Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
  • F03B7/00—Water wheels
  • F03B7/006—Water wheels of the endless-chain type
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
  • F03B9/00—Endless-chain machines or engines
  • F03B9/005—Endless-chain machines or engines with buckets receiving the liquid
• • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
  • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
  • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
  • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy

Definitions

• the invention relates to a micro hydropower plant for the use of hydropower, comprising at least one circulating in a circumferential direction traction means, which is arranged on at least two pulleys and this drives, an inlet through which the micro-hydropower plant water can be fed and a power transmission area, in the flow energy or Kinetic potential of the water is transmitted to a plurality of, arranged on the rotating traction means and having a baffle guiding elements.
• micro-hydropower plant Such a micro-hydropower plant is known from DE 299 12 835 Ul. Generic micro-hydropower plants are used to gain power from flowing or falling waters between 5 and 100 kW. It is omitted for reasons of environmental protection on turbines. Generic micro-hydropower plants should in fact be used where the environment should be influenced as little as possible. In particular, living in the water animals such. B. crabs and fish the micro-hydropower plant can happen as uninjured. For this it is necessary, on the one hand, that the mechanical components passing in contact with the water, in particular the guide elements, move relatively slowly; on the other hand, the smallest opening cross-section of the micro-hydropower plant must be large enough so that even larger fish are not crushed in the micro-hydropower plant. Even larger fish can be caught at a rake.
• the micro-hydropower plant has an inlet through which water can be supplied to the micro-hydropower plant. It thereby passes into a power transmission area, in which the transfer of hydropower to the traction means takes place.
• a plurality of baffles having a baffle surface are arranged on the traction means, generates a running in the direction of the rotating traction means flow and the weight force acting in the direction of rotation force on the traction means.
• this force acting in the direction of rotation is applied to a deflection wheel, at which the mechanical power can be tapped off, transfer.
• the mechanical power is in the form of a torque-dependent rotation of the deflection wheel.
• Micro-hydropower plants are technically displacement units.
• a high-pressure space is to be separated from a low-pressure space in a fluid-tight manner and the water in the present invention to move a mechanical element into motion.
• the high pressure chamber is in the case of a micro hydropower plant water from a geodetically higher level or a higher kinetic potential, the low pressure space water at a low level bwz. a lower kinetic potential.
• the high pressure chamber is spatially separated from the low pressure space and convert the pressure drop into a mechanical power. The separation and conversion takes place in the power transmission area through the guide elements. These are guided in the power transmission area in a housing which encloses the guide elements.
• the guide elements act together with the housing as a separation between the pressure chamber and the low-pressure chamber.
• a conflict of goals between a low-friction guidance on the one hand and a good sealing effect on the other must be resolved by a compromise is found.
• the injury potential for animals located in the water must additionally be reduced and the noise emissions arising during operation must be reduced.
• micro-hydropower plants of the above-mentioned type the potential for injury to animals promoted by the micro-hydropower plant is still relatively high.
• the animals can be easily caught and injured in traction means, which are frequently designed as chains.
• traction means which are frequently designed as chains.
• an increased risk of entrapment since quite narrow gaps arise between relatively movable parts. It is distinguished between mitbewegten parts and stationary parts.
• animals can be crushed in the area of the micro-hydropower station where the vanes dip into the power transfer area.
• outgoing micro-hydroelectric power plants are still too high.
• the object of the present invention is to improve a micro-hydropower plant of the type mentioned above in that the efficiency is increased and the injury potential for animals, which are promoted by the micro-hydropower plant, is reduced.
• the abovementioned object is achieved on the basis of a micro-hydropower plant of the type mentioned at the outset in that a section extending upstream from the baffle surface is arranged on a side of the guide elements that is located in the direction of rotation.
• the upwardly extending portion results in an increase in the efficiency of the guide elements, because the incident on the baffle water can be intercepted in the inner edge regions of the arranged here section. This causes the amount of water that is lost in the power transfer area in the form of leakage and that can not be used to be reduced. This results in an increase in the efficiency result.
• the baffle surface is a flat, formed in the guide element one or more parts surface which transmits a pressurized force with water, a force on the traction means in the direction of pressurization.
• the sides of the guide elements which lie on the right and left with respect to the direction of rotation also have an upstream section. This will be the Efficiency of the power plant while reducing the injury potential for animals further increased because a larger proportion of parts of the mitbewegten parts heard.
• the sections lying on the guide elements with respect to the direction of rotation are higher than the sections lying outside in the direction of rotation.
• the height h, the inner portions is selected so that the inner portions of a guide element located on a revolving wheel protrude to an underside of a respective subsequent guide element. This ensures that act at the inlet, the guide elements to be filled as a mutual seal.
• the efficiency of the micro-hydropower plant is additionally increased.
• the sealing effect may be additionally increased by providing an additional seal made of a resilient material disposed at an upper edge of the inner portions.
• portions are arranged around the entire circumference of a guide element, so that in cooperation with the baffles an upwardly open vessel is formed.
