WO2010091700A1 - Procédé pour faire fonctionner un débitmètre massique à effet coriolis et débitmètre massique à effet coriolis - Google Patents

Procédé pour faire fonctionner un débitmètre massique à effet coriolis et débitmètre massique à effet coriolis Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010091700A1
WO2010091700A1 PCT/EP2009/001030 EP2009001030W WO2010091700A1 WO 2010091700 A1 WO2010091700 A1 WO 2010091700A1 EP 2009001030 W EP2009001030 W EP 2009001030W WO 2010091700 A1 WO2010091700 A1 WO 2010091700A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
indicator
coriolis mass
determined
mass flowmeter
vibration
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/001030
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Bierweiler
Wolfgang Ens
Henning Lenz
Original Assignee
Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Siemens Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Siemens Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to PCT/EP2009/001030 priority Critical patent/WO2010091700A1/fr
Publication of WO2010091700A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010091700A1/fr

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/74—Devices for measuring flow of a fluid or flow of a fluent solid material in suspension in another fluid
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/78—Direct mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/80—Direct mass flowmeters operating by measuring pressure, force, momentum, or frequency of a fluid flow to which a rotational movement has been imparted
    • G01F1/84—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/8409—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters constructional details
    • G01F1/8436—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters constructional details signal processing
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01F—MEASURING VOLUME, VOLUME FLOW, MASS FLOW OR LIQUID LEVEL; METERING BY VOLUME
    • G01F1/00—Measuring the volume flow or mass flow of fluid or fluent solid material wherein the fluid passes through a meter in a continuous flow
    • G01F1/76—Devices for measuring mass flow of a fluid or a fluent solid material
    • G01F1/78—Direct mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/80—Direct mass flowmeters operating by measuring pressure, force, momentum, or frequency of a fluid flow to which a rotational movement has been imparted
    • G01F1/84—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters
    • G01F1/845—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits
    • G01F1/8468—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits vibrating measuring conduits
    • G01F1/8472—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits vibrating measuring conduits having curved measuring conduits, i.e. whereby the measuring conduits' curved center line lies within a plane
    • G01F1/8477—Coriolis or gyroscopic mass flowmeters arrangements of measuring means, e.g., of measuring conduits vibrating measuring conduits having curved measuring conduits, i.e. whereby the measuring conduits' curved center line lies within a plane with multiple measuring conduits

