WO2010097263A1 - Procédé et règle de dimensionnement permettant le dimensionnement et la fabrication de lentilles de fresnel pour la focalisation de la lumière - Google Patents

Procédé et règle de dimensionnement permettant le dimensionnement et la fabrication de lentilles de fresnel pour la focalisation de la lumière Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010097263A1
WO2010097263A1 PCT/EP2010/050958 EP2010050958W WO2010097263A1 WO 2010097263 A1 WO2010097263 A1 WO 2010097263A1 EP 2010050958 W EP2010050958 W EP 2010050958W WO 2010097263 A1 WO2010097263 A1 WO 2010097263A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rotating drum
acrylate
lens
fresnel lenses
melt strand
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2010/050958
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Stefan Delp
Heiko Rochholz
Peter Battenhausen
Original Assignee
Evonik Röhm Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Evonik Röhm Gmbh filed Critical Evonik Röhm Gmbh
Priority to DE112010000878T priority Critical patent/DE112010000878A5/de
Publication of WO2010097263A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010097263A1/fr

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
    • B29D11/00269—Fresnel lenses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D11/00—Producing optical elements, e.g. lenses or prisms
    • B29D11/00009—Production of simple or compound lenses
    • B29D11/00278—Lenticular sheets
    • B29D11/00288—Lenticular sheets made by a rotating cylinder
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C37/00—Component parts, details, accessories or auxiliary operations, not covered by group B29C33/00 or B29C35/00
    • B29C2037/90—Measuring, controlling or regulating
    • B29C2037/903—Measuring, controlling or regulating by means of a computer

