WO2010116525A1 - X-ray photographing apparatus - Google Patents

X-ray photographing apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010116525A1
WO2010116525A1 PCT/JP2009/057350 JP2009057350W WO2010116525A1 WO 2010116525 A1 WO2010116525 A1 WO 2010116525A1 JP 2009057350 W JP2009057350 W JP 2009057350W WO 2010116525 A1 WO2010116525 A1 WO 2010116525A1
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Prior art keywords
ray
ray tube
exposure
distance
subject
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PCT/JP2009/057350
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
智晴 奥野
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株式会社島津製作所
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Priority to PCT/JP2009/057350 priority Critical patent/WO2010116525A1/en
Publication of WO2010116525A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010116525A1/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/58—Testing, adjusting or calibrating thereof
    • A61B6/587—Alignment of source unit to detector unit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/44—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4476—Constructional features of apparatus for radiation diagnosis related to motor-assisted motion of the source unit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/58—Testing, adjusting or calibrating thereof
    • A61B6/588—Setting distance between source unit and detector unit
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00—Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/58—Testing, adjusting or calibrating thereof
    • A61B6/589—Setting distance between source unit and patient

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an X-ray imaging apparatus.
  • an X-ray tube emits X-rays and an X-ray detector detects X-rays.
  • the X-ray tube In the body axis direction, the X-ray tube is swung for each X-ray exposure, the X-ray incident angle is changed, the exposure range is shifted, and the X-ray detector is moved in conjunction with this.
  • the determining means For example, an irradiator is attached to an X-ray tube, the subject is illuminated by the irradiator, and a line marker is formed on the subject. Then, the X-ray tube is swung manually, the X-ray incident angle is changed, and the imaging range of the subject is determined by the line marker. Further, the X-ray exposure range and the number of radiographs are determined from the radiographing range of the subject, and the determined X-ray exposure range and the number of radiographs are determined, and between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube. The movement position of the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector for each X-ray exposure may be calculated from the distance, and the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector may be moved to the calculated movement position for each exposure.
  • the X-ray detector or the distance between the subject and the X-ray tube after determining the imaging range of the subject.
  • the X-ray tube is linearly moved for each exposure, the position is changed, the exposure range is shifted, and the X-ray detector is moved in conjunction with this to continuously It is also possible to obtain a plurality of X-ray images.
  • the imaging range of the subject is determined again, and the X for each exposure is again determined based on the changed distance and the determined imaging range.
  • an object of the present invention is to prevent problems associated with determination of the imaging range of a subject in an X-ray imaging apparatus that obtains a plurality of continuous X-ray imaging images and obtains a wide range of imaging images. It was made.
  • the X-ray tube emits X-rays, and the X-ray detector detects the X-rays. Furthermore, the X-ray tube is swung or moved linearly, and the X-ray detector is moved in conjunction with this to obtain a plurality of continuous X-ray images and obtain a wide range of images. Can do.
  • the X-ray imaging apparatus is provided with a distance calculation means, a calculation means, a detection means, and a control means.
  • the distance calculation means is for obtaining the distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube.
  • the calculation means determines the X-ray exposure range and the number of images to be taken from the imaging range of the subject, and also determines the X-ray exposure from the determined X-ray exposure range and the number of images to be taken and the distance obtained by the distance calculation means.
  • the movement positions of the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector for each shot are calculated.
  • the detecting means detects that the distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube has been changed.
  • the control means moves the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector to the movement position for each exposure calculated by the calculation means. Further, the distance calculation means receives the detection signal from the detection means and obtains the distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube. The calculation means recalculates the movement positions of the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector for each X-ray exposure based on the distance obtained by the distance calculation means.
  • the imaging range is an imaging range in the body axis direction, and is determined by swinging or linearly moving the X-ray tube in the body axis direction.
  • FIG. 1 shows an X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention.
  • This apparatus has an X-ray tube 1 and an X-ray detector 2, and the X-ray tube 1 is for exposing X-rays and is disposed on the front side of the top 3.
  • the X-ray detector 2 is for detecting X-rays and is disposed on the back side of the top 3.
  • the top 3 is for placing the subject 4.
  • the X-ray tube 1 is swung every exposure, the X-ray incident angle is changed, the exposure range L1 is shifted, and the X-ray detector is linked to this.
  • the X-ray incident angle is an angle of the X-ray axis of the X-ray tube 1 with respect to a direction perpendicular to the imaging surface.
  • the X-ray tube 1 is moved manually or automatically before the X-ray exposure, and the distance D between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 is (Dd) can be adjusted.
  • a detecting means 5 such as a potentiometer is attached to the X-ray tube 1, and when the X-ray tube 1 is moved, the detecting means 5 detects the position of the X-ray tube 1.
  • a control unit 6 is connected to the detection unit 5 and the X-ray tube 1, and a distance calculation unit 7, a calculation unit 8, a storage unit 9, and a control unit 10 are incorporated in the control unit 6, as shown in FIG.
  • the distance calculation means 7 receives the detection signal from the detection means 5 to obtain and calculate the distance D, (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1, and the storage means 9. Stores it (S1).
  • the operator inputs the distance d from the X-ray detector 2 to the subject 4.
  • the distance calculation means 7 receives the detection signal from the detection means 5, detects the distance D between the X-ray detector 2 and the X-ray tube 1, and detects the distance (D ⁇ ) from the subject 4 to the X-ray tube 1. d) is obtained and calculated.
  • the determining means determines the imaging range L0 of the subject 4.
  • an irradiator is attached to the X-ray tube 1, and the subject 4 can be illuminated by the irradiator and a line marker can be formed on the subject 4.
  • the X-ray tube 1 can be swung manually and the X-ray incident angles ⁇ and ⁇ can be adjusted and changed.
  • a touch panel is attached to the X-ray tube 1 and the upper end of the imaging range L0 is illuminated and a line marker is formed (S2)
  • the control unit 6 receives the signal
  • the storage means 10 stores the X-ray incident angle ⁇ (S3).
  • the control unit 6 receives the signal and the storage means 10 stores the X-ray incident angle ⁇ ( S5). Further, the calculation means 8 calculates the imaging range L0 of the subject 4 based on the X-ray incident angles ⁇ and ⁇ and the distance (Dd) from the subject 4 to the X-ray tube 1, and the storage means 10 Is stored (S6).
  • the shooting range L0 is calculated by the following formula.
  • the irradiator and the determination button are determination means, the irradiator and the determination button determine the imaging range L0 of the subject 4, and the storage unit 10 stores the determined imaging range L0.
  • the imaging range L0 is an imaging range in the body axis direction, and is determined by swinging the X-ray tube 1 in the body axis direction.
  • the calculation means 8 determines the exposure range L1 and the number of shots for each exposure from the determined shooting range L0.
  • the overlap range a of the exposure range L1 and the exposure range L1 is related to the exposure range L1.
  • the overlap range a is constant, and the exposure range L1 for each exposure is obtained by equally dividing the imaging range L0.
  • the exposure range L1 is determined. Specifically, considering the imaging range Lf on the subject corresponding to the maximum detection range of the X-ray detector 2, L0 ⁇ Lf ⁇ n ⁇ a ⁇ (n ⁇ 1) The minimum value of n that satisfies the above condition may be obtained and used as the number of shots n.
  • the exposure range L1 may be calculated by the following formula.
  • L1 L0 / n + a ⁇ (n ⁇ 1) / n
  • the calculation means 8 determines the X-ray incidence of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure from the determined X-ray exposure range L1 and the number of radiographs n and the distance (Dd) obtained by the distance calculation means 7. Calculate the angle.
