WO2010060008A1 - Agent de coalescence sans cov - Google Patents

Agent de coalescence sans cov Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010060008A1
WO2010060008A1 PCT/US2009/065453 US2009065453W WO2010060008A1 WO 2010060008 A1 WO2010060008 A1 WO 2010060008A1 US 2009065453 W US2009065453 W US 2009065453W WO 2010060008 A1 WO2010060008 A1 WO 2010060008A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
film
forming composition
water
fatty acid
forming
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PCT/US2009/065453
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English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Lynch
Wilbur Mardis
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Elementis Specialties, Inc.
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Publication of WO2010060008A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010060008A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
    • C09D7/40—Additives
    • C09D7/47—Levelling agents
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00—Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04—Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/10—Esters; Ether-esters

Definitions

  • Aqueous dispersions and emulsions of water-insoluble polymers for use as paints, sealants, caulks, adhesives or other coatings are well-known, widely-used articles of commerce.
  • the effectiveness of the dispersion in forming a film after the polymer dispersion has been deposited upon a surface depends upon the glass transition temperature of the dispersed polymer and the temperature at which the film is allowed to form.
  • Coalescent aids have been used in such aqueous dispersions to soften, i.e., plasticize, ideally temporarily, the dispersed polymer phase and facilitate the formation of a continuous film with optimum film properties once the water has evaporated.
  • the coalescent aid also promotes subsequent improvements in film properties by coalescing the water-insoluble polymers and forming an integral film at ambient temperatures. Without the coalescent aid, the films may crack and fail to adhere to the substrate surface when dry.
  • Coalescent aids also known as coalescing solvents or simply coalescents, are particularly helpful in assisting in film formation at temperatures below the glass transition temperature of the dispersed polymer.
  • coalescent aids Two of the more widely used coalescent aids are ethylene glycol monobutyl ether (Butyl CELLOSOL VE®, Dow Chemical) and 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3 pentanediol monobutyrate (TEXANOL®, Eastman Kodak). While Butyl CELLOSOL VE® and TEXANOL® are useful in facilitating film formation of coatings formulated with water insoluble polymers with high glass transition temperatures and are even useful in facilitating film formation of coatings with low glass transition temperatures if they are being applied at a temperature that is lower than ambient temperature which is higher than the glass transition temperature of the coating, they are relatively volatile and, as a result, are currently classified as VOCs (volatile organic compounds) in the US.
  • VOCs volatile organic compounds
  • the present invention includes a film-forming composition including a coalescent aid which comprises fatty acid esters of ethylene glycol and/or propylene glycol of Formula I:
  • a film-forming composition includes one or more additives selected from wetting aids, dispersants, thickeners, defoaming agents, algicides, ultra-violet inhibitors, flow agents, leveling agents, rheology modifiers, freeze thaw stabilizing agents, pH modifiers, flash rust inhibitors, and biocides.
  • the film-forming composition may also include pigments to impart hiding and/or color, and fillers such as talc, calcium carbonate, or clays.
  • the film-forming composition comprises a mixture of coalescent aids and the fatty acid ester of Formula I is at least about 5 wt. % of the mixture. In other embodiments, the fatty acid ester of Formula I is greater than 50% of the coalescent aids. In a further embodiment, the fatty acid ester of Formula I comprises all of the coalescent aid. In certain embodiments, the film-forming composition contains at least about 20 wt. % water. In some embodiments, the film-forming composition contains at least about 20 wt. % water, at least about 10 wt. % dispersed polymer, and the weight of the fatty acid ester of Formula I is about 0.1% to about 50% of the weight of the dispersed polymer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
  • Figure 1 illustrates the change in minimum film forming temperature as a function of coalescent concentration for an inventive composition and prior art composition
  • Figure 2 illustrates the decrease in minimum film forming temperature for an inventive composition and prior art composition
  • Figure 3 illustrates the change in minimum film forming temperature as a function of coalescent concentration for an inventive composition and prior art composition
  • Figure 4 illustrates the gloss value versus concentration of coalescent for an inventive composition and prior art compositions
  • Figure 5 illustrates the gloss value versus concentration of coalescent for an inventive composition and prior art compositions
  • Figure 6 illustrates the gloss value versus concentration of coalescent for an inventive composition and prior art compositions
  • Figure 7 illustrates the gloss value versus concentration of coalescent for an inventive composition and prior art compositions
  • Figure 8 illustrates the gloss value versus concentration of coalescent for an inventive composition and prior art compositions.
