WO2010069117A1 - 欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法及暂堵式筛管 - Google Patents

欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法及暂堵式筛管 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010069117A1
WO2010069117A1 PCT/CN2009/001033 CN2009001033W WO2010069117A1 WO 2010069117 A1 WO2010069117 A1 WO 2010069117A1 CN 2009001033 W CN2009001033 W CN 2009001033W WO 2010069117 A1 WO2010069117 A1 WO 2010069117A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
screen
plug
tube
completion
pipe
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/001033
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
任荣权
王辉
王建利
尹宏伟
于永亮
曹川�
耿丽
Original Assignee
中国石油天然气集团公司
中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院
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Publication date
Priority claimed from CN2008102400323A external-priority patent/CN101440702B/zh
Priority claimed from CN2008102400342A external-priority patent/CN101440701B/zh
Application filed by 中国石油天然气集团公司, 中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院 filed Critical 中国石油天然气集团公司
Publication of WO2010069117A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010069117A1/zh

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
    • E21B43/02—Subsoil filtering
    • E21B43/08—Screens or liners
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
    • E21B21/08—Controlling or monitoring pressure or flow of drilling fluid, e.g. automatic filling of boreholes, automatic control of bottom pressure
    • E21B21/085—Underbalanced techniques, i.e. where borehole fluid pressure is below formation pressure
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
    • E21B34/00—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells
    • E21B34/06—Valve arrangements for boreholes or wells in wells
    • E21B34/063—Valve or closure with destructible element, e.g. frangible disc

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling and completion, in particular to a method for constructing a screen tube completion, which is a method for completion of a screen tube under underbalanced conditions.
  • Background technique :
  • underbalanced drilling technology As an effective means to reduce reservoir damage, improve oil and gas well productivity, and solve the problems of low drilling speed, lost circulation, and differential pressure stuck in conventional drilling technology, underbalanced drilling technology has received increasing attention from the petroleum industry. More importantly, underbalanced drilling technology is conducive to reducing oil and gas exploration and development costs, and can effectively and timely discover and protect oil and gas reservoirs, which has become a hot spot in drilling technology development. Underbalanced completion technology is an extension of underbalanced drilling technology and one of the key technologies in solving underbalanced drilling technology. According to statistics, after the completion of foreign underbalanced drilling, 76% of the wells were completed with openholes, 21% were completed by screens, and 3% were perforated.
  • the casing is not cemented perforating, that is, using underbalanced drilling technology to open In the oil and gas layer, under the unbalanced condition, the casing is not cemented, and the perforation completion is directly used. These two underbalanced completion methods are not conducive to the long-term development of oil wells, and it is urgent to study new completion methods.
  • a composite metal mesh sand control screen a composite metal filter is placed on the porous central base pipe, and an outer protective sleeve is placed outside the composite metal filter, and is fixed by a support ring; a wire wound screen: directly Winding the wire on the central base pipe of the drill filter hole; and the slit screen: laser cutting a slit of a certain width directly on the central base pipe, and controlling the size of the sand control by the width of the slit.
  • the disadvantages of the existing screen are: There are holes in the wall of the base pipe, and the inside and outside of the base pipe are connected. Underbalanced completion can not be implemented by using a screen with a hole in the wall of the base pipe and a pipe connected inside and outside the base pipe.
  • Chinese Patent Publication No. CN1891974A provides an underbalanced completion method and a completion device.
  • a circular tube is used as the base tube, and an axial groove is uniformly distributed around the surface of the tube wall of the circular tube, and the depth of the axial groove is between 3 and 11 mm.
  • the circular tube is lowered downhole and the circular tube is expanded and plastically deformed by a downhole expansion tool.
  • the diameter of the tube wall of the circular tube increases; the axial groove becomes an approximately diamond-shaped hole, which enables the circular tube to adhere to the well wall to stabilize the well wall.
  • the inner and outer walls of the circular tube are not connected to each other, and an underbalanced completion can be achieved.