  • the upper end point PTn, the lower end point PBn, and the X-ray incident point PAn of the exposure range L1 are determined by the exposure range L1, and the X-ray incident angle DEGn is calculated by the following equation.
  • PAn PBn + B
  • PAn and PBn in this equation indicate the distance between the X-ray incident point PAn and the lower end point PBn from the point where the horizontal line passing through the X-ray tube 1 and the imaging vertical line intersect.
  • a symbol B indicates a distance between the X-ray incident point PAn and the lower end point PBn.
  • the X-ray incident point PAn is on a line obtained by dividing the exposure angle ⁇ into two equal parts.
  • the symbol PTn in this equation indicates the distance of the upper end point PTn from the point where the horizontal line passing through the X-ray tube 1 and the imaging vertical line intersect.
  • Symbol A indicates the distance between the upper end point PTn and the X-ray incident point PAn.
  • PAn PBn + (PTn ⁇ PBn) ⁇ ⁇ ((D ⁇ d) 2 + PBn 2 ) / ⁇ ((D ⁇ d) 2 + PTn 2 ) + ⁇ ((D ⁇ d) 2 + PBn 2 ) ⁇
  • the X-ray incident angle DEGn is naturally determined by the movement position of the X-ray tube 1 that has been swung.
  • the calculation means 8 determines the movement position of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure from the determined X-ray exposure range L1 and the number of radiographs n and the distance (Dd) obtained by the distance calculation means 7. It is to calculate.
  • the calculation means 8 is based on the distance (Dd) between the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 and the exposure range L1 of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure.
  • the exposure angle ⁇ is also calculated (S7).
  • the calculation means 8 calculates the movement position of the X-ray detector 2 from the determined X-ray exposure range L1 and the number of radiographs n and the distance (Dd) obtained by the distance calculation means 7.
  • the calculation means 8 calculates the central position PCn of the exposure range L1 ′ on the detection surface of the X-ray detector 2 as the movement position of the X-ray detector 2.
  • the upper end point PTn ′ and the lower end point PBn ′ of the exposure range L1 ′ on the detection surface are the upper end point PTn and the lower end point PBn of the exposure range L1 on the imaging surface, and the distance d from the X-ray detector 2 to the subject 4. Is obtained by the following formula.
  • the central position PCn of the exposure range ′ on the detection surface can be obtained by the following equation.
  • PCn (PTn ′ + PBn ′) / 2
  • the movement positions of the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector are calculated based on the distance to the subject.
  • the calculation can be performed based on the distance to the X-ray detector.
  • the X-ray tube 1 is moved, and the distance D, (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 is changed.
  • the detection means 5 detects the distance D between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 (D ⁇ Detect that d) has changed.
  • the distance calculation means 7 receives the detection signal from the detection means 5 and obtains the distance D, (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1.
  • the calculating means 8 is determined by the determining means and the distance D, (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 obtained by the distance calculating means 7, and the storing means 10.
  • the X-ray tube 1 and X-ray detector 2 movement positions for each X-ray exposure are recalculated based on the imaging range L0 stored in the X-ray tube, and the exposure angle ⁇ of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure is also calculated. Recalculate.
  • a drive mechanism 11 is connected to the X-ray tube 1
  • a drive mechanism 12 is connected to the X-ray detector 2
  • a collimator is provided on the X-ray tube 1, and the drive mechanisms 11, 12 and the collimator are controlled.
  • Part 6 is connected.
  • the drive mechanism 11 is for swinging the X-ray tube 1.
  • the drive mechanism 12 is for moving the X-ray detector 2.
  • the collimator is for adjusting the exposure angle ⁇ of the X-ray tube 1.
  • control means 10 controls the drive mechanism 11 to move the X-ray tube 1 to the movement position for each exposure calculated by the calculation means 8, change the X-ray incident angle DEGn, and change the exposure range L1. To migrate. Further, the control means 10 controls the collimator and adjusts the exposure angle ⁇ of the X-ray tube 1 to the exposure angle ⁇ for each exposure calculated by the calculation means 8. Furthermore, the control means 10 controls the drive mechanism 12, moves the X-ray detector 2 to the movement position for each exposure calculated by the calculation means 8, and shifts the position.
  • the center position PCn of the exposure range L1 ′ on the detection surface of the X-ray detector 2 is calculated as the movement position of the X-ray detector 2, and the control means 10
  • the line detector 2 is moved so that the center position thereof coincides with the center position PCn of the exposure range L1 ′.
  • the imaging range L0 is an imaging range in the body axis direction
  • the X-ray tube 1 swings in the body axis direction
  • the X-ray detector 2 moves in the body axis direction. In this way, a plurality of continuous X-ray images are obtained.
  • the X-ray tube 1 is swung again to There is no need to determine the imaging range L0 of the specimen 4. Even if the imaging range L0 of the subject 4 is not determined again, it is based on the X-ray detector 2 or the distance D between the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 obtained by the distance calculation means 7, (Dd).
  • the calculation unit 8 can recalculate the movement positions of the X-ray tube 1 and the X-ray detector 2 for each X-ray exposure, and recalculate the exposure angle ⁇ of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure. The operation of the X-ray tube 1 is not required, and no time is required.
  • the calculation means 8 calculates the movement positions of the X-ray tube 1 and the X-ray detector 2 for each X-ray exposure.
  • the operator operates the X-ray tube 1 to form a line marker on the subject 4, and the imaging range L0 of the subject 4 is set by the line marker. decide. Thereafter, the X-ray tube 1 is raised, the distances D and (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 are increased, and the X-ray obtained by the distance calculation means 7 is obtained. Based on the distances D, (Dd) between the detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 and the imaging range L0 determined by the determining means, the calculating means 8 performs an X-ray tube for each X-ray exposure.
  • the movement positions of the sphere 1 and the X-ray detector 2 can be calculated, and the exposure angle ⁇ of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure can be calculated. Therefore, it is not necessary for the operator to operate the X-ray tube 1 at a high position, and there is no problem even if the operator is short.
  • the subject 4 Is determined (S2 to S6), the exposure range L1 of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure, the movement position (X-ray incident angle) and the exposure angle ⁇ are calculated, and the X for each exposure is calculated.
  • the movement position of the line detector 2 was calculated (S7).
  • FIG. 6 shows another embodiment.
  • This apparatus linearly moves the X-ray tube 1, changes its position, shifts the exposure range L 1, and moves the X-ray detector 2 in conjunction with this to move a plurality of continuous X-rays. Captured images can be obtained, and the captured images can be connected by image processing to obtain a wide range of captured images.
  • the detection means 5 detects the position of the X-ray tube 1
  • the distance calculation means 7 receives the detection signal of the detection means 5, and the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray
  • the distances D and (Dd) between the tubes 1 are obtained, and the storage means 7 stores them.
  • the subject 4 is illuminated by the irradiator, a line marker is formed on the subject 4, the X-ray tube 1 is linearly moved manually, the position is changed, and the imaging range L0 of the subject 4 is changed by the line marker.
  • the storage means 7 stores the determined shooting range L0.
  • the imaging range L0 is an imaging range in the body axis direction, and is determined by linearly moving the X-ray tube 1 in the body axis direction.
  • the X-ray exposure range and the number of shots are determined by the calculation means 8 from the determined shooting range L0. Further, the calculation means 8 detects the X-ray tube 1 and X-ray detection for each exposure from the determined X-ray exposure range and the number of radiographs and the distances D and (Dd) obtained by the distance calculation means 7. The movement position of the device 2 is calculated, and the exposure angle of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure is calculated.
