólido deIn this same more preferred embodiment, the computer board has a 1 GHz frequency processor, a 1 GB DDR2 memory, a solid state hard disk of
4 Gb, cuatro puertos USB, un puerto serie, una salida de audio, un controlador de pantallas gráficas LCD-TFT y CRT y un conector de red Ethernet. Adicionalmente al lado de los diodos led se dispone un detector de presencia que activa la pantalla cuando detecta a un usuario a 60 cm, indicándole que sitúe su mano en una zona de lectura.4 GB, four USB ports, a serial port, an audio output, an LCD-TFT and CRT graphic display controller and an Ethernet network connector. In addition to the side of the LEDs there is a presence detector that activates the screen when it detects a user at 60 cm, telling him to place his hand in a reading area.
Con la estructura que se ha descrito, el sistema de la invención presenta ventajas relativas a que facilita un sistema aplicable en organizaciones y en entornos domésticos, reconociendo a los usuarios sin necesidad de emplear códigos numéricos, tarjetas u otros accesorios, basándose el reconocimiento en la lectura de partes de la mano del usuario exclusivamente, facilitando asi accesos a personas o denegaciones de acceso y permitiéndose diversos modos de comunicación con el sistema en la incorporación y gestión de los datos correspondientes.With the structure described above, the system of the invention has relative advantages in that it facilitates a system applicable in organizations and in domestic environments, recognizing users without the need to use numerical codes, cards or other accessories, based on recognition in the reading parts of the user's hand exclusively, thus facilitating access to people or denials of access and allowing various modes of communication with the system in the incorporation and management of the corresponding data.
A continuación, para facilitar una mejor comprensión de esta memoria descriptiva y formando parte integrante de la misma, se acompañan unas figuras en las que con carácter ilustrativo y no limitativo se ha representado el objeto de la invención.Next, in order to facilitate a better understanding of this descriptive report and as an integral part thereof, some figures are attached in which the object of the invention has been shown as an illustrative and non-limiting nature.
BREVE DESCRIPCIÓN DE LAS FIGURASBRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES
Figura 1.- Representa un diagrama de bloques funcionales de un sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de huella dactilar con control por bluetooth, realizado según una de las realizaciones preferentes de la presente invención.Figure 1.- Represents a functional block diagram of an access control system and presence by biometric fingerprint reading with bluetooth control, carried out according to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Figura 2.- Representa esquemáticamente el funcionamiento general del sistema de la anterior figura 1. Figura 3.- Representa una vista en perspectiva explosionada de una carcasa empotrable en la que se integran diversos elementos del sistema referido en las anteriores figuras.Figure 2.- Schematically represents the general operation of the system of the previous figure 1. Figure 3.- Represents an exploded perspective view of a recessed housing in which various elements of the system referred to in the previous figures are integrated.
Figura 4.- Representa una vista en perspectiva de una carcasa análoga a la de la anterior figura 3 una vez que se ha empotrado en una pared, encontrándose una tapa frontal abierta para la lectura de la huella dactilar de un usuario.Figure 4.- Represents a perspective view of a housing analogous to that of the previous figure 3 once it has been embedded in a wall, an open front cover being found for reading a user's fingerprint.
Figura 5.- Representa una vista en perspectiva análoga a la de la anterior figura 4 pero sin presencia del usuario y con la correspondiente tapa cerrada.Figure 5.- Represents a perspective view analogous to that of the previous figure 4 but without the presence of the user and with the corresponding lid closed.
Figura 6.- Representa un diagrama de bloques funcionales de un sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de la geografía de las venas de la mano, con control por bluetooth, realizado según una de las realizaciones preferentes de la presente invención.Figure 6.- Represents a functional block diagram of an access control system and presence by biometric reading of the geography of the veins of the hand, with bluetooth control, carried out according to one of the preferred embodiments of the present invention.
Figura 7.- Representa un diagrama de bloques funcionales de funcionamiento del sistema de la anterior figura 6.Figure 7.- Represents a functional block diagram of the system operation of the previous figure 6.
Figura 8.- Representa una vista en perspectiva de un dispositivo montado en una carcasa general que incluye los bloques del sistema de la anterior figura 6 especificado en esa figura 6 como internos a la referida carcasa general.Figure 8.- Represents a perspective view of a device mounted in a general housing that includes the system blocks of the previous figure 6 specified in that figure 6 as internal to said general housing.
Figura 9.- Representa una vista en planta, seccionada y esquemática de un local con diversas estancias en el que se incorporan diversas unidades como las mostrada en la anteriores figura 3 y 8 para el control de respectivas puertas o accesos, dentro de un sistema según la presente invención .Figure 9.- Represents a plan, sectional and schematic view of a room with different rooms in which various units are incorporated as shown in the previous figures 3 and 8 for the control of respective doors or accesses, within a system according to The present invention.
DESCRIPCIÓN DE VARIOS EJEMPLOS DE REALIZACIÓN DE LADESCRIPTION OF VARIOUS EXAMPLES OF REALIZATION OF THE
INVENCIÓN Seguidamente se realiza una descripción de varios ejemplos de la invención haciendo referencia a la numeración adoptada en las figuras.INVENTION Next, a description of several examples of the invention is made with reference to the numbering adopted in the figures.
Asi, en un primer ejemplo que hace referencia a una de las realizaciones preferidas del sistema anteriormente descrito, el sistema presenta un funcionamiento que facilita la identificación o no identificación de un usuario 18 tras reconocimiento óptico 22 de su huella dactilar, extracción de características 23 y comparación electrónica 24 con una base de datos 25, dando una salida de identificación o no identificación 26 que permite comandar una puerta 20, acceso o análogo, según se representa en la figura 2.Thus, in a first example that refers to one of the preferred embodiments of the system described above, the system has an operation that facilitates the identification or non-identification of a user 18 after optical recognition 22 of his fingerprint, extraction of features 23 and electronic comparison 24 with a database 25, giving an identification or non-identification output 26 that allows to command a door 20, access or the like, as shown in Figure 2.
En la figura 1 se puede ver la estructura de bloques funcionales del sistema del presente ejemplo, pudiendo apreciarse un sensor de huella dactilar 1 conectado a un procesador digital de señal 2 que a su vez conecta con un bloque de tratamiento interno de señal 3 unido a un bloque de tratamiento externo de señal 4 dotado de salida a red local 7 y que se encuentra unido a un bloque de alimentación interna 6; existiendo en el bloque de tratamiento externo 4 una salida de control de relés 9 y una entrada de red de alimentación 8 que en el presente ejemplo es de 220 voltios. Además, el bloque de tratamiento interno 3 incluye un módulo bluetooth 5 que comunica con el procesador digital de señal 2 para permitir dar de alta a usuarios a través de un dispositivo externo bluetooth tal como PDA o teléfono móvil. En el bloque de tratamiento interno 3 se incluye un tamper de seguridad 10 para accionamiento de una alarma en caso de sabotaje, un microcontrolador 11 que se encarga de gestionar el funcionamiento del sistema y una memoria de registros de tramos horarios 13; existiendo otra memoria de claves correspondientes a huellas dactilares 12 en el bloque del procesador digital 2.In Figure 1 the structure of functional blocks of the system of the present example can be seen, being able to appreciate a fingerprint sensor 1 connected to a digital signal processor 2 which in turn connects with an internal signal processing block 3 connected to an external signal processing block 4 provided with output to local network 7 and which is connected to an internal power supply block 6; existing in the external treatment block 4 is a relay control output 9 and a power network input 8 which in the present example is 220 volts. In addition, the internal treatment block 3 includes a bluetooth module 5 that communicates with the digital signal processor 2 to allow users to be registered through an external bluetooth device such as PDA or mobile phone. In the internal treatment block 3 a safety tamper 10 is included for actuating an alarm in case of sabotage, a microcontroller 11 that is responsible for managing the operation of the system and a memory of time zone records 13; existing another key memory corresponding to fingerprints 12 in the digital processor block 2.