  • Figure 9 illustrates the gloss value versus concentration of coalescent for an inventive composition and prior art compositions.
  • the water-based film-forming compositions of the present invention generally contain a continuous aqueous phase and a polymeric film-forming phase. In general, they may be formulated to function as paint, sealant, caulk, adhesive or other coating. Thus, these film-forming compositions may have a wide range of viscosities, e.g., from about 50 to about 100,000 centipoise; paints, sealants and similar coatings typically have a viscosity from about 50 to about 10,000 centipoise, caulks typically have a viscosity from about 5,000 to about 1,000,000 centipoise, and adhesives typically have a viscosity from about 50 to about 50,000 centipoise.
  • viscosities e.g., from about 50 to about 100,000 centipoise
  • paints, sealants and similar coatings typically have a viscosity from about 50 to about 10,000 centipoise
  • caulks typically have a viscosity from about 5,000 to about
  • a water-based film-forming polymer means a film-forming polymer which is dissolved, dispersed or emulsified in water.
  • the continuous aqueous phase comprises at least about 10 wt % water with the amount of water depending upon the application.
  • paints, sealants and similar coating compositions have at least about 10 wt % water and may contain about 20 wt % to about 80 wt % water with differing amounts being used for textured, high gloss, semi-gloss, flat, etc. coatings.
  • caulks have at least about 10 wt % water and may contain about 10 wt % to about 50 wt % water with differing amounts being used for different caulk applications.
  • adhesives range from about 10 wt % to about 80 wt % water and may contain about 40 wt % to about 60 wt % water with differing amounts being used for different adhesive applications.
  • the continuous aqueous phase may optionally include one or more water-soluble volatile organic solvents, i.e., substituted hydrocarbon solvents.
  • volatile organic solvents shall be defined as those that have a boiling point of about 250 °C or less, or a boiling range beginning at about 250 °C or less.
  • 3-5 wt. % of ethylene glycol or another glycol may be included for freeze-thaw protection.
  • the proportion of water-soluble volatile organic solvents is minimized; that is, the continuous aqueous phase may contain less than about 20 wt. % volatile organic solvent, less than about 10 wt. % volatile organic solvent, or less than about 5 wt.
  • volatile organic solvent based upon the weight of the continuous aqueous phase and exclusive of any amount which may be present in a micelle or other dispersed phase or material.
  • the volatile organic solvent content is negligible, less than about 0.1 wt %, in some embodiments.
  • the dispersed phase comprises a water-based film-forming polymer and, optionally, one or more additives.
  • the dispersed phase, including the water-based film-forming polymer constitutes no more than about 90 wt % of the film forming composition with the amount of dispersed phase depending upon the application.
  • paints, sealants and similar coating compositions have no more than about 90 wt % dispersed phase and may contain about 20 wt % to about 80 wt % dispersed phase with differing amounts being used for textured, high gloss, semi-gtoss, flat, etc. coatings.
  • caulks have no more than about 90 wt % dispersed phase and may contain about 75 wt % to about 90 wt % dispersed phase with differing amounts being used for different caulk applications.
  • adhesives range from about 20 wt % to about 90 wt % dispersed phase and may contain about 40 wt % to about 60 wt % dispersed phase with differing amounts being used for different adhesive applications.
  • the dispersed polymer is insoluble in the aqueous phase and is otherwise suitable for use in water borne film-forming compositions. Because in some embodiments the dispersed polymer is the component which coalesces to form the desired film, the film-forming composition may comprise at least about 10 wt. %, at least about IS wt. %, and some applications at least about 20 wt. % of a coalescible dispersed polymer.
