WO2010057478A2 - Flexible bond system having material containing carbon fibers, a method for the production thereof, and the use thereof - Google Patents

Flexible bond system having material containing carbon fibers, a method for the production thereof, and the use thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010057478A2
WO2010057478A2 PCT/DE2009/001640 DE2009001640W WO2010057478A2 WO 2010057478 A2 WO2010057478 A2 WO 2010057478A2 DE 2009001640 W DE2009001640 W DE 2009001640W WO 2010057478 A2 WO2010057478 A2 WO 2010057478A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
flexible
composite material
layer
material according
fibers
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2009/001640
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2010057478A3 (en
Inventor
Elke Billstein
Ralf JÜDE
Original Assignee
Elke Billstein
Juede Ralf
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Elke Billstein, Juede Ralf filed Critical Elke Billstein
Priority to DE112009003269T priority Critical patent/DE112009003269A5/en
Publication of WO2010057478A2 publication Critical patent/WO2010057478A2/en
Publication of WO2010057478A3 publication Critical patent/WO2010057478A3/en

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    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B32B11/00—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances
    • B32B11/02—Layered products comprising a layer of bituminous or tarry substances with fibres or particles being present as additives in the layer
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    • B32B23/14—Layered products comprising a layer of cellulosic plastic substances, i.e. substances obtained by chemical modification of cellulose, e.g. cellulose ethers, cellulose esters, viscose characterised by containing special compounding ingredients
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Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a flexible composite system with carbon fiber-containing material, a process for its preparation and their use.
  • DE 696 30 778 T2 discloses an apparatus and a method for the controlled application or application of polymer compositions to a material web.
  • porous webs in particular fabrics either with silicone resins, surfaces are coated or saturated or impregnated.
  • fibers in addition to the natural fibers such as jute, cotton, wool, linen and synthetic fibers such.
  • Polyamide aramids or mixtures used.
  • the webs are stretched according to the method and the polymer composition is sprayed on so that it also wets a large part of the gaps. In this case, a highly diluted polymer composition is applied to the surface under tension
  • CONFIRMATION COPY derived from carbon fibers, aramid fibers or the like.
  • the sail segments are also sewn.
  • DE 199 41 669A discloses a fabric hose. This is a three-part system wherein the inner coating of a flexible material, such as flexible polyamide, flexible polyethylene or the like. Here a fabric of carbon fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers and the like is stored. In the present case, systems are developed that are designed only for higher pressure and are additionally protected in a container. The flexibility of the system is not given and no application as a fundamentally flexible system.
  • DE 35 41 193 C2 discloses a composite film material which consists of a fibrous layer which is optionally refractory and, in addition to ceramic fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, may also contain metal fibers and is laminated with a silicone polymer layer containing an inorganic material.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide a flexible composite system with carbon fiber-containing material that is transparent, has improved feel, has increased resistance to external influences such as temperature, moisture and UV radiation.
  • An object of the present invention has thus been to provide a flexible composite material which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art.
  • a good feel, resistance to external influences and protection of the underlying material are ensured
  • the flexible composite material consists of a first flexible layer of the base layer, of the group of fibers, yarns, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwovens, mats or the like, optionally of a further flexible layer according to the first layer, of a further flexible layer of a carbon fiber-containing material and a resin impregnating the flexible layers which maintains the flexibility of the layers.
  • a further flexible carbon fiber-containing layer and / or glass fiber-reinforced layer is arranged between the first flexible layer, the base layer, and the carbon fiber-containing layer.
  • the flexible composite material in the base layer materials from the group of natural materials such as jute, linen, cotton, wool or the like or of plastics such as nylon, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene, polyethylene and highly doped polyethylene or the like, and mixtures thereof
  • a further flexible layer is one of the group of aramid fibers such as meta-aramid or para-aramid fibers, poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPD-T)), copolymers of aramids and Poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPD-T)), nylon, polyvinyl alcohol and highly doped polyethylene or mixtures thereof.
  • aramid fibers such as meta-aramid or para-aramid fibers
  • PPD-T poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPD-T)), copolymers of aramids and Poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPD-T)), nylon, polyvinyl alcohol and highly doped polyethylene or mixtures thereof.
  • the flexible composite material according to the invention is as a flexible layer of a carbon fiber-containing material from the group of carbon fibers based on cellulose, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), pitch, CFRP materials or the like.
  • glass fiber-reinforced plastics are composites of a combination of a combination of a three-dimensional system of polymers and glass fibers acting as an amplifier.
