WO2010122734A1

WO2010122734A1 - Heat generating device and heat generating body used for same

Info

Publication number: WO2010122734A1
Application number: PCT/JP2010/002677
Authority: WO
Inventors: 永田鐵郎; 永田千恵子
Original assignee: Nagata Tetsuro; Nagata Chieko
Priority date: 2009-04-24
Filing date: 2010-04-13
Publication date: 2010-10-28
Also published as: JP5399481B2; JPWO2010122734A1

Abstract

Provided is a heat generating device which employs electromagnetic induction and has a high heat efficiency and a wide application range even with a simple mechanism. A heat generating body used for the heat generating device is also provided. On a disc having a rotating shaft (4), the heat generating device is provided with: a magnet wheel (1) which is composed of a rotating body (3) on which a plurality of magnets (5) facing the radiation directions are disposed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction such that the magnetic poles of the magnets alternately differ from each other; and an annular inductive conductor (2) which faces the magnetic surface of the magnet wheel (1) at a predetermined interval (d). The same number of slits (14, 15) for generating an induced electromotive force as the magnets (5) of the magnet wheel (1) are provided on the annular inductive conductor (2).

Description

Heating device and heating element used therefor

The present invention relates to a heating device of a simple mechanism using electromagnetic induction and a heating element used therefor.

As a conventional heating device, an IH cooker using a gas range, an electric heater, a microwave oven, and eddy current is known. Besides, a combustion apparatus for burning fossil fuel represented by an oil burner is used. In addition, the use of heat sources in the natural world, such as the use of solar water heaters, geothermal heat, and biomass fuels, has progressed considerably. However, there are pros and cons in using each of these heat sources, and it is currently the case that they are selectively used by customers and users. On the other hand, as a heat generating device, proposals for special technology that has not been universalized are sometimes found (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

JP 2007-278546 A

By the way, IH cooker is electromagnetic induction heating (IH, induction
use the principle of heating), apply high frequency current to the coil directly below the top plate to create changing magnetic lines of force, and generate eddy currents in iron or stainless steel pots with relatively high electrical resistance close to the coils. The Joule heat generated in the pan due to resistance is what is heated. For this IH cooker, copper products with low electrical resistance, non-conductive ceramics, clay pots, etc. can not be used. In addition, since it is necessary to create strong magnetic field lines, 200 V, which is a voltage not used frequently in general homes, is used as the power supply.

Although such an IH cooker is superior in terms of safety and thermal efficiency as compared to a gas range, its application range is narrow, and as a heat generating device, at present, it can not find use other than the cooker.
As a result of repeated research on heat generation devices by electromagnetic induction, the inventor completed a heat generation device having a wide range of application and a heat generating element used for the heat treatment device which has a simple mechanism but is superior in thermal efficiency to the structure of a conventional IH cooker. The present invention has been achieved.

An object of the present invention is to provide a heat generating device by electromagnetic induction, which has a simple mechanism but high thermal efficiency and a wide application range, and a heat generating element used therefor. Another object of the present invention is to provide a highly safe heating device.

In order to solve the above problems, the heat generating device according to the present invention is, for example, in the circumferential direction so that a plurality of magnets alternate between upper and lower magnetic poles on a disk having a rotation axis around the rotation axis. A rotating body (a rotating body on which the magnet is disposed is hereinafter referred to as a magnet wheel) disposed at a distance, and an annular inductive conductor opposed to the magnet surface of the magnet wheel with a predetermined gap therebetween. It is a first feature of the present invention that the annular induction conductor is provided with the same number of slits for generating an induced electromotive force as the magnets of the magnet wheel.

According to the heat generating device of the present invention, by providing the slit in the annular induction conductor, the magnetic flux emitted from the rotating magnet wheel is cut at the slit end face, and as if the coil of the generator cuts the magnetic flux The same effect as generating power will occur. Also, since the induction conductor in which this electromotive force is generated is continuous in a ring, the generated current flows in a ring throughout the induction conductor, but the length of the current flow, that is, the current path length is usually The electrical resistance is minimized because it is extremely short compared to the coil of the generator and the cross section is conversely large. Therefore, although the voltage of the electromotive force is small, a large current can be obtained, and a large calorific value can be obtained by Joule heat.

Here, the rotation of the magnet wheel may be in the relative rotation of the magnet wheel with respect to the induction conductor, and includes the case where both rotate in reverse.

In the heat generating device according to the present invention, the annular induction conductor is in the form of a doughnut-shaped disk, and slits are provided alternately in the outer peripheral edge portion and the inner peripheral edge portion, and the number of slits is The second feature is equal to the number of magnets.