  • suitable dispersed polymers are generally of high molecular weight (e.g, greater than about 60,000 Daltons for a typical film-forming latex resin).
  • they may be either of the addition type, in particular a polymer or copolymer of one or more ⁇ , ⁇ -ethylenically unsaturated monomers, or of the condensation type, for example, a polyester or a polyamide.
  • Suitable water-based film-forming polymers of the addition type may include the polymerization and copolymerization products of styrene, vinyl acetate, vinyl toluene, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, butadiene, vinyl hydrocarbons, acrylonitrile, acrylic acid and esters thereof (hereinafter “acrylates”), and methacrylic acid and esters thereof (hereinafter “methacrylates”) containing monomers.
  • Suitable condensation type water-based film- forming polymers may include epoxy, urethane, hydrocarbon, silicone, nitrocellulose, polyester, and alkyd polymers.
  • particularly suitable water-based film-forming polymers include acrylates, methacrylates, styrene and vinyl acetate and mixtures thereof.
  • suitable water-based film-forming polymers include the polymerizates or copolymerizates of one or more of the following: acrylates such as ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, as well as other acrylates, methacrylates, styrene and vinyl acetate.
  • the water-based film-forming polymer comprises a latex formulation.
  • the film forming compositions are comprised of thermoplastic polymers; in these compositions, films may be formed by evaporation of the water.
  • the film forming compositions are comprised of crosslinkable formulations; these formulations may be comprised of crosslinking agents and water-based film-forming polymers or self-crosslinking water-based film-forming polymers.
  • dispersed polymers are more readily coalesced than polymers dispersed as larger particles. Accordingly, in some embodiments, dispersed polymers have a particle size of about 3 micrometers or less. For example, for latex resins, in some embodiments approximately 90 wt. % of the latex particles will have a size less than about 0.2 micrometers.
  • the film forming composition further comprises a coalescent aid (or solvent) which may be in the continuous phase, the dispersed phase, or partitioned between them.
  • the coalescent aid of this invention is used in latex, also known as emulsion systems.
  • these coalescent aids may also find application in other systems such as those based on but not limited to alkyds, epoxies, nitrocellulose, and urethanes.
  • the amount of coalescent aid needed to assist in film formation depends on the viscosity of the film-forming composition, the temperature at which the composition is being applied, the glass transition temperature of the film-former, and the minimum film formation temperature of the film-former.
  • the amount of coalescent will be proportional to the amount and type of water-based film- forming polymer used with ratios in the range of about 0.1 wt % to about 50 wt. % (based upon the weight of the dry film forming polymer), about 0.1 wt % to about 40 wt. % (based upon the weight of the dry film forming polymer), about 0.1 wt % to about 25 wt.
  • the coalescent aid may be in the continuous phase, in the dispersed phase, or partitioned between the two. Depending upon the type and amount of surfactants included in the film-forming composition, a fraction of the fatty acid ester coalescent aid may additionally be emulsified in the continuous aqueous phase and found in micelles along with surfactant.
  • the film-forming composition of the present invention may also contain various conventional additives which may be in the dispersed and/or continuous phases.
  • additives may include but are not limited to thickening agents such as hydroxyethyl cellulose sold by Aqualon under the trade designation Natrasol 250 and thickeners sold under the trade designation RHEOLATE® associative thickeners by Elementis Specialties, pH modifiers such as ammonium hydroxide and N,N-dimethyl ethanolamine, defoaming agents such as mineral oil or silicone oils, wetting agents such as a nonionic surfactant sold by AKZO under the trade designation Interwet 43 and a nonionic surfactant sold by Dow Chemical under the trade designation Triton X-IOO, algicides such as organotin compounds and tetrachloroisophthalonitrile, fungicides such as tributyl tin oxide, and 3-iodo-2-propynyl butyl carbamate, dispersants such as
  • Additional additives may include driers such as cobalt driers carboxylate salts (0.0 to 0.15 wt. % Co based on the coalescent aid) and manganese driers carboxylate salts (0.0 to 0.15 wt. % based on the coalescent aid), accelerators such as 1,10-phenanthroline (0 to 0.2% based on the coalescent aid) and 2,2-bipyridine (0 to 0.2% based on the coalescent aid), and anti-skinning agents such as butanone oxime (0 I Ib/ 100 gal formulation). When present and depending upon the application for the film-forming composition, in some embodiments these additives will not constitute more than about 10 wt. % of the film-forming composition and may constitute about 3 wt.