  • the axial groove of the circular pipe is difficult to process and the manufacturing cost is high; the expansion method for expanding the axial groove of the circular pipe is used during construction, and the expansion tool used is complicated, and the supporting hydraulic equipment is required. Summary of the invention
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a method for completion of a screen tube under underbalanced conditions. Under the condition of no-killing well, the screen string is driven down, and the screen is used to realize an underbalanced completion, thereby providing a full-process underbalanced drilling. A new way of completion. Overcoming the complexity of the expansion tool used in the underbalanced completion method provided by CN1891974A requires the inadequacy of supporting hydraulic equipment.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a temporary blocking screen for underbalanced completion, When entering the wellbore, the inside and outside of the base pipe are not connected, and the underbalanced completion is realized by the underbalanced completion screen which is not connected between the inside and the outside of the base pipe.
  • the object of the present invention is achieved by the method for completing the screen tube under underbalanced conditions.
  • the inner wall portion of the base pipe 2 is ground or sheared.
  • the structure of the temporarily blocked screen pipe string that is sent into the well is that the shoe 3 and the temporary block screen are connected from the bottom to the top, and they are connected by the coupling 1.
  • the temporarily blocked screen string is lowered into the wellbore under underbalanced conditions.
  • the temporary plugged screen pipe column is connected to the wellhead at the same time; the temporary plugged screen pipe top is connected to the tail pipe hanger, and the tail pipe is suspended.
  • the temporary plugging screen pipe string is suspended on the inner wall of the upper casing; the top end of the temporary blocking screen is connected with the expansion pipe, and the expansion pipe expansion seat is sealed on the inner wall of the upper casing by the expansion tool.
  • the connection of the temporary plugged screen string and the temporary plugged screen string into the wellbore, as well as the tailpipe suspension and the expansion tube expansion seat seal can be accomplished by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
  • the drilling and milling tool is lowered into the pipe string through the drill pipe, and the drilling and milling tools such as drill bits, grinding shoes, milling shoes and the like are used.
  • the drilling and milling tool uses the drilling and milling tool, the blind end of the plug on the temporary plug screen is protruded or cut off from the inner wall portion of the base pipe. The plug is blocked, and the oil and gas enters the casing string through the gland and the screen.
  • the blind end of the plugging and milling tool is placed in the column and milled or sheared to remove the blind end of the temporary blocking tube, which can be completed by a person skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
  • the temporary blocking screen comprises a coupling, a base pipe, a shoe, a plug, a screen and a gland, and a coupling is connected at an end of the base pipe.
  • a hole is evenly distributed on the wall of the base pipe.
  • a plug is fixed in each of the holes.
  • the structure of the plug is: The plug is in the shape of a cylinder, and there is a central hole at one end of the plug, and the center hole is a blind hole.
  • the center hole has a step, and a screen is fixed on the center hole step. The role of the screen is to control the amount of sand produced and maintain production.
  • the screen is fixed to the step of the center hole.
  • the gland is disc-shaped, and the through hole is evenly distributed on the gland.
  • the blind end of the plug protrudes from the inner wall of the base pipe.
  • the height of the inner wall of the base pipe is
  • the wall thickness of the blind end of the plug is between 1.5 and 3 mm.
  • the plug is blocked by the inner end of the inner wall of the base pipe, and is blocked in the process of entering the well to prevent the mud inside and outside the screen column from colluding with each other to achieve underbalance.
  • the plugging is fixed by pressing in and welding.
  • the screen is made of stainless steel and the sand screen is between 100 and 150 mesh.
  • the fixing between the gland and the plug is connected by means of splicing.
  • the coupling is used to connect a plurality of base pipes to form a string of sieves.
  • the length of the sieve string can be connected through the coupling according to the oil layer condition and production requirements of the specific wellbore to reach the required length.
  • a shoe is attached to the lowermost end of the screen string by a coupling. The shoe-inducing action guides the entire screen string into the well.
  • the plug, the screen, and the gland are sequentially assembled in each hole in the base pipe, and the base pipe is assembled with the gland.
