WO2010110430A1 - プログラムの飜訳装置、飜訳方法、ならびに、記録媒体 - Google Patents

プログラムの飜訳装置、飜訳方法、ならびに、記録媒体 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010110430A1
WO2010110430A1 PCT/JP2010/055387 JP2010055387W WO2010110430A1 WO 2010110430 A1 WO2010110430 A1 WO 2010110430A1 JP 2010055387 W JP2010055387 W JP 2010055387W WO 2010110430 A1 WO2010110430 A1 WO 2010110430A1
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Prior art keywords
translation
variable
post
value
storage area
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PCT/JP2010/055387
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English (en)
French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
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淳 江口
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日本電気株式会社
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Priority to CN201080013814.9A priority Critical patent/CN102365622B/zh
Priority to US13/259,914 priority patent/US8527968B2/en
Publication of WO2010110430A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010110430A1/ja

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
    • G06F8/40—Transformation of program code
    • G06F8/51—Source to source
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F8/00—Arrangements for software engineering
    • G06F8/40—Transformation of program code
    • G06F8/41—Compilation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a program written in a first programming language that can be described by duplicating storage areas in which variables are secured, without duplicating variable storage areas in a program written in the second programming language.
  • the present invention relates to a translation apparatus, a translation method, and a recording medium suitable for translation.
  • an integer representing the Christian era and a character array expressing the Christian era as a character string are arranged in a memory realized by a RAM (Random Access Memory) redundantly as follows. Use a statement that declares a simple union. union ⁇ int i; char s [5]; ⁇ y;
  • the variable y is for storing the year.
  • the integer variable yi and the character array variable ys are placed in the overlapping area, yi is an integer value, and ys is a character string. A value that expects the year to be stored.
  • the integer int i is generally represented by 16 bits and 2 bytes.
  • the character array char s [5] is expressed by 5 bytes.
  • the integer variable y.i is arranged in the storage area overlapping with the first two bytes y.s [0] and y.s [1] of the character array variable y.s.
  • the C language character string adopts the ASCIIZ format in which the value 0 is a terminal character. Therefore, before assignment to yi, strcpy (ys, ""); Or strcpy (ys, "a”); For example, when an ASCII character string having a length of 0 or 1 is written in the character array ys, the terminal character is overwritten by the assignment to yi.
  • 7 is the bell character code
  • 217 is the character code of “Le” in half-width kana exceeding the ASCII character range. This is not the “string of the year” intended by the programmer.
  • strcpy (ys, "2009”); Is executed, the character array ys is valid as an ASCII character string and stores the value expected by the programmer.
  • a method of expressing an integer a method of using a bit string as it is by a 1's complement expression or a 2's complement expression, or a pack form binarized binary 10 that stores a decimal digit (0-9) value in one nibble
  • a technique using a decimal expression a technique using a zoned binary-coded decimal expression that expresses a decimal digit (0 to 9) with a corresponding character code, and can be interpreted as an integer or a character array.
  • a 4-digit zone-format binary-coded decimal number is stored in 1 byte by 1 digit independently of the specifications and functions of the CPU and the like. Secured.
  • REDEFINES clause is used to overlap the storage area of the zoned binary coded decimal variable and the storage area of the character string variable.
  • both the string variable YS and the integer variable YI have valid values.
  • the present invention solves the above-described problems, and a program written in a first programming language, which can be described by duplicating storage areas in which variables are secured, is written in a second programming language.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a translation apparatus, a translation method, and a recording medium that are suitable for translation without duplicating variable storage areas.
  • a translation apparatus translates a pre-translational program described in a first programming language into a post-translational program described in a second programming language, and a declaration translation unit
  • the substitution translation section and the reference translation section are configured as follows.
  • the declaration translation unit states that “the storage area in which the first pre-translation variable is secured and the storage area in which the second pre-translation variable is secured overlap” in the pre-translation program.
  • the declaration is changed to “the first post-translation variable and the first post-translation flag associated with the first pre-translation variable and the second pre-translation variable”.
  • the second post-translation variable and the second post-translation flag associated with each other are translated into a declaration that “they are ensured in storage areas that do not overlap each other”.
  • the substitution translation unit assigns a sentence “assign a value to the first pre-translation variable” in the pre-translation program, and assigns the value to the first post-translation variable in the post-translation program. Then, among the values to be substituted, information to be stored in the overlapping storage area is stored in correspondence with the overlapping storage area in the storage area in which the second translated variable is secured.
