WO2010120208A1

WO2010120208A1 - Method for producing lifting (propulsive) force for a flight vehicle and a propulsion device for carrying out said method (variants)

Info

Publication number: WO2010120208A1
Application number: PCT/RU2010/000158
Authority: WO
Inventors: Михаил Сергеевич НИКИТЮК
Original assignee: Nikityuk Michail Sergeevich
Priority date: 2009-04-17
Filing date: 2010-04-06
Publication date: 2010-10-21
Also published as: RU2009114622A

Abstract

The inventions relate to controlling the movement of flight vehicles and are directed, in particular, at launching flight vehicles into space, at enabling flight in the Earth's atmosphere and also at moving other vehicles. According to the method, the lifting (propulsive) force is produced by accelerating a liquid in radial channels (8) that are made in a rotating body (3) and that are curved in a direction opposite to the direction of the expected lifting force. In one of the variants, the propulsion device for carrying out the above method comprises a housing (1) and a rotor (3) mounted therein on supports (2). Windows (6) for the passage of a liquid are provided in the lower part of the rotor. An impeller (7) for sucking the liquid into the inner cavity of the rotor (3) is arranged above the windows (6). As the rotor (3) rotates, the liquid flows out of said cavity via channels (8). The channels (8) have nozzles (9) at the ends thereof. The rotor (3) is driven by an engine (10).

Description

A method of creating a lifting (driving) force of an aircraft and a propulsion device for its implementation (options)

The inventions relate to astronautics and can be used to launch manned and unmanned aerial vehicles into outer space, to move them in outer space, and to carry out orbital and spatial maneuvering of spacecraft. These methods of creating a lifting and driving force can also be used for flights in the Earth’s atmosphere, for moving ground, surface and underwater vehicles.

As a prototype according to these inventions, a description of the invention “A method for creating the lifting force of an aircraft and an aircraft for its implementation)) to the international application for the invention RCT / RU2008 / 000032, published on 7.08.2008, was adopted. International Publication Number WO 2008/094075 Al.

The mentioned method is based on the fact that the lifting force is created by rotating a disk that performs the functions of an aircraft propulsion device, in a horizontal plane relative to its own axis passing through the center of the Earth, with a rotation speed exceeding the number of revolutions n = tJKgRz / 6.2SR, where: K - disk loading coefficient, g - acceleration of gravity, Rz - radius of the Earth, R - radius of the circle of the radial center of gravity of the disk. The aforementioned aircraft includes two hollow discs located on a common axis. One of the disks is internal and located inside the external disk, the inner perimeter of which is equipped with teeth. The inner disk is equipped with radially mounted jet engines. The nozzles of the engines at the exit of the disk are turned tangential to the perimeter of the disk and directed to the front faces of the teeth of the outer disk. The hubs of both discs are connected to the hollow axis using supports. On the top of the axis is a cab.

This aircraft operates as follows. When you turn on the jet engines, the discs begin to rotate in opposite directions. When reaching the drive speed n _n = l / if x 1258.86 / i? the aircraft becomes weightless, and when it is exceeded, it begins to move away from the Earth. The lifting force of the aircraft is created by centrifugal forces caused by the rotation of the points of the disks belonging to their radial centers of gravity around the center of the Earth.

Signs that are common to the prototype and the proposed method of creating a lifting (driving) force, consist in using centrifugal forces caused by the rotation of the body around its own axis to create a lifting (driving) force.

Signs that are common to the prototype and the inventive propulsors are the presence of a number of variants of the inventive propellers of the internal and external disks, the presence of external disks of teeth located along their inner perimeter, and nozzles rotated tangentially to the perimeter of the internal disk (rotor) and directed to the front faces of the teeth of the outer disk (housing). The problem solved by the inventions is:

- to ensure the release of aircraft into space and their movement in outer space without using to generate a driving force of the release of reactive mass;

- to simplify the mechanism of the output of aircraft into space and their return to Earth;

- to reduce the overloads acting on the crews of spacecraft at the time of their launch into outer space and at the time of landing; - in expanding opportunities to ensure an increase in the size and mass of cargoes launched into space;

- in expanding opportunities for the creation of reusable spacecraft; - in expanding capabilities to ensure an increase in the range of space flights.

The technical result aimed at solving this problem by the method of creating a lifting (driving) force is achieved by the fact that in this method a lifting (moving) force is created by accelerating a fluid in radially located channels of a body rotating by an engine around its own axis, curving the path fluid movements in the planes to which the axis of rotation of the body belongs, in the direction opposite to the direction of the generated lifting (driving) force. The technical result aimed at solving this problem by mover, including a housing, inside which a rotor is mounted, driven by a motor, is achieved by the fact that according to the invention the housing has hydraulic and air channels, a fan is installed in the inner cavity of a vertically arranged hollow rotor, in the rotor body made windows and radial channels for the passage of a liquid working fluid, ending with nozzles, and these radial channels are curved in the planes to which the axis of the rotor belongs tions of the rotor, in a direction opposite to the driving force generated. The technical result aimed at solving the indicated problem by the propulsion device is also achieved by the fact that the rotor has radial channels made in its body, one part of which is curved in the direction opposite to the direction of curvature of the second part of the channels, and a distribution valve is installed in the inner cavity of the rotor, providing distribution of the liquid working fluid between the said channels.

