WO2010094187A1 - 一种弃废轮胎高值利用的催裂解移动床反应器 - Google Patents

一种弃废轮胎高值利用的催裂解移动床反应器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010094187A1
WO2010094187A1 PCT/CN2009/073474 CN2009073474W WO2010094187A1 WO 2010094187 A1 WO2010094187 A1 WO 2010094187A1 CN 2009073474 W CN2009073474 W CN 2009073474W WO 2010094187 A1 WO2010094187 A1 WO 2010094187A1
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Prior art keywords
reaction chamber
chamber
built
speed changing
discharging
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PCT/CN2009/073474
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵建军
张红亮
Original Assignee
Zhao Jianjun
Zhang Hongliang
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Publication of WO2010094187A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010094187A1/zh

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
    • C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
    • C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09C—TREATMENT OF INORGANIC MATERIALS, OTHER THAN FIBROUS FILLERS, TO ENHANCE THEIR PIGMENTING OR FILLING PROPERTIES ; PREPARATION OF CARBON BLACK  ; PREPARATION OF INORGANIC MATERIALS WHICH ARE NO SINGLE CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS AND WHICH ARE MAINLY USED AS PIGMENTS OR FILLERS
    • C09C1/00—Treatment of specific inorganic materials other than fibrous fillers; Preparation of carbon black
    • C09C1/44—Carbon
    • C09C1/48—Carbon black
    • C09C1/482—Preparation from used rubber products, e.g. tyres

