WO2010103679A1 - 淡水化装置及び淡水化装置の洗浄方法 - Google Patents
淡水化装置及び淡水化装置の洗浄方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010103679A1 WO2010103679A1 PCT/JP2009/064060 JP2009064060W WO2010103679A1 WO 2010103679 A1 WO2010103679 A1 WO 2010103679A1 JP 2009064060 W JP2009064060 W JP 2009064060W WO 2010103679 A1 WO2010103679 A1 WO 2010103679A1
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- reverse osmosis
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
- C02F1/441—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis by reverse osmosis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/025—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/04—Feed pretreatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/06—Energy recovery
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
- B01D61/12—Controlling or regulating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/58—Multistep processes
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
- B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2311/00—Details relating to membrane separation process operations and control
- B01D2311/04—Specific process operations in the feed stream; Feed pretreatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
- B01D2321/04—Backflushing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/10—Energy recovery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/131—Reverse-osmosis
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/30—Wastewater or sewage treatment systems using renewable energies
Definitions
- the present invention provides a desalination apparatus capable of eliminating a contaminated layer of a reverse osmosis membrane without stopping seawater desalination operation, and capable of continuously continuing seawater desalination, and cleaning of the desalination apparatus. Regarding the method.
- RO membrane Reverse Osmosis Membrane
- Non-patent Document 1 Boris Liberman et. Al., “ Replacing membrane CIP by direct osmosis cleaning, The international desalination & water reuse quarterly, 15 (2), 28-32 (2005)).
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a desalination apparatus according to the prior art.
- a desalination apparatus 100 ⁇ / b> A according to the prior art is supplied from a pretreatment apparatus 13 having a pretreatment membrane 12 that filters turbid components in raw water (seawater) 11 and the pretreatment apparatus 13.
- the raw water 11 that is seawater is filtered by the pretreatment device 13.
- reference numeral 22 denotes a raw water line for supplying the raw water 11 to the pretreatment device 13
- 23 denotes a filtered water line for supplying the filtered water 14 to the reverse osmosis membrane device 17
- 24 denotes concentrated water concentrated by the reverse osmosis membrane device 17.
- a concentrated water line for discharging 18 and 25 is a permeated water line for supplying the permeated water 15 to an external water use facility or the like.
- Patent Document 1 a simple flushing method for a reverse osmosis membrane has been proposed in order to remove turbidity accumulated on the membrane surface of the RO membrane 16 after operating for a predetermined time.
- This method utilizes the fact that a reverse osmosis membrane that separates raw water pumped by a high-pressure pump into concentrated water and permeated water is an osmosis membrane. The clogged turbid matter is removed by flushing.
- this method requires stopping the high pressure pump. Therefore, although it can be applied to a small-sized or medium-sized seawater desalination facility, a large-scale seawater desalination plant has a problem that once the high-pressure pump is stopped, it takes time to reach a steady state and cannot be applied.
- Patent Document 2 it has been proposed to remove turbid components without stopping seawater desalination.
- FIG. 7 A schematic diagram of another desalination apparatus according to the prior art is shown in FIG.
- the desalination apparatus 100 ⁇ / b> B according to the related art includes an opening / closing valve 26 in the concentrated water line 24 to reduce the supply amount of the raw water 11, and the opening / closing valve interposed in the concentrated water line 24. 26 is increased, the flow rate in the reverse osmosis membrane device 17 is increased, and the gel layer which is a turbid component by the filtered water 14 is removed.
- the present invention provides a desalination apparatus and fresh water that can eliminate the turbid layer of the reverse osmosis membrane without stopping the desalination operation and can continue the desalination continuously. It is an object of the present invention to provide a cleaning method for an oxidizer.
- the first invention of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problem is to remove a salt content from a pretreatment device having a pretreatment membrane for filtering turbid components in raw water and filtered water from the pretreatment device.
- a reverse osmosis membrane device having a reverse osmosis membrane for producing permeated water, and a high-pressure pump and a reverse osmosis membrane device interposed in a filtrate water line for supplying filtrate from the pretreatment device to the reverse osmosis membrane device.
- the first control valve for temporarily lowering the supply pressure of the filtered water and the first control valve are operated, and the operation for reducing the pressure at the inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane device in a pulsed manner during the operation is performed.