Definitions

  • Fresnel lenses are also suitable for large-area applications due to their low material requirements. In the field of solar thermal energy production there is a useful potential for large collection lenses. You can focus sunlight on heat transfer media and heat them up to high temperatures.
  • Cheap Fresnel lenses can be molded from plastics and used in overhead projectors, passive infrared sensors, simple hand loupes, and wide angle lenses in automobile rear windows and counters to control the shopping carts
  • the invention relates to the use and the application of an improved manufacturing method of a linear Fresnel lens made of transparent plastics, whose geometry has been optically and manufacturing optimized with a new calculation program.
  • a linear Fresnel lens is understood to mean a Fresnel lens which acts like a cylindrical lens and has a linear focal zone.
  • US Patent No. 5,656,209 (Röhm GmbH) describes a process for the extrusion of Fresnel lenses from transparent plastics, such as polymethyl (nneth) acrylate (PMMA) or polycarbonate (PC).
  • PMMA polymethyl (nneth) acrylate
  • PC polycarbonate
  • the melt stream emerging from a slot die wraps around the embossing roll, which imprints the profile of the Fresnel lens on the melt stream.
  • the thickness of the lens is about 6 mm, the lenses are made of an unspecified polymethylmethacrylate.
  • WO 01/196000 (Schröder, Nawrath) describes another process for the production of endless, optically imageable films, webs or plates and an apparatus for carrying out the process.
  • the object of the invention is to improve the previously unsatisfactory imaging accuracy of the structures on the film o. ⁇ .
  • the solution is to press the emerging from a slot die PMMA melt belt by means of a rotating steel belt on the engraved roller.
  • the temperature of the gravure roll at the point of impact of the plastic melt (in the case of PMMA) is close to the maximum permissible temperature for extrusion processes, along the circumference of the gravure roll is then cooled, so that a demolding of the resulting Fresnel lens is easily possible.
  • EP 1 559 528 (Kark AG) describes an apparatus for molding a plastic molding on a rotating drum, wherein the drum can be heated and cooled in individual areas. task
  • the calculated contour on the impression roll is unscrewed with a wedge-shaped tool.
  • the lens is optically optimized under the constraint of the possibilities of the tool.
  • the object is achieved by the provision of the profile coordinates, which allow the machine for engraving the embossing roll to be controlled in such a way that an embossing roll can be produced with which linear fresnel lenses are shaped in accordance with the task using the prior art can be.
  • the invention further provides an optimized linear Fresnel lens made of transparent plastics.
  • poly (meth) acrylate (PMMA), polycarbonate (PC), cyclic olefin copolymers (OCP) or polystyrene (PS) can be used.
  • Suitable for carrying out the invention is z.
  • B. a Polymethylnnethacrylat - molding composition consisting of 80 to 100 wt .-% methyl methacrylate units and optionally from 0 to 20 wt .-% of other copolymerizable monomers. To name a few are z. As hydroxyethyl methacrylate, butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate or preferably methyl acrylate.
  • the molecular weight M w (weight average, determined, for example, by DSC or by gel chromatography) can be determined, for example, by B. in the range of 5 x 10 4 to 2 x 10 5 lie.
  • the appropriate PMMA types are available under the trademark Plexiglas ® from Evonik Röhm GmbH, such as Plexiglas ® POQ 62 or Plexiglas ® POQ64 or Plexiglas ® 6N.
  • PMMA molding compositions with a melt volume rate of 25 are preferred - 5 cm 3 / 10min used, particularly preferably PMMA molding compositions with a melt volume rate of 20 - used tenth
  • the melt volume rate is determined according to ISO 1133 (230 / 3.8).
  • Impact-modified polymethyl methacrylate and its preparation is z. B. from EP-A 0 733 754 known.
  • the impact polymethyl methacrylate may, for. From p1) from 4 to 30% by weight of an elastomer phase and from p2) from 70 to 96% by weight of a thermoplastic matrix phase of polymethyl methacrylate containing up to 20 parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of P, may contain at suitable comonomer proportions, wherein the refractive indices of the elastomer phase E and the matrix phase M differ by a maximum of n ⁇ 0.02 and wherein the sum of p1) + p2) makes up 100 wt .-%.
  • the elastomer phase of crosslinked polymer phase is from 60 to 99.9 parts by weight of alkyl acrylate and / or aryl acrylate, from 0.1 to 10 parts by weight of suitable crosslinking agents and optionally from 0 to 30 parts by weight of suitable monofunctional ethylenically unsaturated monomers built up.
  • C 2 -C 10 -alkyl acrylates are preferably used as alkyl acrylates, for example ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, isopropyl acrylate, amyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, decyl acrylate, and particularly preferably butyl acrylate and 2-ethylhexyl acrylate.
  • Preferred acrylates are phenyl acrylate, 2-phenylethyl acrylate, 3-phenyl-1-propyl acrylate, 2-phenoxyethyl acrylate, 2-phenoxyethoxyethyl acrylate, and particularly preferably benzyl acrylate.
  • the crosslinking agents are generally compounds having at least two ethylenically unsaturated, radically polymerizable radicals.
  • compounds having two ethylenically unsaturated, radically polymerizable radicals may be mentioned by way of example: (meth) acrylic esters of diols, such as ethylene glycol di (meth) acrylate or 1, 4-Butandioldi (meth) acrylate, aromatic compounds such as divinylbenzene, and compounds with at least an allyl group such as allyl (meth) acrylate.
  • crosslinking agents with three or more ethylenically unsaturated radically polymehsierbaren residues are exemplified by triallyl cyanurate, trimethylolpropane tri (meth) acrylate and pentaerythritol (meth) acrylate mentioned. Further examples of this are given, for example, in US Pat. No. 4,513,118.
  • comonomers optionally contained in 0 to 30 parts by weight in the elastomer phase, serve primarily to approximate the generally lower refractive index of the elastomer phase to those of the matrix phase M.
  • comonomers are selected with comparatively high refractive indices, such as free-radical polymerizable aromatic compounds. Examples include: vinyl toluene, styrene or ⁇ -methyl styrene, which are used in amounts such that they do not affect the weather resistance of the impact polymethylmethacrylate.
  • the at least 5 wt .-% covalently bonded to the elastomer phase matrix phase M consists of a polymethyl methacrylate P, which is composed of 80 to 100 parts by weight of methyl methacrylate units, and has a glass transition temperature of at least 70 0 C. Furthermore, in the polymethyl methacrylate 0 to 20 parts by weight of further ethylenically unsaturated, free-radically polymerizable comonomer units may be present, preferably alkyl (meth) acrylates having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl radical.
  • Polymethylmethacrylate is favorably between 10 and 10, preferably between 3 x 10 and 5 x 10 Dalton (for the determination of M w see for example HF Mark et al., Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Engineering, 2nd Ed., Vol. 10, p ff, J. Wiley, New York, 1989).
  • the elastomer phase is part of two- or multi-stage emulsion polymers which consist in the outer shell of the polymethyl methacrylates forming the matrix phase.
  • emulsion polymers with an at least three-stage structure, formed from a core of polymethylmethacrylate, a first shell S1 of the elastomer phase and a second shell S2 of polymethylmethacrylate, wherein further shells can connect in accordance with the shells S1 and S2 alternately.
