WO2010121485A1

WO2010121485A1 - Variable plane blade assembly, windmill prime mover and generation system having the blade assembly

Info

Publication number: WO2010121485A1
Application number: PCT/CN2010/000351
Authority: WO
Inventors: 周建煌
Original assignee: 巨诺国际有限公司
Priority date: 2009-04-21
Filing date: 2010-03-22
Publication date: 2010-10-28
Also published as: CN101871429A

Abstract

A windmill generator includes a wind wheel placed on a support shaft (10) and a generating assembly, the wind wheel is connected to the generating assembly by a transmission mechanism, the wind wheel can drive the generating assembly to generate electricity, the wind wheel can rotate around the support shaft, the wind wheel includes several blades (11) and movable gates (12), the movable gates are placed on the blades, and they can open and close in vertical direction, when the blades rotate downwind, the movable gates are closed, and when the blades rotate upwind, the movable gates are opened. The windmill generator can utilize the wind power effectively, and it can adjust the area of the movable gates, so that the windmill generator is protected.

Description

Variable plane blade combination, wind turbine and power generation system with the same

The present invention relates to a wind power plant, and more particularly to a wind power plant having a variable planar blade combination. Background technique

As a kind of green energy, wind energy is inexhaustible, and many countries in the world have already begun to use wind power technology to provide electricity. The wind turbine of a conventional wind power plant is rotated approximately 8-15 times per minute by the wind. Such wind power generation equipment also requires the cooperation of a wind direction tracking device for wind power generation, and the wind direction tracking device is expensive and easily damaged, and is also difficult to adapt to winds with rapidly changing wind direction or winds with unstable wind direction. Existing wind power plants are generally horizontal or vertical. The vertical axis wind power generation equipment usually consists of a generator, a vertical shaft and a wind wheel, the wind wheel is fixed to the vertical axis, and the vertical axis drives the generator. When the wind blows toward the wind wheel, the wind blade on the wind wheel is pushed horizontally by the wind, and the rotation of the wind wheel drives the vertical axis. Although the vertical-axis wind turbine generator can be rotated without changing the wind direction, that is, the wind in any direction is an oncoming wind for the wind turbine of the vertical-axis wind power generator. The horizontal axis wind power generation device is generally disposed on a longer support shaft, the wind wheel is disposed at the top end of the support shaft, the generator is also disposed at the top end of the support shaft, and is located at the rear of the wind wheel, and the rotation of the wind wheel is directly driven generator. The support shaft of such a horizontal axis type wind power generation equipment is generally long, and the whole set of equipment is relatively cumbersome and expensive. In addition, the generator provided at the top of the longer support shaft makes it inconvenient to have insufficient space for maintenance. Chinese patent application CN 1614229A discloses a one-way valve type wind wheel having a blade mounted at an equal angle along an axial axis, each of which has a valve frame, on each valve frame Both are equipped with a one-way valve shaft, a one-way valve and a limit rod. The one-way valve piece is opened by the wind force, but due to the action of the limit rod, the one-way valve piece can only be opened in one rotation direction, closed in the opposite direction to the direction, and it can be seen that the one-way valve piece It can only be turned on/off up and down, as shown in Figure 1. The shortcoming of such a one-way valve is that the opening/closing process of the one-way valve needs to overcome its own gravity, and part of the wind energy is consumed in the process of overcoming the gravity, which reduces the efficiency of the wind power generation device. Summary of the invention

In order to solve the deficiencies of the above-mentioned prior art wind power generation equipment, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions: A wind power generation apparatus comprising a wind wheel and a power generation component disposed on a support shaft, the wind wheel and The power generating component is connected by a transmission mechanism, so that the wind wheel can drive the power generating component to generate electricity, the wind wheel can be rotated around the support shaft, the wind wheel comprises: a plurality of blades; the movable door is disposed on the blade, can be Opened or closed in the vertical direction, and is arranged such that when the blade rotates downwind, the movable door is closed, and when the blade is rotated against the wind, the movable door is opened. In addition, the present invention also provides a power transmission system for wind power generation, comprising: a support shaft; a wind wheel, the wind wheel is rotatable relative to the support shaft; a wind wheel turntable fixedly coupled to the wind wheel; a transmission assembly that is driven by the vane dial; a generator that is driven by the transmission assembly to generate electricity and is located below the rotor.

In addition, the technical solution of the present invention has other preferred features, and the movable door is The position on the blade can be adjusted; there is also a control system for adjusting the position of the movable door according to the size of the wind. The outermost movable door on each of the blades is pre-set with a predetermined opening and closing angle, and the maximum opening angle La is preset to be 100° < La < 180. , The minimum angle of closing Lb is preset to 0° Lb 60°.

