WO2010099671A1 - Electrolytic bath with stabilized strong electric field and constant current and electrolytic device thereof - Google Patents
Electrolytic bath with stabilized strong electric field and constant current and electrolytic device thereof Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010099671A1 WO2010099671A1 PCT/CN2009/071168 CN2009071168W WO2010099671A1 WO 2010099671 A1 WO2010099671 A1 WO 2010099671A1 CN 2009071168 W CN2009071168 W CN 2009071168W WO 2010099671 A1 WO2010099671 A1 WO 2010099671A1
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Abstract
An electrolytic bath with stabilized strong electric field and constant current is provided. The electrolytic bath is filled with electrolyte and provided with a low voltage cathode plate and a low voltage anode plate connected with a low voltage direct current power supply. A baffle or an ion exchange membrane is positioned between the cathode plate and the anode plate. The electrolytic bath is also provided with a high voltage power supply system. A high voltage cathode plate and a high voltage anode plate are connected with the high voltage power supply system. The high voltage cathode plate and the low voltage cathode plate constitute a combined cathode plate. The outer surface of the high voltage cathode plate is coated with an insulating layer, so that the high voltage cathode plate is electrically separated with the low voltage cathode plate and the electrolyte. The outer surface of the high voltage anode plate is coated with an insulating layer, so that the high voltage anode plate is electrically separated with the low voltage anode plate and the electrolyte.
Description
稳定强电场恒电流电解池及其电解装置 Stable electric field constant current electrolytic cell and electrolysis device thereof
技术领域 Technical field
本发明涉及电解法应用领域， 尤其涉及一种稳定强电场恒电流电解池及其 电解装置。 The invention relates to the field of application of electrolysis, in particular to a stable high electric field constant current electrolytic cell and an electrolysis device thereof.
背景技术 Background technique
电解和电解槽的基本结构和工作原理由来已久。 有阴、 阳两级的电解池中 电解质离子常处于无秩序的运动中， 通直流电后， 离子作定向运动。 阳离子向 阴极移动， 在阴极得到电子， 被还原； 阴离子向阳极移动， 在阳极失去电子， 被氧化。 电解广泛应用于冶金工业中， 如从矿石或化合物提取金属（电解冶金） 或提纯金属（电解提纯)， 以及从溶液中沉积出金属（电镀)。 金属钠和氯气是由电 解溶融氯化钠生成的； 电解氯化钠的水溶液则产生氢氧化钠和氯气。 电解水产 生氢气和氧气。 水的电解就是在外电场作用下将水分解为 H2 ( g )和 02 ( g )。 电解是一种非常强有力的促进氧化还原反应的手段， 许多很难进行的氧化还原 反应， 都可以通过电解来实现。 The basic structure and working principle of electrolysis and electrolysis cells have been around for a long time. In the electrolytic cell with two levels of yin and yang, the electrolyte ions are often in disorderly motion. After passing through the direct current, the ions move in a directional motion. The cation moves toward the cathode, electrons are obtained at the cathode, and are reduced; the anion moves toward the anode, loses electrons at the anode, and is oxidized. Electrolysis is widely used in the metallurgical industry, such as extracting metals (electrolytic metallurgy) or purifying metals (electrolytic purification) from ores or compounds, and depositing metal (electroplating) from solution. The metal sodium and chlorine are produced by electrolytically dissolving sodium chloride; the aqueous solution of electrolytic sodium chloride produces sodium hydroxide and chlorine. Electrolyzed water produces hydrogen and oxygen. The electrolysis of water is the decomposition of water into H2 (g) and 02 (g) under the action of an external electric field. Electrolysis is a very powerful means of promoting redox reactions, and many difficult redox reactions can be achieved by electrolysis.
弱电解质： 如在水电解过程中， 阴、 阳两极需要较大的电位差， Off在阳极 失去电子， 被氧化成氧气放出； H+在阴极得到电子， 被还原成氢气放出。 所得 到的氧气和氢气， 即为水电解过程的产品。 Weak electrolyte: For example, in the process of water electrolysis, the anode and cathode need a large potential difference, Off loses electrons at the anode, and is oxidized to oxygen to release; H + gets electrons at the cathode and is reduced to hydrogen. The oxygen and hydrogen obtained are the products of the water electrolysis process.