  • the coupling is connected to the base pipe and connected according to the different length requirements of the screen string. Since one end of the plug is a blind end, it can ensure the pressure difference between the screen and the outside of the screen, and the inside and outside of the screen are not transparent or deformed, so that the screen string is separated inside and outside, and the underbalanced state is maintained.
  • the cutting tool can be cut by cutting the blind end of the plug to realize the screen function.
  • the oil and gas enters the annulus of the base pipe through the gland, screen and plug, and the sand is blocked by the screen outside the screen.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an underbalanced completion temporary plugging screen string.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the plug.
  • the temporary plugging screen used in the screen completion method comprises a coupling 1, a base pipe 2, a plug 4, a screen 5 and a gland 6, and a coupling 1 is connected at the end of the base pipe 2, at the base A hole is evenly distributed on the wall of the tube 2, and a plug 4 is fixed in each of the holes.
  • the structure of the plug 4 is: the plug 4 has a cylindrical shape, and has a central hole at one end of the plug 4, and the center hole is blind
  • the hole has a step in the center hole, and a screen 5 is fixed on the center hole step, and a gland 6 is arranged at the opening of the center hole, and the gland 6 fixes the screen 5 on the step of the center hole, and the gland 6 is disc-shaped
  • the gland 6 is uniformly distributed with a through hole, and the blind end of the plug 4 protrudes from the inner wall of the base pipe 2, and the height of the inner wall of the base pipe 2 is blocked by the blind end.
  • the height of the inner wall of the base pipe 2 is between 5 and 6 mm. 4
  • the wall thickness of the blind end is between 1.5 and 3 mm, and the plug 4 is blinded by one end of the inner wall of the base pipe 2.
  • the plugging 4 is fixed by pressing in and splicing.
  • the screen 5 is made of stainless steel and the sand screen 5 is between 100 and 150 mesh.
  • the fixing between the gland 6 and the plug 4 is connected by means of splicing.
  • Example 1 A well of 5000 m deep using underbalanced drilling
  • each temporary plug-in screen has a length of 10 m, a wall thickness of 13 mm and an inner diameter of 101 mm.
  • a through hole is evenly distributed on the wall of the base pipe 2. The density of the through hole is per meter. 480.
  • the diameter of the through hole is 12 mm.
  • a plug 4 is fixed in each hole.
  • the fixing method of the plug 4 is pressed in and Refer to Figure 3.
  • the structure of the plug 4 is:
  • the plug 4 is cylindrical, and the outer wall of the plug 4 has a step.
  • the core hole has a step, and a screen 5 is fixed on the center hole step.
  • At the opening of the central opening there is a gland 6 which secures the screen 5 to the step of the central opening.
  • the fixing between the gland 6 and the plug 4 is a welded structure.
  • the screen 5 is made of stainless steel and the sand screen 5 is a 120 mesh screen 5.
  • the gland 6 has a disk shape, and a through hole is evenly distributed on the gland 6.
  • the blind end of the plug 4 protrudes from the inner wall of the base pipe 2.
  • the height of the inner wall of the base tube 2 of the blind plug 4 is 5 mm.
  • the wall thickness of the blind end of the base pipe 2 is 2 mm.
  • the plug 4 is blinded at one end of the inner wall of the base pipe 2.
  • the method and operation of the connection of the temporary plugged screen string to the well is identical to the current method and operation. Those skilled in the art can fully accomplish this with a temporary plug screen.
  • the specific method is: Under the underbalance condition, the temporary plugged screen pipe string is lowered into the wellbore. At the lowermost end of the screen string, a lead shoe 3 having a length of 0.5 m is connected through the coupling 1. Connect a 5" temporary plug-in screen to the upper end of the coupling 1 and connect 9 5" temporary plug-in screens through the coupling 1 at the top. Make the total length of the 5 ⁇ temporary plug-in screen reach the requirements of the well design. Then connect the upper 5 ⁇ casing to the wellhead.
  • Plug the plug on the temporary blocking screen. 4 The blind end protrudes from the inner wall of the base pipe 2 and is removed by milling. Attach the grinding shoe to the drill pipe and attach a grinding shoe to the lower end of the drill. The outer diameter of the shoe is 98 mm. The grinding shoes are put into the pipe string through the drill pipe, and the inner wall portion of the base pipe 2 of the blind end protruding base pipe 2 is ground and removed by the grinding shoe. The plug 4 is penetrated, and the oil and gas enters the column through the gland and the screen.