Compared with the wind power generation equipment in the prior art, the device provided by the invention provides higher efficiency, can utilize the wind more effectively, and can adjust the area of the blade according to the strength of the wind, thereby protecting the entire wind power generation. device. In addition, generators placed on the ground are also easy to maintain. DRAWINGS

1 is a schematic structural view of a unidirectional wide wind wheel in the prior art;

2 is a schematic view showing the working principle of the wind wheel of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a structural view of a wind wheel of the present invention;

Figure 4 shows the force of the movable door on each blade when the wind blows toward the wind wheel; Figure 5 shows the movable door at the maximum angle of opening and the minimum angle of closing; Figure 6 shows the adjustment of the wind An adjustment mechanism for the position of the movable door on the leaf;

Figure 7 shows a structural view of a complete wind power plant;

The wind power generation device of the present invention is an omnidirectional wind power generation device, and the wind in any direction is an oncoming wind (frontal wind) for the present wind power generation device, and it is not necessary to provide a special wind direction tracking device. 2 is a schematic view showing the working principle of the wind wheel 1 of the present invention, The wind wheel 1 is disposed on the support shaft 10. In the figure, four blades 11 are shown, but the number of blades is not limited to four, and any blade is possible, preferably 3-6. As shown in Fig. 2, each of the blades 11 is provided with a movable door 12 which can be opened or closed in a vertical direction, wherein the movable door shown by a broken line is in a closed state.

The blade located on the left side of the wind wheel rotates downwind, and the movable door on the side is closed; the blade on the right side of the wind wheel rotates against the wind, and the movable door on the side is in a natural open state. It will be understood that in the present embodiment, the closing and opening of the movable door is achieved by the action of the wind. Obviously, those skilled in the art will appreciate that the closing and opening of the movable door can also be controlled by the control mechanism without being limited to the action of the wind. As shown in FIG. 3, the blade includes a frame structure member 20, and is fixed to the support shaft 10 by connecting two upper and lower spokes of the support shaft 10. Each of the blades is provided with a plurality of rotating shafts 21, and the two ends of the rotating shaft 21 are connected to the same. The upper and lower sides of the frame structural member 20 are disposed on the blade through the rotating shaft 21. The hinge 21 of the movable door 12 is disposed at an edge lo from the movable door 12, where 0 lo "l/2 the width of the movable door (see Fig. 5). 2 and 4 show an embodiment in which lo is 0. While FIG. 5 shows an embodiment in which lo is not equal to 0 0 , the arrangement does not excessively oscillate when the movable door is subjected to turbulence (wind) because the wind blows in front of the rotating shaft and blows behind the rotating shaft The wind causes the movable door to rotate in the opposite direction and restricts each other, so that the movable door remains stable.

When the wind blade rotates in the wind (the left wing of Fig. 2), the movable door is naturally closed, forming a dense screen with a large area, and the wind acts on the area of the entire blade (hxl), thus forming a strong push. force. When the wind blade rotates against the wind (the right side blade of Fig. 2), the movable door naturally opens, and the blade is in a completely ventilated state, so that the wind is in the blade The upper surface of the action is small, and the resistance of the wind produced is small, almost negligible. In this way, regardless of the area of the blade, the resistance of the wind to the blade is always small, and the movable door of the present invention is opened or closed in the horizontal direction because the movable door is opened or closed in the vertical direction. The setting does not need to overcome the gravity of the movable door itself, so the efficiency of the fan can be further improved.

The movable door can be made of a variety of materials, generally light weight and has the best fatigue strength and mechanical properties. The material also needs to withstand extreme conditions such as storms and random loads; corrosion resistance, ultraviolet radiation and lightning strike performance it is good. Glass fiber and carbon fiber are the two most important materials for the current production of wind turbines. Preferably, for smaller wind blades (such as 22 m long), a large amount of inexpensive E-glass fiber reinforced plastic is used, and the resin matrix is mainly unsaturated polyester, and acetyl ester or epoxy resin may also be used. Large wind blades (such as 42m or more) generally use CFRP or a hybrid composite of CF and GF, and the resin matrix is mainly epoxy. The wind wheel, vane and movable door of the present invention may be made of a suitable material including glass fiber and carbon fiber, for example, the blade frame is made of stainless steel, the movable door is made of aluminum alloy or plastic, and the support shaft is made of stainless steel.