The technical result aimed at solving this problem by mover is also achieved by the fact that its body along the inner perimeter is equipped with teeth, a radiator is installed inside the body, which surrounds the part of the rotor around the perimeter in the region of windows made in its body, in the rotor body there are channels for air passage in its radial channels, the nozzles of the radial channels are turned tangentially to the perimeter of the rotor and directed to the front faces of the teeth of the housing, and the motor, which rotates the rotor, is used as a starter.

The technical result aimed at solving this problem by propulsion is also achieved by the fact that its launch and operation are carried out without using an external rotary rotor engine, but due to the energy of the supplied air and liquid working fluid. The technical result aimed at solving this problem by propulsion is also achieved by the fact that it does not have a fan, and the liquid working fluid enters the inner cavity of the rotor due to the pressure drop.

The technical result aimed at solving this problem by propulsion is also achieved by the fact that its rotor is mounted horizontally, as well as by the fact that the radial channels of the rotor are made in the form of a spiral.

A new feature in relation to the prototype according to the method of creating a lifting (driving) force is the use of a fluid acceleration in radial channels made in a body rotating around its own axis to create a lifting (moving) force. Also new is the curvature of the trajectory of the fluid in the indicated channels of the rotating body in the planes to which the axis of rotation of the body belongs, in the direction opposite to the direction of the generated lifting, driving force. A new feature of the prototype with respect to the propulsion device is that its body has hydraulic and air channels, that a fan is installed in the inner cavity of the hollow rotor, windows and radial channels for the passage of the liquid working fluid, ending in nozzles, are made in the rotor body, and these radial channels curved in the planes to which the axis of rotation of the rotor belongs, in the direction opposite to the direction of the generated driving force.

Also new is the fact that the rotor has radial channels made in its body, one part of which is curved in the direction opposite to the direction of curvature of the second part of the channels, and a distribution valve is installed in the inner cavity of the rotor, which ensures the distribution of the liquid working fluid between the said channels.

Also new is the fact that a radiator is installed inside the case, enveloping around the perimeter part of the rotor in the region of windows made in its body, there are channels in the rotor body for air to pass into its radial channels, and the motor, which rotates the rotor, is used as a starter.

What is also new is that the propulsion and start-up is carried out due to the energy of the supplied air and the liquid working fluid, as well as the fact that it does not have a fan, and the liquid working fluid enters the inner cavity of the rotor due to the pressure drop.

Also new is the fact that the rotor of the propeller is mounted horizontally, and the radial channels of the rotor are made in the form of a spiral.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where: in FIG. 1 - a diagram of the interaction of forces during rotation around the circumference of a material point belonging to the radial center of gravity of a disk rotating around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth; in FIG. 2 - shows a material point belonging to the radial center of gravity of a rotating disk in three positions; in FIG. 3 - shows a radial section of the mover, creating a driving force in one direction; in FIG. 4 - shows a half view of the mover from above with a half section

A-A in FIG. 3; in FIG. 5 - shows a radial section of the mover, creating a driving force in two directions; in FIG. 6 - shows a radial section of a propulsion device capable of operating in an autonomous mode; in FIG. 7 - shows a half view of the mover from above with a half section

B-B in FIG. 6; in FIG. 8 - shows a radial section of the mover with a horizontal arrangement of the rotor; in FIG. 9 - shows a radial channel of the rotor in the form of a spiral, side view; in FIG. 10 - shows a radial channel of the rotor in the form of a spiral, top view.

These inventions are based on the following theoretical foundations. It is known that under the influence of external loads the bodies change their linear dimensions. Depending on the direction of the forces applied to the body, its dimensions can increase or decrease. When the body rotates around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth, in the process of increasing (decreasing) the frequency of its rotation, the linear dimensions of the body also change.

As a rotating body, we consider a disk rotating around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth. To understand the essence of physical processes that occur during the rotation of a disk rotating around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth, we consider material point m belonging to its radial center of gravity (see Fig. l).

The figure 1 shows the material point m belonging to the radial center of gravity of a disk rotating in a horizontal plane around its own axis O _\ O ₂ passing through the center of the Earth. The motion of the material point m, in the process of rotation of the disk, occurs around a circle of radius R. When it rotates in the horizontal plane, it is located at a distance Rz from the center of the Earth.