Una carcasa empotrable 15 cuenta con una junta de goma 14 para estanqueidad y con un imán de neodimio 27 para la funcionalidad de tamper de seguridad 10, dispuestos en las zonas referenciadas en la figura 3.A recessed housing 15 has a rubber seal 14 for sealing and a neodymium magnet 27 for the functionality of safety tamper 10, arranged in the areas referenced in Figure 3.
Empotrando la carcasa 15 en una pared o similar 19, con incorporación de un marco 21 se permite dejar visible una zona frontal provista de una tapa abatible 16 que permite acceder a una ventana 17 donde el usuario 18 aplica la yema de su dedo al objeto de que el sensor de huella 1 la capture, tal y como se aprecia en las figuras 3, 4 y 5.By embedding the housing 15 in a wall or the like 19, with the incorporation of a frame 21 it is possible to leave a frontal area visible provided with a hinged cover 16 which allows access to a window 17 where the user 18 applies the fingertip to the object of that the fingerprint sensor 1 captures it, as can be seen in figures 3, 4 and 5.
Varias de esas unidades o carcasas empotrables 15 se pueden disponer en proximidad de puertas 20 de diversas estancias de un local, tal y como se ilustra en la figura 9, para tener varios recintos controlados por el mismo sistema .Several of these units or recessed housings 15 can be arranged near doors 20 of different rooms of a room, as illustrated in Figure 9, to have several enclosures controlled by the same system.
Seguidamente se describen con mayor detalle los bloques del sistema de este ejemplo, asi como su funcionamiento:The system blocks of this example, as well as their operation are described in more detail below:
Asi, respecto al sensor de huella dactilar 1, se trata de un sensor de huella óptico que funciona como dispositivo CCD (Charged Coupled Device) , similar al que utilizan las cámaras digitales, y que tienen un array de diodos sensible a la luz que genera una señal eléctrica en respuesta fotones de luz. Cada diodo graba un pixel, un pequeño punto que representa la luz que le es reflejada (por la reflexión sobre la huella colocada) . Colectivamente, la luz y perfiles oscuros forman una imagen de la huella leida. El proceso de lectura comienza cuando se coloca el dedo sobre la ventana del lector, el cual tiene su propia fuente de iluminación, un array de LEDs (dentro del espectro infrarrojo) para iluminar las crestas (ridges) de la huella digi tal .Thus, with respect to the fingerprint sensor 1, it is a fingerprint sensor that works as a CCD (Charged Coupled Device) device, similar to that used by digital cameras, and that have an array of light-sensitive diodes that generates An electrical signal in response photons of light. Each diode engraves a pixel, a small point that represents the light that is reflected (by the reflection on the placed footprint). Collectively, light and dark profiles form an image of the fingerprint read. The reading process begins when the finger is placed on the window of the reader, which has its own light source, an array of LEDs (within the infrared spectrum) to illuminate the ridges of the fingerprint I said such.
El CCD genera, de hecho, una imagen invertida del dedo, con áreas más oscuras que representan más luz reflejada (las crestas del dedo) y áreas más claras que representan menos luz reflejada (los valles entre las crestas) .The CCD generates, in fact, an inverted image of the finger, with darker areas that represent more reflected light (the crests of the finger) and lighter areas that represent less reflected light (the valleys between the ridges).
Antes de comparar la información obtenida con la almacenada, el procesador del lector se asegura de que el CCD ha capturado una imagen clara. Chequea la oscuridad promedio de los pixeles, o los valores generales en una pequeña muestra, y rechaza la lectura si la imagen general es demasiado oscura o demasiado clara. Si la imagen es rechazada, el lector ajusta el tiempo de exposición para dejar entrar más o menos luz, e intenta leer la huella de nuevo.Before comparing the information obtained with the stored information, the reader processor ensures that the CCD has captured a clear image. Check the average darkness of the pixels, or the general values in a small sample, and reject the reading if the general image is too dark or too light. If the image is rejected, the reader adjusts the exposure time to let in more or less light, and tries to read the print again.
Si el nivel de luz es adecuado, el lector revisa la definición de la imagen (que tan precisa es la imagen obtenida) . El procesador busca varias lineas rectas que se mueven horizontal y verticalmente sobre la imagen. Y si ésta tiene buena definición, una linea que corre perpendicular a las crestas será hecha de secciones alternantes de pixeles muy claros y muy oscuros.If the level of light is adequate, the reader checks the definition of the image (how accurate the image obtained is). The processor looks for several straight lines that move horizontally and vertically over the image. And if it has a good definition, a line that runs perpendicular to the ridges will be made of alternating sections of very light and very dark pixels.
Respecto al procesador digital de señal 2, se trata de una placa DSP que incluye un algoritmo de reconocimiento dactilar, y que se encarga del tratamiento digital de la imagen de la huella dactilar obtenida mediante el sensor óptico, generando una salida que es una lista de identidades de personas que pueden tener la huella dada. Además, otorga una puntuación de cada identidad indicando el grado de similaridad entre ésta y la huella dada. Estos detalles (ridges o crestas) son definidos como un segmento de curva simple. La combinación de varios ridges es reconocida por el algoritmo como un patrón de huella dactilar. Además de las minucias, las huellas dactilares contienen dos tipos especiales de rasgos llamados puntos core y delta. Estos puntos son referidos como los puntos de singularidad de una huella dactilar. El punto core se define como el punto más alto en el ridge curvo más interior. Este punto es usado posteriormente como punto de referencia para la codificación de minucias.Regarding the digital signal processor 2, it is a DSP board that includes a fingerprint recognition algorithm, and which is responsible for the digital treatment of the image of the fingerprint obtained by means of the optical sensor, generating an output that is a list of identities of people who can have the mark given. In addition, it gives a score of each identity indicating the degree of similarity between it and the given footprint. These details (ridges or ridges) are defined as a simple curve segment. The combination of several ridges is recognized by the algorithm as a footprint pattern fingerprint In addition to the minutiae, fingerprints contain two special types of features called core and delta points. These points are referred to as the singularity points of a fingerprint. The core point is defined as the highest point in the innermost curved ridge. This point is subsequently used as a reference point for minute coding.
En el referido contexto, la placa DSP se encarga principalmente de: - Control del sensor óptico para la obtención de la imagen .In this context, the DSP board is mainly responsible for: - Control of the optical sensor to obtain the image.
Mejoramiento de la imagen (aplicando transformadas de Fourier) .Image enhancement (applying Fourier transforms).
Creación de una imagen direccional para obtener la estructura global de la huella digital.Creation of a directional image to obtain the overall structure of the fingerprint.