• upstream upstanding side portions are formed, which are designed so that in the region of the deflection with the lower sides of the respectively arranged above the guide elements substantially complete fluid-tight.
• guide elements are essentially planar elements meant, where as described above sections can be arranged.
• the baffle and the sections of the guide elements made of plastic, whereby the weight of the guide elements can be kept low. It has been found that a reduction of the circulating weight, ie a reduction in the weight of the traction means and the guide elements arranged thereon, has a positive effect on the efficiency of the micro-hydropower plant. As a result, the forces acting on the traction means are reduced. In addition, reducing the weight of the vanes causes them to induce lower frictional forces than heavy vanes when they are vibrated transversely to the direction of rotation and, as a result, strike the casing.
• a major loss source in the prior art was the leakage at the outer boundaries of the vanes.
• the guide elements are arranged on a housing which tightly encloses the guide elements, at least in the power transmission area, and form containers open at the top with the housing. So that the smallest possible mechanical friction arises between the guide elements and the housing, the guide elements are slightly spaced from the boundary defined by the housing.
• the water can flow downstream of the vanes downstream, without water power was transferred to a guide element.
• the water that has become lost still transfers energy to the respectively downstream guide element.
• a micro-hydropower plant at least two traction means are assigned. These two traction means are advantageously outside the guide elements, particularly preferably outside of the housing.
• the inlet is arranged geodetically above the power receiving area.
• the guide elements are thus always filled from above with water, whereby the problem of beating on the water surface guide elements is repealed.
• the guide elements can now fill steadily and smoothly with water, a hard impact does not occur on a water surface.
• the injury potential of the animals located in the water is reduced because they can no longer be detected by immersed in the water guide elements.
• the noise emissions of the micro-hydropower plant are reduced.
• the inlet in a housing section is designed so that the region of the inlet, which is not covered by the guide elements, tapers downstream as an upper housing section increasingly approaches the circulating guide elements downstream.
• the tapered region merges continuously and without edges into the power transmission region, in which the guide elements, in cooperation with the housing section, form an upwardly open container.
• the guide elements are symmetrical in cross-section with respect to the plane defined by the rotating traction means levels. This ensures that the water resting on the guide elements generates no moment about the guide element longitudinal axis, which would have a negative effect on the traction means.
• it is not absolutely necessary to use a traction device. Due to the fact that se of the vanes no moment arises when a water load rests on them, the stabilizing effect of a designed as a chain traction means is not mandatory. It can therefore be used to transfer the power to the planetary gears and a belt, belt or the like. This has the particular advantage that does not occur in chain drives in appearance polygonal effect.
• the guide elements are essentially formed from four sections. These can be welded together, but they can also be formed from an unshaped sheet metal. According to this embodiment, two sheet metal sections each form the baffle surface and on each of these ends the inner or outer sections are arranged. In the middle of the baffle surface means for penetrating the housing are arranged by a sealing gap and attachment to the rotating traction means according to an advantageous embodiment of the invention. Additional advantages arise when these means for attaching the guide elements to the traction means allow easy replacement of the guide elements. This is on the one hand during assembly, on the other hand when replacing defective vanes advantageous.
• the housing in the sealing gap, in which the means for connecting the guide elements with the traction device penetrate the housing an additional seal, which allows the means for attaching the guide elements on the traction means, this partially penetrate.
• the seal may be formed by an elastomer, rubber or rubber seal. It is thereby achieved that the upwardly open container, which form the guide elements in cooperation with the housing, is better sealed, so that the largest possible amount of water can be brought from a higher to a lower level and in this case the kinetic and potential energy of the water can be transferred to the traction means.
• the micro-hydropower plant is modular. It is advantageous if the traction means and the guide elements in any length or number to standard deflecting can be arranged.
• modular housing construction is meant that there is at least one inlet module forming the inlet and having an arrangement for receiving an upper deflection roller, and one or more power transmission modules essentially forming the power transmission section and a drain module accommodating the lower deflection roller and the bottom housing portion forms. The required at the site height of the micro-hydropower plant can be adjusted by the number of power transmission modules.
• FIG. 1 a perspective view of a micro-hydropower plant with line elements arranged in an inlet and a power transmission area, which are connected to a circulating traction means;
• FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a section through a micro-hydropower plant
• FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the region labeled "x" in FIG. 2, which shows a guide element in the sectional side view, and FIG.
• Figure 4 a perspective view of a micro-hydropower plant with respect to the embodiment shown in Figure 1 embodiment modified vanes with side portions.
• FIG. 1 shows a perspective view of a micro-hydropower plant 10 with an inlet 28, a power transmission area 30 in a partially open housing 26, which has the view of arranged in the housing 26 guide elements 14th releases.
• the housing 26 of the micro-hydropower plant 10 will also have a cover on the left-hand side in FIG.
• the guide elements 14 are arranged on a traction means 24, which is arranged around an upper deflection roller 34 and a lower deflection roller 36 in a circumferential direction.