  • the glass materials used for fiber reinforcement are present in the glass fiber reinforced or carbon fiber reinforced plastic as fiber, yarn, nonwoven, woven, knitted or mat.
  • Thermoplastics, epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, phenolic and furan resins as well as polyamides, polycarbonates, polyurethanes, polyactiles, polyphenylene oxides, polypropylenes and styrene copolymers can be used according to the invention as the plastic.
  • the ratio of the reinforcing material to the plastic used is in the range of 1 to 90.
  • the flexibility of glass fiber reinforced or carbon fiber reinforced plastics as fiber, yarn, nonwoven, woven, knitted or mat is crucial.
  • the matrix of the plastic-containing system consists of a bulky nonwoven material, for example of a crimped non-elastic staple fiber, which corresponds to the flame-retardant fiber.
  • a bulky nonwoven material for example of a crimped non-elastic staple fiber, which corresponds to the flame-retardant fiber.
  • polyester fibers and Aramid fibers polyester staple fibers, staple fibers or mixed staple fibers of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, poly-1,4-dimethylcyclohexane terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polypivalolactone and copolyester thereof, polyesters and multi-component staple fibers of two or more of these polyesters.
  • the preferred polyester fibers contain a phosphorus or halogen compound to improve flame retardancy and heat resistance.
  • fiber is understood to mean a long, flexible, cohesive, natural or synthetically produced thread-like article such as a monofilament, staple fiber, filament or the like
  • a fiber useful for the invention preferably has a length of at least that
  • the fibers may be considered to be in the form of units made by known techniques into yarns or the like Fibers may be made into woven or nonwoven fabrics (especially textiles) by known techniques, including weaving, Knitting, braiding, felting, twisting, forming mats, needles, presses and the like.
  • Fibers such as those used for spinning into yarns or the like having a length of at least about 5 mm. Fibers, such as those derived from cellulose, as used in the manufacture of paper, may be used along with long fibers, as previously indicated, and as are well known to those skilled in the art.
  • the term “yarn” is understood to mean fibers of defined length
  • the term “yarn” is used to designate a continuous strand of a plurality of fibers, filaments or the like in bundle form, which may be suitable for Knitting, weaving or otherwise forming a textile material.
  • Yarn may be made from a number of fibers that are twisted together or from a number of filaments that are folded together without twisting (a non-twisted yarn).
  • a flexible porous web used as the starting material for the invention is generally and usually substantially planar or flat, and generally has opposing parallel outer surfaces.
  • Such a web has a three-dimensional construction with a plurality of fibers and interstices therebetween or is a matrix with open cells or pores.
  • the matrix may consist of polymeric solids, including fibers and non-fibrous components.
  • Non-fibrous ingredients such as particulate fillers, binders, dyes, sizing agents can be added to the fibers in the web.
  • Preferred webs have at least 85% of their fibrous or fibrous construction and are untreated with any sizing agent, coating or the like.
  • leather including natural and synthetic leathers
  • foamed plastic films, or open cell films can be obtained as a flexible base layer.
  • Foamed plastic films or films as carriers are formed either by formulating a foaming agent with a resin or by blowing air into a volatile liquid made the still liquid polymer during its formation in a film or film.
  • a foamed carrier has an internal structure characterized by a network of gas spaces or cells which make the foamed carrier less dense than the solid polymer.
  • Foamed films or films which are used in accordance with the invention as starting carrier materials are flexible and have an open-cell structure. This is according to the invention to pay attention to the flexibility and deformability, as it exists in the tissues, knitted fabrics, mats, nonwovens and the like.
  • Synthetic leathers may also be classified into two general categories, coated fabrics and poromerics, within the scope of the invention.
  • Synthetic leathers which are Poromerics, are made to be as leather-like as possible in terms of breathability and water vapor permeability as well as machinability, machine compatibility and other properties.
  • Synthetic leathers, which are coated fabrics have a balance of physical properties and economic considerations, such as porometrics.
  • the coating is either a vinyl polymer or a polyurethane.
  • Vinyl coatings can be either solid or expanded vinyl polymers having internal air bubbles, such as those typically found in closed cell foams. Because of this structure, they usually have a non-porous front surface or appearance. This construction leads to poor breathability and water vapor permeability. However, because the interior or the back are porous, these materials can be used for the purposes of the invention by applying the curable thixotropic material and one or more modifiers to the back surface thereof.