强电解质： 在电极上发生氧化或还原反应， 而在阳极或阴极上施加的最小 电位称为析出电位。 以 0.1 mol/L的 H2S04介质中电解 0.1 mol/LCuS04溶液为例： 阴极反应 Cu2+ + 2e→ Cu| Strong electrolyte: Oxidation or reduction occurs on the electrode, and the minimum potential applied to the anode or cathode is called the precipitation potential. Taking 0.1 mol/LCuS0 4 solution in 0.1 mol/L H 2 S0 4 medium as an example: Cathodic reaction Cu 2+ + 2e→ Cu|
阳极反应 2H20→ 02† + 4H+ + 4e Anode reaction 2H 2 0→ 0 2 † + 4H+ + 4e
电极总反应 2Cu2+ + 2H20→ 2Cu| + 02† + 4H+
其中， 电解水的电解槽， 或者说电解法制备氢、 氧的电解槽或电解装置， 其结构与工作原理，参看附图 1所示。现有电解池原理及结构是由直流电源 1.1、 阴极板 1.2、 电解槽 1.3、 隔板或离子交换膜 1.5、 阳极板 1.4所组成， 其存在的 优缺点是： Total electrode reaction 2Cu 2+ + 2H 2 0→ 2Cu| + 0 2 † + 4H+ Among them, an electrolytic cell for electrolyzing water, or an electrolytic cell or an electrolytic device for preparing hydrogen or oxygen by electrolysis, the structure and working principle thereof are shown in FIG. The principle and structure of the existing electrolytic cell are composed of a DC power source 1.1, a cathode plate 1.2, an electrolytic cell 1.3, a separator or an ion exchange membrane 1.5, and an anode plate 1.4, and the advantages and disadvantages thereof are:
优点： 结构筒单， 针对中、 强电解质在阳极或阴极上可施加最小电位与控 制电流的方法。 由法拉第电解定律可知， 可以较高的电流效率进行电解反应， 就可以通过测量进行电解反应所消耗的电量 (库伦数)，得到电极上起反应的物质 的量。 所谓 100%的电流效率， 指电解时电极上只发生主反应， 不发生副反应。 影响电流效率的主要因素有： 溶剂的电极反应、 电解质中的杂质在电极上的反 应、 溶液中可溶性气体的电极反应、 电极自身的反应等。 Advantages: The structure of the cartridge, for the medium and strong electrolyte can apply the minimum potential and control current on the anode or cathode. According to Faraday's law of electrolysis, the electrolysis reaction can be carried out at a high current efficiency, and the amount of the substance reacted on the electrode can be obtained by measuring the amount of electricity (coulomb number) consumed in the electrolysis reaction. The so-called 100% current efficiency means that only the main reaction occurs on the electrode during electrolysis, and no side reaction occurs. The main factors affecting the current efficiency are: the electrode reaction of the solvent, the reaction of impurities in the electrolyte on the electrode, the electrode reaction of the soluble gas in the solution, and the reaction of the electrode itself.
缺点： 针对弱电解质在阳极或阴极上无法施加最小电位与控制电流的方法。 如水电解过程中， 阴、 阳两极需要较大电位差， 电能的消耗为电解化学式： Disadvantages: A method of applying a minimum potential and controlling current to an anode or cathode for a weak electrolyte. For example, in the electrolysis process of water, the cathodes and cathodes need a large potential difference, and the consumption of electric energy is electrolytic chemical formula:
能量（电）： 2H20→ 02†+ 2H2†+ 热能 (温度） Energy (electric): 2H 2 0→ 0 2 †+ 2H 2 †+ heat (temperature)
阴极 2H20 +2e-→ H2†+ 20H" Cathode 2H 2 0 +2e-→ H 2 †+ 20H"
阳极 40ίΓ→ 02†+ 2H20 +4e- 所以现有的电解池原理在水电解过程中， 阴、 阳两极需要较大电位差， OH- 在阳极失去电子， 被氧化成氧气放出； H+在阴极得到电子， 被还原成氢气放出， 同时电解池热能消耗较大。 Anode 40ίΓ→ 0 2 †+ 2H 2 0 +4e- So the existing electrolytic cell principle requires a large potential difference between the anode and the cathode during the water electrolysis process, OH- loses electrons at the anode, and is oxidized to oxygen to evolve; + The electrons are obtained at the cathode, which are reduced to hydrogen gas evolution, and the thermal energy consumption of the electrolytic cell is large.
发明内容 Summary of the invention
为了克服现有的电解池原理及技术装置的不足， 本发明提供一种 "稳定强 电场恒电流电解池及其电解装置" 。 该稳定强电场恒电流电解池及其电解装置 能够提高电解过程的工作效率， 减少其中的热损耗， 尤其应用在弱电解质的电
解分析中电解效率较高。 In order to overcome the deficiencies of the existing electrolytic cell principle and technical device, the present invention provides a "stabilized strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell and its electrolysis device". The stable strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell and the electrolysis device thereof can improve the working efficiency of the electrolysis process and reduce the heat loss therein, especially for the weak electrolyte. The electrolysis efficiency is higher in the solution analysis.