  • the control means 10 controls the drive mechanism 11, moves the X-ray tube 1 to the movement position for each exposure calculated by the calculation means 8, and shifts the exposure range L1. Further, the control means 10 controls the collimator and adjusts the exposure angle of the X-ray tube 1 to the exposure angle for each exposure calculated by the calculation means 8. Furthermore, the control means 10 controls the drive mechanism 12, moves the X-ray detector 2 to the movement position for each exposure calculated by the calculation means 8, and shifts the position.
  • the imaging range L0 is an imaging range in the body axis direction, the X-ray tube 1 moves linearly in the body axis direction, and the X-ray detector 2 moves in the body axis direction. In this way, a plurality of continuous X-ray images are obtained.
  • the imaging range L0 of the subject 4 can be determined by the line marker at a position close to the subject 4.
  • the imaging range of the subject 4 can be determined by a line marker at a low position.

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Abstract

Disclosed is an x-ray photographing apparatus which eliminate a problem relevant to the determination of a photographing range of an examinee in an X-ray photographing apparatus that acquires a plurality of continuous X-ray photographing images to obtain a wide range of photographing images. A control means moves an X-ray tube and an X-ray detector to a moving position at every exposure calculated by a calculation means. Further, a detection means detects a change in a distance between the X-ray detector or the examinee and the X-ray tube and a distance calculation means receives a detection signal of the detection means to calculate the distance between the X-ray detector or the examinee and the X-ray tube. Based on the distance sought by the distance calculation means, the calculation means calculates again the moving position of the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector at every X-ray exposure.

Description

Ｘ線撮影装置X-ray equipment
　この発明は、Ｘ線撮影装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an X-ray imaging apparatus.
　Ｘ線撮影装置では、Ｘ線管球がＸ線を曝射し、Ｘ線検出器がＸ線を検出することは周知のとおりである。体軸方向において、Ｘ線曝射毎にＸ線管球を首振り移動させ、そのＸ線入射角度を変化させ、曝射範囲を移行させ、これに連動してＸ線検出器を移動させることにより、連続した複数枚のＸ線撮影画像を得て、画像処理によって各撮影画像を連結し、広範囲の撮影画像を得ることもできる（たとえば、特許文献１，２，３参照）。 As is well known, in an X-ray imaging apparatus, an X-ray tube emits X-rays and an X-ray detector detects X-rays. In the body axis direction, the X-ray tube is swung for each X-ray exposure, the X-ray incident angle is changed, the exposure range is shifted, and the X-ray detector is moved in conjunction with this. Thus, it is also possible to obtain a plurality of continuous X-ray images and connect the captured images by image processing to obtain a wide range of captured images (see, for example, Patent Documents 1, 2, and 3).
　この場合、まず、決定手段によって被検体の撮影範囲を決定する必要がある。たとえば、照射器をＸ線管球に取り付け、照射器によって被検体を照らし、被検体にラインマーカを形成する。そして、手作業でＸ線管球を首振り移動させ、そのＸ線入射角度を変化させ、ラインマーカによって被検体の撮影範囲を決定する。さらに、被検体の撮影範囲からＸ線の曝射範囲及び撮影枚数を決定すると共に、決定されたＸ線の曝射範囲及び撮影枚数、及びＸ線検出器又は被検体とＸ線管球間の距離からＸ線曝射毎のＸ線管球及びＸ線検出器の移動位置を算出し、算出された曝射毎の移動位置にＸ線管球及びＸ線検出器を移動させればよい。 In this case, first, it is necessary to determine the imaging range of the subject by the determining means. For example, an irradiator is attached to an X-ray tube, the subject is illuminated by the irradiator, and a line marker is formed on the subject. Then, the X-ray tube is swung manually, the X-ray incident angle is changed, and the imaging range of the subject is determined by the line marker. Further, the X-ray exposure range and the number of radiographs are determined from the radiographing range of the subject, and the determined X-ray exposure range and the number of radiographs are determined, and between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube. The movement position of the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector for each X-ray exposure may be calculated from the distance, and the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector may be moved to the calculated movement position for each exposure.
　ところで、被検体の撮影範囲の決定後、Ｘ線検出器又は被検体とＸ線管球間の距離を変更する必要があることがある。この場合、曝射毎のＸ線管球の移動位置を変化させ、そのＸ線入射角度を変化させる必要があることは当然である。曝射毎のＸ線検出器の移動位置も変化させる必要がある。したがって、Ｘ線検出器又は被検体とＸ線管球間の距離を変更したとき、再度Ｘ線管球を首振り運動させ、ラインマーカによって被検体の撮影範囲を決定し、変更した距離と、決定した撮影範囲にもとづき、再度曝射毎のＸ線管球及びＸ線検出器の移動位置を算出する必要があり、面倒であり、時間が要求されるという問題があった。 Incidentally, it may be necessary to change the X-ray detector or the distance between the subject and the X-ray tube after determining the imaging range of the subject. In this case, naturally, it is necessary to change the moving position of the X-ray tube for each exposure and change the X-ray incident angle. It is also necessary to change the movement position of the X-ray detector for each exposure. Therefore, when the distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube is changed, the X-ray tube is swung again, the imaging range of the subject is determined by the line marker, and the changed distance, Based on the determined imaging range, it is necessary to calculate the movement positions of the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector again for each exposure, which is troublesome and requires time.
　さらに、Ｘ線検出器又は被検体とＸ線管球間の距離を変更したとき、曝射毎のＸ線管球の曝射角度も変化させる必要がある。したがって、被検体の撮影範囲の決定後、変更した距離と、決定した撮影範囲にもとづき、再度曝射毎のＸ線管球の曝射角度を算出する必要がある。 Furthermore, when the distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube is changed, it is necessary to change the exposure angle of the X-ray tube for each exposure. Therefore, after determining the imaging range of the subject, it is necessary to calculate the exposure angle of the X-ray tube for each exposure again based on the changed distance and the determined imaging range.
　立位の被検体の場合、Ｘ線検出器又は被検体とＸ線管球間の距離を増大させたとき、被検体から離れた位置において、操作者がＸ線管球を操作し、被検体にラインマーカを形成し、ラインマーカによって被検体の撮影範囲を決定する必要があり、操作者からラインマーカが見えにくく、撮影範囲の決定に支障があるという問題もある。臥位の被検体の場合、Ｘ線管球を上昇させ、Ｘ線検出器又は被検体とＸ線管球間の距離を増大させたとき、高い位置において、操作者がＸ線管球を操作する必要があり、特に身長の低い操作者に困難を強いる。 In the case of a standing subject, when the distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube is increased, the operator operates the X-ray tube at a position away from the subject, and the subject In addition, it is necessary to form a line marker and determine the imaging range of the subject using the line marker, which makes it difficult for the operator to see the line marker and hinders the determination of the imaging range. In the case of a subject in a supine position, when the X-ray tube is raised and the distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube is increased, the operator operates the X-ray tube at a high position. It is necessary to do this, and it imposes difficulty especially on an operator with a short height.
　この他、体軸方向において、曝射毎にＸ線管球を直線移動させ、その位置を変化させ、曝射範囲を移行させ、これに連動してＸ線検出器を移動させることにより、連続した複数枚のＸ線撮影画像を得ることもできる。しかしながら、Ｘ線検出器又は被検体とＸ線管球間の距離を変更したとき、再度被検体の撮影範囲を決定し、変更した距離と、決定した撮影範囲にもとづき、再度曝射毎のＸ線管球の曝射角度を算出する必要があることは同様である。Ｘ線検出器又は被検体とＸ線管球間の距離を増大させたとき、ラインマーカが見えにくいという問題があり、高い位置において、操作者がＸ線管球を操作せねばならないという問題があることも同様である。 In addition, in the body axis direction, the X-ray tube is linearly moved for each exposure, the position is changed, the exposure range is shifted, and the X-ray detector is moved in conjunction with this to continuously It is also possible to obtain a plurality of X-ray images. However, when the distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube is changed, the imaging range of the subject is determined again, and the X for each exposure is again determined based on the changed distance and the determined imaging range. Similarly, it is necessary to calculate the exposure angle of the tube. When the distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube is increased, there is a problem that the line marker is difficult to see, and the operator has to operate the X-ray tube at a high position. The same is true.