  • driers such as cobalt driers carboxylate salts (0.0 to 0.15 wt. % Co based on the coalescent aid) and manganese driers carboxylate salts (0.0 to 0.15 wt. %
  • the film forming compositions of this invention will contain pigments or dyes (ink application) to impart hiding and color to the applied film, and/or fillers such as talc, calcium carbonate, kaolin clays, etc.
  • the film-forming composition may be formed by conventional methods used to prepare paints, adhesives, except that the ester of the present invention is substituted, at least in part, for a conventional coalescent aid.
  • the resulting film-forming composition may easily be applied conventionally using a brush, roller, air or airless spray or like means and requires no unusual methods of drying to form the desired film.
  • films formed from the composition of the present invention may be dried under ambient conditions or baked at elevated temperature.
  • the film-forming composition may be applied to a variety of materials.
  • coalescent aids including fatty acid esters of propylene glycol corresponding to Formula (I):
  • R 1 CO is a linear or branched, saturated aliphatic acyl group
  • EO is - CH 2 CH 2 O-
  • PO is -CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O- Or-CH(CH 3 )CH 2 O-- or a combination thereof
  • the acyl radical is bonded to a carbon atom of the EO or PO radical
  • x 0 to about S
  • y about 0 to about 5
  • the sum of x and y is equal or greater than 0.5
  • z l to about 5
  • (x + y)z is less than or equal to 6.
  • x, y, and z are average values for the composition.
  • R 1 contains 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
  • R 1 contains 9 to 15 carbon atoms, In some other such embodiment, R 1 comprises at least about 80% C 11 - C 13 ; at least about 90% C 11 - C 13 ; at least about 95% C 11 - Cu; or at least about 98% C 11 - C 13 .
  • R 1 CO has the same meaning as defined for Formula (I)
  • PO stands for -CH 2 CH(CH 3 )O-- and/or -CH(CH 3 )CH 2 O-, where the acyl radical is bonded to a carbon atom of the EO or PO radical
  • n is a number from 0.5 to 5. In some embodiments, n is a number from 0.8 tol .
  • coalescent aids of Formulas (I) or (II) may be prepared either by esterif ⁇ cation of the fatty acids with the appropriate glycol or preferably by ethoxylation, propoxylation or propoxylation/ethoxylation of fatty acids.
  • the acids may be derived from natural or synthetic sources. Suitable natural sources include naturally occurring oils such as palm oil, palm kernel oil, coconut oil, and other such oils. The desired fatty acids may also be obtained as a minor fraction from other naturally occurring oils.
  • the fatty acid ester of Formulas (I) or (II) may be prepared by ethoxylation, propoxylation or ethoxylation/propoxylation reactions OfR 1 COOH wherein the reactions are carried out in the presence of a catalyst.
  • Suitable catalysts include, for instance: basic catalysts such as sodium and potassium hydroxides and alkoxides, amines; alkanolamines including but not limited to monoethanolamine, diethanolamine and triethanolamine; acids such as mineral acids including hydrochloric acid and sulfuric acid, and Lewis acids such as chromium carboxylates, stannic chloride and boron trifluoride.
  • the alkanolamines are used in quantities of 0.1 to 5% by weight and in quantities of 0.5 to 3.0% by weight, based on the fatty acids. Synthesis of a fatty acid ester is described in U.S. Patent No. 6,300,508, which is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety.