- a desalination apparatus comprising a control device that performs control.
- the second invention is a pretreatment device having a pretreatment membrane for filtering turbid components in raw water and a reverse osmosis membrane having a reverse osmosis membrane for producing permeated water by removing salt from the filtrate water from the pretreatment device.
- An osmosis membrane device a second control valve that is interposed in a permeate line that supplies permeate obtained from the reverse osmosis membrane device, and temporarily increases the pressure of the permeate; and the second control valve
- a desalination apparatus comprising: a control device that performs an operation to operate and perform an operation of increasing the pressure of the permeated water in a pulsed manner during the operation.
- the third aspect of the invention relates to a pretreatment device having a pretreatment membrane for filtering turbid components in raw water and a reverse osmosis membrane having a reverse osmosis membrane for producing permeated water by removing salt from the filtrate water from the pretreatment device.
- a first control valve that is configured to be interposed, a second control valve that is interposed in a permeate line that supplies permeated water obtained from the reverse osmosis membrane device, and temporarily increases the pressure of the permeated water; Control to operate either one or both of the control valve and the second control valve to reduce the pressure at the inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane device in a pulsed manner during the operation, or a pulsed transmission during the operation Perform one or both of the controls to implement the operation to increase the water pressure.
- desalination apparatus characterized by comprising and a control unit.
- a desalination apparatus according to any one of the first to third aspects, further comprising an energy recovery device that is interposed in the concentrated water line and recovers energy of concentrated water having a high pressure. is there.
- 5th invention is a method of desalinating using the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus which has a reverse osmosis membrane which removes salt from raw
- a first control valve for reducing the pressure of the reverse osmosis membrane device is provided, the operation of reducing the pressure at the inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane device in a pulsed manner during the operation, and the reverse osmosis action causes reverse flow to clean the membrane surface of the reverse osmosis membrane
- the method for cleaning a desalination apparatus is characterized by the above.
- 6th invention is the method of desalinating using the reverse osmosis membrane apparatus which has a reverse osmosis membrane which removes salt from raw
- a second control valve for temporarily increasing is provided, and an operation for increasing the pressure of the permeated water in a pulse manner during operation is performed, and the membrane surface of the reverse osmosis membrane is washed by flowing backward by forward osmosis. It is in the washing
- the contaminated layer of the reverse osmosis membrane can be eliminated without stopping the seawater desalination operation, and the seawater desalination can be continued continuously.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a desalination apparatus according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a desalination apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a desalination apparatus according to a third embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a relationship diagram between the elapsed time of operation according to the test example, the amount of permeated water, and the supply pressure.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram illustrating changes in the amount of permeated water according to the test example.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a desalination apparatus according to the prior art.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic view of another desalination apparatus according to the prior art.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a desalination apparatus according to a first embodiment.
- a desalination apparatus 10 ⁇ / b> A according to the present embodiment includes a pretreatment device 13 having a pretreatment membrane 12 that filters turbid components in raw water 11, and filtered water 14 from the pretreatment device 13.
- a reverse osmosis membrane device 17 having a reverse osmosis membrane 16 for producing a permeated water 15 by removing salt from the water, and a filtrate water line 23 for supplying filtered water 14 from the pretreatment device 13 to the reverse osmosis membrane device 17.
- the first control valve 31 for temporarily lowering the supply pressure of the filtered water 14 and the first control valve 31 are operated between the high-pressure pump 21 and the reverse osmosis membrane device 17, during operation.
- a control device 30 that performs suck-back control for performing an operation for reducing the pressure at the inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane device 17 in a pulse manner.
- the first control valve 31 interposed in the filtered water line 23 can be closed in a pulse manner, and the closing time is 1 to 30 minutes, more preferably about 2 to 15 minutes. Yes.
- the pressure drop due to the adjustment of the opening degree of the first control valve 31 is set to 2 MPa or less, but this takes into account the osmotic pressure of seawater. You may make it improve.
- control for changing the pressure at the inlet of the reverse osmosis membrane device 17 in a pulsed manner during the operation according to the present invention is performed a plurality of times in addition to a single pulse-like pressure change when the RO membrane 16 is washed. It is also included that the film surface is cleaned by continuous pulse-like pressure fluctuations.