When the material point m rotates in a horizontal plane around an axis passing through the center of the Earth, two centripetal forces act on it:

- gravity P - holds the material point m on the trajectory of its movement, with the rotation of the material point m around the center of the Earth;

- centripetal force FR - holds the material point m on the trajectory of motion, when it rotates around the intersection of the horizontal plane at which the material point rotates, with the axis passing through the center of the Earth.

In turn, the material point m, when it rotates around an axis passing through the center of the Earth, acts on the bonds holding it, restricting the freedom of its movement and forcing it to move curvilinearly, with centrifugal forces caused by the rotation of the material point. Since two centripetal forces act on the material point m, in the process of its movement, therefore, when the material point m rotates around an axis passing through the center of the Earth, two centrifugal forces arise:

-FTSBR - centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the material point m in the horizontal plane around the intersection point of this plane with the axis passing through the center of the Earth; -FTSBRZ - centrifugal force caused by the rotation of the material point m around the center of the Earth.

Centrifugal force FCBRZ And gravity P acting in the diametrical plane of the earth's sphere are directed along the line of gravity in opposite directions. They form the trajectory of the motion of the material point m in the diametrical plane of the earth's sphere.

At steady-state modes of disk rotation, each fixed value of the disk rotation speed n = Cst corresponds to its specific value of the linear velocity of the points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity, and the magnitude of the centrifugal forces with which the points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity balance the force of gravity, acting on them:

mV ^λ

FСБРЗ = Rз О)

The centrifugal force FCBR and the centripetal force FR, acting in the horizontal plane, when the material point m rotates around an axis passing through the center of the Earth, are directed in opposite directions. For each fixed value of the disk rotation speed n = Cst, the condition for the equality of centrifugal and centripetal forces acting in the horizontal plane as a result of its rotation is satisfied:

tV ² FCBR = FR = = Res. (2)

R At a constant frequency of rotation of the disk around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth, n = Cpst, these forces do not affect the change in the weight of the disk, since the projections of these forces on the directions of gravity acting on the points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity are also equal :

FTSBRRZ —FRRZ = Sopst, (3)

where: FCBRRZ = FCBR Sipa are the projections of centrifugal forces acting in the horizontal plane when the disk rotates around its own axis on the direction of gravity acting on points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity; FRRЗ = FR Sipa - the projection of centripetal forces acting in the horizontal plane when the disk rotates around its own axis on the direction of gravity acting on the points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity.

The diameter of a disk rotating around its own axis passing through the center of the earth increases with increasing frequency of its rotation, but decreases with decreasing frequency of rotation. This indicates a constant imbalance of centrifugal and centripetal forces acting in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disk. In the process of increasing the frequency of rotation of the disk around its own axis, the ratio of centrifugal and centripetal forces will be as follows:

and in the process of reducing the frequency of rotation of the disk, an excess of centripetal forces over centrifugal forces will be observed:

The ratio of the projections of these forces to the direction of gravity acting on points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity, with increasing speed of the disk will be as follows:

FCRRZ> FRRZ, (6)

and when the disk is braking, on the contrary, this ratio of the projections of centrifugal and centripetal forces acting in the plane of rotation of the disk on the direction of gravity acting on points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity will look like:

FCBRRZ <FRRZ. (7)

Thus, in transitional regimes, in the process of changing the frequency of rotation of a disk rotating around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth, its weight will change due to the imbalance of centrifugal and centripetal forces acting in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the disk. In the process of increasing the frequency of rotation of the disk, its weight will decrease, and when braking the disk, on the contrary, increase.

Let us determine the influence of the dynamic characteristics of a disk rotating around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth, in the process of increasing (decreasing) its frequency of rotation, on the change in the weight of the disk.

For this, we consider a material point m belonging to the radial center of gravity of a disk rotating in a horizontal the plane around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth (see Fig.

2).

The figure 2 shows the material point m belonging to the radial center of gravity of a disk rotating in a horizontal plane around its own axis O _\ O ₂ passing through the center of the Earth in three positions: m, m v and m ₂ . In position m, the point is motionless. It is located at a distance R from the axis of rotation of the disk and at a distance Rz from the center of the Earth. In the position m _{\, the} point m is located at a distance R _\ from the axis of rotation of the disk and at a distance R3 \ from the center of the Earth. To this position of the point m there corresponds the rotational speed of the disk n _\ and the linear velocity of the point m, equal to V _\ . In position m _2, point m is located at a distance R ₂ from the axis of rotation of the disk and at a distance Rзi from the center of the Earth. This position of the point m corresponds to the rotational speed of the disk n ₂ and the linear velocity of the point m, equal to V ₂ . When a point m belongs to the radial center of gravity of a disk rotating in the horizontal plane around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth with a constant speed V = Cpst, the acting forces are equal to:

tV ¹ tV ² P = mg, FCBRZ -, FCBR = FR = Comp. (8)

Rz R

Consider the behavior of the point m belonging to the radial center of gravity of a disk rotating in the horizontal plane around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth with increasing disk rotation frequency.