  • the ethoxylation and/or propoxylation reactions are carried out using a phosphorus-containing catalyst, still more preferably a phosphine, and most preferably triphenylphosphine.
  • the ethoxylation, propoxylation and/or ethoxylation/propoxylation reaction may be carried out in a known manner.
  • the fatty acid and the catalyst may be introduced into a stirred autoclave which is freed from traces of water before the reaction by alternate evacuation and purging with nitrogen.
  • the fatty acid may then be reacted with the ethylene oxide, propylene oxide or with the ethylene oxide/propylene oxide mixture in a molar ratio of 1 :0.5 to 1 :5 which may be introduced into the autoclave in portions through a siphon tube after heating.
  • the fatty acids may be reacted with less than or equal to 5 moles of ethylene oxide or propylene oxide or with less than or equal to 6 moles of the mixture of ethylene oxide and propylene oxide.
  • the reaction may be carried out at temperatures of 80 to 180 °C or in some embodiments 100 to 160 °C under autogenous pressures of 1 to 5 bar and in some embodiments 2 to 3 bar.
  • the reaction mixture may be stirred for a certain time (15-90 mins.) at the reaction temperature in order to complete the reaction.
  • the autoclave may then be cooled, vented and, if desired, acids, for example, lactic acid or phosphoric acid, may be added to the product to neutralize the basic catalyst.
  • the fatty acid ester component comprises about 80% of the reaction mixture, about 90% of the reaction mixture, about 95% of the reaction mixture, or about 99% of the reaction mixture.
  • the ester component of the reaction mixture comprises about 80%, about 90%, about 95%, or about 99% of the monoester (i.e., formula (I) or (II)) of the analogous glycol.
  • the diester content that is, the product in which both hydroxyls of the glycol are esterified
  • the coalescent aid may contain the starting fatty acid at concentrations of up to about 50 wt%; up to about 40 wt%; up to about 30 wt%; up to about 20 wt%; up to about 15 wt%; up to about 10 wt%; up to about 5 wt%; or up to about 1 wt%.
  • the coalescent aid contains a diester.
  • the diester may be of the formula R'COO ⁇ O ⁇ PO ⁇ zCOOR 1 .
  • the coalescent aid contains less than about 1% diester; less than about 3% diester; less than about 5% diester; less than about 10% diester; or less than 20% diester.
  • PGML Propylene Glycol Monolaurate
  • GC Gas Chromatography
  • PGDL Propylene Glycol Dilaurate
  • the PGML-I used in Examples 1-7 was obtained from the direct esterification of Why Acid with propylene glycol.
  • the product was vacuum distilled to obtain the purified propylene glycol monolaurate.
  • GC analysis showed the product to be 96% pure and free of Propylene Glycol Dilaurate.
  • the material was prepared as follows: [0049] A 250 mL 4-neck flask was fitted with a Dean/Stark trap and condenser, a thermocouple, a nitrogen inlet and outlet, and a magnetic stir bar. 77.5 grams of Why Acid (98%, TCI America) and 117.8 grams of 1 ,2-propanediol (99%, AIdrich) were added to the flask.
  • the PGML-2 used in Examples 8 and 12 was obtained by fractional distillation of the crude product resulting from the base catalyzed reaction of propylene oxide and lauric acid. It contains 94% PGML and 6% Lauric Acid.
  • the catalyst was potassium laurate, generated in situ from lauric acid and potassium methoxide.
  • the crude product was prepared as follows:
  • a 5 L autoclave was charged with 590 grams lauric acid and 3.4 grams Potassium methanolate (32.5% active content). The vessel was sparged with nitrogen and heated to 160 °C for 30 minutes to remove all methanol. 175 grams of propylene oxide (PO) were added over 40 minutes at 155-160 °C while keeping the pressure below 5 bar. After addition of all PO, the reaction mixture was heated for 1 hour. Any unreacted propylene oxide was removed via a Nitrogen sparge with a vacuum of 330 mbar. The end product had an acid value of 8.4 mg KOH/g.