实现本发明目的的技术方案是： The technical solution for achieving the object of the present invention is:
一种稳定强电场恒电流电解池， 在电解池中装有电解质， 并设有分别与低 压直流电源连接的低压阴极板和低压阳极板， 该阴极板与阳极板之间设有隔板 或离子交换膜， 其特征是： 电解池中还设有高电压电源系统， 该高电压电源系 统分别与高压阴极板、 高压阳极板连接； 所述的高压阴极板与所述的低压阴极 板组成复合阴极板； 在该复合阴极板中的高压阴极板外表面设有绝缘层， 使该 高压阴极板与低压阴极板、 该高压阴极板与电解质， 均呈电隔离； 所述的高压 阳极板的外表面设有绝缘层， 使该高压阳极板与低压阳极板、 该高压阳极板与 电解质， 均呈电隔离。 A stable strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell, which is provided with an electrolyte in an electrolytic cell, and is provided with a low-pressure cathode plate and a low-voltage anode plate respectively connected to a low-voltage DC power source, and a separator or an ion is arranged between the cathode plate and the anode plate The exchange membrane is characterized in that: the electrolytic cell is further provided with a high voltage power supply system, and the high voltage power supply system is respectively connected with the high voltage cathode plate and the high voltage anode plate; the high voltage cathode plate and the low pressure cathode plate form a composite cathode The outer surface of the high voltage cathode plate in the composite cathode plate is provided with an insulating layer, so that the high voltage cathode plate and the low pressure cathode plate, the high voltage cathode plate and the electrolyte are electrically isolated; the outer surface of the high voltage anode plate An insulating layer is provided to electrically isolate the high voltage anode plate from the low pressure anode plate, the high voltage anode plate and the electrolyte.
所述的高压阴极板与高压阳极板， 其中的低压阴极板和低压阳极板， 可以 采用以下形式设置： The high voltage cathode plate and the high voltage anode plate, wherein the low pressure cathode plate and the low pressure anode plate, can be set in the following form:
1、 所述的高压阴极板、 高压阳极板分别包裹在各自的绝缘层中， 各自的绝 缘层的外面分别包裹有所述的低压阴极板和低压阳极板； 1. The high-voltage cathode plate and the high-voltage anode plate are respectively wrapped in respective insulating layers, and the low-pressure cathode plate and the low-pressure anode plate are respectively wrapped on the outer sides of the respective insulating layers;
2、 所述的高压阴极板、 高压阳极板分别被包裹在各自的绝缘层中， 所述的 低压阴极板和低压阳极板分别包裹各自的绝缘层， 或可以是两个高压电极板之 间的内侧； 或两个高压电极板的外侧。 2. The high-voltage cathode plate and the high-voltage anode plate are respectively wrapped in respective insulating layers, and the low-voltage cathode plate and the low-voltage anode plate respectively wrap the respective insulating layers, or may be between two high-voltage electrode plates. The inside; or the outside of the two high voltage electrode plates.
换言之， 本发明的方案是： 稳定强电场恒电流电解池主要由两个相互隔离 的高压电源与低压恒流电源； 电隔离复合电极板形成的双电极阴、 阳极板； 离 子交换隔板； 电解槽所组成。 两个相互隔离的高压电源与低压恒流电源系统， 由一个高电压电源系统提供电解池中电隔离复合电极的阴、 阳极板与电解质之 间， 形成稳定强电场。 另一个低压恒流电源系统， 主要提供电解池中电隔离复
合电极的阴、 阳极板与电解质之间， 形成低电压恒定的电流。 电隔离复合电极 板是一种提供两种电源电位的、 电隔离的电解极板。 In other words, the solution of the present invention is: stable high electric field constant current electrolytic cell mainly consists of two mutually isolated high voltage power supply and low voltage constant current power supply; two-electrode cathode and anode plates formed by electrically isolated composite electrode plates; ion exchange separator; The composition of the trough. Two isolated high-voltage power supplies and a low-voltage constant-current power supply system are provided by a high-voltage power supply system to provide a stable and strong electric field between the anode and cathode plates of the electrolytic isolation composite electrode in the electrolytic cell and the electrolyte. Another low-voltage constant current power supply system mainly provides electrolytic isolation in the electrolytic cell. A low voltage constant current is formed between the anode and cathode plates of the electrode and the electrolyte. The electrically isolated composite electrode plate is an electrically isolated electrolytic plate that provides two power supply potentials.
本发明所说的高电压及高电压电源， 是根据电解槽的大小， 阴、 阳极板之 间距离， 高压电源电压范围在几十伏到上千伏的直流电压之间选择； The high voltage and high voltage power supply according to the present invention is selected according to the size of the electrolytic cell, the distance between the anode and the anode plate, and the high voltage power supply voltage range between tens of volts and a DC voltage of several kilovolts;
本发明所说的低电压及低电压电流源， 是根据电解槽的大小， 电极上反应 的物质量， 使其电流范围在小于 1安培与上千安培电流之间选择。 The low voltage and low voltage current source of the present invention is selected according to the size of the electrolytic cell and the mass of the reaction substance on the electrode, so that the current range is less than 1 ampere and thousands of ampere currents.