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for operating a Coriolis mass flow meter and a Coriolis mass flow meter according to the preamble of the independent claims.
  • the measurement of the flow through process pipes of a plant is a necessary measure, for example, in process automation, which is why there are a variety of known measuring methods.
  • Known measuring methods include Coriolis, magnetic-inductive, ultrasound, eddy current meters,
  • a Coriolis mass flow meter can determine not only the mass flow but also the density of the medium flowing through it. Therefore, a gas content in a liquid flowing through, for example, by comparing the specific density with a
  • WO 2006/130415 A and WO 2006/127527 A describe methods for detecting and counting gas bubbles by means of additional excitation of other frequencies and comparison of the response with a reference spectrum. This makes it possible to determine both the mass flow rate and the density of the liquids and the gas.
  • a problem with this approach is that it requires the use of a suitable excitation source, which is why the hardware of a conventional Coriolis mass flowmeter would be different.
  • this approach is only applicable to certain gas bubble distributions in the liquid.
  • Cavitation is the formation of cavities in liquids by pressure fluctuations.
  • a process tube to which the Coriolis mass flowmeter is flanged, can be set in vibration.
  • Cavitation directly in front of the Coriolis mass flowmeter leads to erroneous measured values, since the liquid in the measuring tubes of the measuring instrument then also carries cavities with it.
  • pumps, valves, transducers, etc. can be damaged or even destroyed by cavitation.
  • cavitation can occur, which can lead to damage of the measuring device. For this reason, in manuals to Coriolis mass flow meters in the
  • the Coriolis mass flowmeter according to the preamble of the independent claims can detect in a liquid mitge designedte gas components (two-phase flow) and thus a process disturbance by a first indicator is determined as described above.
  • the frequency spectrum is calculated from the difference signal of the vibration pickup, for example by means of an FFT of 64 support points at a sampling rate of 20 kHz for a Coriolis mass flowmeter with a fundamental frequency of 650 Hz.
  • the first indicator then corresponds to the quotient of the weighted sum of the Upper frequencies and the fundamental frequency. It is advantageous that such a phase information is clearly taken into account in the spectral analysis. This contains important information because the flow and the media density between the two vibration sensors change due to the multiphase flow, in particular due to the gas components entrained in the fluid.
  • At least one further indicator is now determined when a predetermined threshold value for the first indicator is exceeded.
  • the threshold for the first indicator is between 1.5 and 2.5, preferably about 2, wherein the determination of the threshold for the first indicator also depends on the size of the Coriolis mass flowmeter.
  • the classification allows the detection of cavitation.
  • the location of the source of cavitation can be determined.
  • the type and location of the process disturbance can be determined by the classification. This allows condition monitoring of the process. Based on this, it can also be determined whether erroneous measurements are available, so that additional Let a condition monitoring of the field device is possible. Basically, the more indicators that are included in the classification, the more reliable it is to determine cavitation and the location of the source of cavitation.
  • the classification according to the present invention preferably distinguishes between the following classes:
  • the at least one further indicator is determined from the vibration signals, that is, the raw signals of the at least two vibration sensors.
  • further indicators for example, a phase angle, an amplitude value or amplitude estimated value, correlation coefficients of the two vibration sensors (eg 128 data points at a sampling rate of 20 kHz) and a difference of the vibration signal amplitudes of the at least two vibration sensors come into question.
  • the at least one further indicator can also be obtained, for example, from an actuator current or an excitation frequency for the excitation arrangement or an amplification factor of the regulation.
  • values derived from the here mentioned and other suitable indicators can be formed, such as their standard deviation, which are then included as further indicators in the classification.
  • the at least one further indicator is calculated periodically and a predetermined number of values are stored for each further indicator.
  • the further indicators are calculated every 0.02 seconds and the last ten values of each indicator are stored in a memory of the evaluation device. Then the standard deviation for an indicator can be determined from its last ten values.
  • the classification of the process disturbance takes place on the basis of a plurality of threshold values for each indicator. That is, each indicator that is determined is compared to multiple thresholds for that indicator.
  • threshold values can be derived from measured data or empirical values. It is also the case that the more threshold values are set for each indicator, the better it is possible to differentiate between process disturbances, so that a process disturbance can be reliably assigned to one of the above-listed classes.
  • the classification of the process disturbance is based on minimum and maximum envelopes for each indicator. That is, a minimum and a maximum envelope are provided for each indicator instead of discrete thresholds.
  • a minimum and a maximum envelope are provided for each indicator instead of discrete thresholds.
  • each indicator lies within a certain range of the minimum and maximum envelopes provided for this purpose. Depending on this area, which is also referred to below as the residence area, it is possible to draw conclusions about the process status.
  • the envelopes do not necessarily have to be monotone or linear. Rather, the envelopes may be, for example, piecewise linear envelopes, nth order polynomials, spins, neural networks, exponential or logarithmic envelopes.
  • the envelopes can be modeled in a manner known per se from a set of standard deviations for the respective indicator. For this purpose, standard deviations are preferably determined once for each indicator. From a subset of minimum values then the minimum curve and from a subset of maximum values the maximum curve by inverting a respective one
  • Envelope calculated. Furthermore, from the reversal of the envelope for each indicator, one or (in the case of non-monotonic envelopes) can specify several common areas. Based on the residence areas of the indicators, the process status can then be determined and thus a classification made. In order to determine the process disturbance even at low gas contents in the liquid, the residence areas of the indicators are preferably superimposed (superposition).
  • a particular advantage of the present invention is that the hardware of the Coriolis mass flowmeter does not have to be extended to determine further indicators.
  • the other indicators are derived from the raw signals from the vibration sensors or from other signals from the measuring device, so that only existing (sensor) signals are used and evaluated.
  • the process state can be identified and classified on the basis of the further features (eg entrained gas components, occurrence of cavitation, etc.), no additional sensors or actuators are required and the control circuit of the measuring device does not need to be changed.
  • Another advantage of the present invention is that a diagnostic statement about the process state and the field device is provided. Because from a certain gas content, the field device is out of specification. That is, the flow reading is no longer reliable and should no longer be considered valid process information.