The heating element according to the present invention comprises an annular induction conductor opposite to the magnet surface of the magnet wheel with a predetermined gap, and a slit for generating an induced electromotive force in the annular induction conductor is The first feature is that the same number of magnets as the magnet wheel is provided.

The heat generating body according to the present invention is a disk-shaped annular induction conductor having a donut shape, and slits are provided alternately at the outer peripheral edge and the inner peripheral edge, and the number of the slits is The second feature is equal to the number of magnets.

In the heating element according to the present invention, the shape of the annular induction conductor is a belt type having an annular shape, and slits are provided so as to alternately open at both ends, and the number of the slits is equal to the number of the magnets. As the third feature.

As described above, according to the heat generating device of the present invention, the heat generating device is generated by electromagnetic induction, and the electric resistance of the current path in the annular slitted induction conductor is obtained by the simple mechanism of rotating the magnet wheel. It is minimized, and a large current can be obtained even at a low voltage, and a large amount of heat generation can be obtained by Joule heat.

Because of this heat generation effect, it can be used for purposes other than a cooker, and can be widely used as a heat source of a large scale, for example, a heat storage boiler or the like.

Furthermore, since the control of the amount of heat generation can be easily performed by controlling the number of rotations of the magnet wheel, the effect of safety and security can be obtained as a heat generating device.

(A) is a side view of a heat generating apparatus showing a first embodiment of the present invention, (B) is a plan view of the same, (A) is a plan view of a rotating body used for the heat generating device shown in FIG. 1, (B) is the same side view, (A) is a plan view of a slitted induction conductor used for the heat generating apparatus shown in FIG. 1, (B) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of (A), (C) is C- of (A) C line arrow sectional view, (A) and (B) are explanatory views showing the operation of the heat generating device of the present invention, (A) and (B) are explanatory views showing the operation of the heat generating device of the present invention, An explanatory view of a heat generating device showing a second embodiment of the present invention, It is explanatory drawing which shows the temperature rising measurement result by the heat-emitting device of this invention.

The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention, and in FIG. 1, reference symbol S denotes a heat generating device according to the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1, the heat generating device S includes a magnet wheel 1 and an annular slit-like induction conductor 2.

As shown in FIG. 2, the magnet wheel 1 has a magnet disposed on the upper surface of a rotating plate (rotary body) 3 with a flange 3A made of iron, and the rotating shaft 4 is fixed at the center of the lower surface of the rotating plate 3 . The upper surface of the rotary plate 3 around the rotation center O _1, radial, that is, an even number of predetermined length of the permanent magnet (magnet) 5 facing the rotation center O _1, as the upper and lower magnetic poles are alternately different circumferential direction Are arranged at equal intervals.

A motor 6 is directly connected to the center of the lower surface of the rotary plate 3 via the rotary shaft 4. The motor 6 may be, for example, a general-purpose motor powered by AC 100 V for general household use, or may be a general-purpose motor that can be used outdoors. As shown in FIG. 1, the upper base 8 is mounted or fixed on the upper surface of the lower base 7 which can be installed on the ground or floor, and the support 9 is supported upright on the upper surface of the upper base 8. It is stably supported by the support portion 9 so that the position 6 is in a vertical posture with the ground, the floor surface and the like. As a result, the rotating body 1 is rotatably supported in a horizontal posture with the ground, floor, etc. directly above the motor 6 via the rotation shaft 4 and can be carried together with the upper base 8 or integrally with the lower base 7. ing.

A side wall plate 10 horizontally supporting the top plate 11 is provided on the upper surface of the lower base 7 around the upper base 8 so as to maintain a slight gap (0.5 mm in the illustrated example) with the upper surface of the magnet wheel 1 ing. A heat resistant material 12, for example, a ceramic paper, is attached to the upper surface of the top plate 11 using wooden plywood. Further, on the magnet surface of the magnet wheel 1, a similar heat-resistant material 12, for example, a ceramic paper, is attached to protect the permanent magnet 5 from heat.

As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the annular slitted induction conductor 2 has a diameter (outside diameter) D ₂ larger than the diameter (outside diameter) D _{1 of the} rotary plate 3 excluding the flange 3A of the magnet wheel 1. And is disposed on the heat-resistant material 12 on the top surface of the top plate 11 with a predetermined gap d from the top surface 1 a of the magnet wheel 1 while facing in parallel with the top surface 1 a of the magnet wheel 1. At this time, the center O ₂ of the slit induction conductors 2 is aligned such that the center O ₁ and substantially coaxially of the rotating plate 3.