- the energy recovery device 35 can be installed in the concentrated water line 24. It becomes.
- the energy recovery device 35 can recover the energy of the concentrated water 18 at a high pressure (when the supply pressure is 6 MPa, for example, about 5.5 MPa, which is slightly reduced), for example,
- the energy for driving the high-pressure pump 21 can be secured, and the filtered water 14 can be pressure-converted to a high pressure, which contributes to the improvement of the energy efficiency of the seawater desalination facility.
- the energy recovery device 35 for example, a well-known device such as a Pelton Wheel type energy recovery device, a Turbocharger type energy recovery device, a PX (Pressure Exchanger) type energy recovery device, a DWEER (Dual Work Exchange Energy Recovery) type energy recovery device, or the like. Can be used.
- a well-known device such as a Pelton Wheel type energy recovery device, a Turbocharger type energy recovery device, a PX (Pressure Exchanger) type energy recovery device, a DWEER (Dual Work Exchange Energy Recovery) type energy recovery device, or the like. Can be used.
- the turbid components of the RO membrane can be removed without stopping the operation of the high-pressure pump 21 and without using a high-concentration sodium chloride solution or the like.
- FIG. 4 is a relational diagram of the elapsed time of operation according to the test example, the permeated water amount, and the supply pressure
- FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a change in the permeated water amount according to the test example.
- the supply pressure of the filtered water 14 during normal operation was 6.0 MPa as shown in FIG.
- the permeated water amount of the permeated water 15 at the beginning of operation was about 1.45 ml / min.
- the suck back control for closing the first first control valve 31 in a pulse manner was performed. This suck-back control was reduced to 0.2 MPa and continued for about 5 minutes, and then opened again to return to the original pressure of 6.0 MPa.
- the turbid layer attached to the RO membrane 16 was formed by mixing 5 ppm of organic matter in 3.2% NaCl and attaching it to the RO membrane to simulate the turbid layer.
- the desalination apparatus can be cleaned safely and stably without stopping the high-pressure pump 21 and without using chemicals, etc., and operation with improved energy efficiency over a long period of time is possible. It becomes.
- the use of 100,000 kg of the medicine is eliminated by one washing. Since the cost of the drug is 30 yen / kg, the cost is reduced by about 100 million yen per year. If calculated as a desalination plant of 200,000 m 3 / day, the water production cost will be reduced by about 1 yen / m 3 . Since the water production cost at the present time is about 100 yen / m 3 , the cost is reduced by 1%.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a desalination apparatus according to the second embodiment.
- symbol is attached
- the desalination apparatus 10 ⁇ / b> B is a second unit that temporarily increases the pressure of the permeate 15 in the permeate line 25 instead of providing the first control valve 31.
- a control valve 32 is interposed.
- movement which increases the pressure of the permeated water 15 in a pulse is carried out during a driving
- the reverse osmosis is performed by the flow of the permeate 15 that permeates the reverse osmosis membrane 16 based on the normal osmosis phenomenon by performing an operation of increasing the pressure on the permeate side in a pulse manner during the operation.
- the deposited layer deposited on the film surface of the film 16 is excluded.
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a desalination apparatus according to a third embodiment.
- symbol is attached
- the desalination apparatus 10 ⁇ / b> C includes a first control valve 31 that temporarily lowers the supply pressure of the raw water in the filtered water line 23 in the first embodiment, and a pressure of the permeated water 15 in the permeate line 25. And a second control valve 32 that temporarily increases.
- one of the control valves is closed to clean the membrane surface of the reverse osmosis membrane.
- the first control valve 31 reduces the pressure to a predetermined pressure, for example, 2 MPa, performs pulse-like suckback control, cleans the film, and then If the recovery of the supply pressure does not reach the desired value, the second control valve 32 is controlled to perform an operation of increasing the pressure on the permeate side in a pulse manner, thereby reverse osmosis based on the forward osmosis phenomenon.
- the deposited layer deposited on the membrane surface of the reverse osmosis membrane 16 is eliminated by the flow of the permeated water 15 passing through the membrane 16.
- the contaminated layer of the reverse osmosis membrane can be eliminated without stopping the seawater desalination operation, and the seawater desalination can be continued continuously. Can contribute to the improvement of the energy efficiency of seawater desalination.