  • the second post-translation flag whether or not the information stored in the storage area where the second post-translation variable is secured is valid as the value of the second post-translation variable "Translate” to the sentence "write”, and in the pre-translation program "substitute a value for the second pre-translation variable", and in the post-translation program "the second post-translation variable the value Assign the information to be stored in the duplicated storage area among the assigned values to the first translated post-change. Is stored in the storage area associated with the overlapped storage area, and the information stored in the storage area in which the first translated variable is secured is the first translated variable. Is translated into a sentence “write in the first translated flag”.
  • the reference translation unit sets an expression “refers to the value of the first pre-translation variable” in the pre-translation program, and stores “the first post-translation variable is secured” in the post-translation program. Whether or not the information stored in the area is valid as the value of the first post-translation variable is determined by referring to the first post-translation flag. Refers to the value of the first translated variable and translates it into an expression that raises an exception if it is determined that it is not valid. Whether the information stored in the storage area where the second post-translation variable is secured is valid as the value of the second post-translation variable. , Referring to the second post-translation flag, and if it is determined to be valid, refer to the value of the second post-translation variable. And, if it is determined not to be valid, it raises an exception "to untranslated the expression effect.
  • the translation device of the present invention further includes a registered translation unit and a read translation unit, and can be configured as follows.
  • the registered translation unit sends a sentence stating that “the value of the first pre-translation variable is registered in the database” in the pre-translation program, and “the first post-translation variable is secured” in the post-translation program.
  • the information stored in the storage area to be used is valid as the value of the first post-translation variable by referring to the first post-translation flag.
  • Registers the value of the first post-translation variable in the database and if it is determined that it is not valid, translates it into a sentence that “registers the NIL value in the database”.
  • the statement “Register the value of the pre-translational variable in the database” is used in the post-translational program.
  • the second post-translation flag determines whether the variable value is valid. If it is determined to be valid, the value of the second post-translation variable is registered in the database. If it is determined that the value is not valid, the NIL value is registered in the database ”statement. translate.
  • the reading / translating unit reads a sentence “substitutes the value read from the database into the first pre-translation variable” in the pre-translation program, and reads the value from the database in the post-translation program. If the read value is a NIL value, the fact that the information stored in the storage area in which the first translated variable is secured is not valid is written in the first translated flag and the read If the value is not the NIL value, the fact that the information stored in the storage area where the first translated variable is secured is written to the first translated flag, and the first translated variable is secured.
  • the first pre-translation variable is a zoned binary-coded decimal type
  • the second pre-translation variable is the other integer type
  • the second The post-translation variable of 1 is an integer type that can represent the range of integers that the first pre-translation variable can take
  • the second post-translation variable is an integer that the second pre-translation variable can take. It can be configured to be an integer type that can express a range.
  • the first pre-translation variable is a zoned binary-coded decimal type
  • the second pre-translation variable is a character string type
  • the first post-translation variable The variable is an integer type that can represent the range of integers that the first pre-translation variable can take
  • the second post-translation variable is configured so that the second pre-translation variable is a character string type. can do.
  • a translation method is executed by a translation device that translates a pre-translation program written in a first programming language into a post-translation program written in a second programming language.
  • the translation device includes a declaration translation section, an assignment translation section, and a reference translation section.
  • the translation method includes a declaration translation process, an assignment translation process, and a reference translation process, and is configured as follows. To do.
  • the declaration translation unit performs the following operations in the pre-translation program: “a storage area in which the first pre-translation variable is secured; a storage area in which the second pre-translation variable is secured;
  • the first post-translation variable and the first post-translation flag associated with the first pre-translation variable and the second are translated into a declaration that “they are to be secured in storage areas that do not overlap each other”.
  • the substitution translation section sends a sentence “substitute a value to the first pre-translation variable” in the pre-translation program and “after the first translation” in the post-translation program. Assign the value to the variable, and store the information to be stored in the duplicated storage area among the substituted values, and the duplicated storage in the storage area in which the second translated variable is secured. Whether the information written in the storage area associated with the area and stored in the storage area in which the second translated variable is secured is valid as the value of the second translated variable, "Translate to the translated flag" in the post-translation program, and "Substitute a value for the second pre-translation variable" in the pre-translation program.
  • the reference translation unit generates an expression “refers to the value of the first pre-translation variable” in the pre-translation program, and “after the first translation” in the post-translation program. It is determined by referring to the first post-translation flag whether or not the information stored in the storage area in which the variable is secured is valid as the value of the first post-translation variable. If it is determined, the value of the first translated variable is referred to, and if it is determined that it is not valid, an exception is generated.
  • the expression “refers to the value of the pre-translation variable” is used as the value of the second post-translation variable in the post-translation program. Is determined with reference to the second post-translation flag, and if it is determined to be valid, the second It refers to the value of the translation after the variable, if it is determined not to be valid, raise an exception "to untranslated the expression effect.