由以上所述的稳定强电场恒电流电解池构成的电解法制备氢、 氧的电解装 置， 其结构是： 所述的一个复合阴极板与一个所述的复合阳极板， 及该复合阴 极板与复合阳极板之间的隔板或离子交换膜， 构成一组电解池； 若干组所述的 电解池共同设置在一个电解质槽内， 构成本发明的电解装置。 An electrolysis apparatus for preparing hydrogen and oxygen by the electrolytic method consisting of the above-mentioned stable strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell, the structure is: the composite cathode plate and the composite anode plate, and the composite cathode plate and A separator or ion exchange membrane between the composite anode plates constitutes a group of electrolytic cells; and a plurality of said electrolytic cells are collectively disposed in an electrolyte tank to constitute the electrolysis device of the present invention.
换言之， 本发明所述的一种稳定强电场恒电流电解池及其电解装置， 是采 用两个相互隔离的高压电源与低压恒流电源； 多组电隔离复合电极板形成的双 电极阴、 阳极板； 多组离子交换隔板； 电解槽所组的电解装置。 In other words, a stable strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell and an electrolysis device thereof according to the present invention use two mutually isolated high voltage power sources and a low voltage constant current power source; and a plurality of sets of electrically isolated composite electrode plates form a double electrode anode and cathode. Plate; multiple sets of ion exchange separators; electrolysis unit of the electrolytic cell group.
本发明所述的一种稳定强电场恒电流电解池及其电解装置与单一低压电源 电解装置的分解电压和析出电位， 参看附图 7所示。 The decomposition voltage and the deposition potential of a stable strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell and its electrolysis device and a single low voltage power supply electrolysis device according to the present invention are shown in Fig. 7.
本发明能够提高电解过程的工作效率， 减少其中的热损耗， 尤其应用在弱 电解质的电解分析中电解效率较高。 附图 7说明： 本发明使电解过程的分解电 压大幅降低。 The invention can improve the working efficiency of the electrolysis process and reduce the heat loss therein, especially in the electrolysis analysis of the weak electrolyte. Figure 7 illustrates: The present invention greatly reduces the decomposition voltage of the electrolysis process.
本发明所述的电解池中装有电解质， 是采用弱电解质， 该弱电解质是一种 弱导电水溶液或熔融状态下的化合物， 如弱酸、 弱碱或水。 水电解的速率于导 电性成正比， 水分子是电偶极子分子， 水在弱电场条件下时是弱电解质， 水在 强电场条件下电偶极子变形拉长， 电偶极子相位增强， 导电性提高。
附图说明 The electrolytic cell according to the present invention is provided with an electrolyte which is a weak electrolyte which is a weakly conductive aqueous solution or a compound in a molten state such as a weak acid, a weak base or water. The rate of water electrolysis is proportional to conductivity. Water molecules are electric dipole molecules. Water is a weak electrolyte under weak electric field conditions. Electric dipoles are elongated and deformed under strong electric field conditions. Electric dipole phase enhancement , conductivity is improved. DRAWINGS
图 1为现有电解池原理示意图； Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the principle of the existing electrolytic cell;
图 2为本发明电解池原理示意图； 2 is a schematic view of the principle of the electrolytic cell of the present invention;
图 3-1稳定强电场恒电流电解池装置结构图； Figure 3-1 Structure diagram of a stable high electric field constant current electrolytic cell device;
图 3-2为图 3-1的 B-B剖视图； Figure 3-2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line B-B of Figure 3-1;
图 3-3为图 3-1的俯视图； Figure 3-3 is a plan view of Figure 3-1;
图 4-1为图 3-3的 A-A剖视图； Figure 4-1 is a cross-sectional view taken along line A-A of Figure 3-3;
图 4-2为图 3-1的 C-C剖视图； Figure 4-2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C of Figure 3-1;
图 5-1为稳定强电场恒电流电解池电隔离复合电极板结构图； Figure 5-1 is a structural diagram of an electrically isolated composite electrode plate for a stable high electric field constant current electrolytic cell;
图 5-2为图 5-1的左视图； Figure 5-2 is a left side view of Figure 5-1;
图 5-3为图 5-1的 D-D剖视图； Figure 5-3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line D-D of Figure 5-1;
图 5-4为图 5-1的俯视图； Figure 5-4 is a plan view of Figure 5-1;
图 6为稳定强电场恒电流电解池装置工作原理图； Figure 6 is a working principle diagram of a stable high electric field constant current electrolytic cell device;
图 7为稳定强电场恒电流电解池装置分解电压析出曲线图。 Fig. 7 is a graph showing the decomposition voltage of a constant-current electric field constant current electrolytic cell device.