  • Example 2 is basically the same as Example 1. The difference is: the screen pipe column is inserted into the wellbore and the tail pipe hanger is connected by the top end of the screen pipe. The tail pipe hanger is used to suspend the temporarily blocked screen pipe column on the inner wall of the upper casing. The specific difference is: When the lower screen string connection length reaches 1500 meters, a 7" X 5" tail pipe hanger is attached to the upper part. The upper part of the 7 “X 5 " tail pipe hanger is connected to the drill pipe all the way to the wellhead. Tail pipe hanger seat using drill pipe Hanging on the inner wall of the lower end of the technical casing.
  • the tail pipe suspension mounting process and method have been used for decades, and can be completed by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
  • Example 3 is basically the same as Example 1. The difference is: Under the screen pipe column, the expansion pipe is connected to the top of the well pipe by the top of the sieve pipe, and the expansion pipe expansion seat is sealed on the inner wall of the upper casing by the expansion tool. The specific difference is: When the lower screen string is connected to a length of 1500 m, the upper part is connected with a 1.3 m 5 ⁇ expansion tube and an expansion tool. 5 " Upper part of the expansion tube Connect the drill pipe all the way to the wellhead. Then use the expansion tool to hang the expansion pipe socket on the inner wall of the lower end of the 7" technical casing.
  • the expansion tube expansion seat seal (seat) process and method have been used for many years and can be accomplished by those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail.
  • the temporary plugging screen tube column is used, and the screen tube column is not connected with the outer space of the column column, which solves the problem of using the screen tube to achieve underbalanced completion after underbalanced drilling. technical challenge.