As shown in FIG. 3, such an annular disk-shaped slit-induction conductive member 2 is provided with a circular opening 13 at the center O ₂ portion. Furthermore, the first slit 14 a predetermined length extending from the outer peripheral edge 2a halfway toward the center O ₂ is provided with a plurality (four in total in the illustrated example) at predetermined intervals (90 degree intervals in the illustrated example). Further, the second slits 15 of a predetermined length extending halfway from the inner peripheral edge 2b of the central opening 13 toward the outer peripheral edge 2a are positioned between the adjacent first slits 14 and have a predetermined interval (see FIG. In the example shown, a plurality (a total of four in the example shown) is provided at intervals of 90 degrees.

The first slit 14 opened to the outer peripheral edge 2 a and the second slit 15 located between them and opened to the inner peripheral edge 2 b rotate the magnet wheel 1 and thereby the magnetic flux from the upper surface 1 a of the magnet wheel 1 It is to be cut, which is the same effect as a coil in the generator to cut the magnetic flux. If this phenomenon is examined in more detail, when the position of the permanent magnet 5 installed on the rotary plate 3 has just been rotated to the position of each of the slits 14 and 15 (Figs. 4 (A) and (B)) The magnetic flux density passing through the induction conductor 2 is minimized.

Next, when the position of the permanent magnet 5 installed on the rotary plate 3 comes to a position (FIGS. 5A and 5B) passing the slit portion, the magnetic flux density passing through the induction conductor 2 becomes maximum. That is, as the magnet wheel 1 rotates, the magnetic flux density passing through the induction conductor 2 changes. When a change in magnetic flux occurs with time, an electromotive force is generated in the induction conductor 2 according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.

The electromotive force according to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction is expressed by e = Blv. Here, e represents a voltage, B represents a magnetic flux density, l represents a length of the induction conductor which breaks the magnetic flux, and v represents a speed of the induction conductor which breaks the magnetic flux. Further, the direction of the induced current at this time is expressed by the Fleming right-hand rule, and since the permanent magnets 5 installed on the magnet wheel 1 have the magnetic poles alternately arranged, the permanent magnets 5 are alternately rotated. It rotates around the center O ₁ of, and the direction of the current changes every time the slit position is changed. That is, an alternating electromotive force is generated.

Next, I shown in FIG. 5A represents the current flow, and the place where the current I flows back while meandering the induction conductor is to be called a current path (L). The electrical resistance (R) of the current path is proportional to the resistance value (ρ) specific to the induction conductor and the length (L) of the current path, and inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area (A). That is, R = ρL / A. The current path shown in FIG. 5 (A) has an extremely short length and a very large cross-sectional area as compared with the coil of a normal generator. That is, the electrical resistance of the current path of the induction conductor 2 is extremely small. Therefore, in the equation of Ohm's law I = e / R, R is extremely small compared to the value of e, and it is understood that the current has a large value.

Next, when the current flows annularly in the induction conductor 2, it encounters electrical resistance, and all its energy is replaced by heat (Joule's law). That is, the heat output is expressed by W = RI ² (J: joules). Although it has been described that the current value becomes large in the previous stage, it is understood that the final heat quantity further increases in proportion to the square of the current value. Therefore, the induction conductor 2 can supply a large amount of heat as a heating element.

The heating device of the present embodiment and the heating element used for this can be used as a heat source such as a cooker, a hot plate, a water heater, a boiler, a heater, a heat engine and the like. For example, when using it as a heating device with a large scale such as a hot water storage type boiler, it is inevitable to increase the rotational speed of the rotating body 1 to increase the peripheral speed or increase the electromotive force e by increasing the rotational speed. As a result, it becomes possible to obtain a large amount of heat generation.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention, showing a magnet wheel 20 and an annular belt-type slit-inducing induction conductor 21.

According to FIG. 6, the magnet wheel 20 is made of iron as in the embodiment described above, and the upper and lower magnetic poles are alternately arranged at a constant interval in the direction in which the permanent magnet 23 is parallel to the rotating shaft 24 on the peripheral surface 22a of the rotating body 22. And even numbers are arranged. The annular belt-type slit induction conductors 21 is formed in an annular shape having a larger diameter (inner diameter) D ₄ than the diameter of the rotary member 22 (outer diameter) D _3. Furthermore, the slits 25 equal in number to the permanent magnets 23 and alternately opened at both ends are arranged at regular intervals in a direction parallel to the rotation axis 24.