具体实施方式 detailed description
实施例 1 , 一种稳定强电场恒电流电解池及其电解装置， 参照图 2所示， 一 种稳定强电场恒电流电解池是由低压恒流电源 2.1、 阴极电隔离复合电极板 2.2、 电解槽 2.3、阳极电隔离复合电极板 2.4、离子交换隔板 2.5、高压电场负电位极 2.6、 高压电场正电位极 2.7、 稳定高压电源 2.8主要部件所组成。 Embodiment 1, a stable strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell and an electrolysis device thereof, as shown in FIG. 2, a stable strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell is composed of a low voltage constant current power source 2.1, a cathode electrically isolated composite electrode plate 2.2, and electrolysis The tank 2.3, the anode electrically isolated composite electrode plate 2.4, the ion exchange separator 2.5, the high voltage electric field negative potential pole 2.6, the high voltage electric field positive potential pole 2.7, the stable high voltage power supply 2.8 main components.
本实施例为阴极电隔离复合电极板 2.2、 阳极电隔离复合电极板 2.4, 是由 表面金属电解层， 中间绝缘层、 中心金属薄板三层组合而成。 阴、 阳电隔离复 合电极板的表面金属电解层， 分别连接低电压恒流电源 2.1的负极与正极。 阴、
阳电隔离复合电极板的中心金属薄板极的高压电场负电位极 2.6、 高压电场正电 位极 2.7, 分别连接高压稳定电源 2.8的负极与正极。 In this embodiment, the cathode electrical isolation composite electrode plate 2.2 and the anode electrical isolation composite electrode plate 2.4 are formed by combining three layers of a surface metal electrolytic layer, an intermediate insulating layer and a central metal thin plate. The surface metal electrolytic layers of the anode and cathode isolation composite electrode plates are respectively connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the low voltage constant current power source 2.1. Yin, The high-voltage electric field negative potential pole 2.6 and the high-voltage electric field positive potential pole 2.7 of the central metal thin plate of the anode-isolated composite electrode plate are respectively connected to the negative electrode and the positive electrode of the high-voltage stable power supply 2.8.
本实施例的工作原理是： 在电解池中的水弱电解质， 在高压稳定电源 2.8分 别连接阴、 阳极板中心的高压电场电位极， 使阴、 阳极板与电解质之间形成高 压稳定强电场， 而弱电解质在高压稳定强电场条件下， 电偶极子分子组成电极 性排列， 提高了弱电解质的导电性。 这时低电压恒流电源 2.1分别连接阴、 阳极 板表面的低电位极， 使阴、 阳极板表面的低电位极与电解质之间， 可以形成低 电压的、 稳定大电流的电解分析， 应为水电解的速率于导电性成正比。 The working principle of the embodiment is: a weak electrolyte in the electrolytic cell, and a high-voltage electric field potential pole connected to the center of the anode and the anode plate respectively in the high-voltage stable power source 2.8, so that a high-voltage stable strong electric field is formed between the anode and the anode plate and the electrolyte. While the weak electrolyte is in a high-voltage stable strong electric field, the electric dipole molecules constitute an electrode arrangement, which improves the conductivity of the weak electrolyte. At this time, the low-voltage constant current power supply 2.1 is respectively connected to the low potential poles on the surface of the anode and the anode plate, so that the low-potential electrode on the surface of the anode and the anode plate and the electrolyte can form a low-voltage, stable large-current electrolytic analysis, which should be The rate of water electrolysis is proportional to conductivity.
参照图 3-1〜图 3-3、 图 4-1、 4-2: 由塑料盖板 1、 塑料槽 2、 塑料气体隔离体 3、 硅胶隔离垫 4、 离子交换隔离板 5、 电隔离复合电极板 6 (其中分别包括有： 阴极 电隔离复合电极板 2.2、 阳极电隔离复合电极板 2.4 )构成电解槽， 槽内装有水电 解质 8; 电解槽上设有进水螺孔 7、 氢气出管 9、 放水螺盖 10、 氧气出管 11、 恒流 电源负电位连接器 12、 高电压电源负电位连接器 13、 高电压电源正电位连接器 14、 恒流电源正电位连接器 15、 氢气通道 16、 氧气通道 17、 隔离复合电极板恒 流负电位连接杆 18、 隔离复合电极板高电压电源负电位连接杆 19、 氢气出孔 20、 氧气出孔 21、 隔离复合电极板恒流正电位连接杆 22、 隔离复合电极板高电压电 源正电位连接杆 23、 水位阀孔 24、 浮子阀杆 25、 水位线 26, 共同组成氢氧气水 电解装置。 Refer to Figure 3-1~3-3, Figure 4-1, 4-2: Plastic cover 1, plastic groove 2, plastic gas separator 3, silica gel spacer 4, ion exchange separator 5, galvanic isolation composite The electrode plate 6 (including the cathode electrically isolating composite electrode plate 2.2 and the anode electrically isolating composite electrode plate 2.4 respectively) constitutes an electrolytic cell, and the tank is filled with a water and electrolyte 8; the electrolytic cell is provided with a water inlet screw hole 7 and a hydrogen gas outlet tube; 9. Water discharge screw cap 10, oxygen outlet pipe 11, constant current power supply negative potential connector 12, high voltage power supply negative potential connector 13, high voltage power positive potential connector 14, constant current power positive potential connector 15, hydrogen channel 16. Oxygen channel 17, isolated composite electrode plate constant current negative potential connecting rod 18, isolated composite electrode plate high voltage power supply negative potential connecting rod 19, hydrogen outlet hole 20, oxygen outlet hole 21, isolated composite electrode plate constant current positive potential connection The rod 22, the isolated composite electrode plate high voltage power positive potential connecting rod 23, the water level valve hole 24, the float valve stem 25, and the water level line 26 together constitute a hydrogen oxygen water electrolysis device.