Segmentación de la imagen para eliminar las partes de la huella que no llevan información válida. Función de red neuronal para obtener el punto "core" de la huella. - Postprocesamiento en el que se realiza la esqueletización de la huella.Image segmentation to eliminate parts of the footprint that do not carry valid information. Neural network function to obtain the "core" point of the footprint. - Postprocessing in which the skeletonization of the footprint is performed.
Extracción de características (terminaciones, bifurcaciones, lagunas, bordes independientes, puntos o islas, aguijones y cruces de la huella) . - Verificación: una vez detectadas las bifurcaciones y terminaciones dentro de la imagen, se forma una plantilla, la cual contiene el tipo de minucia detectada, posición, distancia a sus vecinos más cercanos y ángulo de orientación de la minucia. Con esta plantilla que se obtiene para cada minucia, se forma una base de conocimiento para cada individuo. Si la imagen pertenece a su clase de acuerdo con la estructura global de la huella dactilar del individuo, esta base de conocimiento se compara con la imagen del individuo a fin de poder decidir si pertenece o no al individuo.Feature extraction (terminations, bifurcations, lagoons, independent edges, points or islands, stingers and crossings of the track). - Verification: once the bifurcations and endings are detected within the image, a template is formed, which contains the type of minutiae detected, position, distance to its closest neighbors and orientation angle of the minutiae. With this template that is obtained for each minute, a knowledge base is formed for each individual. If the image belongs to your class according to the overall structure of the fingerprint of the individual, this knowledge base is compared with the image of the individual in order to decide whether or not it belongs to the individual.
En su configuración básica, el DSP, cuando reconoce una huella y ésta tiene permiso envia una señal al bloque de tratamiento interno 3, el cual activa un primer relé del bloque de tratamiento externo de señal 4, y si la huella reconocida es de coacción o amenaza, activa además de ese primer relé un segundo relé que será el encargado de poner en marcha un sistema anti-intrusos, por ejemplo, con el que se puede integrar el sistema.In its basic configuration, the DSP, when it recognizes a fingerprint and it has permission, sends a signal to the internal treatment block 3, which activates a first relay of the external signal treatment block 4, and if the recognized fingerprint is of constraint or threat, in addition to that first relay activates a second relay that will be in charge of starting an anti-intrusion system, for example, with which the system can be integrated.
Respecto al bloque de tratamiento interno de señal 3, se trata de un bloque que se encarga de realizar una conexión bidireccional con la placa DSP a través del protocolo de comunicaciones UART, para que todos los datos de estado del proceso, asi como los de "matching" y verificación de usuarios realizados por la placa DSP y que transmite a través de UART sean enviados al bloque de tratamiento externo 4 y convertidos a lObaseT con el objetivo de poder transportar éstos a través de una red local para el posterior tratamiento de datos en un software externo de control.Regarding the internal signal processing block 3, it is a block that is responsible for making a bidirectional connection with the DSP board through the UART communications protocol, so that all the process status data, as well as those of " matching "and verification of users carried out by the DSP board and transmitting through UART are sent to the external processing block 4 and converted to lObaseT with the objective of being able to transport them through a local network for the subsequent data processing in An external control software.
Respecto al bloque de tratamiento externo de señal 4, se trata de un bloque consistente en un circuito basado en un puente ETHERNET TO UART que permite trabajar con el sistema en conexión con red local, y por otra parte permite ejecutar el accionamiento de un sistema electro-mecánico para su posterior aplicación a puertas, motores, etc,With respect to the external signal processing block 4, it is a block consisting of a circuit based on an ETHERNET TO UART bridge that allows working with the system in connection with the local network, and on the other hand allows executing the operation of an electro system -mechanical for subsequent application to doors, motors, etc,
(cuenta con relés NO/NC) . Este bloque 4 tiene comunicación directa con el bloque de tratamiento interno 3 a través de lineas digitales CMOS y TTL, con el objetivo de que el accionamiento de los relés esté gobernado en todo momento por el bloque de tratamiento interno 3 en función de que la huella digital procesada esté verificada o no.(It has NO / NC relays). This block 4 has direct communication with the internal treatment block 3 via CMOS and TTL digital lines, so that the relay operation is governed at all times by the treatment block internal 3 depending on whether the processed fingerprint is verified or not.
Además, el bloque de tratamiento interno de señal 3, según se indicó anteriormente y según se aprecia en la figura 1, dispone del módulo bluetooth 5 con conexión directa al DSP a través del bloque de tratamiento interno 3 para dar de alta a usuarios en el circuito DSP mediante un dispositivo externo bluetooth, como por ejemplo un teléfono móvil o PDA con el correspondiente software de control instalado.In addition, the internal signal processing block 3, as indicated above and as seen in Figure 1, has the bluetooth module 5 with direct connection to the DSP through the internal processing block 3 to register users in the DSP circuit via an external bluetooth device, such as a mobile phone or PDA with the corresponding control software installed.
El procesador digital de señal (DSP) , internamente está programado para funcionar de manera autónoma, siendo reconfigurable mediante una serie de comandos que puede recibir desde diversos medios tales como Ethernet, bluetooth, USB, bus 485 u otros.The digital signal processor (DSP) is internally programmed to operate autonomously, being reconfigurable through a series of commands that can be received from various media such as Ethernet, bluetooth, USB, bus 485 or others.
La novedad en cuanto al diseño de la programación del DSP consiste en que está orientada a eventos, y eso permite activar las salidas y relés de manera adecuada a los eventos recibidos. Estos eventos se reprograman mediante los comandos recibidos desde el software externo de control, generando con esto un producto versátil y adaptable a toda clase de situaciones. Entre otras opciones esta la de destacar la posibilidad de asignar diferentes tramos horarios de acceso independientemente para cada dispositivo, de manera que el aparato es capaz de reconocer si una persona está dentro de su horario de acceso y le permite o deniega el paso según el horario.The novelty regarding the design of the DSP programming is that it is event-oriented, and that allows activating the outputs and relays in an appropriate way to the events received. These events are reprogrammed by means of the commands received from the external control software, generating with this a versatile product and adaptable to all kinds of situations. Among other options is to highlight the possibility of assigning different sections of access schedules independently for each device, so that the device is able to recognize if a person is within their access schedule and allows or denies the step according to the schedule .
La configuración de enrolamiento de usuarios y gestión de eventos puede modificarse via Ethernet o bus 485 mediante un software externo de control, si se encuentra conectado mediante alguno de dichos medios. Además, también se puede cambiar la configuración con un dispositivo que disponga de comunicación bluetooth o USB y conectarse a él. El sistema permite configuraciones en red como la mostrada en la figura 9, donde de cada lector sale un cable de red que va a un armario de conexiones de planta o a un SWITCH. Respecto del software externo de control que se ha mencionado anteriormente, existen dos versiones; una para PCS y portátiles, que es la que funciona via Ethernet o USB y otra para dispositivos móviles (PDA, teléfono móvil, etc) que es la que tiene un funcionamiento mediante bluetooth.The configuration of user enrollment and event management can be modified via Ethernet or bus 485 via external control software, if it is connected by any of these means. In addition, you can also change the configuration with a device that has bluetooth or USB communication and connect to it. The system allows network configurations such as the one shown in figure 9, where a network cable goes out of each reader that goes to a plant connection cabinet or a SWITCH. Regarding the external control software mentioned above, there are two versions; one for PCS and laptops, which is the one that works via Ethernet or USB and another for mobile devices (PDA, mobile phone, etc.) which is the one that has a bluetooth operation.
