WO2010057508A1 - Dispositif de mélange et/ou d'évaporation d'un agent de réduction et dispositif de mise en contact d'un flux de gaz d'échappement avec un agent de réduction - Google Patents

Dispositif de mélange et/ou d'évaporation d'un agent de réduction et dispositif de mise en contact d'un flux de gaz d'échappement avec un agent de réduction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010057508A1
WO2010057508A1 PCT/EP2008/009905 EP2008009905W WO2010057508A1 WO 2010057508 A1 WO2010057508 A1 WO 2010057508A1 EP 2008009905 W EP2008009905 W EP 2008009905W WO 2010057508 A1 WO2010057508 A1 WO 2010057508A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reducing agent
exhaust gas
guide elements
mixing
equipment
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2008/009905
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Schönberger
Rüdiger Tangemann
Original Assignee
Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft filed Critical Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft
Priority to PCT/EP2008/009905 priority Critical patent/WO2010057508A1/fr
Priority to EP20080875029 priority patent/EP2347106B1/fr
Publication of WO2010057508A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010057508A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/40Static mixers
    • B01F25/42Static mixers in which the mixing is affected by moving the components jointly in changing directions, e.g. in tubes provided with baffles or obstructions
    • B01F25/43Mixing tubes, e.g. wherein the material is moved in a radial or partly reversed direction
    • B01F25/431Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor
    • B01F25/4315Straight mixing tubes with baffles or obstructions that do not cause substantial pressure drop; Baffles therefor the baffles being deformed flat pieces of material
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/20Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control specially adapted for catalytic conversion ; Methods of operation or control of catalytic converters
    • F01N3/2066Selective catalytic reduction [SCR]
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D53/00Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/90Injecting reactants
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/20Mixing gases with liquids
    • B01F23/21Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media
    • B01F23/213Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids
    • B01F23/2132Mixing gases with liquids by introducing liquids into gaseous media by spraying or atomising of the liquids using nozzles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01FMIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/20Jet mixers, i.e. mixers using high-speed fluid streams
    • B01F25/25Mixing by jets impinging against collision plates
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/28Construction of catalytic reactors
    • F01N3/2892Exhaust flow directors or the like, e.g. upstream of catalytic device
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2251/00Reactants
    • B01D2251/20Reductants
    • B01D2251/206Ammonium compounds
    • B01D2251/2067Urea
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2257/00Components to be removed
    • B01D2257/40Nitrogen compounds
    • B01D2257/404Nitrogen oxides other than dinitrogen oxide
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01DSEPARATION
    • B01D2258/00Sources of waste gases
    • B01D2258/01Engine exhaust gases
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2240/00Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being
    • F01N2240/20Combination or association of two or more different exhaust treating devices, or of at least one such device with an auxiliary device, not covered by indexing codes F01N2230/00 or F01N2250/00, one of the devices being a flow director or deflector
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2610/00Adding substances to exhaust gases
    • F01N2610/02Adding substances to exhaust gases the substance being ammonia or urea
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02TCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for mixing a reducing agent with and / or for evaporating a reducing agent in an exhaust stream of an internal combustion engine comprising a arranged in the exhaust duct, lattice-like, abgas thoroughlybare and reduktionsstoffbeetzschlagbare structure with a plurality Leiteiementen and means for applying an exhaust gas stream with a reducing agent.
  • SCR Selective Catalytic Reduction
  • the urea of the injected solution is arranged in the exhaust line itself or in a possibly in the exhaust system Hydrogenation catalyst converted to ammonia (NH 3 ), which reduces the nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas (NO x ) in a downstream SCR catalyst to form nitrogen (N 2 ) and water (H 2 O) Since the nitrogen oxides (NO x ) on this Can be almost completely removed from the exhaust gas, can run internal combustion engines with a relatively lean mixture, which allows a fuel-efficient operation of the internal combustion engine
  • a urea-water solution may be added, if necessary, other ammonia or reducing agent precursors from which gaseous ammonia (NH 3 ) or another reducing agent suitable for the reduction of nitrogen oxides is formed under the conditions in the exhaust gas line
  • a static mixer in an exhaust duct downstream of a metering for metered injection of a urea-water solution by deflecting and turbulence of the exhaust stream for improved mixing of the exhaust gas and the provided therein reducing agent.
  • the mixer should act as a surface evaporator whose surface also serves as a baffle for the reducing agent precursor.
  • the mixer is of symmetrical construction in that it is latticed with two sets of orthogonal grid bars and vanes carried by the grid bars, the vanes being inclined at the same angle of attack to the exhaust gas channel axis and having rows of opposite inclination directions.
  • the vanes are substantially the same size and have the same shape, the mixer has a constant passageway in Abgaskanalachsplatz over the exhaust duct cross-section.
  • the achievable with the known mixer NO ⁇ sales in dynamic vehicle operation are not always sufficient.
  • the exhaust system in the interior of the exhaust duct wall films of urea-water solution by direct impingement of urea-water solution partial beams to the inner wall of the exhaust duct downstream of the mixer by the mixer is partially "injected” and requires the known mixer in the exhaust passage a high pressure loss, which leads to the reduction of engine power.