本实施例的稳定强电场恒电流电解池及其电解装置的主要发明特征为： 电 解池采用相互电隔离的高压电源与低压恒流电源， 分别交错有序供给各个电隔 离复合电极阴、 阳板， 使各个电隔离复合电极阴、 阳板与电解质之间， 相互形 成强电场与低电压电解恒电流。 相互交错的水电解质中， H+在阴极得到电子，
被还原成氢气放出， 经氢气出孔 20、 氢气通道 16, 由氢气出管 9输出。 相互交错 的水电解质中， OH—在阳极失去电子， 被氧化成氧气放出， 经氧气出孔 21、 氧气 通道 17 , 由氧气出管 11输出。 水位阀孔 24、 浮子阀杆 25、 水位线 26所组成自动 补水装置。 当水位下降时浮子阀杆 25同步下降， 这时水位阀孔 24打开， 开始给 电解槽补水。 当补水到水位线 26时， 浮子阀 4干 25同步上升关闭水位阀孔 24 , 补 水停止。 The main invention features of the stable strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell and the electrolysis device thereof in the embodiment are as follows: The electrolytic cell adopts a high-voltage power source and a low-voltage constant current power source which are electrically isolated from each other, and respectively supply the respective electrically isolated composite electrode negative and negative plates in an orderly manner. , each of the electrically isolated composite electrode between the anode and the anode and the electrolyte form a strong electric field and a low voltage electrolytic constant current. In the interdigitated water electrolyte, H + gets electrons at the cathode, It is reduced to hydrogen and discharged, and is output from the hydrogen outlet pipe 9 through the hydrogen outlet hole 20 and the hydrogen gas passage 16. In the interdigitated water electrolyte, OH- loses electrons at the anode, is oxidized to oxygen, and is output through the oxygen outlet pipe 21 through the oxygen outlet hole 21 and the oxygen passage 17. The water level valve hole 24, the float valve stem 25 and the water level line 26 constitute an automatic water supply device. When the water level drops, the float valve stem 25 descends synchronously, at which time the water level valve hole 24 opens and begins to replenish the electrolytic tank. When the water is supplied to the water level line 26, the float valve 4 dry 25 is synchronously raised to close the water level valve hole 24, and the water supply is stopped.
参照图 5-1〜图 5-4, 本实施例的稳定强电场恒电流电解池及其电解装置中电 隔离复合电极板 6结构， 满足接入高压电位于低压电位的电隔离工作要求， 其主 要结构组成为： 电极板外金属电解面 6.1、 电极板中间绝缘层 6.2、 电极板中心导 电金属层 6.3所组成的电隔离复合电极板。 Referring to FIG. 5-1 to FIG. 5-4, the structure of the electrically isolated composite electrode plate 6 in the stable strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell and the electrolysis device thereof of the embodiment satisfies the requirements of the electrical isolation work for accessing the high voltage power at the low voltage potential, The main structural components are: an electro-isolated composite electrode plate composed of an outer metal electrolysis surface 6.1 of an electrode plate, an intermediate insulating layer 6.2 of an electrode plate, and a central conductive metal layer 6.3 of an electrode plate.
本实施例 "一种稳定强电场恒电流电解池及其电解装置"中电隔离复合电极 板 6结构， 有低电压恒流电源电位连接端子与高压电源电场电位连接端子。 电极 板中间绝缘层 6.2 , 可以采用聚四氟乙烯材料或其它高绝缘材料。 In the present embodiment, a structure of an electrically isolated composite electrode plate 6 of a stable high electric field constant current electrolytic cell and an electrolysis device thereof has a low voltage constant current power supply potential connection terminal and a high voltage power source electric field potential connection terminal. The intermediate insulation layer of the electrode plate 6.2 can be made of PTFE or other high insulation materials.