La comunicación por bluetooth con el sistema de la invención, permite a lectores que estén operando de forma individual (sin estar conectados a ninguna red Ethernet) el enviar o recibir datos. También permite el alta o baja de usuarios. Esta parte, que en un principio podria ser más vulnerable en términos de seguridad, se solventa con el añadido de la huella del administrador (huella maestra) .Bluetooth communication with the system of the invention allows readers who are operating individually (without being connected to any Ethernet network) to send or receive data. It also allows the registration or removal of users. This part, which at first could be more vulnerable in terms of security, is solved with the addition of the administrator's footprint (master footprint).
Esto significa que ante una petición de enrolamiento o borrado de huella a través de bluetooth se pide confirmación poniendo la huella de uno de los administradores del dispositivo en el lector. Una vez verificada la presencia del administrador se procede normalmente. Mediante este procedimiento se consigue una seguridad total ya que la propiedad del dispositivo móvil (y su consiguiente interacción con el dispositivo lector de huella) queda asegurada con la identificación del portador.This means that before a request for enrollment or deletion of a fingerprint via bluetooth, confirmation is requested by placing the fingerprint of one of the administrators of the device on the reader. Once verified the presence of the administrator proceeds normally. Through this procedure, total security is achieved since the ownership of the mobile device (and its subsequent interaction with the fingerprint reader device) is ensured with the identification of the carrier.
El software externo de control es capaz de realizar las siguientes acciones:The external control software is capable of performing the following actions:
Enrolamiento (dar de alta) de usuarios. - Borrado de usuarios.Enrollment (registration) of users. - Deletion of users.
Modificación de huellas de usuarios.Modification of user tracks.
Recibir lista de eventos y entradas de usuarios.Receive list of events and user entries.
Configurar eventos y relés. Crear horarios. Asignar horarios a personas.Configure events and relays. Create schedules Assign schedules to people.
Respecto al funcionamiento lógico del algoritmo de reconocimiento dactilar empleado cabe indicar lo siguiente: La huella dactilar se forma por la existencia de pliegues que dan lugar a crestas capilares y la región entre ellas (valles) . Las crestas forman las llamadas minucias, que consisten en finales de linea, bifurcaciones y puntos singulares. El patrón que forma las minucias de una huella dactilar es único; incluso las huellas dactilares de un mismo individuo son diferentes. Por tanto, es prácticamente imposible encontrar dos huellas dactilares idénticas. Las imágenes obtenidas por los sensores dactilares son ruidosas, de poco contraste, borrosas y con muchos defectos. Por ello es necesario emplear potentes técnicas de procesado de imágenes. La imagen capturada se procesa para obtener una escala uniforme de grisesRegarding the logical operation of the fingerprint recognition algorithm used, the following should be indicated: The fingerprint is formed by the existence of folds that give rise to capillary ridges and the region between them (valleys). The crests form the so-called minutiae, which consist of end of line, bifurcations and singular points. The pattern that forms the minutiae of a fingerprint is unique; Even the fingerprints of the same individual are different. Therefore, it is virtually impossible to find two identical fingerprints. The images obtained by the finger sensors are noisy, low contrast, blurred and with many defects. Therefore, it is necessary to use powerful image processing techniques. The captured image is processed to obtain a uniform gray scale
(igualación de histograma) . Se establece un umbral que permite la binarización de la imagen. De esta forma, aumenta la discriminación entre las crestas y valles. Asimismo, se procede al adelgazamiento de las lineas de interés, para facilitar la detección de las minucias, eliminando las áreas con ruido (esqueletización) . En la primera fase de extracción de minucias se seleccionan los puntos candidatos a ser una minucia. Para ello, se emplean algoritmos de reconocimiento de patrones. En la segunda fase de extracción de minucias se descartan las minucias falsas, aquéllas que son artificios y no representan a una verdadera minucia fisica. Para ello, se emplean algoritmos de reconocimiento de patrones más selectivos que los empleados en el paso previo. En la tercera y última fase de extracción de minucias se descartan más minucias, que han pasado la fase previa pero realmente no son representativas . Se emplean algoritmos de reconocimiento de patrones aún más selectivos, que pueden operar debido a que el número de puntos comprobados es mucho menor. En la última fase se forma la representación matemática de la huella dactilar. Únicamente se mantiene la posición de los puntos que representan las minucias y el centro. La comparación de estas posiciones y distancias será lo que permita reconocer la huella dactilar en ocasiones posteriores . En un segundo ejemplo que hace referencia a una de las realizaciones preferidas del sistema anteriormente descrito, se trata de un sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de la geografía de las venas de la mano, con control por bluetooth, cuyo funcionamiento de muestra en la figura 7, donde puede verse que tras un reconocimiento de la imagen 50 de la configuración de las venas de una mano de un usuario se efectúa una extracción de características 51 y una comparación electrónica 52 con una base de datos 53, de manera que el sistema da una salida de identificación o no identificación 54 que permite comandar una puerta, acceso, análogo u otros automatismos.(histogram matching). A threshold is established that allows binarization of the image. In this way, discrimination between ridges and valleys increases. Also, we proceed to thin the lines of interest, to facilitate the detection of minutiae, eliminating areas with noise (skeletonization). In the first phase of minutiae extraction the candidate points are selected to be a minutiae. For this, pattern recognition algorithms are used. In the second phase of minutiae extraction, false minutiae are discarded, those that are artifice and do not represent true physical minutiae. For this, algorithms for recognizing more selective patterns than those used in the previous step are used. In the third and final phase of minutiae extraction, more minutiae are discarded, which have passed the previous phase but are really not representative. Algorithms for recognition of even more selective patterns are used, which can operate because the number of points tested is much smaller. In the last phase the mathematical representation of the fingerprint is formed. Only the position of the points representing the minutiae and the center is maintained. The comparison of these positions and distances will be what allows the fingerprint to be recognized on subsequent occasions. In a second example that refers to one of the preferred embodiments of the system described above, it is an access control system and presence by biometric reading of the geography of the veins of the hand, with bluetooth control, whose operation of it shows in figure 7, where it can be seen that after a recognition of the image 50 of the configuration of the veins of a hand of a user a feature extraction 51 and an electronic comparison 52 with a database 53 are performed, so that the system gives an identification or non-identification output 54 that allows to command a door, access, analog or other automatisms.