The following stack analyzes the driving force of the wind for the wind wheel 1. As shown in Figure 3, the wind is applied vertically to the blades, and the resulting thrust is equal to the vertical force exerted by the wind on the (h x l ) area, and the wind is nearly all acting as a driving force. This is incomparable to a typical horizontal axis fan. According to the measurement results, only 60% of the wind turbines in the horizontal axis act as the driving force.

Referring to Figure 4, in the case shown in the figure, the blades that rotate in the wind are not perpendicular to the wind direction. In this case, the fan is subjected to two driving forces. The first driving force is the wind applied to the blades The force on A, the first pushing force is equal to the force exerted by the wind on the (hxlx cosa) area. The second driving force is the force exerted by the wind on the blade B. Because the wind blade A blocks the wind blowing in the face, the phenomenon of "vacuum" is generated behind the blade A (the AB zone), and the air pressure is low, so that the surrounding wind enters the zone under the influence of the air pressure, thereby making the wind Leaf B acquires another urging force that is approximately equal to the force exerted by the wind on the (hx 1 X s ina ) area. Therefore, the urging force obtained by the fan in the state shown in FIG. 4 is equal to the sum of the first urging force and the second urging force, that is, the urging force. The vertical force of the wind on the hxlx (s ina+cosa) area. According to the mathematical knowledge, ( s ina+cosa ) will not be less than 1, so the driving force obtained by the fan in any state will not be less than the vertical force exerted by the wind on the (hx 1 ) area.

Figure 6 shows the adjustment of the position of the movable door on the blade. In the field of wind power generation, although it is desirable to obtain as much wind as possible, when the wind is large enough, such as a destructive hurricane, damage to the wind power generator may occur, so in this case, if it is located on the side of the downwind The movable door still forms a dense screen, which is a threat to the entire device; in this case, it is necessary to adjust the size of the area of the wind that is affected by each wind blade. The wind wheel of the present invention achieves this technical object by adjusting the position of the movable door on the blade: The wind power plant of the present invention has a control system and a wind measurement device (not shown), the control system including an adjustment mechanism for adjustment The position of the hinge of the movable door, thereby adjusting the position of the movable door. The adjustment mechanism adjusts the position of the movable door according to the magnitude of the wind force measured by the wind measurement device. When the wind becomes small, the movable door is controlled to move the movable door away from the support shaft, that is, to the distal end of the blade; when the wind becomes large, the movable door is close to the support shaft, That is, moving to the proximal end of the blade. Activity gate The adjustment of the position on the blade is achieved by moving the position of the shaft on the frame structure. Figure

6 shows an embodiment of the position of the moving shaft, wherein the vane 11 is provided with three movable doors 12a, 12b, 12c. The three movable doors are respectively fixed on the rotating shafts 21a, 21b, 21c, and the rotating shafts 21a, 21b, 21c are installed in the left and right two guide rails of the frame structural member, and each of the rotating shafts is respectively mounted on one of the movable pulleys 40a, 40b, 40c. The rotating shaft can be moved in the guide rail together with the movable pulley corresponding thereto, and the pulleys are connected by a pulley block mechanism, and the position of the movable pulley is preferably adjusted by the chain between the pulleys, so that the distance between each of the blades is two The end is provided with a fixed pulley. Preferably, the pulley block mechanism can be automatically adjusted by means of a device provided on the wind wheel turntable, in particular, the chain connecting all the movable pulleys on each of the blades in the frame structure member and connecting each of the blades The fixed pulley then extends to the wind wheel turntable. Such an arrangement allows the operator to simultaneously adjust the position of the movable pulley on each of the blades to achieve the position of the movable door. Preferably, the respective movable doors on the respective blades are uniformly controlled.

The manner of adjusting the position of the movable door is not limited to the above-described pulley block mechanism, and the position of the movable door on the blade may be adjusted by other suitable means. For example, a rotatable screw can be provided on the spoke, and the rotating shaft of the movable door can be slidably mounted on the spoke by a gear that meshes with the gear. The screw is rotated by, for example, an electric motor to move the gear along the screw, thereby adjusting the position of the movable door.

Each of the blades is also provided with a member that acts as a stop so that when the blade rotates downwind, the movable door on the blade is restricted to the closed state. As shown in FIG. 2, in a preferred embodiment, the movable door at least partially covers the movable door adjacent to the inner side of the blade in the closed position, and the activity disposed at the proximal end of the blade The door is set in the box The stop on the frame structure is blocked. As shown in Fig. 6, in another preferred embodiment, the movable doors 12a, 12b, 12c are respectively stopped by providing the movable pulleys 21b, 21c and the fixed pulleys of the proximal end. Of course, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various changes are possible within the scope of the invention.