  • cavitation can set the measuring tubes and / or the process tube in vibration, which likewise leads to erroneous measured values.
  • the Coriolis mass flowmeter according to the present invention can provide information on the occurrence of undesirable cavitation including the location of occurrence, thus providing the starting point for process optimization, such as, e.g. by increasing a backpressure.
  • Figure 1 shows a Coriolis mass flow meter according to an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 2 shows a pipeline of a plant to which the Coriolis mass flowmeter according to FIG. 1 is flanged;
  • FIG. 3 shows an embodiment of a classifier according to the present invention
  • FIG. 4 shows a flow chart for a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 shows a Coriolis mass flowmeter according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the Coriolis mass flowmeter 1 according to FIG. 1 operates on the Coriolis principle.
  • a first measuring tube 2 and a second measuring tube 3 are arranged substantially parallel to one another. They are usually made from one piece by bending.
  • the course of the measuring tubes is essentially U-shaped.
  • a flowable medium flows according to an arrow 4 in the mass flow meter 1 and thus in the two located behind a not visible in the figure inlet splitter inlet sections of the measuring tubes 2 and 3 and corresponding to an arrow 5 from the outlet sections and the behind, also in the figure invisible discharge splitter off again.
  • a stiffening frame 7 By a stiffening frame 7, the geometry of the measuring tubes 2 and 3 is kept substantially constant, so that even changes in the piping system in which the mass flowmeter 1 is installed, for example, due to temperature fluctuations, possibly lead to a low zero offset.
  • Vibration sensors 9 are used to detect the Coriolis forces and / or based on the Coriolis forces oscillations of the measuring tubes 2 and 3, which arise due to the mass of the medium flowing through.
  • the vibration signals 10, which are generated by the two vibration sensors 9, are emitted by an Value device 11 evaluated.
  • the evaluation device 11 comprises a digital signal processor 12, in which the evaluation of signals according to the invention is implemented in the measuring device. Results of the evaluation, which will be described in detail below, are output on a display 13 and / or transmitted via an output, not shown in the figure, eg fieldbus, to a higher-level control station. Furthermore, a warning signal with information about a state of the process and / or the field device can be output via the display 13 or the output.
  • the evaluation device 11 also controls the exciter arrangement 8.
  • the measuring tubes 2 and 3 may of course have other geometries, such as a V-shaped or a ⁇ -shaped center section, or it may be a different number and arrangement of exciter arrangements and vibration pickups are selected.
  • the Coriolis mass flowmeter may alternatively have a different number of measuring tubes, for example a measuring tube or more than two measuring tubes.
  • an evaluation performed in the evaluation device 11 includes determining a first indicator and determining whether the first indicator exceeds a predetermined threshold. If this is the case, the evaluation device 11 determines at least one further indicator in order to classify the process disturbance determined on the basis of the first indicator, taking into account the at least two specific indicators. That is, in the evaluation device 11, a classifier is implemented, which will be described with reference to Figure 3.
  • FIG. 2 shows a pipeline (process line) 14 of a plant to which the Coriolis mass flowmeter 1 is connected. measure of Figure 1 is flanged. Furthermore, FIG. 2 shows classes of process disturbances which can be determined on the basis of the Coriolis mass flowmeter according to the present invention. The classification primarily focuses on whether cavitation is present. In this regard, a distinction is made according to whether cavitation occurs far in front of the device, directly in front of the device, in the device or directly after the device. In addition, the classification may include whether gas bubbles are carried in the liquid or not.
  • FIG. 3 shows an exemplary embodiment of a classifier according to the present invention.
  • This classifier classifies a process disorder based on multiple thresholds for each indicator used in the classification.
  • an indicator with characteristic is designated, SD stands for standard deviation and stands for pickup for vibration pickup.
  • the classifier of FIG. 3 can also be called a decision matrix, which is used for an allocation of process disturbances.
  • the decision matrix comprises only one correlation coefficient of the two oscillators for each class of process disturbances, an interval with an upper and a lower limit.
  • the decision matrix of Figure 3 shows discrete thresholds, which for the sake of simplicity are not represented as absolute values but as "X".
  • a "-" in the decision matrix means that all thresholds are undercut. To refine the classification, several thresholds are provided for each indicator.
  • X does not mean that only Threshold 1 but not Threshold 2 is exceeded, but that Threshold 1 is definitely is exceeded. The same applies to the other thresholds XX, XXX and XXXX.
  • the indicators provided in the decision matrix are determined each time, with the indicators provided in the decision matrix of FIG. 3 not being exhaustive, but also other indicators being included in the classification.
  • the more indicators that are included in the classification of a process disturbance the more precisely it is possible to differentiate between classes of process disturbances.
  • the amplitude estimate does not allow a reliable statement about a process fault class.
  • the standard deviation of the amplitude of the vibration signal of the first vibration sensor (SD (amplitude pickup I)) in the flow direction makes it very easy to see whether cavitation is present directly in front of the device and no gas is carried in the liquid. Because in this case the threshold 4 (XXXX) is crossed the only time.
  • FIG. 4 shows a flow chart for a method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • a first indicator is determined by determining a difference signal of the vibration signals of the vibration sensors (see FIG. 1) and its frequency spectrum.
  • the first indicator corresponds to a quotient of a weighted sum of upper frequencies and a fundamental frequency of the frequency spectrum.
  • the first indicator provides information about whether a process malfunction exists or not.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Measuring Volume Flow (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé pour faire fonctionner un débitmètre massique à effet Coriolis (1) et un débitmètre massique à effet Coriolis (1) selon le préambule des revendications indépendantes. Un premier indicateur est déterminé, en ce sens qu'un signal différentiel des signaux d'oscillation (10) du capteur d'oscillation (9) du débitmètre massique à effet Coriolis et le spectre de fréquence du signal différentiel sont déterminés. Le premier indicateur correspond à un quotient d'une somme pondérée de fréquences supérieures et d'une fréquence de base du spectre de fréquence. Il est également déterminé si le premier indicateur dépasse ou non une valeur seuil prédéterminée. Si le premier indicateur dépasse la valeur seuil prédéterminée, au moins un autre indicateur est alors déterminé. La perturbation du processus constatée au moyen du premier indicateur est classifiée sur la base de ces deux indicateurs déterminés.
PCT/EP2009/001030 2009-02-13 2009-02-13 Procédé pour faire fonctionner un débitmètre massique à effet coriolis et débitmètre massique à effet coriolis WO2010091700A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2009/001030 WO2010091700A1 (fr) 2009-02-13 2009-02-13 Procédé pour faire fonctionner un débitmètre massique à effet coriolis et débitmètre massique à effet coriolis