　したがって、この発明は、連続した複数枚のＸ線撮影画像を得て、広範囲の撮影画像を得るＸ線撮影装置において、被検体の撮影範囲の決定にともなう問題がないようにすることを目的としてなされたものである。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to prevent problems associated with determination of the imaging range of a subject in an X-ray imaging apparatus that obtains a plurality of continuous X-ray imaging images and obtains a wide range of imaging images. It was made.
特開２００４－３５８２５４JP2004-358254 特開２００７－１３５６９２JP2007-135692A 特開２００７－１８５２０９JP2007-185209A
　この発明によれば、Ｘ線管球がＸ線を曝射し、Ｘ線検出器がＸ線を検出する。さらに、Ｘ線管球を首振り移動または直線移動させ、これに連動してＸ線検出器を移動させることにより、連続した複数枚のＸ線撮影画像を得て、広範囲の撮影画像を得ることができる。 According to the present invention, the X-ray tube emits X-rays, and the X-ray detector detects the X-rays. Furthermore, the X-ray tube is swung or moved linearly, and the X-ray detector is moved in conjunction with this to obtain a plurality of continuous X-ray images and obtain a wide range of images. Can do.
　さらに、この発明によれば、Ｘ線撮影装置に距離算出手段、算出手段、検知手段及び制御手段が備えられる。距離算出手段はＸ線検出器又は被検体とＸ線管球間の距離を求めるためのものである。算出手段は被検体の撮影範囲から、Ｘ線の曝射範囲及び撮影枚数を決定すると共に、決定されたＸ線の曝射範囲及び撮影枚数、及び距離算出手段により求められた距離からＸ線曝射毎のＸ線管球及びＸ線検出器の移動位置を算出する。検知手段はＸ線検出器又は被検体とＸ線管球間の距離が変更されたことを検知する。制御手段は算出手段により算出された曝射毎の移動位置にＸ線管球及びＸ線検出器を移動させる。さらに、距離算出手段は、検知手段の検知信号を受け、Ｘ線検出器又は被検体とＸ線管球間の距離を求める。算出手段は、距離算出手段により求められた距離に基づき、Ｘ線曝射毎のＸ線管球及びＸ線検出器の移動位置を再算出する。 Furthermore, according to the present invention, the X-ray imaging apparatus is provided with a distance calculation means, a calculation means, a detection means, and a control means. The distance calculation means is for obtaining the distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube. The calculation means determines the X-ray exposure range and the number of images to be taken from the imaging range of the subject, and also determines the X-ray exposure from the determined X-ray exposure range and the number of images to be taken and the distance obtained by the distance calculation means. The movement positions of the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector for each shot are calculated. The detecting means detects that the distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube has been changed. The control means moves the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector to the movement position for each exposure calculated by the calculation means. Further, the distance calculation means receives the detection signal from the detection means and obtains the distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube. The calculation means recalculates the movement positions of the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector for each X-ray exposure based on the distance obtained by the distance calculation means.
　好ましい実施例では、撮影範囲は体軸方向の撮影範囲であり、Ｘ線管球を体軸方向に首振り移動または直線移動させることにより決定される。 In a preferred embodiment, the imaging range is an imaging range in the body axis direction, and is determined by swinging or linearly moving the X-ray tube in the body axis direction.
この発明の実施例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the Example of this invention. 図１の装置の曝射状態を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the exposure state of the apparatus of FIG. 図２のＸ線管球の拡大図である。It is an enlarged view of the X-ray tube of FIG. 図１の装置の算出記憶フローチャートである。It is a calculation storage flowchart of the apparatus of FIG. 従来の装置の算出記憶フローチャートである。It is a calculation storage flowchart of the conventional apparatus. 他の実施例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows another Example.
　以下、この発明の実施例を説明する。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described.
　図１はこの発明にかかるＸ線撮影装置を示す。この装置はＸ線管球１及びＸ線検出器２を有し、Ｘ線管球１はＸ線を曝射するためのもので、天板３の正面側に配置されている。Ｘ線検出器２はＸ線を検出するためのもので、天板３の背面側に配置されている。天板３は被検体４を載せるためのものである。さらに、図２に示すように、曝射毎にＸ線管球１を首振り移動させ、そのＸ線入射角度を変化させ、曝射範囲Ｌ１を移行させ、これに連動してＸ線検出器２を移動させることにより、連続した複数枚の撮影画像を得て、画像処理によって各撮影画像を連結し、広範囲の撮影画像を得ることができる。Ｘ線入射角度とは撮影面に垂直の方向に対するＸ線管球１のＸ線軸の角度のことである。 FIG. 1 shows an X-ray imaging apparatus according to the present invention. This apparatus has an X-ray tube 1 and an X-ray detector 2, and the X-ray tube 1 is for exposing X-rays and is disposed on the front side of the top 3. The X-ray detector 2 is for detecting X-rays and is disposed on the back side of the top 3. The top 3 is for placing the subject 4. Further, as shown in FIG. 2, the X-ray tube 1 is swung every exposure, the X-ray incident angle is changed, the exposure range L1 is shifted, and the X-ray detector is linked to this. By moving 2, a plurality of continuous captured images can be obtained, and the captured images can be connected by image processing to obtain a wide range of captured images. The X-ray incident angle is an angle of the X-ray axis of the X-ray tube 1 with respect to a direction perpendicular to the imaging surface.
　さらに、この装置では、Ｘ線を曝射する前、手作業でまたは自動的にＸ線管球１を移動させ、Ｘ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）を調整することができる。さらに、ポテンショメータなどの検知手段５がＸ線管球１に取り付けられており、Ｘ線管球１を移動させたとき、検知手段５がＸ線管球１の位置を検知する。さらに、検知手段５及びＸ線管球１に制御部６が接続され、制御部６に距離算出手段７、算出手段８、記憶手段９及び制御手段１０が組み込まれており、図４に示すように、距離算出手段７が検知手段５の検知信号を受け、Ｘ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）を求め、算出し、記憶手段９がそれを記憶する（Ｓ１）。 Further, in this apparatus, the X-ray tube 1 is moved manually or automatically before the X-ray exposure, and the distance D between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 is (Dd) can be adjusted. Further, a detecting means 5 such as a potentiometer is attached to the X-ray tube 1, and when the X-ray tube 1 is moved, the detecting means 5 detects the position of the X-ray tube 1. Further, a control unit 6 is connected to the detection unit 5 and the X-ray tube 1, and a distance calculation unit 7, a calculation unit 8, a storage unit 9, and a control unit 10 are incorporated in the control unit 6, as shown in FIG. In addition, the distance calculation means 7 receives the detection signal from the detection means 5 to obtain and calculate the distance D, (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1, and the storage means 9. Stores it (S1).
　なお、この装置では、操作者がＸ線検出器２から被検体４までの距離ｄを入力する。そして、距離算出手段７が検知手段５の検知信号を受け、Ｘ線検出器２とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄを検出し、被検体４からＸ線管球１までの距離（Ｄ－ｄ）を求め、算出する。 In this apparatus, the operator inputs the distance d from the X-ray detector 2 to the subject 4. Then, the distance calculation means 7 receives the detection signal from the detection means 5, detects the distance D between the X-ray detector 2 and the X-ray tube 1, and detects the distance (D−) from the subject 4 to the X-ray tube 1. d) is obtained and calculated.