  • a computer-readable recording medium that records a program according to another aspect of the present invention is configured to execute the program and cause the computer to function as the above-described translation device.
  • the program can be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium such as a compact disk, flexible disk, hard disk, magneto-optical disk, digital video disk, magnetic tape, and semiconductor memory.
  • a computer-readable recording medium such as a compact disk, flexible disk, hard disk, magneto-optical disk, digital video disk, magnetic tape, and semiconductor memory.
  • the above program can be distributed and sold via a computer communication network independently of the computer on which the program is executed.
  • the recording medium can be distributed and sold independently from the computer.
  • a program written in a first programming language that can be described by duplicating a storage area in which a variable is secured is duplicated in a program written in a second programming language.
  • a translation apparatus, a translation method, and a recording medium that are suitable for translation.
  • the present invention can be similarly applied to a case where C language or C ++ language is adopted as a programming language for describing the translated program, and the union is not used in the translated program. Is possible.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a translation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a schematic configuration of a translation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the translation device 101 shown in the figure is realized by operating a compiler program in a computer.
  • the computer reads a compiler program from a storage medium such as a hard disk into a RAM, and executes the compiler program while the CPU and other functional elements in the computer work together.
  • both the pre-translation program and the post-translation program are recorded on a storage medium such as a hard disk.
  • the RAM is used for storing temporary results of the compilation process.
  • the lexical analysis unit 102 performs lexical analysis, and the pre-translation program is converted into a string of lexical characters such as an identifier, an operator, and a reserved word. Convert to
  • the syntax analysis unit 103 receives the lexical string and performs syntax analysis to obtain a sentence constituting the pre-translation program.
  • This sentence has the following types: (1) A declaration statement for duplicating variable storage areas. (2) An assignment statement that assigns a value to a variable whose storage area overlaps. Use of the variable corresponds to use as a “left-side value (L-value)” in C ++ language. (3) A reference statement including an expression that refers to the value of a variable whose storage area is duplicated. Use of the variable corresponds to use as “R-value” in the C ++ language. (4) A registration statement for registering the values of variables with overlapping storage areas in the database. (5) A read statement for reading the value of a variable having a duplicate storage area from the database. (6) A normal sentence that does not use variables with overlapping storage areas.
  • the value to be assigned may include an expression to be referenced.
  • the declaration translation unit 104, the assignment translation unit 105, the registration translation unit 107, the read translation unit 108, and the normal translation unit 109 compile these various sentences.
  • the reference interpreting unit 106 compiles “an expression that refers to the value of a variable whose storage area is duplicated” included in the reference sentence. Therefore, when “an expression that refers to the value of a variable having a duplicate storage area” is used in the assignment statement as the value to be assigned, the assignment interpreting unit 105 sets the reference interpreting unit 106 to Compile the expression and use the result.
  • ⁇ Translated sentences are combined by the combining unit 110 into a translated program.
  • the details executed by the lexical analysis unit 102, the syntax analysis unit 103, the normal translation unit 109, and the combining unit 110 may be known techniques used in various compilers and translators.
  • the functions of the declaration translation unit 104, the substitution translation unit 105, the reference translation unit 106, the registered translation unit 107, and the reading translation unit 108 will be described in more detail.
  • the declaration interpreting unit 104 compiles a declaration in COBOL language of a variable having an overlapping area allocated in the storage area into a declaration in JAVA (registered trademark).
  • the zone format binary-coded decimal representation integer variable YI and the character array variable YS are declared to be duplicated in the same storage area as redefinable items.
  • YI and YS are declared to be duplicated in the same storage area as redefinable items.
  • the declaration interpreting unit 104 compiles such variables with overlapping storage areas into the following declarations.
  • (B) Declaration of a JAVA (registered trademark) variable indicating whether or not the value is valid when each COBOL variable is accessed.
  • JAVA registered trademark
  • variables for storing values stored in the COBOL variables yi and ys are fi and fs.
  • flag variables are typically logical types that store true / false values, but techniques such as bit arrays and bit fields may be used.
  • the initial values for fi and fs are typically false.
  • the setter method is a method included in the result of translating the assignment statement
  • the getter method is a method included in the result of translating the reference expression.
  • Each method for vi and vs will have the following signature: void setVI (Object value); void setVS (Object value); Object getVI () throws CobolException; Object getVS () throws CobolException;
  • a user-defined class for storing a value in the COBOL language a built-in type such as an int type or a long type, or a built-in class such as a String type may be used. Details of the contents of the method output as a result of compilation in the declaration interpreting unit 104 will be described later.