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Abstract
Description
後者の逆浸透法は、蒸発法よりエネルギー効率に優れている反面、RO膜が海水中の微生物や析出物で目詰まりしないよう入念に前処理(原水である海水中の濁質分を除去する「UF膜(限外濾過膜)」又は「MF膜(精密濾過膜)」で処理)すると共に、メンテナンスを常時行うようにしている。
図6に示すように、従来技術に係る淡水化装置100Aは、原水(海水)11中の濁質分を濾過する前処理膜12を有する前処理装置13と、前記前処理装置13から供給された濾過水14から塩分を除去して透過水15を得る逆浸透膜(RO膜)16を有する逆浸透膜装置17とを具備するものであり、海水である原水11を前処理装置13で濾過し、その後高圧ポンプ21を用いてRO膜16の供給水側に浸透圧以上の運転圧力をかけ、濾過水14から塩分を除去させ、淡水化処理して透過水15を得るようにしている。
ここで、符号22は原水11を前処理装置13へ供給する原水ライン、23は濾過水14を逆浸透膜装置17へ供給する濾過水ライン、24は逆浸透膜装置17で濃縮された濃縮水18を排出する濃縮水ライン、25は透過水15を外部の水使用設備等に供給する透過水ラインである。
この方法は、高圧ポンプにより圧送された原水を濃縮水と透過水とに分離する逆浸透膜が浸透膜であることを利用して、高圧ポンプの作動と停止とを繰り返すことで、RO膜に目詰まりした濁質分をフラッシングにより除去するものである。
図7に示すように、従来技術に係る淡水化装置100Bは、濃縮水ライン24に開閉バルブ26を介装させ、原水11の供給量を減らすと共に、濃縮水ライン24に介装された開閉バルブ26の開度を増して、逆浸透膜装置17内の流速を増し、濾過水14による濁質分であるゲル層を除去するようにしている。
図1に示すように、本実施例に係る淡水化装置10Aは、原水11中の濁質分を濾過する前処理膜12を有する前処理装置13と、前記前処理装置13からの濾過水14から塩分を除去して透過水15を生産する逆浸透膜16を有する逆浸透膜装置17と、前記前処理装置13から逆浸透膜装置17に濾過水14を供給する濾過水ライン23に介装された高圧ポンプ21と逆浸透膜装置17との間に、濾過水14の供給圧力を一時的に低下させる第1の制御弁31と、前記第1の制御弁31を操作し、運転中にパルス的に逆浸透膜装置17の入口の圧力を低下させる運転を実施するサックバック制御を行う制御装置30とを具備してなるものである。
次に、本発明の効果を示す試験例について説明する。ここで、図4は、試験例に係る運転の経過時間と透過水量及び供給圧力の関係図であり、図5は、試験例に係る透過水量の変化を示す図である。
なお、RO膜16に付着させる濁質層としては、3.2%NaCl中に有機物付着物を5ppm混入させてRO膜に付着させて形成して、濁質層を模擬した。
1回の洗浄において、200,000m3/日の淡水の生産量の規模の設備の場合、高圧ポンプを停止すると、装置の停止及び起動再開から安定状態になるには、約2.5日かかる。
この停止を年4回行うとすると、年間10日の停止となるので、稼働率は3%の低下となる。
よって、この高圧ポンプの停止が無くなることにより、造水価格を3%コストダウンすることができることとなる。
図2に示すように、淡水化装置10Bは、図1に示す装置において、第1の制御弁31を設ける代わりに、透過水ライン25に透過水15の圧力を一時的に増大させる第2の制御弁32を介装している。
そして、所定圧力以下となった場合には、運転中にパルス的に透過水15の圧力を増大させる運転を実施し、正浸透作用により逆流させて、RO膜16の膜面を洗浄するようにしている。
図3に示すように、淡水化装置10Cは、実施例1における濾過水ライン23に原水の供給圧力を一時的に低下させる第1の制御弁31と、透過水ライン25に透過水15の圧力を一時的に増大させる第2の制御弁32とを各々設けたものである。
11 原水
12 前処理膜
13 前処理装置
14 濾過水
15 透過水
16 逆浸透膜
17 逆浸透膜装置
23 濾過水ライン
24 濃縮水ライン
25 透過水ライン
30 制御装置
31 第1の制御弁
32 第2の制御弁
Claims (6)
- 原水中の濁質分を濾過する前処理膜を有する前処理装置と、
前記前処理装置からの濾過水から塩分を除去して透過水を生産する逆浸透膜を有する逆浸透膜装置と、
前記前処理装置から逆浸透膜装置に濾過水を供給する濾過水ラインに介装された高圧ポンプと逆浸透膜装置との間に、濾過水の供給圧力を一時的に低下させる第1の制御弁と、
前記第1の制御弁を操作し、運転中にパルス的に逆浸透膜装置の入口の圧力を低下させる運転を実施する制御を行う制御装置とを具備してなることを特徴とする淡水化装置。 - 原水中の濁質分を濾過する前処理膜を有する前処理装置と、