  • PO propylene oxide
  • the PGML-3 used in Examples 9-1 1 and 12-14 was obtained from the triphenylphosphine catalyzed reaction of propylene oxide and lauric acid: A 5 L autoclave was charged with 750 grams lauric acid and 3.75 grams TPP. The vessel was sparged with nitrogen while maintaining 300 mbar of vacuum. The vessel was heated to 105 °C and maintained at these conditions for 1 hour to remove any water. 220 grams of propylene oxide (PO) were added over 40 minutes at 100-1 10 °C while keeping the pressure below 3.3 bar. After all of the PO was added, the reaction was heated for 5,30 hours until an acid value of approximately 5-10 mg KOH/g was obtained. Any unreacted propylene oxide was removed via a Nitrogen sparge with a vacuum of 330 mbar. GC Analysis showed the reaction product consisted of 94% PGML, 1.3% PGDL, and 3.5% Why Acid.
  • PO propylene oxide
  • Example 1 Effect of Propylene Glycol Monolaurate (PGML-I, Distilled) on Gloss in an Acrylic Resin
  • a resin blend was prepared by mixing 1.93 g of coalescent with 50 g of UCAR 379GTM in the manner described in Example 1. As in Example 1, films were prepared and the gloss of these films was measured. The results are repotted in Table 2. The results show that propylene glycol monolaurate performs as well or better than the Texanol® control in this vinyl acrylic resin.
  • Example 3 Effect of Propylene Glycol Monolaurate (PGML-I, Distilled) on Gloss in a Styrene Acrylic Resin
  • a resin blend was prepared by mixing 3.15 g of coalescent with 50 g of Arolon® 847-W-42 in the manner described in Example I. As in Example 1, films were prepared and the gloss of these films was measured. The results are reported in Table 3. The results show that propylene glycol monolaurate performs as well or better than the butyl Cellosolve® control in this styrene acrylic resin.
  • An Acrylic masterbatch was prepared as described below. To 57.4 g of this masterbatch was added 0.47 g of Propylene Glycol Monolaurate in a manner similar to that described in Example 1. As in Example 1, films were prepared and the gloss of these films was measured. The results are reported in Table 4. The results show that propylene glycol monolaurate performs as well or better than the Texanol control in this acrylic paint.
  • Rhoplex® ML200TM Masterbatch Quality Exterior Flat Formula
  • Example 5 Effect of Propylene Glycol Monolaurate (PGML-I, Distilled) on Gloss in a Vinyl Acrylic Paint
  • a Vinyl Acrylic masterbatch was prepared as described below. To 52.0 g of this masterbatch was added 1.0 g of Propylene Glycol Monolaurate in a manner similar to that described in Example 1. As in Example 1, films were prepared and the gloss of these films was measured. The results are reported in Table 5. The results show that propylene glycol monolaurate performs as well or better than the Texanol control in this vinyl acrylic paint.
  • Example 6 Effect of Propylene Glycol Monolaurate (PGML-I , Distilled) on Gloss in a Styrene Acrylic Paint
  • a Styrene Acrylic masterbatch was prepared as described below. To 48.0 g of this masterbatch was added 2.05 g of Propylene Glycol Monolaurate and 1.25 g of water in a manner similar to that described in Example I . As in Example 1, films were prepared and the gloss of these films was measured. The results are reported in Table 6. The results show that propylene glycol monolaurate performs better than the butyl Cellosolve® control in this styrene acrylic paint.
  • Example 7 Effect of Propylene Glycol Monolaurate (PGML- 1 , Distilled) on the Minimum Film Formation Temperature (MFFT) of Acrylic, Vinyl Acrylic and Styrene Acrylic resins.
  • PGML- 1 Propylene Glycol Monolaurate
  • MFFT Minimum Film Formation Temperature
  • Example 7 In a manner similar to Example 1, a series of blends consisting of increasing amounts of coalescent were added to Acronal Optive® 110.