The heat generating device shown in FIG. 6 has an annular belt-like slit-shaped induction conductor in which the rotation axis 24 of the magnet wheel 20 is in a horizontal posture and the center axis substantially coincides with the rotation axis 24 around the magnet wheel 20. Place 21 When the magnet wheel 20 is rotated by a motor or a driving means such as a windmill or a water wheel connected to the rotation shaft 24 of the magnet wheel 20, the belt-like slit-shaped inductive conductor 21 having an annular shape as in the embodiment described above. An electromotive force is generated and an induced current flows to generate heat. The heating device shown in FIG. 6 has no problem whether the rotation axis is horizontal or vertical as long as the relative installation condition of the magnet wheel 20 and the induction conductor 21 is satisfied.

In each of the above embodiments, a permanent magnet is used as the magnet, but an electromagnet can be used instead of the permanent magnet. Further, temperature control of the heat generating device can be easily performed by controlling the rotational speed of the magnet wheel.

In each of the above embodiments, the magnet wheel side is rotated with respect to the annular induction conductor, but the magnet wheel may be fixed and the annular induction conductor side may be rotated. Furthermore, it is also possible to increase the efficiency by rotating the two in reverse.

The heat generating device of the present invention can be used as a heat source in a mountainous area, a remote area or a cold area without power by rotating a magnet wheel by a water wheel, a windmill or the like.

The inventor manufactured the heat generating apparatus shown in FIG. 1 and measured data to confirm the actual effect. The magnet wheel, referring to FIG. 2, mounts and arranges eight permanent magnets radially on the rotation surface of iron rotating plate (diameter D ₁ = 150 mm) so that the magnetic poles are alternately different. The The diameter passing through the center position of the permanent magnet at this time is 110 mm. The permanent magnet uses a neodymium magnet (length 40 mm, width 11 mm, height 6 mm), and the magnetic flux density B of its surface is B = 0.35 T (Tesla).

A thermocouple-type thermometer with an upper measurement limit of 250 ° C is fixed in contact with the induction conductor, and an AC current clamp for measuring the consumption current is installed in the power input cord of the motor for voltage measurement of the induced electromotive force. The oscilloscope was equipped with a non-contact tachometer for measuring the rotational speed of the magnet wheel. The motor used the general-purpose motor of AC100V.

First, as a comparative example, a disk-type induction conductor (diameter D ₂ = 180 mm, thickness t = 3 mm) without slits was made of a copper plate and placed on the top plate of the heat generating device. At this time, the gap from the permanent magnet surface of the magnet wheel to the lower surface of the disc type induction conductor was set to d = 5.0 mm, and the magnet wheel was rotated. The rotational speed of the magnet wheel at this time was 1783 rpm. At this time, an eddy current should be generated in the copper plate of the disk type induction conductor without slits, but no rise in the surface temperature was observed. That is, it was confirmed that the voltage and current of the eddy current were also minimal.

Next, as an example, referring to FIG. 3, a first slit (width 11 mm, length 55 mm) is formed on a copper plate of the disc type induction conductor (diameter D ₂ = 180 mm, thickness t = 3 mm) A total of four equally spaced from the center to the central axis, and a total of four second slits (width 11 mm, length 55 mm) equally spaced from the central opening (opening diameter 40 mm) from the central opening (diameter 40 mm) Provided. The length of the electric path length of this slitted induction conductor, that is, the length of the current path in which the current circulates around the induction conductor while meandering between the slits, is L = 770 mm.

Three kinds (Thickness t = 3 mm, 1 mm, 0.2 mm) of which the thickness is changed are prepared for the slit-containing induction conductor in order to compare the magnitude of the electric resistance.

Next, a part of the outer peripheral edge portion of the slitted induction conductor of thickness t = 3 mm is cut to form an open circuit, the slitted induction conductor is placed on the top plate, and the magnet wheel is rotated. The induced electromotive force was measured. The measured value of the induced electromotive force was e = 0.3V. The rotational speed of the magnet wheel at this time was 1,722 rpm, and the input current I was 5.1A.

Here, when the electric resistance R is calculated, R = 1.68 × 10 ⁻⁸ × 0.77 / (0.03 × 0.0245) = 0.000176 ≒ 0.0002Ω according to R = ρL / A. . Here, ρ = 1.68 × 10 ⁻⁸ Ωm, L = 0.77 m, and A = 0.003 × 0.0245. According to Ohm's law I = e / R, the induced current value flowing through the slit-inducing conductor with thickness t = 3 mm is I = 0.3 / 0.0002 = 1500 A. When calculating the heat output per unit ^time, and W = RI 2 = 0.0002 × 1500 × 1500 = 450J ( Joule).