前記前処理装置からの濾過水から塩分を除去して透過水を生産する逆浸透膜を有する逆浸透膜装置と、
前記逆浸透膜装置より得られる透過水を供給する透過水ラインに介装され、透過水の圧力を一時的に増大させる第2の制御弁と、
前記第2の制御弁を操作し、運転中にパルス的に透過水の圧力を増大させる運転を実施する制御を行う制御装置とを具備してなることを特徴とする淡水化装置。 - 原水中の濁質分を濾過する前処理膜を有する前処理装置と、
前記前処理装置からの濾過水から塩分を除去して透過水を生産する逆浸透膜を有する逆浸透膜装置と、
前記前処理装置から逆浸透膜装置に濾過水を供給する濾過水ラインに介装された高圧ポンプと逆浸透膜装置との間に、濾過水の供給圧力を一時的に低下させる第1の制御弁と、
前記逆浸透膜装置より得られる透過水を供給する透過水ラインに介装され、透過水の圧力を一時的に増大させる第2の制御弁と、
前記第1の制御弁又は第2の制御弁の何れか一方又は両方を操作し、運転中にパルス的に逆浸透膜装置の入口の圧力を低下させる運転を実施する制御、又は前記運転中にパルス的に透過水の圧力を増大させる運転を実施する制御のいずれか一方又は両方を行う制御装置とを具備してなることを特徴とする淡水化装置。 - 請求項1乃至3のいずれか一つにおいて、
濃縮水ラインに介装され、圧力が高い濃縮水のエネルギーを回収するエネルギー回収装置を有することを特徴とする淡水化装置。 - 原水から塩分を除去して透過水を生産する逆浸透膜を有する逆浸透膜装置を用いて淡水化する方法であって、
逆浸透膜装置に原水の供給圧力を一時的に低下させる第1の制御弁を設け、運転中にパルス的に逆浸透膜装置の入口の圧力を低下させる運転を実施し、正浸透作用により逆流させて、逆浸透膜の膜面を洗浄することを特徴とする淡水化装置の洗浄方法。 - 原水から塩分を除去して透過水を生産する逆浸透膜を有する逆浸透膜装置を用いて淡水化する方法であって、
前記逆浸透膜装置からの透過水の圧力を一時的に増大させる第2の制御弁を設け、
運転中にパルス的に透過水の圧力を増大させる運転を実施し、正浸透作用により逆流させて、逆浸透膜の膜面を洗浄することを特徴とする淡水化装置の洗浄方法。
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US20120067820A1 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-03-22 | Water Standard Company Llc | Method and apparatus for dynamic, variable-pressure, customizable, membrane-based water treatment for use in improved hydrocarbon recovery operations |
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US10329171B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2019-06-25 | Water Standard Company (Mi) | Method and control devices for production of consistent water quality from membrane-based water treatment for use in improved hydrocarbon recovery operations |
US10343118B2 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2019-07-09 | Water Standard Company (Mi) | Method and control devices for production of consistent water quality from membrane-based water treatment for use in improved hydrocarbon recovery operations |
JP5865714B2 (ja) * | 2012-01-25 | 2016-02-17 | カヤバ システム マシナリー株式会社 | 海水淡水化装置 |
KR101614455B1 (ko) | 2014-05-21 | 2016-04-22 | 현대중공업 주식회사 | 역삼투막의 세척이 가능한 수처리 시스템 |
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