Initially, the disk is stationary. Point m is located at a distance equal to the radius R from the point O belonging to the axis O _\ O ₂ passing through the center of the Earth. After the beginning of the disk rotation, the centrifugal force FCBRZ appears, with which the point m acts on its bonds holding relative to center of the earth. The centrifugal force FCBR appears, with which the point m acts on the bonds holding it relative to the center of the circle along which the point m moves in the horizontal plane, and the centripetal force FR appears, as a reaction of the bonds holding the point m in the horizontal plane relative to the O axis χ θg, passing through the center of the earth.

As noted above, at a constant speed of motion of the point m belonging to the radial center of gravity of a disk rotating around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth, V = Cpst, the forces acting in the horizontal plane as a result of its rotation are equal to:

FCBR = FR = ^ - = Res. (9)

R

The projections of these forces on the direction of gravity acting on points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity are also equal:

tv ²

FCBRRЗ - FRRЗ = Siп а = Sopst. (10)

R

They do not affect the weight change of the rotating disk.

Now consider the processes that occur with the disk as its rotation frequency increases.

Initially, the disk is stationary. Since the disk is stationary relative to the Earth, the weight of the disk is equal to the force of gravity acting on it. The centers of gravity of all elementary sectors forming the disk are located at a distance R from its axis. After the start of rotation of the disk in the plane of its rotation, centrifugal forces arise, under the action of which there is a displacement of particles located in the nodes of the crystalline lattices, from the original equilibrium to new positions. This displacement of particles is prevented by the forces of interaction between the particles, as a result of which elastic forces arise in the rotating disk, which balance the centrifugal forces. We consider the rotation of the disk in the range of stresses arising in the disk to the elastic limit. At these voltages, after their removal in the disk, residual deformations are not obtained.

As a result of the displacement of particles caused by the action of centrifugal forces during rotation of the disk, there is an increase in the radius of each of its points, and consequently, an increase in the radius of its radial center of gravity. The point m of the radial center of gravity of the fixed disk will move tangentially to the circle from the initial position located at a distance R from its axis to a new position and will be at a distance R \ from the axis of rotation of the disk. In the process of increasing the frequency of rotation of the disk, the balance of forces acting in the horizontal plane is disturbed. The centrifugal force FCBR as the disk rotational speed increases and the linear velocity of the point r increases, it increases all the time. In this case, until the moment when the rotation speed of the disk increases, the balance of forces acting in the horizontal plane is violated, that is, in the process of increasing the rotation frequency of the disk the condition will be fulfilled all the time:

Due to this constant imbalance of forces acting in the horizontal plane, the linear dimensions of the rotating disk increase, and the elastic stresses in the disk increase due to its rotation. Since in the process of increasing the rotational speed of the disk, the balance of centrifugal and centripetal forces is violated and the condition:

this violates the equality of the projections of these forces on the direction of gravity acting on points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity. In this case, the condition will be satisfied:

FCRRRЗ> FRRЗ, (13)

which leads to an imbalance of the forces acting on the point m along the direction of gravity acting on it. The weight of the point t decreases. The weight of the entire disk as a whole also decreases, since the weight of all the points forming it decreases. A decrease in the weight of the disk will occur until the disk reaches the steady state n = Cpst and the balance of forces acting in the horizontal plane is restored:

and the equilibrium of the projections of these forces on the direction of gravity acting on all points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity will also be restored:

FCBRRZ = FRRZ. (fifteen)

If the linear velocity of the point m is not very large, then the centrifugal force FCBZ, caused by its rotation around the center of the Earth, is very small and does not significantly affect the weight reduction of the point m belonging to the radial center of gravity of the rotating disk. Therefore, at small linear velocities of the point m, we will consider the weight of the point m moving with constant peripheral speed, and the weight of the entire disk as a whole equal to their weight in a stationary state.

So, we found that in the process of increasing the speed of a disk rotating in a horizontal plane around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth, its weight will be less than the weight of a fixed disk. This effect of reducing the weight of a rotating disk in the process of increasing its rotation frequency will manifest itself until the disk reaches the steady-state mode n = Cpst.

After the disk exits in the process of increasing its rotation frequency to the steady-state mode n = Sopst, its weight will be restored and will be equal, at small linear speeds of the points belonging to its radial center of gravity, to the weight of the disk in its stationary state. Only the centrifugal forces caused by the rotation of the points belonging to its radial center of gravity around the center of the Earth will affect the weight of a disk rotating in a horizontal plane around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth, in the steady state of its rotation n = Cpst.