To further enhance the use of wind power, the outermost movable door on the blade of the present invention may be angled. As shown in FIG. 5, the outermost movable door of each blade is pre-set with a predetermined opening and closing angle, and the maximum opening angle La is preset to 100° < La < 180°, and the closed minimum angle Lb is preset. 0° < Lt 60°. The preset specific angle allows the blade to also obtain the driving force of the wind when it is rotated against the wind, thereby increasing the power of the blade. In a preferred embodiment, the maximum angle of opening of the outermost movable door and the minimum of closing are limited by a stop means such as a flange provided on both sides of the rotating shaft of the movable door at the outermost side of each of the blades. angle. Or it is to limit the rotation angle of the rotating shaft, so as to achieve the maximum angle of opening of the movable door and the minimum angle of closing. A method of limiting the angle of rotation of the shaft should be well known.

In Fig. 5, when the vane is rotated to enter the upwind rotating region from the downwind rotating region, the stopping device causes the outermost movable door to be at the maximum angle La of opening. Since a part of the proximal end of each blade is not provided with a movable door, this is because the portion is very close to the support shaft, and the generated torque is small. The air is applied to the outermost movable door of the blade 21c through the gap at the proximal end of the blade 21b to generate a driving force. Further, this driving force always exists when the blade 21c is rotated in the initial stage in the upwind region.

Also in Fig. 5, the blade 21d is in an upwind rotation state, and the outermost movable door of the blade is not completely closed due to the restriction of the stopper, and is at the minimum angle Lb of closing. However, the wind (backwind) acts on the movable door to push the force F, which can be divided into a component force F1 perpendicular to the movable door and a component force F2 parallel to the movable door. The component F1 becomes the thrust that pushes the door of the activity. That is, the minimum angle of closure causes the outermost movable door of the windwardly rotating blade to generate a driving force.

From the above analysis of the wind wheel in FIG. 5, it can be known that when the wind blade is in the state of upwind rotation, the movable door on the wind blade not only does not generate resistance to the rotation of the wind wheel, but is generated by the stop device provided. The driving force.

As shown in FIG. 7, the wind power generation device further has a power generation assembly, and the wind turbine and the power generation assembly are connected by a transmission mechanism, so that the wind wheel can drive the power generation assembly to generate electricity. In a preferred embodiment, the transmission mechanism includes a rotor turntable 60 that is fixedly coupled to the wind wheel, the wind wheel turntable being rotated following the wind wheel. The wind wheel turntable is coupled to the power generation assembly through a gear transmission to drive the power generation assembly to generate electricity. In the present embodiment, the gear transmission includes a gear that meshes with the rotor wheel, and the gear is coupled to the input wheel of the power generating assembly by, for example, a belt, a chain, or the like. Figure 7 shows a secondary gear drive, but those skilled in the art can design suitable gearing as needed. The power generation assembly includes a generator chamber. In one embodiment, the power generating component is a generator, and the transmission mechanism is a transmission component that is driven by the transmission component to generate electricity and is located below the wind turbine. In a preferred embodiment, the rotor is mounted on the support shaft 10 by bearings. The transmission assembly may be a gear transmission disposed inside the support shaft 10. It is known to those skilled in the art that the transmission assembly can also be disposed outside of the support shaft 10, such as on a platform that is built on the support shaft 10. The wind power generation device thus arranged does not need to rotate the support shaft 10 along with the wind wheel, saving a considerable Part of the energy, and the generators placed under the wind wheel (especially on the ground) greatly facilitates the maintenance of the generator, saving installation and maintenance costs.

Since the generator has rated power, the rated speed of the rotor corresponds to the rated power of the generator. At rated speed, the generator operates safely at its rated power. If the speed of the wind turbine exceeds the rated speed, the generator will operate above its rated power, which will burn out the generator, so the speed of the rotor must be controlled within the rated speed. However, natural winds are unlikely to remain within a certain strength (corresponding to the rated speed). Existing wind turbines have to brake when faced with high wind speeds, so that the speed of the wind turbine is slowed down and kept within the rated speed. This type of brake is a negative way to waste wind energy.

The present invention employs the regulation of one or more corresponding wind power plants for power generation, i.e., the installation of multiple generators within the generator chamber. This regulation is achieved by connecting the one or more corresponding generators in series. The rated power generation of the plurality of generators may be different from each other. Different numbers of generators are used to cope with wind speeds of different strengths, which is the result of braking, and on the other hand greatly increases the utilization of wind energy. This is especially significant for wind farms with large changes in wind power.