• a mechanical power is made available by it, for example, an electric generator is operated.
• clutches, brakes and gears which ensure the speed of the generator to the rotational speed of the pulleys 34, 36 and with which the micro-hydropower plant in an emergency and maintenance can also be stopped.
• the guide elements 14 have a baffle 16, which are formed essentially of two planar baffle surface sections.
• the two baffle sections may be flat.
• the baffle portions may alternatively be concave shaped.
• a concave shape has the advantage that an edge-free transition can be formed from the one baffle surface section into the other baffle surface section.
• the baffle 16 is assigned two sections 18, 20.
• the pulling means 24 connected to the guide elements 14 is loaded with a circumferential force.
• the circumferential force causes a rotation of the deflection roller 34, 36.
• the area in which the majority of the water volume causes the structure of the circumferential force on the traction means 24 is referred to as the power transmission area 30.
• the guide elements 14 are arranged within the housing 26.
• the deflection rollers 34, 36 and the traction means 24 are arranged outside the housing 26.
• the guide elements 14 are mechanically connected to the traction means 24.
• the mechanical connection penetrates a sealing gap 12 of the housing 26.
• a rubber seal but also a labyrinth seal can be provided.
• the seal in the sealing gap 12 causes water from the inlet or the power transmission area 30 can not pass through the housing 26 to the outside.
• the housing 26 is modular.
• the embodiments shown in FIG. 1 have the housing 26 an inlet module 38, three power transmission modules 40 and a drain module 42.
• the existing at the construction site of the micro-hydropower plant 10 level difference between an upper water surface and a lower water surface can be used optimally, are installed in the more or less power transmission modules 40 to compensate for the height difference.
• the outlet 32 is located on the same side as the inlet 28.
• the drain 32 can also be done on the inlet 28 opposite sides of the micro-hydropower plant 10.
• the inlet 28 merges into the power transmission area 30 in a region 46 that tapers in a partially sickle-shaped manner.
• FIG. 2 shows in a sectional view a micro-hydropower plant 10 with a circulating traction means 24 and guide elements 16 arranged thereon.
• the partially sickle-shaped region 46 of the inlet is highlighted in FIG. 2 in a dotted area.
• water can be introduced into the micro-hydropower plant 10.
• the power transmission area 30 the kinetic energy of the water is converted into a mechanical power.
• the guide elements 14 After the guide elements 14 have been flooded with water from above in the region of the inlet 28, the guide elements 14, in cooperation with the housing 26, form a substantially watertight container on which the flow force or the weight force of the water acts. It can be clearly seen in FIG. 2 that the height h 1 of the inner sections 18 is greater than the height h a of the outer sections 20.
• the height h i is selected so that the upper edge of the inner sections 18 is in the region of Pulleys 34, 36 almost touching the respective overlying vanes 14. This has the advantage that in the area of the upper deflection roller 36, water supplied only reaches the guide elements 14 and not the other surrounding housing 26.
• FIG. 2 shows the radius r, between a rotation axis of the upper deflection roller 34 and the movement path described by the inner boundary of the guide elements during operation.
• the distance a between two guide elements in a section in which the guide elements are moved translationally is dimensioned with the letter a.
• the height of the section h must be adapted to an inner radius r, and at a distance a between the guide elements 14, so that the inner portions in the region of the guide roller 34, 36 terminate with the undersides of the respective subsequent guide elements.
• FIG. 3 shows an enlarged view of the area marked "x" in FIG. 2. It can be seen in the enlargement that the guide elements 14 in FIG the areas in which the surface portions forming the baffle surface 16 in the sections 18, 20 pass, may be rounded. When using a formed sheet, this rounding can be provided in a forming step. In an alternative embodiment, the guide elements may be formed completely or only partially from plastic.
• FIG. 4 shows in a perspective view a micro-hydropower plant 10 with guide elements 14 modified relative to the micro-hydropower plant 10 shown in FIG. 1.
• side walls 44 projecting upwardly on the right and left sides of the baffles 16 also have side sections 44 projecting relative to the direction of rotation , It can thereby be achieved that water conducted through the inlet 28 onto the guide elements 14 remains in the guide elements 14 and can not reach the region of the returning guide elements 14. It is reduced by this measure, the leakage.
• the guide elements are additionally sealed laterally, since the guide elements in cooperation with the housing 26 already form an upwardly open, but downwardly substantially closed container.
• the efficiency of the micro-hydropower plant 10 can be further increased by the arrangement of the above-mentioned side sections, because it passes on the one hand more water in the power transmission area 30 and is used effectively, on the other hand leakage can not from the top of the Returning, highly promoted guide elements 14 meet and slow them down.
• the proportion of moving parts is increased, which reduces the risk of injury to animals.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Hydraulic Turbines (AREA)
• Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

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Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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Citations (5)

• 2008
  • 2008-12-04 DE DE102008060230A patent/DE102008060230A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2008-12-04 DE DE202008017269U patent/DE202008017269U1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
• 2009
  • 2009-12-04 EP EP09771741A patent/EP2373880A2/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-12-04 CN CN2009801490363A patent/CN102239329A/zh active Pending
  • 2009-12-04 WO PCT/EP2009/066432 patent/WO2010063838A2/de active Application Filing
  • 2009-12-04 BR BRPI0917042A patent/BRPI0917042A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation

Patent Citations (5)

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