Now we will consider the processes occurring with a rotating disk, as its rotation frequency decreases during disk braking.

At first, the disk rotates with a constant frequency n = Cst, which ensures the constancy of the linear velocity of the points forming it around the O _\ O _r axis. The condition for the equality of forces acting in the horizontal plane and their projections on the direction of gravity acting on the disk points is satisfied. belonging to its radial center of gravity:

FCBR = FR, FCBRRЗ = FRRЗ. (16) Only centrifugal forces, caused by the rotation of points belonging to its radial center of gravity around the center of the Earth, affect the weight of the disk.

After the beginning of disk braking, as its rotation frequency decreases and the linear speed of movement of its points decreases, the balance of centrifugal and centripetal forces is disrupted now in the other direction. The disk begins to compress under the action of elastic forces. In this case, during its braking, the condition will be satisfied:

Therefore, in the process of disk braking, the ratio of the projections of these forces to the direction of gravity acting on points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity will be as follows:

FCBRRZ <FRRZ, (18)

which will lead to an imbalance of the forces acting on the points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity along the direction of the force of gravity acting on them. The weight of the points forming the disk will increase. Consequently, the weight of the entire disk as a whole will increase.

An increase in the weight of the disk during its braking will occur until the disk stops completely or its rotation speed stops decreasing. When the rotation of the disk is completely stopped, its weight will be restored, and when the frequency of rotation is stabilized, the weight of the disk will be determined by the magnitude of the centrifugal forces with which the points of the rotating disk belonging to its radial center of gravity balance the force of gravity acting on them when they rotate around the center of the Earth. Let us determine the dependence of the change in the value of the weight of a disk rotating around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth and the lifting force created by it during transient conditions, in the process of increasing (decreasing) the frequency of rotation of the disk, from geometric and physical parameters (see Fig. 2).

Assume that the disk rotates around its own axis O i O ₂ passing through the center of the Earth, with a rotation frequency equal to P _\ . The point m belonging to the radial center of gravity of the disk is in the position rn _\ at a distance R i from the center of the circle along which it moves in the horizontal plane, and at a distance Rz \ from the center of the earth. It has a linear velocity V _\ . The centripetal force holding the point m at a distance R _\ from the axis of rotation, and the centrifugal force with which the point m acts on the bonds holding it in the horizontal plane, are equal to:

FCBRI = FRI = ^ -. (19)

Ri

Equal are the projections of these forces on the direction of gravity acting on the point t:

FCBRRZI Spt. (twenty)

The projection of the projection of FCBRRZX of the centrifugal force FCBR \, With which each i-th point, belonging to the radial center of gravity of a disk rotating around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth, affects the direction of gravity acting on it in the horizontal plane of communication, acting on i - th point m, on the axis of rotation of the disk will be equal to: Yn = FcBRR for CoCaSa = FCBriX SiPax CoCax = SiPax CoCax. (21)

The sum of the projections Yn of all i - x points forming the circle of the radial center of gravity of the rotating disk will be equal to:

Yi =. (22)

Now we will begin to increase the disk rotation frequency from n _\ to ₂ and ₂ during the time At. As the time interval during which the disk rotational speed increases, we take the time interval At = IcEK. Moreover, in the process of increasing the speed of the disk, the linear speed of the point m will increase from the value of V i to the value of V ₂ .

In the process of increasing the disk rotation frequency, the point m through the time interval Δt = lcεк, as a result of the excess of the centrifugal force FCBR over the centripetal force FR, will be in position t ₂ at a distance of R ₂ about the center of the circle along which it moves in the horizontal plane, and the distance Rzg from the center of the Earth. The centrifugal force with which the point m acts on the bonds holding the point m relative to the center of the circle along which it moves in the horizontal plane, in position (2) will be equal to:

F i7 CBRI = ^{m Vl2} , (/ 2t3a l)

Ri

and its projection on the direction of gravity acting on point m in position (2) will be equal to: FCBRRZI = FCBRI Sipai = Sipai. (24)

Ri

The projection of the projection of FCBRRZI of the centrifugal force FCBRI, from which each i-th point, belonging to the radial center of gravity of a disk rotating around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth, affects the direction of gravity acting on it in the horizontal plane of communication, acting on i - th point t, on the axis of rotation of the disk will be equal to:

Ya = FcBRR for CoCsag = FCBRP SiPag Cosai = SiPaCosag. (25)

Ri

Yg = (26)

Then the magnitude of the lifting force, reducing the weight of the disk, acting along the axis of rotation of the disk, oriented to the center of the Earth, in the process of increasing its frequency of rotation from n _\ to n ₂ , will be equal to:

n n

Y = Yi - Yi - ∑FcBRaSiпaСосаi - ∑FцБRпСиргaιCosaι =

/ = 1 J = I

Given the fact that the mass of the points forming the circle of the radial center of gravity of the disk is equal to the mass of the disk as a whole:

mι = m, (28) i = l

expression (27) will take the form:

If this condition (29) is satisfied during each time interval At = IcEK, in the process of increasing the frequency of rotation of a disk rotating around its own axis passing through the center

Earth:

Y = 30)

it can be argued that this lifting force, reducing its weight, will be present as long as the rotational speed of the disk increases. The quantities in expression (30) are equal to:

Siпai = (31)

Sipaι = (32)

Substituting expressions (31) and (32) into expression (30), we obtain a formula for determining the magnitude of the lifting force created by a disk rotating around its own axis passing through the center of the Earth in the process of increasing its rotation frequency:

Let us bring expression (33) to a general form. To do this, we replace the distance Rz from the points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity to the center of the Earth by the value of an arbitrary radius Rk of curvature of the trajectory of the points of the disk belonging to its radial center of gravity in the planes to which the axis of rotation of the disk belongs:

γ l VlRYak _tf ιi ² '- RRIι 1 ^z . (34)

Analysis of this expression shows that the magnitude of the lifting

(driving) force created by a body rotating around its own axis depends on all the variable parameters included in this expression. By changing in one way or another the values of the variable parameters included in expression (34), it is possible to change the magnitude and direction of the lifting (driving) force. The speed of the material point m, rotating around an axis passing through the center of the Earth, is determined by the formula:

V = InRn, (35)

Substituting expression (35) into expression (34), we obtain:

Y = l JRki - Rl =

At a constant frequency of rotation of the disk n = Sopst expression (36) will take the form:

Obviously, at a constant frequency of rotation of a solid around its own axis, the quantities included in expression (37) are equal to:

since at a constant frequency of rotation of a solid, there is no change in its linear dimensions. Therefore, the driving force of the disk, caused by its rotation around its own axis, at a constant frequency of rotation of the disk is equal to zero. Consider the possibility of creating a driving force by a body rotating around its own axis, at a constant frequency of its rotation.

The analysis of expression (37) shows that in order to create a driving force by a body rotating around its own axis with a constant frequency, the following conditions must be fulfilled:

n> 0, m> 0, for

: Rr ≠ R \, for

: Rкi ≠ Rк \, (39)

Moreover, expression (37) makes sense if the following conditions are satisfied:

Rк2 ≠ 0, Rкι ≠ О, Rк2> R2, Rкι> Rι. (40)

The analysis of expression (37), taking into account the fulfillment of conditions (39) and (40), shows that the creation of a driving force by a solid body rotating around its own axis with a constant rotation frequency directed along its rotation axis is possible due to the movement of the liquid working fluid in radial channels made in a rotating body. In this case, a prerequisite for the creation of a driving force is the presence of centripetal forces that bend the trajectory of the liquid working fluid in the planes that belong to the axis of rotation of the body in the opposite direction to the created driving force.

The mover for the implementation of the above methods of creating a lifting (driving) force consists (see Fig. 3 and Fig. 4) of a housing 1, inside of which a rotor 3 is mounted using supports 2. A channel 4 for supplying and draining liquid and air is made in the housing 1 channel 5. The rotor 3 is hollow inside. It is mounted vertically. In its lower part there are windows 6 for the passage of fluid into the internal cavity of the rotor 3. Inside the rotor 3 above the windows 6 there is a fan 7 for suction fluid into the inner cavity of the rotor 3. On the outer perimeter of the rotor 3 there are radial channels 8, along which the fluid moves from the inner cavity of the rotor 3, when it is rotated, in the direction from the axis of rotation of the rotor 3. The channels 8 are curved in planes to which the axis of rotation rotor 3, in the direction opposite to the direction of the generated lifting (driving) force. The channels 8, on their peripheral part, end with nozzles 9, from which the working fluid expires when the rotor 3 rotates. The rotor 3 is driven by the engine 10. The proposed propulsion device operates as follows.