  • the assignment translation unit 105 translates assignment statements for variables arranged in overlapping storage areas. Therefore, when translating, (1) First, “expressions representing values to be assigned to variables” in the COBOL language are translated into JAVA (registered trademark) language programs. (2) After that, a value obtained as a result of executing the translation result is given as an argument, and the setter method is called to translate into a JAVA (registered trademark) program that substitutes the variable.
  • JAVA registered trademark
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control flow of processing executed by the setter method.
  • FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing a control flow of processing executed by the setter method.
  • the setter method When a process is started when a value to be substituted is given as an argument and the setter method is called, the setter method first expands the given argument into a byte string (step S201).
  • the CPU checks whether or not the byte string obtained by expanding the argument is valid as the value of the data variable associated with the setter method (step S202).
  • the CPU checks whether or not the byte string bs is valid as the value of the data variable vs, that is, whether or not it corresponds to a valid COBOL character string.
  • step S205 the CPU assigns false to the flag variable (step S205).
  • step S206 to S213 the following processing is performed for all the variables arranged in the storage area where the COBOL variable corresponding to the setter method is overlapped.
  • the following processing is performed for the COBOL variable YI.
  • the CPU expands the value currently stored in the data variable into a byte string memory image (step S207).
  • YI is converted to byte string cs.
  • cs CobolExtractToByteSequence (yi); Expand like this.
  • the CPU then overwrites the overlapping area of the byte string cs expanded for the data variable with the byte value stored in the overlapping area of the byte string bs expanded for the argument. (Step S208).
  • YS and YI are the same size, so the expanded byte string should be the same size and overwrite the whole.
  • step S207 when it is found at the time of translation that the entire data is overwritten, the expansion of the value stored in the data variable may be omitted in step S207.
  • the CPU determines whether or not the overwritten result byte string is valid as a byte string representing the value of the original data variable (step S209).
  • step S209 if it is valid (step S209; Yes), the CPU generates a value represented by the byte string, substitutes it for the original data variable (step S210), and substitutes true for the flag variable (step S210).
  • step S213 the CPU repeats the loop for all COBOL variables having overlapping storage areas.
  • the CPU finishes the setter method.
  • CobolExtractToByteSequence () that expands the value stored in the data variable into a byte string
  • CobolDeExtractFromByteSequence () that performs the reverse process
  • the reference translating unit 106 translates “an expression that refers to the value of a variable that is allocated to the overlapping storage area” and “a sentence that includes an expression that refers to the value of the variable that is allocated to the overlapping storage area”.
  • the identifier of the variable is used as the “right-side value” in the “expression that refers to the value of the variable”.
  • the reference translation unit 106 compiles these COBOL variables into calls to getter methods for the data variables.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of control of processing executed by the getter method.
  • FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing a flow of control of processing executed by the getter method.
  • the CPU When a getter method for a certain COBOL variable is called, the CPU first determines whether the value of the flag variable for the COBOL variable is true / false (step S301).
  • the flag variable fi is a determination target.
  • step S302 If the value of the flag variable is true (step S302; true), the value of the data variable corresponding to this is valid, so the CPU uses the value of the data variable as the result of the expression (step S303). This process is terminated.
  • return vi It corresponds to.
  • step S302 when the value of the flag variable fi is false (step S302; false), the value of the data variable corresponding to this is invalid. Therefore, the CPU generates an exception in accordance with the operation in the COBOL language (step S304) and ends this process.
  • throw new CobolException
  • CobolException simulates an exception that occurs during the operation of the COBOL language, and it is possible to catch the exception using the try ... catch ... finally ... syntax in the JAVA (registered trademark) language. is there.
  • the JAVA (registered trademark) program obtained as a result of translating the registration statement for registering in the database is (A) If the flag variable for the COBOL variable declared first is true, the value of the data variable is written to the database, (B) If the flag variable is false, a process of writing an NIL value indicating that no value exists into the database is performed.
  • the JAVA (registered trademark) program obtained as a result of translating the read sentence for reading from the database is: (A) If the value read from the database is an NIL value, set the flag variable to false, (B) If the value read from the database is not the NIL value, the flag variable is set to true, and the process of substituting the read value for the data variable is performed.
  • JAVA registered trademark
  • a program written in the first programming language that can be described by duplicating storage areas in which variables are secured is transferred to a program written in the second programming language. Therefore, it is possible to provide a translation device, a translation method, and a recording medium that are suitable for translation without duplicating the storage area.

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PCT/JP2010/055387 2009-03-26 2010-03-26 プログラムの飜訳装置、飜訳方法、ならびに、記録媒体 WO2010110430A1 (ja)

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