参照图 6所示， 本实施例"一种稳定强电场恒电流电解池及其电解装置 "工作 电路原理是： 电解槽中多个电隔离复合电极板 6之间， 相互交错的并联电位， 分 别连接高压电源与低电压恒流电源的正负极。 使相互之间电隔离复合电极板 6形 成阴、 阳电极板， 并且在阴、 阳电极板与电解质中形成强电场与低电压恒电流 的工作状态， 有利弱电解质提高导电率， 提高电解出气率， 降低电解槽的热损 耗， 达到节约电能消耗的目的。
Referring to FIG. 6, the working principle of the present invention "a stable strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell and its electrolysis device" is as follows: a plurality of electrically isolated composite electrode plates 6 in the electrolytic cell, mutually staggered parallel potentials, respectively Connect the positive and negative poles of the high voltage power supply and the low voltage constant current power supply. The electro-isolation composite electrode plate 6 is electrically isolated from each other to form a cathode and an anode plate, and a strong electric field and a low voltage constant current are formed in the cathode and the anode plate and the electrolyte, which is advantageous for the weak electrolyte to improve the conductivity and increase the electrolysis gas output rate. , to reduce the heat loss of the electrolytic cell, to achieve the purpose of saving electrical energy consumption.
Claims
1、 一种稳定强电场恒电流电解池， 在电解池中装有电解质， 并设有分别与 低压直流电源连接的低压阴极板和低压阳极板， 该阴极板与阳极板之间设有隔 板或离子交换膜， 其特征在于： 电解池中还设有高电压电源系统， 该高电压电 源系统分别与高压阴极板、 高压阳极板连接； 所述的高压阴极板与所述的低压 阴极板组成复合阴极板； 在该复合阴极板中的高压阴极板外表面设有绝缘层， 使该高压阴极板与低压阴极板、 该高压阴极板与电解质， 均呈电隔离； 所述的 高压阳极板的外表面设有绝缘层， 使该高压阳极板与低压阳极板、 该高压阳极 板与电解质， 均呈电隔离。 1. A stable strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell, which is provided with an electrolyte in an electrolytic cell, and is provided with a low-pressure cathode plate and a low-voltage anode plate respectively connected to a low-voltage DC power source, and a separator is arranged between the cathode plate and the anode plate. Or an ion exchange membrane, characterized in that: the electrolytic cell is further provided with a high voltage power supply system, the high voltage power supply system is respectively connected with the high voltage cathode plate and the high voltage anode plate; and the high voltage cathode plate and the low pressure cathode plate are composed of a composite cathode plate; an outer surface of the high voltage cathode plate in the composite cathode plate is provided with an insulating layer, so that the high voltage cathode plate and the low pressure cathode plate, the high voltage cathode plate and the electrolyte are electrically isolated; the high voltage anode plate The outer surface is provided with an insulating layer, so that the high voltage anode plate and the low pressure anode plate, the high voltage anode plate and the electrolyte are electrically isolated.
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的稳定强电场恒电流电解池， 其特征在于： 所述的 高压阴极板与高压阳极板， 其中的低压阴极板和低压阳极板， 是采用以下形式 设置： 2. The stabilized strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell according to claim 1, wherein: said high voltage cathode plate and said high voltage anode plate, wherein said low pressure cathode plate and said low pressure anode plate are arranged in the following form:
所述的高压阴极板、 高压阳极板分别被包裹在各自的绝缘层中， 各自的绝 缘层的外面， 可以是两个高压电极板之间内侧； 或两个高压电极板的外侧， 分 别包裹有所述的低压阴极板和低压阳极板； The high-voltage cathode plate and the high-voltage anode plate are respectively wrapped in the respective insulating layers, and the outer surface of the respective insulating layers may be the inner side between the two high-voltage electrode plates; or the outer sides of the two high-voltage electrode plates are respectively wrapped The low pressure cathode plate and the low pressure anode plate;
所述的高压阴极板、 高压阳极板分别被包裹在各自的绝缘层中， 所述的低 压阴极板和低压阳极板分别包裹各自的绝缘层。 The high voltage cathode plate and the high voltage anode plate are respectively wrapped in respective insulating layers, and the low pressure cathode plate and the low pressure anode plate respectively wrap the respective insulating layers.
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的稳定强电场恒电流电解池， 其特征在于： 所述的 电解池中的电解质， 是采用弱电解质。 3. The stabilized strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell according to claim 1, wherein: the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell is a weak electrolyte.
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的稳定强电场恒电流电解池， 其特征在于： 所述的 弱电解质是一种弱导电水溶液或熔融状态下的化合物。
4. The stabilized strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell according to claim 3, wherein: said weak electrolyte is a weakly conductive aqueous solution or a compound in a molten state.
5、 根据权利要求 4所述的稳定强电场恒电流电解池， 其特征在于： 所述的 弱电解质选自： 弱酸、 弱碱或水。 5. The stabilized strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell according to claim 4, wherein: said weak electrolyte is selected from the group consisting of: weak acid, weak base or water.