  • the process of lowering the screen in an underbalanced state is the same as the process of lowering the normal casing in an underbalanced state. After the lower screen is completed, use the drilling and milling tool to mill or shear and remove the plugging blind end of the temporary blocking screen to protrude the inner wall of the base pipe, so that the plug can penetrate and the oil and gas can enter the screen column.
  • the screen column is temporarily sealed, and the temporary plugging part of the plug is opened to block the plug, and the oil and gas can enter the screen column.

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Description

欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法及暂堵式筛管
技术领域：
本发明涉及一种石油钻探完井技术领域， 特别涉及一种筛管完井 施工方法， 是一种欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法。 背景技术：
欠平衡钻井技术作为一项减少储层损害、 提高油气井产能以及解 决常规钻井技术出现的钻速低、 井漏、 压差卡钻等问题的有效手段， 越来越得到石油界的普遍重视。 更重要的是， 欠平衡钻井技术有利于 降低油气勘探开发成本， 并能有效及时地发现和保护油气藏， 己成为 钻井技术发展热点。 欠平衡完井技术是欠平衡钻井技术的延伸， 是解 决全过程欠平衡钻井技术中的关键技术之一。 据资料统计， 国外欠平 衡钻井完成后， 有 76%的油井采用裸眼完井， 21%采用筛管完井， 3% 采用射孔完井。 除裸眼完井方式外， 其余两种完井方式均须在压井条 件下完成。 在国内， 全过程欠平衡技术中的欠平衡钻井、 欠平衡起下钻、 欠 平衡取芯、 欠平衡测井等技术都已比较成熟， 而欠平衡完井技术无论 从完井工具上还是完井技术上都相当薄弱。 完井方式比较单一， 欠平 衡完井方式主要有两种。 1、 裸眼完井， 即钻至油气层上部进行下套管 固井， 再用欠平衡钻井技术打开油气层后完井； 2、下套管不固井射孔， 即利用欠平衡钻井技术打开油气层， 在欠平衡条件下入套管不固井， 直接采用射孔完井。 这两种欠平衡完井方式不利于油井的长期开发， 急需研究新的完井方式。
同欠平衡钻井技术发展水平相比， 完井施工技术和完井施工工具 上都比较落后。 一般还是采用压井的方式进行完井， 而压井可导致油 气井丧失 20%〜50%的产能， 影响了欠平衡钻井的综合效果。 主要原 因是没有一种适合在欠平衡条件下下井的筛管和与之形相适应的完井 工艺。
目前， 完井筛管的品种很多， 申请并公开的专利也很多。 有复合 金属网防砂筛管： 在钻有多孔的中心基管上套有复合金属过滤网、 及 套在复合金属过滤网外的外保护套， 并用支撑环焊接固定； 有绕丝筛 管： 直接在钻过滤孔的中心基管上缠绕上钢丝； 还有割缝筛管： 直接 在中心基管上激光割出一定宽度的缝隙， 通过缝隙的宽度来控制防砂 粒径的大小。 现有筛管的不足是： 基管壁上有孔道， 基管内外相通。 采用基管壁上有孔道、 基管内外相通的筛管不能实施欠平衡完井。