  • the object of the invention is therefore to provide an aforementioned device, with which a spraying of partial streams of urea-water solution is effectively avoided and which represents a minimized flow resistance in the exhaust duct.
  • the object is achieved with a device having the features of claim 1, wherein the arranged in the exhaust duct structure has an asymmetrical structure.
  • a reducing agent supply means arranged asymmetrically with respect to the exhaust gas duct, it is taken into account that the subjets of the urea-water solution impinge at different angles and By spraying also partial beams of the urea-water solution effectively avoided, so that a uniform distribution of urea-water solution in the exhaust passage without formation of wall films on the inner wall of the exhaust duct downstream of the structure and thus a complete implementation of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) at the same time Prevention of ammonia slip is guaranteed.
  • NO x nitrogen oxides
  • the object is provided with a device for acting on an exhaust gas stream with a reducing agent, wherein an asymmetrically arranged to the exhaust gas reducing agent supply means and an asymmetrically constructed means for mixing a reducing agent with one and / or for evaporation of a reducing agent are provided in an exhaust gas stream.
  • the asymmetry of the structure is achieved by different angles of incidence of the guide elements, which in particular ensures optimized atomization.
  • the guide elements are adjustable and / or deformable, so that adaptation to the mass flow rate in the exhaust gas duct can take place, it being advisable to then manufacture the guide elements from a flexible material such as spring steel or to provide joint mechanisms.
  • the asymmetrical structure of the structure is oriented on the reducing agent supply means.
  • Figure 1 is a device for acting on an exhaust gas stream with a reducing agent with an asymmetrically arranged to the exhaust gas reducing agent supply means and an asymmetrically constructed mixer / evaporator and
  • FIG. 2 shows a section along the line designated A-A in FIG.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 100 for acting upon an exhaust gas flow a with a reducing agent 110 having a reducing agent injector 108 arranged asymmetrically with respect to the exhaust gas channel 102 and an asymmetrically constructed mixer / evaporator 114, a section along the line marked AA in FIG shown.
  • the device 100 is designed as a mounting part for mounting in one of an exhaust gas flow a of an internal combustion engine of a motor vehicle from a flow input 104 to a flow outlet 106 through-flow exhaust duct 102, 202 and determined for the arrangement upstream of an SCR catalytic converter of the motor vehicle, the for the reduction of nitrogen oxides contained in the exhaust gas (NO x ) by reaction with ammonia (NH 3 ) to form nitrogen (N 2 ) and water (H 2 O) is used.
  • the reducing agent injector 108 is arranged from the outside at an angle in the exhaust gas flow direction at the intake port 102, 202, connected by means of a conduit with a reducing agent tank and is controlled taking into account parameters of the internal combustion engine and / or stored in a control device parameters by means of a control device, the structurally separate and connected to an engine control or part of an engine control or other control is.
  • the reducing agent injector 108 is a urea-water solution as a precursor for the required for the reduction of nitrogen oxides (NO x ) in the catalyst ammonia (NH 3 ) upstream of the catalyst uniformly the exhaust gas flow a metered.
  • the mixer A / steamer 114, 214 serves to atomize and evaporate the metered urea-water solution and to assist or accelerate their conversion to ammonia and at the same time for the uniform distribution of the ammonia generated in the exhaust stream.
  • the mixer / steamer 114, 214 comprises a grid extending over at least approximately the entire exhaust gas channel cross section with two sets of orthogonal grid webs and downstream extending flow guide elements 116, 118, 216, 218.
  • straight flow guide elements are directed in the exhaust gas axis direction 118, 218 and curved flow guide elements 116, 216 are provided.
  • the flow guide elements 116, 118, 216, 218 of the mixer / steamer 114, 214 act not only as atomizers and mixers, but also as evaporators.
  • the curved flow guide elements 116, 216 engage in their root area associated with the grid in the exhaust gas passage direction and their downstream ends are bent in the direction of the exhaust passage inner wall. In the radial direction are the flow guide elements 116, 216 are bent in the direction of the reducing agent injector 108 and thus form individual baffles for atomizing individual urea-water solution partial beams 120 of the starting from the reducing agent injector 108 reducing agent spray cone 110th
  • the straight flow guide elements 118, 218 injection of individual urea-water solution partial beams 120 between the curved flow guide elements 116, 216 is prevented by being longer in the exhaust gas passage direction than the curved flow guide elements 116, 216.
  • the straight flow guide elements 118, 218 facing the reducing agent injector in the radial direction have an increasingly greater length than the flow guide elements 118, 218 facing away from the reducing agent injector in the radial direction, so that not only urea-water solution partial beams 120, which meet between the curved flow guide 116, 216 at a comparatively acute angle to the mixer / evaporator 114, 214, are atomized and vaporized, but also urea-water solution partial beams 120, which between the curved flow guide 116, 216 in a comparatively blunt hints! to the mixer / evaporator 114, 214 meet.
  • the mixer / evaporator 114, 214 is thus not injected by individual urea-water solution
  • a heating mixer / evaporator 114, 214 may be provided, for example by means of an electrical resistance heater.
  • the mixer / evaporator 114, 214 represents a greatly reduced flow resistance compared to known devices, so that the performance of the internal combustion engine is only marginally reduced, if at all
  • the mixer / vaporizer 114, 214 provided at least partially with a catalytic coating, which ensures complete conversion of urea by hydrolysis in its secondary products at the temperatures prevailing in the gas stream