　その後、決定手段が被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０を決定する。この実施例では、照射器がＸ線管球１に取り付けられており、照射器によって被検体４を照らし、被検体４にラインマーカを形成することができる。手作業でＸ線管球１を首振り移動させ、そのＸ線入射角度α、βを調整し、変化させることもできる。さらに、Ｘ線管球１にタッチパネルが取り付けられており、撮影範囲Ｌ０の上端を照らし、ラインマーカを形成したとき（Ｓ２）、タッチパネルの決定ボタンを押すと、制御部６がその信号を受け、記憶手段１０がＸ線入射角度αを記憶する（Ｓ３）。さらに、撮影範囲Ｌ０の下端を照らし、ラインマーカを形成したとき（Ｓ４）、タッチパネルの決定ボタンを押すと、制御部６がその信号を受け、記憶手段１０がＸ線入射角度βを記憶する（Ｓ５）。さらに、算出手段８がＸ線入射角度α、β及び被検体４からＸ線管球１までの距離（Ｄ－ｄ）にもとづき、被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０を算出し、記憶手段１０がそれを記憶する（Ｓ６）。撮影範囲Ｌ０は次の式で算出される。
　　Ｌ０＝ tan α×（Ｄ－ｄ）＋ tan β×（Ｄ－ｄ）
　したがって、照射器及び決定ボタンが決定手段であり、照射器及び決定ボタンが被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０を決定し、記憶手段１０が決定された撮影範囲Ｌ０を記憶するものである。撮影範囲Ｌ０は体軸方向の撮影範囲であり、Ｘ線管球１を体軸方向に首振り運動させることにより決定される。 Thereafter, the determining means determines the imaging range L0 of the subject 4. In this embodiment, an irradiator is attached to the X-ray tube 1, and the subject 4 can be illuminated by the irradiator and a line marker can be formed on the subject 4. The X-ray tube 1 can be swung manually and the X-ray incident angles α and β can be adjusted and changed. Furthermore, when a touch panel is attached to the X-ray tube 1 and the upper end of the imaging range L0 is illuminated and a line marker is formed (S2), when the determination button on the touch panel is pressed, the control unit 6 receives the signal, The storage means 10 stores the X-ray incident angle α (S3). Further, when the line marker is formed by illuminating the lower end of the imaging range L0 (S4), when the determination button on the touch panel is pressed, the control unit 6 receives the signal and the storage means 10 stores the X-ray incident angle β ( S5). Further, the calculation means 8 calculates the imaging range L0 of the subject 4 based on the X-ray incident angles α and β and the distance (Dd) from the subject 4 to the X-ray tube 1, and the storage means 10 Is stored (S6). The shooting range L0 is calculated by the following formula.
L0 = tan α × (D−d) + tan β × (D−d)
Accordingly, the irradiator and the determination button are determination means, the irradiator and the determination button determine the imaging range L0 of the subject 4, and the storage unit 10 stores the determined imaging range L0. The imaging range L0 is an imaging range in the body axis direction, and is determined by swinging the X-ray tube 1 in the body axis direction.
　さらに、算出手段８は決定された撮影範囲Ｌ０から、曝射毎の曝射範囲Ｌ１及び撮影枚数を決定する。この場合、撮影範囲Ｌ０の他に、曝射範囲Ｌ１と曝射範囲Ｌ１のオーバーラップ範囲ａが曝射範囲Ｌ１に関係する。オーバーラップ範囲ａは一定で、曝射毎の曝射範囲Ｌ１は撮影範囲Ｌ０を均等割りしたものである。これによって曝射範囲Ｌ１が決定される。
　具体的には、Ｘ線検出器２の最大検出範囲に対応する被検体上の撮影範囲Ｌｆを考慮し、
　　Ｌ０≦Ｌｆ×ｎ－ａ×（ｎ－１）
　を満たすｎの最小値を求め、それを撮影枚数ｎとすればよい。そして、曝射範囲Ｌ１を次の式で算出すればよい。
　　Ｌ１＝Ｌ０／ｎ＋ａ×（ｎ－１）／ｎ
　さらに、算出手段８は決定されたＸ線の曝射範囲Ｌ１及び撮影枚数ｎ、及び距離算出手段７により求められた距離（Ｄ－ｄ)から曝射毎のＸ線管球１のＸ線入射角度を算出する。図３に示すように、曝射範囲Ｌ１によって曝射範囲Ｌ１の上端点ＰＴｎ、下端点ＰＢｎ及びＸ線入射点ＰＡｎが決定され、Ｘ線入射角度ＤＥＧｎは次の式で算出される。
　　ＤＥＧｎ＝ tan-1 （ＰＡｎ／（Ｄ－ｄ））
　　ＰＡｎ＝ＰＢｎ＋Ｂ
　なお、この式の符号ＰＡｎ，ＰＢｎはＸ線管球１を通る水平線と撮影垂直線が交わる点からのＸ線入射点ＰＡｎおよび下端点ＰＢｎの距離を示す。符号ＢはＸ線入射点ＰＡｎと下端点ＰＢｎ間の距離を示す。
　さらに、Ｘ線入射点ＰＡｎは曝射角度γを２等分した線上にある。したがって、角の２等分線の性質により、
　Ａ：Ｂ＝√（（Ｄ－ｄ）2＋ＰＴｎ2）：√（（Ｄ－ｄ）2＋ＰＢｎ2）
　この式の符号ＰＴｎはＸ線管球１を通る水平線と撮影垂直線が交わる点からの上端点ＰＴｎの距離を示す。符号Ａは上端点ＰＴｎとＸ線入射点ＰＡｎ間の距離を示す。
　したがって、距離の比例等分より、
　Ｂ＝（ＰＴｎ－ＰＢｎ）×Ｂ／（Ａ＋Ｂ）
　　＝（ＰＴｎ－ＰＢｎ）×√（（Ｄ－ｄ）2＋ＰＢｎ2）／
　　　｛√（（Ｄ－ｄ）2＋ＰＴｎ2）＋√（（Ｄ－ｄ）2＋ＰＢｎ２）}
　となるので、
　ＰＡｎ＝ＰＢｎ＋（ＰＴｎ－ＰＢｎ）×√（（Ｄ－ｄ）２＋ＰＢｎ２）／
　　　　　{√（（Ｄ－ｄ）２＋ＰＴｎ２）＋√（（Ｄ－ｄ）２＋ＰＢｎ２）}
　そして、Ｘ線入射角度ＤＥＧｎは首振り移動されたＸ線管球１の移動位置で決定されることは当然である。したがって、算出手段８は決定されたＸ線の曝射範囲Ｌ１及び撮影枚数ｎ、及び距離算出手段７により求められた距離（Ｄ－ｄ）から曝射毎のＸ線管球１の移動位置を算出するものである。
　算出手段８は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離（Ｄ－ｄ)と、曝射毎のＸ線管球１の曝射範囲Ｌ１にもとづき、曝射毎のＸ線管球１の曝射角度γも算出する（Ｓ７）。
　なお、曝射角度γは、次式により決定される。
　ＤＥＧｎ＝tan-1（ＰＴｎ／（Ｄ－ｄ）－tan-1（ＰＢｎ／（Ｄ－ｄ）） Further, the calculation means 8 determines the exposure range L1 and the number of shots for each exposure from the determined shooting range L0. In this case, in addition to the imaging range L0, the overlap range a of the exposure range L1 and the exposure range L1 is related to the exposure range L1. The overlap range a is constant, and the exposure range L1 for each exposure is obtained by equally dividing the imaging range L0. Thus, the exposure range L1 is determined.