中国专利公开号 CN1891974A, 提供了一种欠平衡完井方法及完 井装置。 采用的是圆形管作基管， 在圆形管的管壁表面周围均布有轴 向槽， 轴向槽的深度在 3— 11 毫米之间。 将圆形管下放到井下， 通过 井下膨胀工具使圆形管产生膨胀塑性变形。 圆形管膨胀后， 圆形管的 管壁直径增加； 轴向槽成为近似菱形孔， 可使圆形管贴紧在井壁上实 现稳定井壁的作用。 这种圆形管的管壁内外不相通， 能实现欠平衡完 井。 但是这种圆形管的轴向槽加工困难， 制造成本高； 施工时采用使 圆形管的轴向槽胀裂开的膨胀方法， 使用的膨胀工具复杂， 需要配套 液压设备。 发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法， 在不 压井条件下， 下入筛管串， 采用筛管实现欠平衡完井， 为实现全过程 欠平衡钻井提供一种全新的完井方法。 克服 CN1891974A提供的欠平 衡完井方法使用的膨胀工具复杂， 需要配套液压设备的不足。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种欠平衡完井用的暂堵式筛管， 在 下入井筒时基管内外不相通， 用这种基管内外不相通的欠平衡完井筛 管实现欠平衡完井。 克服 CN1891974A提供的圆形管的轴向槽的加工 困难和制造成本高的不足。
本发明的目的是这样实现的， 欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法， 首 先， 将暂堵式筛管管柱下入井内； 其次， 将暂堵式筛管上的塞堵 4 盲 端凸出基管 2内壁部分磨铣或剪切除。
所述的下入井内的暂堵式筛管管柱的结构是， 自下而上连接有引 鞋 3、 暂堵式筛管， 它们是是采用接箍 1连接的。 在欠平衡条件下将暂 堵式筛管管柱下入井筒内。
暂堵式筛管管柱下入井筒内可以采用三种方式： 暂堵式筛管管柱 用套管一直连接到井口； 暂堵式筛管管柱顶端连接尾管悬挂器， 利用 尾管悬挂器将暂堵式筛管管柱悬挂在上一层套管的内壁上； 暂堵式筛 管顶端连接膨胀管， 利用膨胀工具将膨胀管膨胀座封在上一层套管的 内壁上。 暂堵式筛管管柱的连接和暂堵式筛管管柱下入井筒内， 以及 尾管悬挂和膨胀管膨胀座封， 本领域的技术人员能完成， 不详细叙述。
当暂堵式筛管管柱下入井筒内后， 通过钻杆将钻铣工具下入管柱 内， 钻铣工具如钻头、 磨鞋、 铣鞋等井下工具。 利用钻铣工具将暂堵 式筛管上的塞堵盲端凸出基管内壁部分磨铣或剪切除。 使塞堵贯通， 油气通过压盖、 筛网进入套管柱内。 将钻铣工具下入管柱内和磨铣或 剪切清除暂堵式筛管上的塞堵盲端凸出基管内壁部分， 本领域的技术 人员能完成， 不详细叙述。
所述的暂堵式筛管， 包括接箍、 基管、 引鞋、 塞堵、 筛网和压盖， 在基管的端部连接有接箍。 在基管壁上均匀分布有孔。 在所述的每个 孔内固定有塞堵。 塞堵的结构是： 塞堵为圆柱体形， 在塞堵一端有中 心孔， 中心孔为盲孔。 中心孔有台阶， 在中心孔台阶上固定有筛网。 筛网的作用是控制出砂量， 保持产量。 在中心孔开口处有压盖， 压盖 将筛网固定在中心孔的台阶上。 压盖为圆盘状， 压盖上均匀分布有通 孔。 所述塞堵的盲端凸出基管内壁。 塞堵盲端凸出基管内壁的高度在
5-6毫米之间。 塞堵盲端的壁厚度在 1.5〜3毫米之间。 塞堵靠基管内 壁一端为盲端， 在入井过程中处于封堵状态， 防止筛管柱内外泥浆相 互串通， 达到欠平衡。
塞堵的固定方式为压入并焊接。
筛网采用不锈钢材料， 防砂筛网在 100〜150目之间。
压盖与塞堵之间的固定采用悍接方式连接。
接箍用于连接多个基管， 形成筛管串， 筛管串的长度可以根据具 体井筒的油层情况和生产需求通过接箍连接， 达到需要长度。 在筛管 串的最下端通过接箍连接一个引鞋。 引鞋作用引导整个筛管串下入井 内。
在筛管加工制造时， 将塞堵、 筛网、 压盖按顺序装配在基管上的 每个孔中， 基管与压盖装配好。 在筛管串入井过程中， 由接箍连接基 管， 根据筛管串不同长度要求进行连接。 由于塞堵的一端为盲端， 能 够保证抵抗筛管内和筛管外的压差， 筛管内、 外不相通透或变形， 使 筛管串内外隔开， 保持欠平衡状态。 当需要筛管内、 外相通时， 下入 剪切工具对塞堵的盲端进行剪切， 即可实现筛管功能。 采油生产过程 中油气通过压盖、 筛网、 塞堵进入到基管的环空中内， 砂被筛网挡在 筛管外部。
附图说明：
图 1是欠平衡完井暂堵式筛管串的整体结构示意图。
图 2是图 1的横剖面示意图。
图 3是塞堵的剖面示意图。