Next, restore the slitted induction conductor of thickness t = 3 mm to the original closed circuit state, place it on the predetermined position of the top plate, rotate the magnet wheel, and introduce the slitted induction every minute The temperature of the conductor, the rotational speed of the magnet wheel and the input current were measured. The measurement results are shown in FIG. In the case of a slitted induction conductor of thickness t = 3 mm, the temperature rise was measured to about 180 ° C. in 3 minutes and to about 250 ° C. in 6 minutes. During this time, the average rotational speed of the magnet wheel was 1725 rpm, and the average input current I = 5.3A.

The same test was carried out on slitted induction conductors of thickness t = 1 mm and t = 0.2 mm. As the measurement result is shown in FIG. 7, in the case of a slitted induction conductor with a thickness t = 1 mm, the temperature rises to about 140 ° C. in 3 minutes and to about 180 ° C. in 6 minutes. In the case of a slitted induction conductor having a thickness t = 0.2 mm, it remained at about 40 ° C. for 3 minutes and less than about 60 ° C. for 6 minutes. From this measurement result, it was found that a considerable amount of heat is generated when the thickness of the slitted induction conductor becomes about 3 mm.

In the case of a slitted induction conductor having a thickness t of 3 mm, the average consumption current was 5.3 A, so the power consumption per unit time P = 5.3 (A) × 100 (V) = 530 (W) ). Therefore, the power efficiency η = 450/530 = 0.85.

According to the above experimental results, it was found that the use of a slitted induction conductor having a thickness of 3 mm or more falls within the practical range as a heater. That is, if the electrical resistance in the current path of the slit-inducted conductor is minimized, in the equation of Ohm's law I = e / R, if R is extremely small compared to the value of e, I, that is, the current value is large. And the heat output is proportional to the square of the current value, so that the voltage of the electromotive force generated in the slit induction conductor is a low voltage of 0.3 V, which is smaller than 1.5 V for one dry cell. Even in this case, it was possible to create a 150 times larger current (1500 A) used in a normal electric heater (4 W at 1200 W and 12 A at 1200 W), and it was confirmed that a sufficient ability as a heater could be obtained.

The heat generating device according to the present invention can be used as a heat generating device that can be used in various fields such as general household use, outdoor use, agricultural use, industrial use, and the like based on the principle of electromagnetic induction. Moreover, the heat generating body which concerns on this invention can be utilized as a heat generating body for heat generating apparatuses which can be utilized for said each area | region.

1, 20 Magnet wheel

1a Upper surface

2, 21 Annular slitted induction conductor 2a Outer peripheral edge portion 2b Inner

peripheral edge portion

3, 22 Rotating body 3A Flange 4, 24

Rotating shaft

5, 23 Permanent magnet (magnet)
6 motor 7 lower base 8 upper base 9 support portion 10 side wall plate 11 top plate 12 heat resistant material 13 opening 14 first slit 15 second slit 22 a circumferential surface 25 slit D ₁ , D ₂ , D ₃ , D ₄ diameter O ₁ , O ₂ center d gap G magnetic field line I current t slit conductor thickness

Claims

A rotating body having a plurality of magnets arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction so that upper and lower magnetic poles are alternately different around the rotation axis, and an annular shape facing a magnet surface of the rotating body with a predetermined gap therebetween A heating device comprising: the induction conductor of (1), and the annular induction conductor is provided with the same number of slits as the magnets of the rotating body for generating an induced electromotive force.
The shape of the annular induction conductor is a disk shape having a donut shape, and slits are provided so as to alternately open at the outer peripheral edge portion and the inner peripheral edge portion, and the number of the slits is equal to the number of the magnets. The heat generating device according to claim 1.
An annular induction conductor of a rotating body disposed at equal intervals in the circumferential direction such that a plurality of magnets alternately surround upper and lower magnetic poles alternately around the rotation axis, with an annular inductive conductor opposite to the magnet surface with a predetermined gap A heating element for a power generation device, the annular induction conductor being provided with slits for generating an induced electromotive force, the number of which is the same as that of the magnet of the rotating body .
The shape of the annular induction conductor is a disk shape having a donut shape, and slits are provided so as to alternately open at the outer peripheral edge portion and the inner peripheral edge portion, and the number of the slits is equal to the number of the magnets. The heating element for a heating device according to claim 3, wherein
The shape of the annular induction conductor is an annular belt type, and slits are provided so as to alternately open at both ends, and the number of the slits is equal to the number of the magnets. The heating element for the heating device as described.