Specifically, considering the imaging range Lf on the subject corresponding to the maximum detection range of the X-ray detector 2,
L0 ≦ Lf × n−a × (n−1)
The minimum value of n that satisfies the above condition may be obtained and used as the number of shots n. Then, the exposure range L1 may be calculated by the following formula.
L1 = L0 / n + a × (n−1) / n
Further, the calculation means 8 determines the X-ray incidence of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure from the determined X-ray exposure range L1 and the number of radiographs n and the distance (Dd) obtained by the distance calculation means 7. Calculate the angle. As shown in FIG. 3, the upper end point PTn, the lower end point PBn, and the X-ray incident point PAn of the exposure range L1 are determined by the exposure range L1, and the X-ray incident angle DEGn is calculated by the following equation.
DEGn = tan −1 (PAn / (D−d))
PAn = PBn + B
The symbols PAn and PBn in this equation indicate the distance between the X-ray incident point PAn and the lower end point PBn from the point where the horizontal line passing through the X-ray tube 1 and the imaging vertical line intersect. A symbol B indicates a distance between the X-ray incident point PAn and the lower end point PBn.
Furthermore, the X-ray incident point PAn is on a line obtained by dividing the exposure angle γ into two equal parts. Therefore, due to the nature of the angle bisector,
A: B = √ ((D−d) 2 + PTn 2 ): √ ((D−d) 2 + PBn 2 )
The symbol PTn in this equation indicates the distance of the upper end point PTn from the point where the horizontal line passing through the X-ray tube 1 and the imaging vertical line intersect. Symbol A indicates the distance between the upper end point PTn and the X-ray incident point PAn.
Therefore, from proportional equality of distance,
B = (PTn−PBn) × B / (A + B)
= (PTn−PBn) × √ ((D−d) 2 + PBn 2 ) /
{√ ((D−d) 2 + PTn 2 ) + √ ((D−d) 2 + PBn 2 )}
So,
PAn = PBn + (PTn−PBn) × √ ((D−d) 2 + PBn 2 ) /
{√ ((D−d) 2 + PTn 2 ) + √ ((D−d) 2 + PBn 2 )}
The X-ray incident angle DEGn is naturally determined by the movement position of the X-ray tube 1 that has been swung. Therefore, the calculation means 8 determines the movement position of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure from the determined X-ray exposure range L1 and the number of radiographs n and the distance (Dd) obtained by the distance calculation means 7. It is to calculate.
The calculation means 8 is based on the distance (Dd) between the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 and the exposure range L1 of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure. The exposure angle γ is also calculated (S7).
The exposure angle γ is determined by the following equation.
DEGn = tan −1 (PTn / (Dd) −tan −1 (PBn / (Dd))
　さらに、算出手段８は決定されたＸ線の曝射範囲Ｌ１及び撮影枚数ｎ、及び距離算出手段７により求められた距離（Ｄ－ｄ）からＸ線検出器２の移動位置を算出する。この実施例では、算出手段８はＸ線検出器２の移動位置としてＸ線検出器２の検出面上の曝射範囲Ｌ１’の中央位置ＰＣｎを算出する。検出面上の曝射範囲Ｌ１’の上端点ＰＴｎ’、下端点ＰＢｎ’は撮影面上の曝射範囲Ｌ１の上端点ＰＴｎ及び下端点ＰＢｎ、Ｘ線検出器２から被検体４までの距離ｄに関係し、次の式で求められる。
　ＰＴｎ’＝ＰＴｎ×Ｄ／（Ｄ－ｄ）
　ＰＢｎ’＝ＰＢｎ×Ｄ／（Ｄ－ｄ）
　したがって、検出面上の曝射範囲’の中央位置ＰＣｎは次の式で求められる。
　ＰＣｎ＝（ＰＴｎ’＋ＰＢｎ’）／２
　なお、上述の実施例では、被検体までの距離に基づいてＸ線管及びＸ線検出器の移動位置を算出したが、Ｘ線検出器までの距離に基づき算出できることはいうまでもない。 Further, the calculation means 8 calculates the movement position of the X-ray detector 2 from the determined X-ray exposure range L1 and the number of radiographs n and the distance (Dd) obtained by the distance calculation means 7. In this embodiment, the calculation means 8 calculates the central position PCn of the exposure range L1 ′ on the detection surface of the X-ray detector 2 as the movement position of the X-ray detector 2. The upper end point PTn ′ and the lower end point PBn ′ of the exposure range L1 ′ on the detection surface are the upper end point PTn and the lower end point PBn of the exposure range L1 on the imaging surface, and the distance d from the X-ray detector 2 to the subject 4. Is obtained by the following formula.
PTn ′ = PTn × D / (D−d)
PBn ′ = PBn × D / (D−d)
Therefore, the central position PCn of the exposure range ′ on the detection surface can be obtained by the following equation.
PCn = (PTn ′ + PBn ′) / 2
In the above-described embodiment, the movement positions of the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector are calculated based on the distance to the subject. However, it goes without saying that the calculation can be performed based on the distance to the X-ray detector.
　さらに、被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０の決定後、Ｘ線管球１を移動させ、Ｘ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）を変更する必要があることがあるが、この装置では、Ｘ線管球１を移動させたとき、検知手段５はＸ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）が変更されたことを検知する。さらに、距離算出手段７が検知手段５の検知信号を受け、Ｘ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）を求める。さらに、算出手段８は距離算出手段７により求められたＸ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）と、決定手段により決定され、記憶手段１０に記憶された撮影範囲Ｌ０にもとづき、Ｘ線曝射毎のＸ線管球１及びＸ線検出器２の移動位置を再算出し、曝射毎のＸ線管球１の曝射角度γも再算出する。 Furthermore, after the imaging range L0 of the subject 4 is determined, the X-ray tube 1 is moved, and the distance D, (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 is changed. In this apparatus, when the X-ray tube 1 is moved in this apparatus, the detection means 5 detects the distance D between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 (D− Detect that d) has changed. Further, the distance calculation means 7 receives the detection signal from the detection means 5 and obtains the distance D, (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1. Further, the calculating means 8 is determined by the determining means and the distance D, (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 obtained by the distance calculating means 7, and the storing means 10. The X-ray tube 1 and X-ray detector 2 movement positions for each X-ray exposure are recalculated based on the imaging range L0 stored in the X-ray tube, and the exposure angle γ of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure is also calculated. Recalculate.
　さらに、Ｘ線管球１に駆動機構１１が連結され、Ｘ線検出器２に駆動機構１２が連結され、Ｘ線管球１にコリメータが設けられており、駆動機構１１，１２及びコリメータに制御部６が接続されている。駆動機構１１はＸ線管球１を首振り移動させるためのものである。駆動機構１２はＸ線検出器２を移動させるためのものである。コリメータはＸ線管球１の曝射角度γを調整するためのものである。 Further, a drive mechanism 11 is connected to the X-ray tube 1, a drive mechanism 12 is connected to the X-ray detector 2, and a collimator is provided on the X-ray tube 1, and the drive mechanisms 11, 12 and the collimator are controlled. Part 6 is connected. The drive mechanism 11 is for swinging the X-ray tube 1. The drive mechanism 12 is for moving the X-ray detector 2. The collimator is for adjusting the exposure angle γ of the X-ray tube 1.