图中： 1.接箍， 2.基管， 3.引鞋， 4.塞堵， 5.筛网， 6.压盖。
具体实施方式 ' 筛管完井方法所使用的暂堵式筛管包括接箍 1、 基管 2、 塞堵 4、 筛网 5和压盖 6， 在基管 2的端部连接有接箍 1， 在基管 2壁上均匀分 布有孔， 在所述的每个孔内固定有塞堵 4， 塞堵 4的结构是： 塞堵 4为 圆柱体形， 在塞堵 4 一端有中心孔， 中心孔为盲孔， 中心孔有台阶， 在中心孔台阶上固定有筛网 5， 在中心孔开口处有压盖 6， 压盖 6将筛 网 5固定在中心孔的台阶上， 压盖 6为圆盘状， 压盖 6上均勾分布有 通孔， 所述塞堵 4的盲端凸出基管 2内壁， 塞堵 4盲端凸出基管 2内 壁的高度在 5〜6毫米之间， 塞堵 4盲端的壁厚度在 1. 5〜3毫米之间， 塞堵 4靠基管 2内壁一端为盲端。
塞堵 4的固定方式为压入并悍接。
筛网 5采用不锈钢材料， 防砂筛网 5在 100〜150目之间。
压盖 6与塞堵 4之间的固定采用悍接方式连接。
实施例 1 : 以一口 5000米深的采用欠平衡钻井方法完成的油井，
3500 米以上井段有 技术套管固井。 需要在油井的最下端下入一段 长度为 100米的 5〃 暂堵式筛管为例，对发明欠平衡条件下的筛管完井 方法作进一步详细说明。
将引鞋 3与 5〃 暂堵式筛管用接箍 1连接，在上部再通过接箍 1连 接 5 " 暂堵式筛管， 直到暂堵式筛管总长达到 100米， 暂堵式筛管上部 与尾管悬挂器连接， 尾管悬挂器上部连接钻杆。 下入过程中暂堵式筛 管的塞堵能封隔井内压力， 使泥浆不能进入到暂堵式筛管内， 从而达 到欠平衡下入。 参阅图 1。 每根暂堵式筛管的基管 2长度为 10米， 壁 厚 13毫米， 内径 101毫米。 在基管 2壁上均匀分布有通孔。 通孔的密 度为每米 480个。 参阅图 2。 通孔的直径是 12毫米。 孔内有台阶， 外 部台阶孔的直径是 16毫米。 在每个孔内固定有一个塞堵 4。 塞堵 4的 固定方式压入并焊接。 参阅图 3。 塞堵 4的结构是： 塞堵 4为圆柱体 形， 塞堵 4外壁有台阶。 在塞堵 4一端有中心孔， 中心孔为盲孔。 中 心孔有台阶，在中心孔台阶上固定有筛网 5。在中心孔开口处有压盖 6， 压盖 6将筛网 5固定在中心孔的台阶上。 压盖 6与塞堵 4之间的固定 采用焊接结构。筛网 5采用不锈钢材料，防砂筛网 5是 120目的筛网 5。 压盖 6为圆盘状， 压盖 6上均匀分布有通孔。 所述塞堵 4的盲端凸出 基管 2内壁。 塞堵 4盲端凸出基管 2内壁的高度为 5毫米。 基管 2盲 端的壁厚度在为 2毫米。 塞堵 4靠基管 2内壁一端为盲端。
连接暂堵式筛管管柱下入井内。 暂堵式筛管管柱的连接与下入井 内的方法和操作过程， 完全相同于目前的的方法和操作过程。 有了暂 堵式筛管后， 本领域技术人员完全能完成。 具体方法是： 在欠平衡条 件下将暂堵式筛管管柱下入井筒内。 在筛管串的最下端通过接箍 1 连 接有一个长度为 0.5米的引鞋 3。 在接箍 1的上端连接一根 5 " 暂堵式 筛管， 在上部再通过接箍 1连接 9根 5 " 暂堵式筛管。 使 5〃 暂堵式筛 管的总长度达到井身设计的要求。 然后上部连接 5〃 套管一直到井口。
将暂堵式筛管上的塞堵 4盲端凸出基管 2 内壁部分磨铣清除掉。 将磨鞋与钻杆连接， 在钻具下端连接有一个磨鞋。 磨鞋的外径为 98毫 米。 通过钻杆将磨鞋下入管柱内， 利用磨鞋将暂堵式筛管上的塞堵 4 盲端凸出基管 2内壁部分磨铣清除掉。 使塞堵 4贯通， 油气通过压盖、 筛网进入管柱内。
将钻铣工具下入管柱内和磨铣清除暂堵式筛管上的塞堵 4 盲端凸 出基管 2 内壁部分， 采用的是钻井队的基本操作方法， 本领域的技术 人员能完成， 不详细叙述。
实施例 2: 实施例 2与实施例 1基本相同。 不同点是： 筛管管柱 下入井筒内采用筛管顶端连接尾管悬挂器， 利用尾管悬挂器将暂堵式 筛管管柱悬挂在上一层套管的内壁上。 具体不同点是： 当下部筛管串 连接长度达到 1500米时， 上部连接一个 7 " X 5 " 的尾管悬挂器。 7 " X 5 " 尾管悬挂器上部连接钻杆一直到井口。 利用钻杆将尾管悬挂器座 挂在 Ί " 技术套管的下端内壁上。尾管悬挂座挂过程和方法已经使用几 十年， 本领域的技术人员能完成， 不详细叙述。