When the engine 10 is turned on, the rotor 3 starts to rotate. A liquid is introduced into the internal cavity of the housing 1 through a channel 4 (for example, water, mercury, etc.). With the help of channel 5, the required pressure is maintained inside the housing 1. The liquid supplied through the windows 6 enters the inlet of the fan 7 and is sucked into the internal cavity of the rotor 3. Then, the liquid enters the channels 8 through which it moves in the direction of the nozzles 9 through which it enters into the internal cavity of the housing 1. The liquid flows along the inner walls of the housing 1 and again enters the inlet of the rotor 3. As the fluid moves inside the channels 8 towards the nozzles 9, the linear velocity of the fluid increases, increases I am the centrifugal force with which the liquid acts on the walls of the channels 8, curving the direction of its movement and preventing it from moving in the direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor 3. Since when the rotor 3 rotates, fluid flows out of the nozzles 9, the centrifugal force with which the liquid working fluid acts on the walls of the channels 8, preventing the movement of fluid, exceeds the centripetal force with which the walls of the channels 8 act on the liquid working fluid, curving the trajectory of the fluid. Due to the excess of the centrifugal force from the side of the liquid working fluid on the walls of the channels 8 over the centripetal force with which the walls of the channels 8 act on the liquid working fluid, a force arises directed along the axis of rotation of the rotor 3 in the direction opposite to the curvature of the fluid flow channel. This force reduces the weight of the rotor 3 and the weight of the entire mover as a whole. As the rotational speed of the rotor 3 increases and this force exceeds the force of the weight of the entire mover, the mover begins to move up along the axis of rotation of the rotor 3. When the rotational speed of the rotor 3 decreases, the lifting (driving) force decreases, and the mover begins to move down.

The propulsion considered above can be equipped (see Fig. 5) with a rotor 3 with additional radial channels 11 for liquid passage. These channels 11 have a bend in the direction opposite to the bend of the channels 8. Inside the rotor 3 there is a distribution valve 12 with a rod 13. The distribution valve has axial channels 14 through which the working fluid passes into the internal cavity of the rotor 3 from the fan 7. Along the outer perimeter of the distribution valve 12 holes 15 are made through which the working fluid enters, depending on the position of the distributor valve 12, into channels 8 and 11. In the body of the rotor 3, a hole 16 is made connecting the cavity 17 above the distributor solid spool with an air cavity of the housing 1 of the mover.

The operation of this variant of the mover with two rows of channels differs from the operation of the mover with one row of channels in that the working fluid from the inner cavity of the rotor 3 enters the channels 8 and 11, depending on the position of the distribution valve 12 moved by the stem 13. Moreover, depending on the channels 8 or 11, along which the working fluid moves, the mover moves in one direction or another along the axis of rotation of the rotor 3. When the distributor valve 12 is in the intermediate position, the working fluid enters channels 8 and 11 in equal amounts, and the driving force when the engine 10 is running is zero.

The mover described above can be equipped (see FIGS. 6 and 7) with a housing 1, along the inner perimeter of which teeth 18 are made. In the housing 1, channels 19 and 20 are made for the heat carrier to pass through a radiator 21, enveloping the lower part of the rotor 3 around the perimeter and heating the working the fluid entering the inner cavity of the rotor 3. The nozzles 9 of the channels 8 and 11 are rotated in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the rotor 3 so that the jet emerging from them is directed to the front faces of the teeth 18 of the housing of the propulsion unit 1. Into the cavity 17 above the distributor valve m 12, the cooled air enters through the inner cavity 22 of the rotor shaft 3. From the cavity 17, the cooled air enters, depending on the operating mode of the propulsion unit, into the channels 23 for supplying the cooled air to the radial channels 8 and to the channels 24 for supplying the cooled air to the radial channels 11. Exhaust air is discharged through channel 5 from the internal cavity of the housing of the propulsor 1 for cooling.

This option propulsion works as follows. After the start of the engine 10, the rotor 3 begins to rotate. In the internal cavity of the housing of the propulsor 1 through the channel 4 is supplied with a working fluid. A coolant is introduced into the radiator 21 through channel 19, which is discharged from the radiator 21 through channel 20. The working fluid sucked by the fan 7 into the internal cavity of the rotor 3 passes through the radiator 21 and heats up. From the inner cavity of the rotor 3, the working fluid enters, depending on the position of the distribution valve 12, into the radial channels 8 (11). As the working fluid moves along the radial channels 8 (11), the linear speed of its movement increases, the centrifugal force increases, with which the working fluid acts on the walls of the channels 8 (11), which distort the trajectory of its movement. In the radial channels 8 (11) from the cavity 17 through the channels 23 (24) comes chilled air. In channels 8 (11), the cooled air is mixed with a heated liquid. The air, when heated, expands and increases the radial velocity of the fluid flow moving through the channels 8 (11). A jet of liquid and air coming out of the nozzles 9, channels 8 (11) acts on the teeth 18 of the housing of the propulsion device 1, increasing the rotational speed of the rotor 3. After increasing the rotational speed of the rotor 3 to a value at which a stable rotation of the rotor 3 is provided due to the expansion energy air in the channels 8 (11), the engine 10 is turned off. Further rotation of the rotor 3 is carried out by converting in the channels 8 (11) the thermal energy of the working fluid into the kinetic energy of expansion of the cooled air, and changing the frequency of its rotation is provided by changing the temperature and pressure of the supplied air and changing the temperature of the working fluid.