Este funcionamiento se implementa físicamente mediante los bloques representados en la figura 6, donde puede verse como un usuario 48 coloca la palma de una de sus manos sobre un sensor de lectura vascular 31 conectado a una placa de ordenador 32 basada en microprocesador 46 y dotada de software especifico asi como de un algoritmo de reconocimiento vascular. Antes de que el sistema entre en funcionamiento, habrá sido necesario un proceso de enrolamiento previo, esto es una captura de la palma de la mano del usuario 48 para incluirla en la correspondiente base de datos del sistema. Las venas del cuerpo humano presentan una distribución geométrica única para cada persona y que es invariable con el paso del tiempo. Su distribución aleatoria permite que el sensor 31 capte mediante luz infrarroja las venas superficiales de la mano, de manera que se obtiene un patrón exclusivo de cada individuo. Diversos estudios sobre este algoritmo de reconocimiento demuestran que no se producen resultados de falsa aceptación, por lo que las probabilidades de que el sistema se equivoque frente a usos fraudulentos son nulas. En lo que respecta a la humedad, el sistema es más seguro que los de huellas dactilares, mientras que en el caso de la luz ambiental, es necesario optimizar el escenario donde se ubicará el sensor 31, ya que las imágenes se velan con altas concentraciones de luz solar. En general, las tasas de error de lectura son bajas y fluctúan entre el 0,5 y el 0,2 %.This operation is physically implemented by the blocks shown in Figure 6, where it can be seen how a user 48 places the palm of one of his hands on a vascular reading sensor 31 connected to a computer plate 32 based on microprocessor 46 and provided with specific software as well as a vascular recognition algorithm. Before the system comes into operation, a prior enrollment process will have been necessary, this is a capture of the palm of the user's hand 48 to be included in the corresponding system database. The veins of the human body have a unique geometric distribution for each person and that is invariable over time. Its random distribution allows the sensor 31 to capture the superficial veins of the hand by infrared light, so that an exclusive pattern of each individual is obtained. Several studies on this recognition algorithm show that there are no results of false acceptance, so the chances of the system being wrong against fraudulent uses are nil. Regarding humidity, the system is safer than fingerprints, while in the case of ambient light, it is necessary to optimize the scenario where the sensor 31 will be located, since the images are veiled with high concentrations of sunlight. In general, the error reading rates are low and fluctuate between 0.5 and 0.2%.
El sensor de lectura vascular 31 funciona como un dispositivo CCD, similar al que utilizan las cámaras digitales, presentando un array de diodos sensible a la luz que genera una señal eléctrica en respuesta a fotones de luz. Este dispositivo logra capturar una imagen del tramado de las venas de la palma de la mano a través del reflejo de rayos casi infrarrojos que a su vez emite. Gracias a que la hemoglobina desoxidada de la sangre absorbe parte de estos rayos reduciendo de este modo el ratio de reflexión, las venas aparecen como un patrón negro en la imagen capturada que representa un mapa geográfico único.The vascular reading sensor 31 functions as a CCD device, similar to that used by digital cameras, presenting an array of light-sensitive diodes that generates an electrical signal in response to light photons. This device manages to capture an image of the hatch of the veins of the palm of the hand through the reflection of almost infrared rays that in turn emits. Thanks to the fact that the deoxygenated hemoglobin in the blood absorbs part of these rays thus reducing the reflection rate, the veins appear as a black pattern in the captured image that represents a unique geographical map.
La placa de ordenador 32 es una placa de ordenador de tamaño reducido (PC embebido) donde se encuentra instalado un software de desarrollo especifico y el algoritmo de reconocimiento. Esta placa 32 lleva un procesador a una frecuencia de 1 GHz junto a una memoria DDR2 de 1 GB, mientras que el software se almacena en un disco duro de estado sólido de 4 GB. Además, la placa de ordenador posee cuatro puertos USB, un puerto serie, salida de audio, controlador de pantallas gráficas LCD-TFT y CRT y conector de red Ethernet. Las dimensiones de esta placa 32 se sitúan en torno a 10 x 7 cm, contando además con refrigeración forzada por medio de un disipador junto a un ventilador 37 situado en el mismo. La alimentación de esta placa 32 la proporciona una fuente de alimentación 33 con potencia de 60 watios. El software embebido de la placa 32 actúa como gestor del algoritmo de detección y validación del mapa de las venas de la mano. Además, se encarga de la activación de una serie de relés 41, preferentemente en número de 3 para activar apertura de puertas 20, alarmas o sistemas domóticos. Este software controla además un conjunto de leds de visualización o leds indicadores 39, asi como una pantalla TFT 38 y un altavoz 36 que aporta información relacionada con una autentificación del registro tomado y otra serie de datos de interés, de manera que se da información visual y sonora al usuario. Además, dicho software procesa una información de control proveniente de un dispositivo móvil, teléfono móvil o PDA con soporte JAVA, con tecnología bluetooth 47.The computer board 32 is a small-sized computer board (embedded PC) where specific development software and the recognition algorithm are installed. This board 32 carries a processor at a frequency of 1 GHz next to a DDR2 memory of 1 GB, while the software is stored on a hard disk of 4 GB solid state. In addition, the computer board has four USB ports, a serial port, audio output, LCD-TFT and CRT graphic display controller and Ethernet network connector. The dimensions of this plate 32 are around 10 x 7 cm, also with forced cooling by means of a heatsink next to a fan 37 located therein. The power supply of this plate 32 is provided by a power supply 33 with a power of 60 watts. The embedded software of the plate 32 acts as the manager of the algorithm for detecting and validating the map of the veins of the hand. In addition, it is responsible for activating a series of relays 41, preferably in the number of 3 to activate the opening of doors 20, alarms or home automation systems. This software also controls a set of display LEDs or indicator LEDs 39, as well as a TFT screen 38 and a speaker 36 that provides information related to an authentication of the record taken and another series of data of interest, so that visual information is given and sounds to the user. In addition, this software processes control information from a mobile device, mobile phone or PDA with JAVA support, with bluetooth technology 47.
Por otra parte el correspondiente sistema operativo se encuentra almacenado en la memoria de estado sólido de la placa de ordenador 32.On the other hand, the corresponding operating system is stored in the solid state memory of the computer board 32.
Respecto a la fuente de alimentación 33 que se ha mencionado, se trata de una fuente que proporciona tensión a diversos bloques del sistema, siendo una fuente de tipo conmutada con una tensión de entrada de 220 voltios de alterna y salidas múltiples de 5, 3,3 y 12 voltios de continua, con una potencia total de 60 watios; siendo una fuerte compacta con protecciones contra sobretensión y sobrecorrientes .With respect to the power supply 33 mentioned above, it is a source that provides voltage to various blocks of the system, being a switching type source with an input voltage of 220 volts alternating and multiple outputs of 5, 3, 3 and 12 volts continuous, with a total power of 60 watts; being a Strong compact with overvoltage and overcurrent protections.