　そして、制御手段１０が駆動機構１１を制御し、算出手段８により算出された曝射毎の移動位置にＸ線管球１を移動させ、そのＸ線入射角度ＤＥＧｎを変化させ、曝射範囲Ｌ１を移行させる。さらに、制御手段１０はコリメータを制御し、算出手段８により算出された曝射毎の曝射角度γにＸ線管球１の曝射角度γを調整する。さらに、制御手段１０は駆動機構１２を制御し、算出手段８により算出された曝射毎の移動位置にＸ線検出器２を移動させ、その位置を移行させる。この実施例では、Ｘ線検出器２の移動位置としてＸ線検出器２の検出面上の曝射範囲Ｌ１’の中央位置ＰＣｎが算出されることは前述したとおりであり、制御手段１０はＸ線検出器２をその中央位置が曝射範囲Ｌ１’の中央位置ＰＣｎに一致するよう移動させる。撮影範囲Ｌ０は体軸方向の撮影範囲であり、Ｘ線管球１は体軸方向に首振り移動し、Ｘ線検出器２は体軸方向に移動する。これによって連続した複数枚のＸ線撮影画像を得るものである。 Then, the control means 10 controls the drive mechanism 11 to move the X-ray tube 1 to the movement position for each exposure calculated by the calculation means 8, change the X-ray incident angle DEGn, and change the exposure range L1. To migrate. Further, the control means 10 controls the collimator and adjusts the exposure angle γ of the X-ray tube 1 to the exposure angle γ for each exposure calculated by the calculation means 8. Furthermore, the control means 10 controls the drive mechanism 12, moves the X-ray detector 2 to the movement position for each exposure calculated by the calculation means 8, and shifts the position. In this embodiment, as described above, the center position PCn of the exposure range L1 ′ on the detection surface of the X-ray detector 2 is calculated as the movement position of the X-ray detector 2, and the control means 10 The line detector 2 is moved so that the center position thereof coincides with the center position PCn of the exposure range L1 ′. The imaging range L0 is an imaging range in the body axis direction, the X-ray tube 1 swings in the body axis direction, and the X-ray detector 2 moves in the body axis direction. In this way, a plurality of continuous X-ray images are obtained.
　したがって、この装置の場合、Ｘ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）を変更したとき、再度Ｘ線管球１を首振り運動させ、被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０を決定する必要はない。再度被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０を決定しなくても、距離算出手段７により求められたＸ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）にもとづき、算出手段８によってＸ線曝射毎のＸ線管球１及びＸ線検出器２の移動位置を再算出することができ、曝射毎のＸ線管球１の曝射角度γを再算出することもでき、Ｘ線管球１の操作は要求されず、時間は要求されない。 Therefore, in the case of this apparatus, when the distance D, (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 is changed, the X-ray tube 1 is swung again to There is no need to determine the imaging range L0 of the specimen 4. Even if the imaging range L0 of the subject 4 is not determined again, it is based on the X-ray detector 2 or the distance D between the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 obtained by the distance calculation means 7, (Dd). The calculation unit 8 can recalculate the movement positions of the X-ray tube 1 and the X-ray detector 2 for each X-ray exposure, and recalculate the exposure angle γ of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure. The operation of the X-ray tube 1 is not required, and no time is required.
　立位の被検体４の場合、まず、被検体４に近い位置において、操作者がＸ線管球１を操作し、被検体４にラインマーカを形成し、ラインマーカによって被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０を決定する。その後、Ｘ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ＋ｄ）を増大させ、距離算出手段７により求められたＸ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ＋ｄ）と、決定手段により決定された撮影範囲Ｌ０にもとづき、算出手段８によってＸ線曝射毎のＸ線管球１及びＸ線検出器２の移動位置を算出することができ、曝射毎のＸ線管球１の曝射角度γを算出することができる。したがって、被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０を決定するとき、操作者からラインマーカが見えにくいという問題はなく、容易に被検体の撮影範囲Ｌ０を決定することができる。 In the case of the subject 4 in a standing position, first, an operator operates the X-ray tube 1 at a position close to the subject 4 to form a line marker on the subject 4, and the imaging range of the subject 4 by the line marker. L0 is determined. Thereafter, the distances D and (D + d) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 are increased, and the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube obtained by the distance calculating means 7. Based on the distances D and (D + d) between the spheres 1 and the imaging range L0 determined by the determination means, the calculation means 8 calculates the movement positions of the X-ray tube 1 and the X-ray detector 2 for each X-ray exposure. It is possible to calculate the exposure angle γ of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure. Therefore, when determining the imaging range L0 of the subject 4, there is no problem that it is difficult for the operator to see the line marker, and the imaging range L0 of the subject can be easily determined.
　さらに、臥位の被検体４の場合、まず、低い位置において、操作者がＸ線管球１を操作し、被検体４にラインマーカを形成し、ラインマーカによって被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０を決定する。その後、Ｘ線管球１を上昇させ、Ｘ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）を増大させ、距離算出手段７により求められたＸ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）と、決定手段により決定された撮影範囲Ｌ０にもとづき、算出手段８によってＸ線曝射毎のＸ線管球１及びＸ線検出器２の移動位置を算出することができ、曝射毎のＸ線管球１の曝射角度γを算出することができる。したがって、高い位置において、操作者がＸ線管球１を操作する必要はなく、身長の低い操作者であっても、問題はない。 Furthermore, in the case of the subject 4 in the supine position, first, at a low position, the operator operates the X-ray tube 1 to form a line marker on the subject 4, and the imaging range L0 of the subject 4 is set by the line marker. decide. Thereafter, the X-ray tube 1 is raised, the distances D and (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 are increased, and the X-ray obtained by the distance calculation means 7 is obtained. Based on the distances D, (Dd) between the detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 and the imaging range L0 determined by the determining means, the calculating means 8 performs an X-ray tube for each X-ray exposure. The movement positions of the sphere 1 and the X-ray detector 2 can be calculated, and the exposure angle γ of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure can be calculated. Therefore, it is not necessary for the operator to operate the X-ray tube 1 at a high position, and there is no problem even if the operator is short.
　図５に示すように、従来のＸ線撮影装置では、Ｘ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）の算出後（Ｓ１）、被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０を決定し（Ｓ２～Ｓ６）、曝射毎のＸ線管球１の曝射範囲Ｌ１、移動位置（Ｘ線入射角度）及び曝射角度γを算出し、曝射毎のＸ線検出器２の移動位置を算出していた（Ｓ７）。そして、Ｘ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）を変更したとき、再度Ｘ線管球１を首振り移動させ、被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０を決定し、再度曝射毎のＸ線管球１の移動位置（Ｘ線入射角度）及び曝射角度γを算出していたものである。 As shown in FIG. 5, in the conventional X-ray imaging apparatus, after the distances D and (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 are calculated (S1), the subject 4 Is determined (S2 to S6), the exposure range L1 of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure, the movement position (X-ray incident angle) and the exposure angle γ are calculated, and the X for each exposure is calculated. The movement position of the line detector 2 was calculated (S7). When the distance D, (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1 is changed, the X-ray tube 1 is swung again, and the imaging range of the subject 4 is changed. L0 is determined, and the movement position (X-ray incident angle) and the exposure angle γ of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure are calculated again.
　図６は他の実施例を示す。この装置はＸ線管球１を直線移動させ、その位置を変化させ、曝射範囲Ｌ１を移行させ、これに連動してＸ線検出器２を移動させることにより、連続した複数枚のＸ線撮影画像を得て、画像処理によって各撮影画像を連結し、広範囲の撮影画像を得ることができる。 FIG. 6 shows another embodiment. This apparatus linearly moves the X-ray tube 1, changes its position, shifts the exposure range L 1, and moves the X-ray detector 2 in conjunction with this to move a plurality of continuous X-rays. Captured images can be obtained, and the captured images can be connected by image processing to obtain a wide range of captured images.