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (100) de mélange d'un agent de réduction (110) avec un flux de gaz d'échappement (a) et/ou d'évaporation d'un agent de réduction dans un flux de gaz d'échappement (a) d'un moteur à combustion interne, qui comprend une structure (114) de type grille, permettant le passage des gaz d'échappement et pouvant être mise en contact avec un agent de réduction, agencée dans le tuyau d'échappement (102), munie de plusieurs éléments de guidage (116,118) et présentant une configuration asymétrique. L'invention concerne également un dispositif de mise en contact d'un flux de gaz d'échappement (a) avec un agent de réduction, dans lequel un dispositif d'amenée d'agent de réduction (108) est agencé de manière asymétrique par rapport au tuyau d'échappement (102) et un dispositif (114) conçu de manière asymétrique permet le mélange d'un agent de réduction avec un flux de gaz d'échappement (102) et/ou l'évaporation d'un agent de réduction (110) dans un flux de gaz d'échappement (102).
PCT/EP2008/009905 2008-11-21 2008-11-21 Dispositif de mélange et/ou d'évaporation d'un agent de réduction et dispositif de mise en contact d'un flux de gaz d'échappement avec un agent de réduction WO2010057508A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2008/009905 WO2010057508A1 (fr) 2008-11-21 2008-11-21 Dispositif de mélange et/ou d'évaporation d'un agent de réduction et dispositif de mise en contact d'un flux de gaz d'échappement avec un agent de réduction
EP20080875029 EP2347106B1 (fr) 2008-11-21 2008-11-21 Dispositif de mélange et/ou d'évaporation d'un agent de réduction et dispositif de mise en contact d'un flux de gaz d'échappement avec un agent de réduction