  • the proportion of emulsion polymers in the impact-resistant polymethyl methacrylate is between 5 and 70 wt .-%, preferably between 10 and 50 wt .-%, the remaining parts by weight of the non-contained in the latex particles polymethyl methacrylate plastic are made.
  • the impact-resistant polymethyl methacrylate is prepared by mixing the emulsion polymer with the polymethyl methacrylate, for example, the components are mixed and then the water phase and the emulsifiers are separated or wherein first the emulsion is isolated from the aqueous phase and then with, for example by continuous bulk polymerization Polymethylmethacrylate is melt-mixed.
  • the latex particles which form the emulsion polymer should have a diameter between 0.1 and 3 ⁇ m, preferably between 0.15 and 1 ⁇ m.
  • Polymethylmethacrylate serve the pertinent known molecular weight regulators, such as for example, mercapto compounds, such as 2-ethylhexyl thioglycolate or tert-dodecyl mercaptan.
  • emulsion polymers which are coagulated and dehydrated in an extruder.
  • the melt is divided in the dewatering zone of the extruder into several sections, which are each conveyed in separate screw flights.
  • the melt phase is thereby stowed in at least one of these flights in the intake nip of the twin screw to form a locally narrow pressure gradient to a coherent melt cake.
  • the water is allowed to flow down before the border of the melt cake under the action of gravity down through at least one exhaust port that the melt cake is not in contact with a continuous water phase.
  • the present invention also relates to thermoplastic moldable polycarbonates.
  • Polycarbonates are plastics known to the skilled person. They refer to thermoplastic polymers having the general structural formula
  • radical R denotes divalent aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic groups which are derived from the corresponding dihydroxy compounds.
  • the polycarbonates which can be used according to the invention include homopolycarbonates, copolycarbonates, unbranched polycarbonates, branched polycarbonates and mixtures of the polycarbonates mentioned.
  • aromatic radicals R are preferred. These include, but are not limited to, hydroquinone, resorcinol, 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenol, 2,2-bis- (4-hydroxyphenyl) -propane, 2,4-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -2-methylbutane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethylphenyl) -propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy-3,5-dichlorophenyl) -propane, 2,2-bis (4-hydroxy -3,5-dibromophenyl) -propane, 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -cyclohexane or derived from 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) -3,3,5-trimethylcyclohexane.
  • Particularly preferred radicals R are derived from 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) propane or from 1,1-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl) cyclohexane.
  • the radicals R may optionally carry further substituents, preferably methyl or halogen groups. Particularly preferred substituents are bromine and chlorine atoms.
  • the polycarbonates of the invention preferably have a weight average molecular weight in the range between 10,000 g / mol and 200,000 g / mol. Particularly preferred is a weight average molecular weight in the range between 10,000 g / mol and 100,000 g / mol, in particular between 15,000 g / mol and 45,000 g / mol.
  • the polycarbonates of the invention may contain other polycarbonate-miscible polymers. These include, inter alia, poly (meth) acrylates, polyesters, polyamides, polyimides, polyurethanes, polyethers, ABS, ASA and PBT.
  • Miscibility of the various substances in the context of the present invention means that the components form a homogeneous mixture.
  • polycarbonates may contain additives well-known in the art. These include antistatics, antioxidants, dyes, fillers, light stabilizers, pigments, UV absorbers, weathering agents and plasticizers.
  • Polystyrene may for example be composed of the following monomers: styrene, substituted styrenes having an alkyl substituent in the side chain, such as ⁇ -methylstyrene and ⁇ -ethylstyrene, substituted styrenes having an alkyl substituent on the ring, such as vinyltoluene and p-methylstyrene, halogenated styrenes, such as monochlorostyrenes, dichlorostyrenes, tribromostyrenes and tetrabromostyrenes.
  • the refractive index value to be used in the calculation follows from a measurement on the transparent polymer to be used at a wavelength which is in the central region of the spectrum with which the lens is to be irradiated. It was determined at 23 ° C. As an example, one can assume 1.50.
  • the coordinates for the control of a CNC machine for the production of the Fresnel lens are determined in the following steps.
  • Fig. 1 shows the geometry that is assumed.
  • a bundle of parallel light rays is focused by the Fresnel lens to the point F.
  • the linear Fresnel lens spatially gives a line focus.
  • the bundle of parallel rays hits the lens at the angle ⁇ .
  • the width of the lens is b. It is a Fresnel lens to construct with these optical properties.
  • Fig. 2 shows that a Fresnel lens is made up of many elementary flank combinations arranged side by side.
  • a flank combination (3) consists of an optical flank (1), which directs the light beam in the direction of focus.
  • two interfering flanks (2) lead up and down, leading to the steps of the lens. These are to be aligned in such a way that as few rays of light as possible should impinge on them. These rays of light mean a reduction in the energy yield, since these light rays do not reach the focus.
  • the flank is aligned so that the middle light beam is directed into the focus.
  • the refraction of the light rays is calculated according to the Snellius law of refraction, taking into account the refractive index to be applied.
  • the flank is no longer aligned if, due to the total reflection condition, a light beam can no longer be directed to the focus.
  • Scale flank combination Steps 2 to 4 form a flank combination.
  • a limitation in the production is the maximum height h of the flank combination.
  • only optical edges with a maximum length z can be manufactured with optical precision. Under these two boundary conditions, the largest possible edge combination is selected by scaling and the coordinates are entered.
  • an equal Matehaliser is to be achieved in the production. Therefore, the edge combination is aligned in the horizontal so that averaged over an edge combination, the material consumption lies on the dashed line.
  • a circular Fresnel lens is understood to mean a lens with concentric steps.
  • a linear curved Fresnel lens is understood to mean a plate, whereby the steps run straight. This plate can then -. B. by clamping - be installed like a vault.
  • the embossing roll is in suitable mech. Machining centers provided by milling and or turning with the invention optimized Fresnel structure.
  • melt temperatures of approx. 200 ° C to 300 ° C must be used.
  • the pre-distribution of the plastic melt takes place through a slot die.
  • the melt film thus applied to the gravure roll is pressed into the gravure roll by a circulating mirror strip of highly polished stainless steel, which leads to the impression of the predetermined inventive Fresnel structure in the solidifying melt strand.
  • the rotating mirror band of highly polished Stainless steel can also be arranged one or more rollers to generate the contact pressure of the melt web on the gravure roll.
  • the contact pressure of the rollers may be the same or different.
  • the gravure roll can be equipped to be heatable and / or coolable, wherein individual areas can be heated and / or cooled.
  • the dimension of the lens depends essentially on the performance of the screw kneader as well as the slot die used and the width of the embossing drum.
  • the extrusion speed can vary from about 0.1 to 10 meters per inch, and is mainly affected by the emboss roll diameter and the lens thickness.
  • a lens was manufactured with the following parameters:

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Ophthalmology & Optometry (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de fabrication de lentilles de Fresnel linéaires par la formation d'un boudin de matière thermoplastique fondue, comme le polyméthyl(méth)acrylate, sur la surface d'un tambour rotatif, qui peut être chauffée ou refroidie dans des zones déterminées, le boudin de matière fondue pouvant être pressé contre le tambour rotatif au moyen d'un dispositif. Le procédé est caractérisé en ce que le profil du tambour rotatif est gravé conformément au programme d'optimisation.
PCT/EP2010/050958 2009-02-24 2010-01-28 Procédé et règle de dimensionnement permettant le dimensionnement et la fabrication de lentilles de fresnel pour la focalisation de la lumière WO2010097263A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE112010000878T DE112010000878A5 (de) 2009-02-24 2010-01-28 Verfahren und Bemessungsregel zur Dimensionierung und Herstellung von Fresnel-Linsen zur Licht-Fokussierung

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102009001102.1 2009-02-24
DE102009001102A DE102009001102A1 (de) 2009-02-24 2009-02-24 Verfahren und Bemessungsregel zur Dimensionierung und Herstellung von Fresnel-Linsen zur Licht-Fokussierung

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WO2010097263A1 true WO2010097263A1 (fr) 2010-09-02

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DE (2) DE102009001102A1 (fr)
TW (1) TW201043452A (fr)
WO (1) WO2010097263A1 (fr)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012100876A2 (fr) 2011-01-28 2012-08-02 Evonik Röhm Gmbh Nouveaux dispositifs de concentration solaire

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102012211748A1 (de) * 2012-07-05 2013-10-31 Osram Gmbh Optisches kollimationssystem