  • the coalescents included PGML-3, an undistilled propylene glycol monolaurate with ⁇ 2% PGDL, and a number of commercial coalescents. Films of these blends were prepared as described in Example 1. Both 20° and 60° gloss readings were obtained. In addition, the MFFT of these coalescent resin blends were measured as described in Example 7.
  • Example 10 Comparison of Propylene Glycol Monolaurate (PGML-3, undistilled) with Commercial Coalescents in a Vinyl Acrylic Resin
  • Example 7 In a manner similar to Example 1, a series of blends consisting of increasing amounts of coalescent were added to UCAR 379GTM.
  • the coalescents included PGML-3, an undistilled propylene glycol monolaurate with ⁇ 2% PGDL, and a number of commercial coalescents. Films of these blends were prepared as described in Example 1. Both 20° and 60° gloss readings were obtained. In addition, the MFFT of these coalescent resin blends were measured as described in Example 7.
  • TMB 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,3-pentanediol mono(2-methylpropanoate);
  • Competitive Sample A which is believed to be triethylene glycol bis(2-ethylhexanoate);
  • Competitive Sample B which is believed to consist mainly of propylene glycol monooleate;
  • Competitive Sample C which is believed to consist mainly of propylene glycol monoesters of polyunsaturated C 18 fatty acids.
  • the data shows that PGML-3 gives equal or better performance in comparison to these commercial coalescents.
  • Example 11 Comparison of the Block Resistance of Propylene Glycol Monolaurate to Commercial Coalescents in an Acrylic Paint.
  • An Acrylic masterbatch was prepared as described below using Acronal Optive® 110.
  • a series of coalescent/masterbatch blends were prepared.
  • the series included PGML-3 (undisttlled) and two commercial coalescents.
  • 6 mil wet films were drawn down on Leneta 7B sealed test charts. The charts were dried at 25 °C and 50% relative humidity for 7 days. Block resistance measurements were then carried out at 25 °C for 24 hours. The results of these tests are reported in Table 8. The results indicate that the block resistance of the paint containing PGML-3 is equal to the commercial coalescents tested.
  • Example 12 Comparison of Propylene Glycol Monolaurate and Commercial Coalescents in an Acrylic resin.
  • Example 13 Comparison of Propylene Glycol Monolaurate (PGML-3, undistilled) with Texanol in an Acrylic Paint.
  • Example 14 Use of Propylene Glycol Monolaurate (PGML-3, undistilled) in a Styrene Acrylic Paint.

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Abstract

L’invention concerne une composition filmogène qui comprend un adjuvant de coalescence comprenant des esters d’acides gras d’éthylène glycol et/ou de propylène glycol de formule R1COO[(EO)x(PO)y]zH, dans laquelle R1CO est un groupe acyle aliphatique saturé linéaire, ou une de leurs combinaisons, qui comporte d’environ 6 à environ 22 atomes de carbone, EO est --CH2CH2O--, PO est --CH2CH(CH3)O-- ou --CH(CH3)CH2O-- ou une de leurs combinaisons, le radical acyle étant relié à un atome de carbone du radical EO ou PO, et x = 0 à environ 5, y = environ 0 à environ 5, la somme de x et y est supérieure ou égale à 0,5, z = 1 à environ 5, et (x + y)z est inférieur ou égal à 6. Il doit également être compris que x, y et z sont des valeurs moyennes pour la composition.
PCT/US2009/065453 2008-11-21 2009-11-23 Agent de coalescence sans cov WO2010060008A1 (fr)

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US8153707B2 (en) * 2008-11-21 2012-04-10 Elementis Specialties, Inc. VOC-free coalescing agent
CA2743794C (fr) * 2010-06-25 2013-09-10 Dow Global Technologies Llc Coalescent pour les compositions aqueuses
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US20100130645A1 (en) 2010-05-27
US8153707B2 (en) 2012-04-10

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