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2008/009905 WO2010057508A1 (fr) 2008-11-21 2008-11-21 Dispositif de mélange et/ou d'évaporation d'un agent de réduction et dispositif de mise en contact d'un flux de gaz d'échappement avec un agent de réduction

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010057508A1 true WO2010057508A1 (fr) 2010-05-27

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Family Applications (1)

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PCT/EP2008/009905 WO2010057508A1 (fr) 2008-11-21 2008-11-21 Dispositif de mélange et/ou d'évaporation d'un agent de réduction et dispositif de mise en contact d'un flux de gaz d'échappement avec un agent de réduction

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP2347106B1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2010057508A1 (fr)

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103867265A (zh) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-18 福特汽车萨纳伊股份有限公司 混合器系统
CN106404402A (zh) * 2016-09-09 2017-02-15 浙江大学 基于尾气模拟的柴油机全尺寸scr催化器性能测试平台
US9664082B2 (en) 2014-06-02 2017-05-30 Caterpillar Inc. Reductant dosing system having staggered injectors
CN108979801A (zh) * 2017-07-27 2018-12-11 天纳克(苏州)排放系统有限公司 发动机排气后处理混合装置

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1712751A2 (fr) 2005-04-15 2006-10-18 Iveco S.p.A. Mixeur statique
EP1835139A2 (fr) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de mélange pour un dispositif de traitement des gaz d'échappement, dispositif de mélange pour un dispositif de traitement des gaz d'échappement tout comme agencement doté d'un tel dispositif de mélange
DE102006058715B3 (de) * 2006-12-13 2008-01-10 Audi Ag Statischer Mischer für eine Abgasanlage eines brennkraftmaschinenbetriebenen Fahrzeugs, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeugs
DE102006055036A1 (de) * 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 Arvinmeritor Emissions Technologies Gmbh Mischelement sowie Abgasanlage für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP1712751A2 (fr) 2005-04-15 2006-10-18 Iveco S.p.A. Mixeur statique
EP1835139A2 (fr) * 2006-03-15 2007-09-19 Robert Bosch Gmbh Procédé de fabrication d'un dispositif de mélange pour un dispositif de traitement des gaz d'échappement, dispositif de mélange pour un dispositif de traitement des gaz d'échappement tout comme agencement doté d'un tel dispositif de mélange
DE102006055036A1 (de) * 2006-11-22 2008-05-29 Arvinmeritor Emissions Technologies Gmbh Mischelement sowie Abgasanlage für eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine
DE102006058715B3 (de) * 2006-12-13 2008-01-10 Audi Ag Statischer Mischer für eine Abgasanlage eines brennkraftmaschinenbetriebenen Fahrzeugs, insbesondere Kraftfahrzeugs

Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103867265A (zh) * 2012-12-14 2014-06-18 福特汽车萨纳伊股份有限公司 混合器系统
US9664082B2 (en) 2014-06-02 2017-05-30 Caterpillar Inc. Reductant dosing system having staggered injectors
CN106404402A (zh) * 2016-09-09 2017-02-15 浙江大学 基于尾气模拟的柴油机全尺寸scr催化器性能测试平台
CN106404402B (zh) * 2016-09-09 2019-01-08 浙江大学 基于尾气模拟的柴油机全尺寸scr催化器性能测试平台
CN108979801A (zh) * 2017-07-27 2018-12-11 天纳克(苏州)排放系统有限公司 发动机排气后处理混合装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP2347106B1 (fr) 2015-04-22
EP2347106A1 (fr) 2011-07-27

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