　さらに、図６の実施例では、検知手段５がＸ線管球１の位置を検知し、距離算出手段７が検知手段５の検知信号を受け、Ｘ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）を求め、記憶手段７がそれを記憶する。その後、照射器によって被検体４を照らし、被検体４にラインマーカを形成し、手作業でＸ線管球１を直線移動させ、その位置を変化させ、ラインマーカによって被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０を決定することができ、記憶手段７が決定された撮影範囲Ｌ０を記憶する。撮影範囲Ｌ０は体軸方向の撮影範囲であり、Ｘ線管球１を体軸方向に直線移動させることにより決定される。 Further, in the embodiment of FIG. 6, the detection means 5 detects the position of the X-ray tube 1, the distance calculation means 7 receives the detection signal of the detection means 5, and the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray The distances D and (Dd) between the tubes 1 are obtained, and the storage means 7 stores them. Thereafter, the subject 4 is illuminated by the irradiator, a line marker is formed on the subject 4, the X-ray tube 1 is linearly moved manually, the position is changed, and the imaging range L0 of the subject 4 is changed by the line marker. And the storage means 7 stores the determined shooting range L0. The imaging range L0 is an imaging range in the body axis direction, and is determined by linearly moving the X-ray tube 1 in the body axis direction.
　さらに、算出手段８が決定された撮影範囲Ｌ０からＸ線の曝射範囲及び撮影枚数を決定する。さらに、算出手段８は決定されたＸ線の曝射範囲及び撮影枚数、及び距離算出手段７により求められた距離Ｄ、（Ｄ－ｄ）から曝射毎のＸ線管球１及びＸ線検出器２の移動位置を算出し、曝射毎のＸ線管球１の曝射角度を算出する。 Further, the X-ray exposure range and the number of shots are determined by the calculation means 8 from the determined shooting range L0. Further, the calculation means 8 detects the X-ray tube 1 and X-ray detection for each exposure from the determined X-ray exposure range and the number of radiographs and the distances D and (Dd) obtained by the distance calculation means 7. The movement position of the device 2 is calculated, and the exposure angle of the X-ray tube 1 for each exposure is calculated.
　そして、制御手段１０が駆動機構１１を制御し、算出手段８により算出された曝射毎の移動位置にＸ線管球１を移動させ、その曝射範囲Ｌ１を移行させる。さらに、制御手段１０はコリメータを制御し、算出手段８により算出された曝射毎の曝射角度にＸ線管球１の曝射角度を調整する。さらに、制御手段１０は駆動機構１２を制御し、算出手段８により算出された曝射毎の移動位置にＸ線検出器２を移動させ、その位置を移行させる。撮影範囲Ｌ０は体軸方向の撮影範囲であり、Ｘ線管球１は体軸方向に直線移動し、Ｘ線検出器２は体軸方向に移動する。これによって連続した複数枚のＸ線撮影画像を得るものである。 Then, the control means 10 controls the drive mechanism 11, moves the X-ray tube 1 to the movement position for each exposure calculated by the calculation means 8, and shifts the exposure range L1. Further, the control means 10 controls the collimator and adjusts the exposure angle of the X-ray tube 1 to the exposure angle for each exposure calculated by the calculation means 8. Furthermore, the control means 10 controls the drive mechanism 12, moves the X-ray detector 2 to the movement position for each exposure calculated by the calculation means 8, and shifts the position. The imaging range L0 is an imaging range in the body axis direction, the X-ray tube 1 moves linearly in the body axis direction, and the X-ray detector 2 moves in the body axis direction. In this way, a plurality of continuous X-ray images are obtained.
　したがって、Ｘ線検出器２又は被検体４とＸ線管球１間の距離Ｄ、(Ｄ－ｄ)を変更するとき、再度被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０を決定する必要はない。さらに、立位の被検体４の場合、被検体４に近い位置において、ラインマーカによって被検体４の撮影範囲Ｌ０を決定することができる。臥位の被検体４の場合、低い位置において、ラインマーカによって被検体４の撮影範囲を決定することもできる。 Therefore, when changing the distance D (Dd) between the X-ray detector 2 or the subject 4 and the X-ray tube 1, it is not necessary to determine the imaging range L0 of the subject 4 again. Furthermore, in the case of the subject 4 in the standing position, the imaging range L0 of the subject 4 can be determined by the line marker at a position close to the subject 4. In the case of the subject 4 in the supine position, the imaging range of the subject 4 can be determined by a line marker at a low position.
１　Ｘ線管球
２　Ｘ線検出器
４　被検体
５　検知手段
７　距離算出手段
８　算出手段
９　記憶手段
１０　制御手段 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 X-ray tube 2 X-ray detector 4 Subject 5 Detection means 7 Distance calculation means 8 Calculation means 9 Storage means 10 Control means

Claims (2)

  1. 　Ｘ線を曝射するＸ線管球と、前記Ｘ線を検出するＸ線検出器とを有し、前記Ｘ線管球を首振り移動または直線移動させ、これに連動して前記Ｘ線検出器を移動させることにより、連続した複数枚のＸ線撮影画像を得て、広範囲の撮影画像を得るＸ線撮影装置であって、
    　前記Ｘ線検出器又は被検体と前記Ｘ線管球間の距離を求める距離算出手段と、
    　被検体の撮影範囲から、Ｘ線の曝射範囲及び撮影枚数を決定すると共に、決定されたＸ線の曝射範囲および撮影枚数、及び前記距離算出手段により求められた距離からＸ線曝射毎の前記Ｘ線管球及び前記Ｘ線検出器の移動位置を算出する算出手段と、
    　前記Ｘ線検出器又は被検体と前記Ｘ線管球間の距離が変更されたことを検知する検知手段と、
    　前記算出手段により算出された曝射毎の移動位置に前記Ｘ線管球及び前記Ｘ線検出器を移動させる制御手段とを備え、
    　前記距離算出手段は、前記検知手段の検知信号を受け、前記Ｘ線検出器又は被検体と前記Ｘ線管球間の距離を求め、
    　前記算出手段は、前記距離算出手段により求められた距離に基づき、Ｘ線曝射毎の前記Ｘ線管球及び前記Ｘ線検出器の移動位置を再算出することを特徴とするＸ線検出装置。     An X-ray tube that emits X-rays and an X-ray detector that detects the X-rays, the X-ray tube is swung or moved linearly, and the X-ray detection is performed in conjunction with the movement. An X-ray imaging apparatus that obtains a wide range of captured images by obtaining a plurality of continuous X-ray captured images by moving the instrument,
    Distance calculating means for obtaining a distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube;
    The X-ray exposure range and the number of radiographs are determined from the radiographing range of the subject, and each X-ray exposure is determined from the determined X-ray exposure range and the radiograph number and the distance obtained by the distance calculation means. Calculating means for calculating the movement position of the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector;
    Detecting means for detecting that the distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube is changed;
    Control means for moving the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector to the movement position for each exposure calculated by the calculation means;
    The distance calculation means receives a detection signal of the detection means, obtains a distance between the X-ray detector or the subject and the X-ray tube,
    The calculation means recalculates the movement positions of the X-ray tube and the X-ray detector for each X-ray exposure based on the distance obtained by the distance calculation means. .
  2. 　前記撮影範囲は体軸方向の撮影範囲であり、前記Ｘ線管球を体軸方向に首振り移動または直線移動させることにより決定されることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の装置。 The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the imaging range is an imaging range in the body axis direction, and is determined by swinging or linearly moving the X-ray tube in the body axis direction.
PCT/JP2009/057350 2009-04-10 2009-04-10 X-ray photographing apparatus WO2010116525A1 (en)

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JP2004358254A (en) * 2003-06-03 2004-12-24 Ge Medical Systems Global Technology Co Llc Method and apparatus for acquiring multiple images in digital detector
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CN110495897A (en) * 2018-05-16 2019-11-26 通用电气公司 The mobile control system and method for mobile device
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