实施例 3: 实施例 3与实施例 1基本相同。 不同点是： 筛管管柱下 入井筒内采用筛管顶端连接膨胀管， 利用膨胀工具将膨胀管膨胀座封 在上一层套管的内壁上。 具体不同点是： 当下部筛管串连接长度达到 1500米时， 上部连接 1.3米的 5〃 膨胀管和膨胀工具。 5 " 膨胀管上部 连接钻杆一直到井口。然后利用膨胀工具将膨胀管座挂在 7 " 技术套管 的下端内壁上。 膨胀管膨胀座封 （座挂） 过程和方法已经使用多年， 本领域的技术人员能完成， 不详细叙述。
工业实用性
欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法， 采用暂堵式筛管管柱， 筛管管柱 内与管柱外环空不相通， 解决了欠平衡钻井后使用筛管来实现欠平衡 完井的技术难题。 在欠平衡状态下下入筛管过程与欠平衡状态下下入 普通套管相同。 完成下筛管后， 用钻铣工具磨铣或剪切清除暂堵式筛 管上的塞堵盲端凸出基管内壁部分， 使塞堵贯通， 油气能进入筛管柱 内。
下筛管柱的过程中筛管柱是暂时密闭的， 打开塞堵的暂堵部分， 使塞堵贯通， 油气能进入筛管柱内。

Claims

权利要求
1、 一种欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法， 其特征是： 首先， 将暂堵 式筛管管柱下入井内； 其次， 将暂堵式筛管上的塞堵 (4)盲端凸出基管 (2)内壁部分磨铣或剪切清除。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法， 其特征 是： 所述的下入井内的暂堵式筛管管柱的结构是， 自下而上连接有引 鞋 (3)、 暂堵式筛管， 它们采用接箍（1)连接， 在欠平衡条件下下入井 筒内；
当暂堵式筛管管柱下入井筒内后， 通过钻杆将钻铣工具下入管柱 内， 钻铣工具如钻头、 磨鞋、 铣鞋等井下工具， 利用钻铣工具将暂堵 式筛管上的塞堵 (4)盲端凸出基管 (2)内壁部分磨铣或剪切清除。
3、 根据权利要求 2所述的欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法， 其特征 是： 暂堵式筛管管柱用套管一直连接到井口。
4、 根据权利要求 2所述的欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法， 其特征 是： 筛管顶端连接尾管悬挂器， 利用尾管悬挂器将暂堵式筛管管柱悬 挂在上一层套管的内壁上。
5、 根据权利要求 2所述的欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法， 其特征 是： 筛管顶端连接膨胀管， 利用膨胀工具将膨胀管膨胀座封在上一层 套管的内壁上。
6、 一种权利要求 1所述的欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法所使用的 暂堵式筛管， 其特征是： 包括接箍（1)、 基管（2)、 塞堵（4)、 筛网（5) 和压盖 (6)， 在基管（2)的端部连接有接箍（1)， 在基管（2)壁上均匀分 布有孔， 在所述的每个孔内固定有塞堵（4)， 塞堵（4)的结构是： 塞堵 (4)为圆柱体形， 在塞堵（4)一端有中心孔， 中心孔为盲孔， 中心孔有 台阶， 在中心孔台阶上固定有筛网（5)， 在中心孔开口处有压盖（6)，
¾ 压盖 (6)将筛网（5)固定在中心孔的台阶上，压盖 (6)为圆盘状，压盖（6) 上均匀分布有通孔， 所述塞堵 (4)的盲端凸出基管 (2)内壁， 塞堵 (4)盲 端凸出基管（2)内壁的高度在 5〜6毫米之间， 塞堵 (4)盲端的壁厚度在 1. 5〜3毫米之间， 塞堵（4)靠基管（2)内壁一端为盲端。
7、 根据权利要求 6所述的欠平衡完井的暂堵式筛管， 其特征是： 塞堵 (4)的固定方式为压入并悍接。
8、 根据权利要求 6所述的欠平衡完井的暂堵式筛管， 其特征是： 筛网（5)采用不锈钢材料， 防砂筛网（5)在 100〜150目之间。
9、 根据权利要求 6所述的欠平衡完井的暂堵式筛管， 其特征是： 压盖 (6)与塞堵 (4)之间的固定采用悍接方式连接。
PCT/CN2009/001033 2008-12-17 2009-09-15 欠平衡条件下的筛管完井方法及暂堵式筛管 WO2010069117A1 (zh)

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