Según puede verse en la figura 6, la placa de ordenador 32 conecta con: la referida fuente de alimentación 33, una placa de control 34 basada en microcontrolador 42, un bloque de indicación visual 35 que incluye los leds indicadores 39 y la pantalla 38, el referido altavoz 36, el referido sensor 31 y un bloque de conectores 40. Como también puede verse en dicha figura 6, esa placa de control 34 dispone de un módulo de control de refrigeración 43 para el ventilador 37, de un módulo de control de indicadores 44 para los leds indicadores 39, de una pluralidad de relés 41 que facilitan el comando de puertas o análogos 20 y de un módulo bluetooth 45 que en combinación con el referido teléfono móvil 47 dotado de bluetooth facilita programación, cambios de datos y cambios de parámetros del sistema.As can be seen in Figure 6, the computer board 32 connects with: the aforementioned power supply 33, a control board 34 based on a microcontroller 42, a visual indication block 35 that includes the indicator LEDs 39 and the display 38, said loudspeaker 36, said sensor 31 and a connector block 40. As can also be seen in said figure 6, that control plate 34 has a cooling control module 43 for fan 37, a control module of indicators 44 for the LED indicators 39, of a plurality of relays 41 that facilitate the control of doors or analogs 20 and of a bluetooth module 45 which in combination with said mobile phone 47 equipped with bluetooth facilitates programming, data changes and changes of system parameters
El microcontrolador 42 de la placa de control 34 se encarga de recibir órdenes por medio de una conexión USB del software alojado en la placa de ordenador. Mediante esas órdenes se activan los relés 41 que a su vez activan las puertas 20, alarmas u otros dispositivos, excitando además a los leds 39 cuando se produce una autentificación correcta, incorrecta o se está en modo de espera. Por otra parte, el microcontrolador 42 lleva a cabo la supervisión de la ventilación forzada para garantizar la refrigeración correcta. Como se dijo anteriormente, en esta placa de control 34 se encuentra el módulo bluetooth 45 proporcionándosele aqui la alimentación y señales de control necesarias. Además, en la placa de control 34 se encuentran diversos conectores asociados a los relés 41, al módulo bluetooth 45, al ventilador 37, a puertos USB, leds 39 y pantalla 38. Dicha pantalla 38 consiste en un modelo de 3,5 pulgadas a color, con unas dimensiones de 76,7 por 64,1 mm, un contraste de 300 a 1 y 250 candelas. Esta pantalla 38 se conecta a la pantalla de ordenador 32 por medio de una interfaz LVDS, siendo su propósito mostrar todos los datos posibles de la persona que ha sido autentificada correctamente, además de otros datos tales como estado del sistema, notas informativas, etc.The microcontroller 42 of the control board 34 is responsible for receiving orders via a USB connection of the software hosted on the computer board. By means of these orders, the relays 41 are activated, which in turn activate the doors 20, alarms or other devices, also exciting the LEDs 39 when a correct, incorrect authentication or in standby mode is produced. On the other hand, the microcontroller 42 carries out the supervision of the forced ventilation to guarantee the correct cooling. As stated earlier, the bluetooth module 45 is located on this control board 34, providing the necessary power and control signals here. In addition, on the control board 34 there are various connectors associated with the relays 41, the bluetooth module 45, the fan 37, USB ports, LEDs 39 and screen 38. Said screen 38 consists of a 3.5-inch color model, with dimensions of 76.7 by 64.1 mm, a contrast of 300 to 1 and 250 candles. This screen 38 is connected to the computer screen 32 by means of an LVDS interface, its purpose being to display all possible data of the person who has been correctly authenticated, in addition to other data such as system status, information notes, etc.
En el presente ejemplo de realización de la invención, junto a los diodos led 39 se dispone un detector de presencia que activa la pantalla 38 cuando detecta a un usuario 18 a 60 cm, produciéndose en dicha pantalla 38 una indicación que pide a dicho usuario 18 que sitúe su mano en una zona de lectura. Respecto al ventilador 37, se puede indicar que es un elemento que proporciona la ventilación necesaria para mantener el sistema en condiciones térmicas idóneas, especialmente para evitar sobrecalentamientos en la placa de ordenador 32, reduciendo asi posibles fallos. El ventilador 37 que se ha empleado en el ejemplo de realización es un modelo de reducidas dimensiones, nivel sonoro pequeño y que funciona con tensiones continuas de 5 voltios y una corriente de 140 miliamperios .In the present embodiment of the invention, next to the LEDs 39 there is a presence detector that activates the screen 38 when it detects a user 18 to 60 cm, producing on said screen 38 an indication that asks said user 18 Put your hand in a reading area. With respect to the fan 37, it can be indicated that it is an element that provides the necessary ventilation to keep the system in suitable thermal conditions, especially to avoid overheating in the computer board 32, thus reducing possible failures. The fan 37 that has been used in the exemplary embodiment is a model of small dimensions, small sound level and that operates with continuous voltages of 5 volts and a current of 140 milliamps.
Tal y como puede apreciarse en la figura 6, el sensor 31, la placa de ordenador 32, la fuente de alimentación 33, la placa de control 34, el bloque de indicaciones visuales 35, el altavoz 36, el ventilador 37 y el bloque de conectores 40 se agrupan en una carcasa general 19 que constituye una unidad cuyo aspecto fisico real puede apreciarse en la vista en perspectiva de la figura 8, apreciándose en esta perspectiva el acceso al sensor 31, las ranuras de salida del sonido del altavoz 36, los indicadores led 39 y la pantalla TFT 38. La unidad que constituye la carcasa general 19, junto con los correspondientes bloques internos que incluye, facilita junto a otras unidades análogas con configuración de red el gobierno coordinado de una pluralidad de puertas o accesos 20, tal como se ilustra en la figura 9.As can be seen in Figure 6, the sensor 31, the computer board 32, the power supply 33, the control board 34, the visual indication block 35, the speaker 36, the fan 37 and the power block connectors 40 are grouped in a general housing 19 that constitutes a unit whose actual physical appearance can be seen in the perspective view of Figure 8, with access in this perspective being appreciated, the sound output slots of the speaker 36, the LED indicators 39 and TFT screen 38. The unit that constitutes the general housing 19, together with the corresponding internal blocks that it includes, facilitates, together with other similar units with network configuration, the coordinated governance of a plurality of doors or accesses 20, as illustrated in Figure 9.
El procesador 46 de la placa de ordenador está programado para hacer funcionar el dispositivo correspondiente de manera autónoma, siendo esta programación reconfigurable mediante de una serie de comandos que se pueden recibir desde Ethernet y bluetooth.The processor 46 of the computer board is programmed to operate the corresponding device autonomously, this programming being reconfigurable by means of a series of commands that can be received from Ethernet and bluetooth.
Por otra parte, el software embebido de la placa de ordenador 32 facilita una orientación a eventos, permitiendo activar salidas y relés de manera adecuada a los eventos recibidos. Dichos elementos se reprograman mediante los comandos recibidos desde un software externo de control, determinando asi un elemento versátil y adaptable a toda clase de situaciones. Asi, es destacable la posibilidad de asignar diferentes tramos horarios de acceso independientemente para cada dispositivo o unidad de un determinado conjunto de ellos operando en conjunto, de manera que se posibilita un reconocimiento de la persona estando dentro de su horario de acceso, permitiéndose o denegándose el paso según la hora.On the other hand, the embedded software of the computer board 32 facilitates an orientation to events, allowing activating outputs and relays in a manner appropriate to the events received. These elements are reprogrammed by means of the commands received from an external control software, thus determining a versatile element adaptable to all kinds of situations. Thus, it is remarkable the possibility of assigning different access time sections independently for each device or unit of a certain set of them operating together, so that a recognition of the person is allowed within their access schedule, allowing or denying The step according to the time.
La configuración del sistema de este ejemplo o Plug Vascular (enrolamiento de usuarios y gestión de eventos) , puede modificarse via Ethernet o bus 485 mediante el software externo de control, si el dispositivo se encuentra conectado mediante alguno de dicho medios. Por otro lado, también se puede cambiar la configuración con un dispositivo que disponga de comunicación bluetooth o USB y conectarse a él.The system configuration of this example or Vascular Plug (user enrollment and event management), can be modified via Ethernet or bus 485 via external control software, if the device is connected by any of said means. On the other hand, you can also change the configuration with a device that has bluetooth or USB communication and connect to it.