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EP0033999A1 (fr) 1980-01-03 1981-08-19 ALBRIGHT & WILSON INC. Procédé pour la préparation d'acide phosphorique dialkylique
EP0113925A2 (fr) 1983-01-07 1984-07-25 Toray Industries, Inc. Cliché pour l'impression directe pour la lithographie sans eau ainsi que son utilisation
US4513118A (en) 1983-01-10 1985-04-23 Rohm Gmbh Emulsion polymers for modifying impact strength
US4543383A (en) 1979-12-19 1985-09-24 Rohm Gmbh Impact resistant resins and method for making the same
EP0683028A1 (fr) 1994-05-19 1995-11-22 Röhm GmbH Procédé de déshydratation de résine aqueuse dans une extrudeuse à deux vis
EP0733754A2 (fr) 1995-03-24 1996-09-25 Röhm Gmbh Plaque multicouche entretoisée résistant à la grêle réalisée en polyméthylméthacrylate
WO1997002312A1 (fr) * 1995-07-03 1997-01-23 Raymond Enterprises, Inc. Procede et appareil de fabrication de systemes optiques lenticulaires
US5656209A (en) 1993-12-24 1997-08-12 Roehm Gmbh Chemische Fabrik Process for manufacture of Fresnel lenses
US5803568A (en) * 1994-02-16 1998-09-08 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Dual grooved Fresnel lens for overhead projection
DE19718597C1 (de) 1997-05-02 1999-01-07 Roehm Gmbh Zweistufiges Verfahren zur Entwässerung von Kunststoffdispersionen
DE19943604A1 (de) * 1999-09-11 2001-03-22 Schroeder Heinrich Friedrich Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von endlosen, optisch abbildungsfähigen Folien, Bahnen und Platten aus Plasten und Einrichtung zur Ausübung des Verfahrens
WO2005062908A2 (fr) * 2003-12-23 2005-07-14 Solid State Opto Limited Procedes de creation d'un modele de formes d'elements optiques sur un rouleau destine a etre utilise pour former des elements optiques sur ou dans des substrats
EP1559528A1 (fr) 2004-01-30 2005-08-03 Kark AG Appareil et procédé pour le moulage d'une bande
DE102004044981A1 (de) * 2004-01-30 2005-08-18 Kark Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Formen eines Folienbandes

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US4543383A (en) 1979-12-19 1985-09-24 Rohm Gmbh Impact resistant resins and method for making the same
EP0033999A1 (fr) 1980-01-03 1981-08-19 ALBRIGHT & WILSON INC. Procédé pour la préparation d'acide phosphorique dialkylique
EP0113925A2 (fr) 1983-01-07 1984-07-25 Toray Industries, Inc. Cliché pour l'impression directe pour la lithographie sans eau ainsi que son utilisation
US4513118A (en) 1983-01-10 1985-04-23 Rohm Gmbh Emulsion polymers for modifying impact strength
US5656209A (en) 1993-12-24 1997-08-12 Roehm Gmbh Chemische Fabrik Process for manufacture of Fresnel lenses
US5803568A (en) * 1994-02-16 1998-09-08 Minnesota Mining And Manufacturing Company Dual grooved Fresnel lens for overhead projection
EP0683028A1 (fr) 1994-05-19 1995-11-22 Röhm GmbH Procédé de déshydratation de résine aqueuse dans une extrudeuse à deux vis
EP0733754A2 (fr) 1995-03-24 1996-09-25 Röhm Gmbh Plaque multicouche entretoisée résistant à la grêle réalisée en polyméthylméthacrylate
WO1997002312A1 (fr) * 1995-07-03 1997-01-23 Raymond Enterprises, Inc. Procede et appareil de fabrication de systemes optiques lenticulaires
DE19718597C1 (de) 1997-05-02 1999-01-07 Roehm Gmbh Zweistufiges Verfahren zur Entwässerung von Kunststoffdispersionen
DE19943604A1 (de) * 1999-09-11 2001-03-22 Schroeder Heinrich Friedrich Verfahren zur kontinuierlichen Herstellung von endlosen, optisch abbildungsfähigen Folien, Bahnen und Platten aus Plasten und Einrichtung zur Ausübung des Verfahrens
WO2001019600A1 (fr) 1999-09-11 2001-03-22 Heinrich Friedrich Schröder Procede de production continue de films, de bandes ou de plaques continus en matiere plastique capables de produire des images et dispositif permettant de mettre en oeuvre ce procede
WO2005062908A2 (fr) * 2003-12-23 2005-07-14 Solid State Opto Limited Procedes de creation d'un modele de formes d'elements optiques sur un rouleau destine a etre utilise pour former des elements optiques sur ou dans des substrats
EP1559528A1 (fr) 2004-01-30 2005-08-03 Kark AG Appareil et procédé pour le moulage d'une bande
DE102004044981A1 (de) * 2004-01-30 2005-08-18 Kark Ag Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Formen eines Folienbandes

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012100876A2 (fr) 2011-01-28 2012-08-02 Evonik Röhm Gmbh Nouveaux dispositifs de concentration solaire

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TW201043452A (en) 2010-12-16
DE102009001102A1 (de) 2010-08-26
DE112010000878A5 (de) 2012-06-14

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