6、 一种权利要求 1所述的稳定强电场恒电流电解池构成的电解法制备氢、 氧的电解装置， 其特征在于， 其结构是： 所述的一个复合阴极板与一个所述的 复合阳极板， 及该复合阴极板与复合阳极板之间的隔板或离子交换膜， 构成一 组电解池； 若干组所述的电解池共同设置在一个电解质槽内， 构成本发明的电 解装置。 6. An electrolytic apparatus for preparing hydrogen and oxygen by an electrolytic method comprising a stable strong electric field constant current electrolytic cell according to claim 1, wherein the structure is: the composite cathode plate is combined with one of said composites. The anode plate, and the separator or ion exchange membrane between the composite cathode plate and the composite anode plate constitute a group of electrolytic cells; and the plurality of said electrolytic cells are disposed together in an electrolyte tank to constitute the electrolysis device of the present invention.
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的电解法制备氢、 氧的电解装置， 其特征在于， 具 体结构是由： 塑料盖板 1、 塑料槽 2、 塑料气体隔离体 3、 硅胶隔离垫 4、 离子 交换隔离板 5、 电隔离复合电极板 6 (其中分别包括有： 阴极电隔离复合电极板 2.2、 阳极电隔离复合电极板 2.4 )构成电解槽， 槽内装有水电解质 8; 电解槽上 设有进水螺孔 7、 氢气出管 9、 放水螺盖 10、 氧气出管 11、 恒流电源负电位连 接器 12、 高电压电源负电位连接器 13、 高电压电源正电位连接器 14、 恒流电源 正电位连接器 15、 氢气通道 16、 氧气通道 17、 隔离复合电极板恒流负电位连接 杆 18、 隔离复合电极板高电压电源负电位连接杆 19、 氢气出孔 20、 氧气出孔 21、 隔离复合电极板恒流正电位连接杆 22、 隔离复合电极板高电压电源正电位 连接杆 23、 水位阀孔 24、 浮子阀杆 25、 水位线 26, 共同组成氢氧气水电解装 置。 7. The electrolysis apparatus for preparing hydrogen and oxygen according to claim 6, wherein the specific structure is: plastic cover plate 1, plastic tank 2, plastic gas separator 3, silica gel spacer 4, ion exchange The isolating plate 5 and the electrically isolating composite electrode plate 6 (including the cathode electrically isolating composite electrode plate 2.2 and the anode electrically isolating composite electrode plate 2.4 respectively) constitute an electrolytic cell, and the tank is filled with water and electrolyte 8; the electrolytic cell is provided with water inlet Screw hole 7, hydrogen outlet pipe 9, water discharge screw cap 10, oxygen outlet pipe 11, constant current power supply negative potential connector 12, high voltage power supply negative potential connector 13, high voltage power supply positive potential connector 14, constant current power supply Potential connector 15, hydrogen channel 16, oxygen channel 17, isolated composite electrode plate constant current negative potential connecting rod 18, isolated composite electrode plate high voltage power supply negative potential connecting rod 19, hydrogen outlet 20, oxygen outlet 21, isolation composite Electrode plate constant current positive potential connecting rod 22, isolated composite electrode plate high voltage power supply positive potential connecting rod 23, water level valve hole 24, float valve stem 25, water level Line 26, which together constitute a hydrogen oxygen water electrolysis unit.
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的电解法制备氢、 氧的电解装置， 其特征在于， 所 述电隔离复合电极板 6的结构为： 电极板外金属电解面 6.1、 电极板中间绝缘层 6.2、 电极板中心导电金属层 6.3所组成的电隔离复合电极板； 电极板中间绝缘层 6.2 , 采用聚四氟乙烯材料或其它绝缘材料。
8. The electrolysis apparatus for preparing hydrogen and oxygen according to claim 7, wherein the structure of the electrically isolating composite electrode plate 6 is: an outer metal electrolytic surface 6.1 of the electrode plate, an intermediate insulating layer 6.2 of the electrode plate, An electrically isolated composite electrode plate composed of a conductive metal layer 6.3 at the center of the electrode plate; an intermediate insulating layer 6.2 of the electrode plate, using a polytetrafluoroethylene material or other insulating material.
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| CN108178252B (en) * | 2018-01-22 | 2024-03-22 | 浙江工业大学 | Four-electrode double-electrolysis system and method for treating refractory organic wastewater by adopting same |
| CN113104940B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2023-05-12 | 海南泛莱特科技有限公司 | Device for treating electrolyte in water by traveling wave resonance |
| CN116065176B (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2024-04-05 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Electrolysis device and system directly powered by alternating current |
| CN114277392B (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2023-10-24 | 四川大学华西医院 | Electrolysis device with ion trap, electrolysis method and electroplating method |
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| CN2492514Y (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2002-05-22 | 吴凤君 | Heat insulating cup capable of producing reduction water |
| CN1450207A (en) * | 2002-04-05 | 2003-10-22 | 视动自动化科技股份有限公司 | Electric field electron current decoupling electroplating device and control method thereof |
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| CN2492514Y (en) * | 2001-04-30 | 2002-05-22 | 吴凤君 | Heat insulating cup capable of producing reduction water |
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