La configuración mostrada en la figura 9 corresponde a una configuración tipica en red donde cada lector del sistema presenta un cable de salida o cable de red que va a un armario de conexiones o a un switch.The configuration shown in Figure 9 corresponds to a typical network configuration where each reader of the The system has an output cable or network cable that goes to a connection cabinet or a switch.
Se han previsto dos versiones para el software externo de control: una para PCs y portátiles, que es la que funciona via Ethernet o USB y otra para dispositivos móviles (PDA, teléfonos móviles, etc.) que es la que tiene un funcionamiento mediante bluetooth.Two versions are planned for the external control software: one for PCs and laptops, which is the one that works via Ethernet or USB and another for mobile devices (PDA, mobile phones, etc.) which is the one that has a bluetooth operation .
La comunicación por bluetooth con el dispositivo permite a lectores que estén operando de forma individual (sin estar conectados a una red Ethernet) el enviar o recibir datos. También permite el alta o baja de usuarios. Esta parte del sistema, que en un principio podria ser más vulnerable en términos de seguridad, se solventa con el añadido de la palma del administrador (palma maestra) . Esto significa que ante una petición de enrolamiento o borrado de palma a través de bluetooth se pide confirmación poniendo la palma de la mano de uno de los administradores del dispositivo en el lector. Una vez verificada la presencia del administrador se procede normalmente. Mediante este procedimiento se consigue una seguridad total, ya que la propiedad del dispositivo móvil (y su consiguiente interacción con el dispositivo lector vascular) queda asegurada con la identificación del portador . El referido software externo de control es capaz de realizar acciones tales como: enrolamiento (dar de alta) de usuario, borrado de usuarios, modificación de huellas de usuarios, recibir lista de eventos y entradas de usuarios, configurar eventos y relés, crear horarios y asignar horarios a personas. Bluetooth communication with the device allows readers who are operating individually (without being connected to an Ethernet network) to send or receive data. It also allows the registration or removal of users. This part of the system, which at first could be more vulnerable in terms of security, is solved with the addition of the administrator's palm (master palm). This means that before a request for enrollment or deletion of palm via bluetooth, confirmation is requested by placing the palm of one of the device administrators on the reader. Once verified the presence of the administrator proceeds normally. Through this procedure, total security is achieved, since the property of the mobile device (and its consequent interaction with the vascular reader device) is ensured with the identification of the carrier. The aforementioned external control software is capable of carrying out actions such as: enrollment (registration) of users, deletion of users, modification of user tracks, receiving list of events and user entries, configuring events and relays, creating schedules and Assign schedules to people.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1.- Sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de partes de la mano con control por bluetooth, que comprende una identificación de un usuario tras reconocimiento óptico de partes de la mano de dicho usuario, estando dichas partes seleccionadas entre la huella dactilar del usuario y la geografía de las venas de una mano del usuario, extracción de características de la parte de la mano que se reconoce y comparación electrónica de dichas características con una base de datos, permitiendo comandar un acceso cuando la identificación del usuario es positiva; caracterizado porque dicho sistema comprende :1.- Access control system and presence by biometric reading of parts of the hand with bluetooth control, which includes an identification of a user after optical recognition of parts of the hand of said user, said parts being selected between the fingerprint of the user and the geography of the veins of a hand of the user, extraction of characteristics of the part of the hand that is recognized and electronic comparison of said characteristics with a database, allowing to command an access when the identification of the user is positive; characterized in that said system comprises:
• un sensor de reconocimiento, estando dicho sensor seleccionado entre un sensor de lectura de huella dactilar y un sensor de lectura vascular;• a recognition sensor, said sensor being selected between a fingerprint reading sensor and a vascular reading sensor;
• un procesador digital de señal, conectado a dicho sensor, dotado de software especifico y de un algoritmo de reconocimiento seleccionado entre un algoritmo de reconocimiento dactilar y un algoritmo de reconocimiento vascular;• a digital signal processor, connected to said sensor, provided with specific software and a recognition algorithm selected between a fingerprint recognition algorithm and a vascular recognition algorithm;
• una placa de control que comprende al menos un microcontrolador;• a control board comprising at least one microcontroller;
• al menos un relé que comprende comandar dicho acceso; y,• at least one relay comprising commanding said access; Y,
• un módulo bluetooth que comunica con el procesador digital de señal para configurar el sistema y dar de alta y baja a usuarios a través de un dispositivo externo bluetooth. • a bluetooth module that communicates with the digital signal processor to configure the system and register and cancel users through an external bluetooth device.
2.- Sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de partes de la mano con control por bluetooth, caracterizado porque cuando se realiza la lectura biométrica de la huella dactilar de la mano mediante un sensor de lectura de huella dactilar, dicho sistema comprende:2.- Access control system and presence by biometric reading of parts of the hand with bluetooth control, characterized in that when the biometric reading of the fingerprint of the hand is performed by means of a fingerprint reading sensor, said system comprises:
• un bloque de tratamiento interno de señal conectado al procesador digital de señal; « un bloque de tratamiento externo dotado de salida a red local, estando dicho bloque de tratamiento externo conectado al bloque de tratamiento interno de señal y comprendiendo el bloque de tratamiento externo una salida de control de relés y una entrada de red de alimentación;• an internal signal processing block connected to the digital signal processor; "An external treatment block provided with output to the local network, said external treatment block being connected to the internal signal processing block and the external treatment block comprising a relay control output and a supply network input;
• un bloque de alimentación interna conectado al bloque de tratamiento externo de señal; y,• an internal power block connected to the external signal processing block; Y,
• un tamper de seguridad integrado en el bloque de tratamiento interno de señal para el accionamiento de una alarma en caso de sabotaje. y donde el microcontrolador se encarga de gestionar el funcionamiento del sistema y una memoria de registros de tramos horarios; existiendo otra memoria de claves correspondientes a huellas dactilares en el procesador digital de señal.• a safety tamper integrated in the internal signal processing block for the activation of an alarm in case of sabotage. and where the microcontroller is responsible for managing the operation of the system and a memory of time zone records; There is another key memory corresponding to fingerprints in the digital signal processor.