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2009/001030 WO2010091700A1 (fr) 2009-02-13 2009-02-13 Procédé pour faire fonctionner un débitmètre massique à effet coriolis et débitmètre massique à effet coriolis

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WO2010091700A1 true WO2010091700A1 (fr) 2010-08-19

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012022541A1 (fr) * 2010-08-19 2012-02-23 Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag Système de mesure présentant un transducteur du type à vibration

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5594180A (en) * 1994-08-12 1997-01-14 Micro Motion, Inc. Method and apparatus for fault detection and correction in Coriolis effect mass flowmeters
WO2006130415A1 (fr) * 2005-05-27 2006-12-07 Micro Motion, Inc. Procedes et electronique de mesure utilises pour la detection rapide de la non uniformite d'une matiere s'ecoulant dans un debitmetre a effet de coriolis
DE102006017676B3 (de) * 2006-04-12 2007-09-27 Krohne Meßtechnik GmbH & Co KG Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Coriolis-Massendurchflußmeßgeräts

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5594180A (en) * 1994-08-12 1997-01-14 Micro Motion, Inc. Method and apparatus for fault detection and correction in Coriolis effect mass flowmeters
WO2006130415A1 (fr) * 2005-05-27 2006-12-07 Micro Motion, Inc. Procedes et electronique de mesure utilises pour la detection rapide de la non uniformite d'une matiere s'ecoulant dans un debitmetre a effet de coriolis
DE102006017676B3 (de) * 2006-04-12 2007-09-27 Krohne Meßtechnik GmbH & Co KG Verfahren zum Betrieb eines Coriolis-Massendurchflußmeßgeräts

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
TECHNISCHES MESSEN, vol. 74, 2007, pages 577 - 588, XP008114101 *

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2012022541A1 (fr) * 2010-08-19 2012-02-23 Endress+Hauser Flowtec Ag Système de mesure présentant un transducteur du type à vibration
US8881604B2 (en) 2010-08-19 2014-11-11 Endress + Hauser Flowtec Ag Measuring system having a vibration-type measuring transducer

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