The control system for the air supply to the channels 8 (11) is not shown in the drawings. There are several options for using the air supplied to channels 8 (I). So it is possible to ensure air supply only to those channels 8 (11) through which the passage of the working fluid is ensured. It is also possible to provide a constant supply of air to all channels 8 and 11. In this case, it is possible to use the air entering the channels 8 and 11 and leaving the nozzles 9 to spin the rotor 3 of the propulsion engine instead of the engine 10. In this embodiment, the propeller spin the rotor 3 for the air supply to the channels 8 and 11, and the distribution valve 12 is in an intermediate position and provides a simultaneous flow of the liquid working fluid into the channels 8 and 11. With an increase in the rotational speed of the rotor 3 to a value at which it is provided about stable rotation, the distributor valve turns off one of the channels 8 (11), and the rotor 3 of the propulsion device begins to create a driving force. With an increase in the rotational speed of the rotor 3 to a value at which the driving force created by it exceeds the force that impedes the movement of the entire mover, the mover begins move along the axis of rotation of the rotor in one direction or another, depending on the channels 8 (11), along which the movement of the working fluid.

The above movers can be made in versions without fan 7. When operating such movers, the fluid enters the inner cavity of the rotor 3 due to the pressure drop in the inner cavity of the housing 1 of the mover and the inner cavity of the rotor 3.

The operation of these propulsion options differs from the work described above in that before starting into the internal cavity of the propulsion housing, liquid is supplied in an amount that ensures filling of the internal cavity of the rotor 3 and radial channels 8, 11. After the start of the engine 10, the rotor 3 begins to rotate and the liquid channels 8, 11 begins to move towards the nozzles 9, creating a reduced pressure in the inner cavity of the rotor 3. Under the action of the pressure drop that appears, the liquid from the inner cavity of the housing 1 of the propulsion It is the inner cavity of the rotor 3. After the mover on the steady-state operation in the internal cavity of the housing 1 is installed propulsor desired liquid level.

The propulsors discussed above can be made in versions (see Fig. 8) with the horizontal arrangement of the rotor 3. At the same time, there is a crankcase 25 in the lower part of the propulsion housing 1, where the spent working fluid flows. From the crankcase 25, the working fluid is sucked in by the fan 7 through the channel 26.

The operation of the mover with a horizontal arrangement of the rotor 3 occurs similarly to the above movers. The driving force is directed along the axis of rotation of the rotor 3.

The channels of the above-mentioned propulsors can be made in the form of a spiral to improve the mixing of liquid with air and to increase the kinetic energy of the flow of a liquid working fluid.

Claims

Formula

1. A method of creating a lifting (driving) force of an aircraft by rotating the body around its own axis using an engine, characterized in that the lifting (moving) force is created by accelerating the fluid in radially located channels of the body, which curvate the trajectory of the fluid in the planes to which the axis of rotation of the body, in the direction opposite to the direction of the generated lifting (driving) force.

2. The mover, including a housing, inside which a rotor is mounted, driven by an engine, characterized in that the housing has hydraulic and air channels, a fan is installed in the inner cavity of a vertically arranged hollow rotor, windows and radial channels for the passage of liquid working are made in the rotor body bodies ending in nozzles, and the aforementioned radial channels are curved in the planes to which the axis of rotation of the rotor belongs, in the direction opposite to the direction of the generated driving force.

3. The mover, comprising a housing, inside which a rotor is mounted, driven by an engine, characterized in that the housing has hydraulic and air channels, a fan is installed in the inner cavity of a vertically arranged hollow rotor, windows and radial channels for the passage of liquid working are made in the rotor body bodies ending in nozzles, one part of the said radial channels is curved in the planes that belong to the axis of rotation of the rotor, in the direction opposite to the curvature of the second hour these channels, and in the inner cavity of the rotor a distribution valve is installed, which ensures the distribution of the liquid working fluid between the said channels.

4. The mover, comprising a housing, inside which a rotor is mounted, driven by an engine, characterized in that the housing has hydraulic and air channels, along the inner perimeter it it is equipped with teeth, a radiator is installed inside the case, which surrounds the rotor part around the perimeter in the region of windows made in its body for passage of a liquid working fluid inside the rotor, a fan is installed in the inner cavity of a vertically located hollow rotor, radial channels are made in its body for passage of a liquid working fluid, ending with nozzles rotated tangentially to the perimeter of the rotor and directed to the front faces of the teeth of the housing, in the body of the rotor there are channels for the passage of air into its radial channels, one hour These radial channels are curved in the planes to which the axis of rotation of the rotor belongs, in the direction opposite to the direction of curvature of the second part of the channels, a distributor valve is installed in the inner cavity of the rotor, which ensures the distribution of the liquid working fluid between the said channels, and the motor that rotates the rotor is used as a starter.

5. The mover according to paragraph 4, characterized in that the radial channels of the rotor are made in the form of a spiral.