3.- Sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de partes de la mano con control por bluetooth, según la reivindicación 2, caracterizado porque:3. Access control system and presence by biometric reading of hand parts with bluetooth control, according to claim 2, characterized in that:
• el sensor de huella dactilar es un dispositivo CCD similar al que utilizan las cámaras digitales;• the fingerprint sensor is a CCD device similar to that used by digital cameras;
• el procesador digital de señal es una placa DSP que emplea un algoritmo de reconocimiento dactilar y tratamiento digital de imagen;• the digital signal processor is a DSP board that uses a fingerprint recognition and digital image processing algorithm;
• el bloque de tratamiento interno presenta conexión bidireccional con dicha placa DSP a través de un protocolo de comunicaciones UART;• the internal treatment block has a bi-directional connection with said DSP board through a UART communications protocol;
• el microcontrolador controla el funcionamiento general del dispositivo y hace de puente de comunicaciones entre las señales recibidas de la placa DSP, el bloque de tratamiento externo y el módulo bluetooth;• The microcontroller controls the overall operation of the device and acts as a communications bridge between the signals received from the DSP board, the external treatment block and the bluetooth module;
• el bloque de tratamiento externo es un circuito basado en un puente ETHERNET TO UART que permite trabajar con el sistema en conexión con red local, permitiendo además el accionamiento de medios electromecánicos a través de su salida para comando de accesos mediante tres relés; estando comunicado este bloque de tratamiento externo con el bloque de tratamiento interno a través de lineas digitales CMOS y TTL, en tanto que su puerto de comunicaciones se encuentra preparado para conectividades seleccionadas entre conectividades USB, conectividades WIEGAND, conectividades TCP/IP, conectividades RS-232, conectividades RS-485, y una combinación de ellas, que facilitan la aplicación de un software externo de control .• the external treatment block is a circuit based on an ETHERNET TO UART bridge that allows working with the system in connection with the local network, also allowing the activation of electromechanical means through its output for access control via three relays; this external treatment block being communicated with the internal treatment block via CMOS and TTL digital lines, while its communications port is prepared for selected connectivity between USB connectivity, WIEGAND connectivity, TCP / IP connectivity, RS connectivity 232, RS-485 connectivity, and a combination of them, which facilitate the application of external control software.
4.- Sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de partes de la mano con control por bluetooth, según la reivindicación 3, caracterizado porque dicho sistema se encuentra distribuido en al menos una unidad, donde cada unidad comprende una carcasa en la que al menos se incluyen el sensor de huella dactilar, el procesador digital de señal, el bloque de tratamiento interno de señal y el bloque de alimentación interna.4. Access control system and presence by biometric reading of parts of the hand with bluetooth control, according to claim 3, characterized in that said system is distributed in at least one unit, where each unit comprises a housing in which at least the fingerprint sensor, the digital signal processor, the internal signal processing block and the internal power supply block are included.
5.- Sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de partes de la mano con control por bluetooth, según la reivindicación 4, caracterizado porque dicha carcasa es un carcasa empotrable, integrada en una caja de obra de diseño especifico y que incorpora un imán de neodimio para la funcionalidad de tamper de seguridad, y que con la incorporación de un marco permite dejar visible en esa carcasa una zona frontal, opcionalmente provista de una tapa abatible, que permite acceder a una ventana donde el usuario aplica la yema de su dedo al objeto de que el sensor de huella la capture.5. Access control system and presence by biometric reading of parts of the hand with bluetooth control, according to claim 4, characterized in that said housing is a built-in housing, integrated in a specific design work box and incorporating a Neodymium magnet for tamper security functionality, and that with the incorporation of a frame allows a frontal area visible in that housing, optionally provided with a flip cover, which allows access to a window where the user applies the fingertip to the object that the fingerprint sensor captures.
6.- Sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de partes de la mano, con control por bluetooth, según la reivindicación 1, caracterizado porque cuando se realiza la lectura biométrica de la geografía de las venas de la mano mediante un sensor de lectura vascular dicho sistema comprende: • una fuente de alimentación, conectada al procesador digital de señal, que proporciona tensión al sistema;6. Access control system and presence by biometric reading of parts of the hand, with bluetooth control, according to claim 1, characterized in that when the biometric reading of the geography of the veins of the hand is performed by a sensor vascular reading said system comprises: • a power supply, connected to the digital signal processor, which provides voltage to the system;
• una placa de control, conectada al procesador digital de señal, que comprende un microcontrolador, un módulo de control de refrigeración que permite gobernar un ventilador de regulación térmica de la placa de ordenador, un módulo de control de indicadores que se aplica a los referidos diodos led y al menos un relé para comandar los accesos;• a control board, connected to the digital signal processor, comprising a microcontroller, a cooling control module that allows to govern a thermal regulation fan of the computer board, an indicator control module that applies to those referred to LEDs and at least one relay to command the accesses;
• un bloque de conectores, conectado al procesador digital de señal;• a block of connectors, connected to the digital signal processor;
• un bloque de indicaciones visuales, conectado al procesador digital de señal, que incluye una pantalla y unos diodos led; y,• a block of visual indications, connected to the digital signal processor, which includes a screen and LEDs; Y,
• un altavoz que proporciona mensajes sonoros; presentando la referida placa de control.• a speaker that provides sound messages; presenting the referred control board.
7.- Sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de partes de la mano, con control por bluetooth, según la reivindicación 6, caracterizado porque dicho sensor de lectura vascular, procesador digital de señal, fuente de alimentación, placa de control, bloque de indicaciones visuales, altavoz, ventilador y bloque de conectores se agrupan en una carcasa general que constituye una unidad y que facilita junto a otras unidades análogas y en configuración de red el gobierno coordinado de una pluralidad de accesos.7. Access control system and presence by biometric reading of parts of the hand, with bluetooth control, according to claim 6, characterized in that said vascular reading sensor, digital signal processor, power supply, control board, visual indication block, speaker, fan and connector block are grouped in a general housing that constitutes a unit and that facilitates with other analog units and in network configuration the coordinated government of a plurality of accesses.
8.- Sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de partes de la mano, con control por bluetooth, según cualquiera de las reivindicación 6 y 7, caracterizado porque la placa de ordenador dispone de:8. Access control system and presence by biometric reading of parts of the hand, with bluetooth control, according to any of claims 6 and 7, characterized in that the computer board has:
- un procesador a frecuencia de 1 GHz;- a processor at a frequency of 1 GHz;
- una memoria DDR2 de 1 GB;- a 1 GB DDR2 memory;
- un disco duro de estado sólido de 4 Gb; - cuatro puertos USB;- a 4 Gb solid state hard drive; - four USB ports;
- un puerto serie;- a serial port;
- una salida de audio;- an audio output;
- un controlador de pantallas gráficas LCD-TFT y CRT; y,- an LCD-TFT and CRT graphic display controller; Y,
- un conector de red Ethernet. - an Ethernet network connector.
9.- Sistema de control de accesos y presencia por lectura biométrica de partes de la mano, con control por bluetooth, según una cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 6 a 8, caracterizado porque al lado de los diodos led se dispone un detector de presencia que activa la pantalla cuando detecta a un usuario a 60 cm, indicándole que sitúe su mano en una zona de lectura. 9. Access control system and presence by biometric reading of parts of the hand, with bluetooth control, according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that next to the LEDs there is a presence detector that activates the screen when it detects a user 60 cm, telling him to place his hand in a reading area.
PCT/ES2010/070292 2009-05-12 2010-05-04 Bluetooth-controlled access and presence control system comprising the biometric reading of parts of the hand WO2010130857A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
ES200930153A ES2352622B1 (en) 2009-05-12 2009-05-12 SYSTEM OF ACCESS CONTROL AND PRESENCE BY BIOMETRIC READING OF THE GEOGRAPHY OF THE VEINS OF THE HAND, WITH BLUETOOTH CONTROL.
ESP200930153 2009-05-12
ESP200930150 2009-05-12
ES200930150A ES2352621B1 (en) 2009-05-12 2009-05-12 SYSTEM OF ACCESS CONTROL AND PRESENCE BY BIOMETRIC READING OF THE DACTILAR FOOTPRINT WITH BLUETOOTH CONTROL.

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