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of discarded tires, and more particularly to a catalyzed moving bed reactor for treating discarded tires.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a cracking moving bed reactor utilizing a high value of discarded tires, which aims to solve the above problems.
  • the present invention comprises: an outer body and a built-in shifting reaction chamber; one end of the two ends of the built-in shifting reaction chamber is connected to a chain rotating mechanism; a mixing chamber between the built-in shifting reaction chamber and the outer body is provided at the bottom of the mixed air chamber There is three
  • the hot air inlet is evenly distributed, and the top side of the mixed air chamber is a hot air outlet; there is a guide fin on the inner wall of the built-in shifting reaction chamber; the end of the built-in shifting reaction chamber is connected to the air lock continuous feeder, and the other end Connected with the gas lock top discharge machine; inside the shaft end of the discharge port, there is a carbon black collecting hopper and a counter-stop fin which are discharged to the fin and rotate with the cylinder; the oil and gas outlet and the discharge port are air lock tops Pushing the upper and lower symmetrical structure of the outer side of the continuous discharge machine; the unbalanced assembly seals are respectively adjacent to the built-in variable speed reaction chamber, the mixed air chamber and the inlet and outlet
  • the invention has the beneficial effects of: realizing continuous automaticization and industrialization of demolition of waste tires, and low operating cost, safe and environmentally friendly equipment, and suitable for completely detoxified tires. Large-scale production with high utilization of resources.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
  • the present invention comprises: an outer body and a built-in shifting reaction chamber 5; either end of the built-in shifting reaction chamber 5 is connected to a chain rotating mechanism 15; the built-in shifting reaction chamber 5 and the outer body are mixed air Cavity 3, at the bottom of the air mixing chamber 3 is provided with three evenly distributed hot air inlets 13, the top end of the mixing chamber 3 is the hot air outlet 2; on the inner wall of the built-in shifting reaction chamber 5 has guide fins 4; One end of the built-in shifting reaction chamber 5 is connected to the air lock continuous feeder 1 and the other end is connected to the air lock top pushing material machine 10; and the discharge collecting fin 6 and the cylinder are arranged inside the shaft end of the discharging port
  • the rotating carbon black collecting hopper 7 and the backstop fin 8; the oil and gas outlet 9 and the discharging port 14 are upper and lower symmetrical structures of the outer side of the cylinder of the air lock pushing continuous discharging machine; the unbalanced packing seal 11 respectively reacts with the built-in
  • the oil and gas passes through the heat preservation effect of the heat preservation inner tank, and enters the combined forced dust removal from the gas outlet port to remove the particulate matter having a diameter of 0.3 ⁇ m or more in the cracked oil and gas, and then is condensed by the fractionation system to become a high-quality fuel oil.
  • the solid product produced by the cracking, carbon black and steel wire, is discharged from the material guiding fin into the air lock top push continuous discharge machine.
  • the present invention is an unbalanced manifold sealed conductive shifting cylindrical composite structure comprising a moving bed reactor outer body and a built-in variable speed reaction chamber. There is a mixed air chamber between the built-in variable speed reaction chamber and the outer layer, and three hot air inlets are arranged at the bottom of the mixed air chamber.
  • the remarkable feature of the moving bed reactor is that the innermost layer is a reaction chamber which is shifted with the change of the feed amount.
  • the reaction chamber is a fully enclosed body except for the inlet and outlet, and the feed distribution zone, the reaction section and the residue are collected and excluded.
  • guide fins are designed on the inner wall of the reaction chamber, and the guide fins may be evenly distributed on the inner wall, or may be multi-spinned.
  • the main functions of the guide fin structure in the present invention are: complete dynamic guiding of the material in the shifting reaction chamber and stirring and conveying of the material.
  • the guiding fin can precisely control the cleavage of the material to be cracked and evenly flipped, thereby improving the cracking efficiency of the discarded tire.
  • the built-in variable-speed reaction chamber of the invention is a swing-shifting guide structure, and the two-shaft end is designed with a cone-type heat preservation inner liner composite structure, which effectively reduces the radiant heat loss in the reaction chamber, and the same wheel drive or chain is arranged at the shaft end. Transmission structure.
  • the two axial ends of the reaction chamber are respectively connected with the gas lock continuous feeder and the air lock top discharge machine, and the carbon black collecting hopper and the counter are arranged inside the shaft end of the discharge port to the fins and the rotating body.
  • the fins are arranged to facilitate the output of the continuous discharge machine by the air lock, and then through the unbalanced assembly sealing, the three functions of automatic continuous feeding, automatic continuous slag discharging and cracking gas export are efficiently performed.
  • the heat exchange chamber of the device of the invention is located in the reaction outside layer, and is a jacketed sealing cylinder body, and the inner wall is provided with a baffle plate, so that the hot air flow axially and radially flushes the reaction outdoor wall to improve the heat exchange efficiency.
  • the heating method of the invention relates to a high value of discarded waste tires.
  • the outermost layer of the reactor is provided with a mixed air chamber, and the mixed air chamber is connected with the heat exchange chamber, and is disposed at the bottom of the mixed air chamber.
  • There are three heats in a uniform state The airflow inlet is diffused axially and radially from the center of the air-mixing chamber to both ends of the hot gas flow chamber. Therefore, the reaction chamber is uniformly heated, and a hot gas waste heat outlet is arranged on both sides of the top end of the heat exchange chamber, so that the temperature control of the high temperature lean oxygen flow in the heat exchange region can be realized, and the cracking automatic temperature control process requirement can be met.
  • the raw materials are transported to the shifting reaction chamber through the air lock continuous feeding machine, and after entering the shifting reaction chamber, the material is forcedly orientated by the guiding fins, and the stirring is completed by the guiding fins.
  • there is a roller drive or a chain transmission structure at the shaft end which drives the built-in shifting reaction chamber to rotate at a uniform speed along the uranium line, and the hot air flow passes through the hot air inlet to the hot air chamber.
  • the ends are axially and radially diffused to provide uniform heating to the reaction chamber, and the feedstock is completely and completely cracked during this process.
  • the oil and gas passes through the heat preservation effect of the heat preservation inner tank, and enters the combined forced dust removal from the gas outlet port, and becomes a high-quality fuel oil after the fractional condensation treatment.
  • the solid product produced by the cracking is introduced from the material guiding fin into the gas lock top and pushed out of the discharge machine.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
  • Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)