For example, a power generation component of a wind power generation device has three generators rated at 500 kW, l OOO kW, and 3000 kW, respectively, and the three generators can be used to obtain seven power generation combinations, which can match wind energy of 200 kW to 4,500 kW. See Table 1 for specific matching. This is just a simple example. The specific combination of generators needs to be designed according to the actual needs of the wind farm. 500kW, l OOOkW, 3000kW generator combination matching table

While the invention has been described in detail, the preferred embodiments of the embodiments of the invention .

Claims

Rights request

A wind power generation device comprising a wind wheel and a power generation assembly disposed on a support shaft, the wind wheel and the power generation assembly being connected by a transmission mechanism, such that the wind wheel can drive the power generation assembly to generate electricity, and the wind wheel can be supported around The shaft rotates, and the wind wheel comprises:

Multiple blades;

The movable door, which is disposed on the blade, can be opened or closed in the vertical direction, and is disposed such that when the blade rotates downwind, the movable door is closed, and when the blade is rotated against the wind, the movable door is opened.

2. The wind power generator according to claim 1, wherein the movable door is mounted on a blade by a rotating shaft, and the movable door is rotatable about the rotating shaft to move between an open position and a closed position. .

The wind power generator according to claim 2, wherein the movable door enters a closed position or an open position by the wind.

4. The wind power generator according to claim 2, wherein

The position of the movable door on the blade can be adjusted;

There is also a control system for adjusting the position of the movable door according to the size of the wind.

The wind power generator according to claim 4, wherein the control system includes an adjustment mechanism for adjusting a position of the rotating shaft to adjust a position of the movable door.

The wind power generator according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the movable door is controlled such that when the wind becomes small, the movable door is away from the support shaft, and when the wind becomes large, The movable door is brought closer to the support shaft.

The wind power generator according to claim 6, wherein the adjustment mechanism is a pulley block mechanism on a blade.

The wind power generator according to claim 2, wherein each of the movable doors is provided with a stopper to block the movable door in the closed position.

9. The wind power generator according to claim 2, wherein the movable door at least partially covers the movable door adjacent to the inner side of the blade in its closed position, thereby functioning as a stop; A movable door near the vertical axis is blocked by a stopper provided on the blade.

10. A wind power plant according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the outermost movable door on each of the blades is pre-set with a predetermined opening and closing angle, and the maximum opening angle La is preset. For 100° < La < 180°, the minimum angle of closure Lb is preset to 0° Lb 60°.

11. A wind power plant according to claim 10, wherein the maximum angle of opening of the outermost movable door and the minimum angle of closing are limited by a stop means provided on each of the blades.

The wind power generator according to claim 2, wherein the rotating shaft of the movable door is disposed at a position away from the edge of the movable door by a lo, where 0 lo l/2 the width of the movable door.

13. A wind power plant according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the number of blades is 3, 4, 5 or 6.

The wind power generator according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the transmission mechanism comprises a wind wheel turntable fixedly coupled to the wind wheel, the wind wheel turntable passing the gear The transmission is coupled to the power generation assembly to drive the power generation assembly for power generation.

15. A power generation system for wind power generation, characterized in that one or more wind power plants having respective rated powers are regulated for generating electricity corresponding to different wind powers.

16. The power generation system according to claim 15, further comprising a wind wheel disposed on the support shaft, the wind wheel and the wind power generator being connected by a transmission mechanism, such that the wind wheel can drive the wind power generation device to generate electricity. The wind wheel is rotatable about a support shaft, the wind wheel comprising: a plurality of blades;

17. The power generation system according to claim 15, wherein the regulation is achieved by connecting the one or more corresponding wind power generation devices in series.

The power generation system according to any one of claims 15 to 17, characterized in that the rated power generation capacities of the plurality of wind power generation devices are different from each other.

19. A powertrain system for wind power generation, comprising:

Support shaft

a wind wheel, the wind wheel being rotatable relative to the support shaft;

a wind wheel turntable fixedly connected to the wind wheel;

a transmission assembly driven by the vane turntable;

A generator, driven by the transmission assembly, generates electricity and is located below the rotor.

20. The power transmission system according to claim 19, wherein the wind wheel Mounted on the support shaft by bearings.

21. A power transmission system according to claim 19 or 20, wherein the transmission assembly is a gear transmission disposed on the support shaft.