Description

说明书
一肺謹台 删 麵名云
技术领域
[1] 本发明涉及弃废轮胎领域， 尤其涉及在处理弃废轮胎中的催裂解移动床反应器 背景技术
[2] 随着现代经济及汽车工业的发展， 弃废轮胎越来越多。
[3] 目前我国弃废轮胎主要用于生产再生胶和胶粉。 再生胶生产能耗高、 污染重， 在世界范围内逐渐被淘汰； 胶粉产品在我国的市场应用还未大面积推广、 生产 能力有限。 此外， 轮胎产品经过 2— 3次重复利用后就不能再用于生产轮胎制品 ， "催化裂解"技术是弃废轮胎循环利用的最终途径， 也是弃废轮胎无害化资源化 处理的重要方法之一。
[4] 弃废轮胎热裂解处理是在裂解反应器中进行， 在欧美等发达国家存在的少量废 轮胎裂解反应装置， 技术工艺设计复杂， 设备结构庞大， 运转成本高， 只有得 到政府的环保和经济政策支持才能运行， 不能产生好的经济效益， 更不能进行 规模工业化推广， 而国内普遍存在的传统热裂解反应器由于技术含量低， 处理 规模小， 在脱硫、 防腐蚀、 传热、 结焦、 自动连续进料和连续排渣等方面都不 同程度地存在着无法克服的技术难题， 设备的安全系数和使用寿命降低， 环境 污染严重， 增加了成本， 同吋也影响了油品及炭黑质量及裂解效率。
对发明的公开
技术问题
[5] 本发明需要解决的技术问题是提供了一种弃废轮胎高值利用的催裂解移动床反 应器， 旨在解决上述的问题。
技术解决方案
[6] 为了解决上述技术问题， 本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
[7] 本发明包括： 外体和内置变速反应室； 内置变速反应室两端的任一端连接一个 链转动机构； 内置变速反应室与外体之间是混风腔， 在混风腔的底部设有三个 呈匀态分布热气流入口， 混风腔的顶端二侧是热气流出口； 在内置变速反应室 的内壁有导向翅片； 在内置变速反应室的一端与气锁连续进料机相连， 另一端 与气锁顶推出料机相连； 在出料口轴端内部设有出料集向翅片和随筒体转动的 炭黑集料斗及逆止翅片； 油气出口及出料口为气锁顶推连续出料机筒体外侧的 上下对称结构； 非平衡集装密封分别与内置变速反应室、 混风腔及进出料机相 邻接； 保温内胆与内置变速反应室两轴端相连， 呈对称分布； 以减少该部位的 散热。
有益效果
[8] 与现有技术相比， 本发明的有益效果是： 实现了弃废旧轮胎催裂解的自动连续 化、 产业化， 而且运行成本低， 设备安全环保， 适于弃废轮胎完全无害化、 资 源化高值利用的规模化生产。
附图说明
[9] 图 1为本发明的结构示意图。
本发明的最佳实施方式
[10]
本发明的实施方式
[11] 下面结合附图与具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细描述：
[12] 由图 1可见： 本发明包括： 外体和内置变速反应室 5 ; 内置变速反应室 5两端的 任一端连接一个链转动机构 15 ; 内置变速反应室 5与外体之间是混风腔 3， 在混 风腔 3的底部设有三个呈匀态分布热气流入口 13， 混风腔 3的顶端二侧是热气流 出口 2; 在内置变速反应室 5的内壁有导向翅片 4; 在内置变速反应室 5的一端与 气锁连续进料机 1相连， 另一端与气锁顶推出料机 10相连； 在出料口轴端内部设 有出料集向翅片 6和随筒体转动的炭黑集料斗 7及逆止翅片 8 ; 油气出口 9及出料 口 14为气锁顶推连续出料机筒体外侧的上下对称结构； 非平衡集装密封 11分别 与内置变速反应室 5、 混风腔 3及进出料机相邻接； 以实现相邻两部件的密封； 保温内胆 12与内置变速反应室 5两轴端相连， 呈对称分布； 以减少该部位的散热 所述的导向翅片 4在内壁上是呈交叉均匀分布或者是呈多旋分布。 [14] 将弃废轮胎经剪切破碎为 30〜80mm的胶块和催化剂一起通过气锁连续进料机 输送至变速反应室， 变速反应室是由两端的任一端链转动机构带动其转动的移 动床， 进入变速反应室， 在压力 0〜+150pa， 温度 330〜380°C， 雾化催化剂作用 条件下， 胶块在外部旋转和内部导向翅片的搅伴作用下， 均匀吸收外部供热系 统提供的热量完成裂解裂化反应。 在此过程中， 导向翅片完成物料强制导向和 输送作用。 裂解后的油气经由保温内胆的保温作用， 由出气口进入复式强制除 尘， 除去裂解油气中直径在 0.3um以上颗粒物， 然后经分馏系统冷凝处理后变成 优质燃料油。 而裂解生成的固态产物-碳黑和钢丝， 由物料导向翅片导入气锁顶 推连续出料机排出。
[15] 本发明是一种非平衡集装密封的传导型变速柱形复合体结构， 包括移动床反应 器外体和内置变速反应室。 内置变速反应室与外层之间是混风腔， 在混风腔的 底部设有三个呈匀态分布热气流入口。 移动床反应器的显著特点为最内层为随 给料量变化而变速的反应室， 该反应室除保留进出料口外， 为全密闭体， 分进 料分配区、 反应段、 残留物收集排除段三部分， 在反应室内壁设计有导向翅片 ， 导向翅片在内壁上可以呈交叉均匀分布， 也可以呈多旋分布。
[16] 本发明中导向翅片结构主要功能是： 完成物料在变速反应室内的动态导向以及 物料的搅拌和输送。 该导向翅片可以精确控制被裂解物料停留吋间及均匀翻动 ， 提高弃废轮胎裂解效率。
[17] 本发明的内置变速反应室为回旋变速导向结构， 两轴端设计有锥型保温内胆复 合结构， 有效减少反应室内辐射热损失， 同吋在该轴端设有托轮驱动或链式传 动结构。 另外， 反应室两轴端分别与气锁连续进料机和气锁顶推出料机相连， 在出料口轴端内部设有出料集向翅片和随筒体转动的炭黑集料斗及逆止翅片， 以便于由气锁顶推连续出料机输出物料， 再通过非平衡集装密封， 高效完成自 动连续进料、 自动连续卸渣、 裂解气导出三项功能。
[18] 本发明设备换热室位于反应室外层， 为夹套式密封筒体， 内壁设有导流片， 使 热气流轴向及径向冲刷反应室外壁， 以提高换热效率。
[19] 本发明涉及的加热方式为弃废轮胎高值利用催裂解移动床反应器的最外层设有 混风室腔体， 混风腔与换热室相贯通， 在混风腔底部设有三个呈匀态分布的热 气流入口， 由混风腔中心向热气流腔体两端轴向及径向扩散。 从而为反应室均 匀供热， 在换热室顶端两侧设有热气流余热出口， 便于实现对换热区域高温贫 氧气流调控控温， 以满足裂解自动温控工艺要求。
[20] 本发明在运行吋， 原料通过气锁连续进料机输送至变速反应室， 进入变速反应 室后， 物料在导向翅片的作用下， 做强制定向运动， 由导向翅片完成搅伴和输 送， 在此过程中， 在该轴端设有托轮驱动或链式传动结构， 带动内置变速反应 室沿铀线做匀速转动， 同吋热气流经由热气流进口向热气流腔体两端轴向及径 向扩散， 从而为反应室均匀供热， 原料在此过程中完成彻底完全裂解。 裂解后 的油气经由保温内胆的保温作用， 由出气口进入复式强制除尘， 经分馏冷凝处 理后变成优质燃料油。 而裂解生成的固态产物由物料导向翅片导入气锁顶推连 续出料机排出。
工业实用性
[21]
序列表自由内容
[22]

Claims

权利要求书
[1] 一种弃废轮胎高值利用的催裂解移动床反应器， 其特征在于包括： 外体和 内置变速反应室； 内置变速反应室两端的任一端连接一个链转动机构； 内 置变速反应室与外体之间是混风腔， 在混风腔的底部设有三个呈匀态分布 热气流入口， 混风腔的顶端二侧是热气流出口； 在内置变速反应室的内壁 有导向翅片； 在内置变速反应室的一端与气锁连续进料机相连， 另一端与 气锁顶推出料机相连； 在出料口轴端内部设有出料集向翅片和随筒体转动 的炭黑集料斗及逆止翅片； 油气出口及出料口为气锁顶推连续出料机筒体 外侧的上下对称结构； 非平衡集装密封分别与内置变速反应室、 混风腔及 进出料机相邻接； 保温内胆与内置变速反应室两轴端相连， 呈对称分布。
[2] 根据权利要求 1所述的一种弃废轮胎高值利用的催裂解移动床反应器， 其特 征在于： 所述的导向翅片在内壁上是呈交叉均匀分布或者是呈多旋分布。
PCT/CN2009/073474 2009-02-20 2009-08-25 一种弃废轮胎高值利用的催裂解移动床反应器 WO2010094187A1 (zh)

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CN103627421B (zh) * 2013-12-13 2015-03-25 牛晓璐 一种出料机构
CN114702980A (zh) * 2022-04-11 2022-07-05 攀枝花市金开圆科技有限公司 一种废轮胎热裂解反应釜排渣装置

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