  • Fibers can be of natural or synthetic origin. Mixtures of natural fibers and synthetic fibers can also be used. Examples of natural fibers include cotton, wool, silk, jute, linen and the like. Examples of synthetic fibers include acetate, polyesters (including polyethylene terephthalate), polyamides (including nylon), acrylic polymers, olefins, aramids, acalones, glasses, modacrylic polymers, novolides, nitrile fibers, rayon, sarane, spandex, vinyl fibers, vinyon fibers, regenerated cellulose, Cellulose acetates and the like. Mixtures of natural and synthetic fibers can also be used.
  • the term "impregnation” refers to the penetration of such dispersions or Solutions in the flexible layer and the distribution of such dispersions in preferably uniform shape and controlled manner in the flexible layer.
  • the application of the silicone resin composition into a flexible layer the distribution of this composition over the flexible layer and the resulting, at least partial wetting, impregnation of at least a portion of the fibers of the flexible layer by silicone resin composition, and usually substantially flat or flat and generally has opposing parallel outer surfaces of the at least two flexible layers, namely the base layer and the carbofiber-containing flexible layer.
  • a flexible layer has a three-dimensional structure with a plurality of fibers and intermediate spaces, or is a matrix with open cells or pores.
  • this matrix may consist of polymeric solids, including fibers and non-fibrous constituents.
  • Non-fibrous ingredients such as particulate fillers, binders, dyes, sizing agents can be added to the fibers in the web.
  • Preferred flexible layers have at least 85% of their construction of fibrous or fibrous materials and are untreated with any sizing agent, coating or the like.
  • meta-aramid fibers e.g. called meta-aramid fibers or para-aramid fibers.
  • This group includes poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPD-T)), copolymers of aramids and poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPD-T)), nylon, polyvinyl alcohol and highly doped polyethylene.
  • PPD-T poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide
  • PPD-T poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide
  • PPD-T poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide
  • nylon polyvinyl alcohol
  • highly doped polyethylene polyvinyl alcohol
  • highly doped polyethylene polyvinyl alcohol
  • the meta-aramid fibers are preferred because they not only have good flame retardancy and heat resistance but also increased mechanical properties, e.g. in terms of strength and modulus.
  • silicone resins are those from the group of organopolysiloxanes, Polyacryloxyalkylalkoxysilanes, polyvinylsilanes, Polysilthian, polysilazane, hydrocarbon polymers with a silicon-containing side chain, polysilanes or mixtures thereof.
  • a further subject of the present invention is a process for producing the composite material comprising:
  • the term "permeation" describes the application of a semi-liquid material to one or both sides of a textile material. When the coating has dried, it forms a bond with the textile material.
  • This coating envelops and / or surrounds and / or encapsulates the individual fibers, or coats cells or pore walls of the flexible layer.
  • the thickness of the silicone resin layer is generally in the range of 0.01 to 50 ⁇ m, and preferably in the range of 0.1 to 20 ⁇ m.
  • flexibility refers to the ability of the flexible composite material of the invention treated with a cured polymer to return to the initial state.
  • cure refers to the change in state, condition, and / or structure in a material, such as a curable polymer composition, which is usually, but not necessarily, initiated by at least one variable, such as time, temperature , Radiation, presence and amount of a curing catalyst in the material or a curing accelerator or the like.
  • hardening or “hardened” includes partial or complete curing.
  • the components of such a composition may undergo one or more complete or incomplete reactions, such as (a) polymerization, (b) crosslinking or (c ) other reactions depending on the nature of the composition being cured, the application parameters and other predictable factors. It will be understood that the invention includes polymers that are not or only partially cured after application.
  • the latter is designed so that the different flexible layers are passed through a device before being brought together and sprayed, impregnated or saturated from both sides and then brought together and pressed without after the curing of the silicone resin, the flexibility greatly reduced.
  • At least one further flexible layer is arranged between the base layer and the carbon fiber-containing flexible layer.
  • These may also be glass fiber reinforced plastics, which are also defined as flexible layers.
  • the inventive method is carried out at a viscosity reduction of
  • Silicone resin composition by spraying optionally with an impregnation.
  • this is carried out at 25 ° C and is in the range of greater than 1000 mPa s to 2000000 mPa s at a shear rate of 10 " 1 / s.
  • both longer and shorter cure times and temperatures may be used if heat set.
  • the radiation curing with an electron beam or ultraviolet light can also be used for the product according to the invention.
  • platinum catalysts can also be used. It should be noted, however, that when using platinum catalysts, the curing is accelerated and is preferred in the use of low temperatures and short curing times.
  • the underside of the base layer of the flexible composite material is wetted with an adhesive layer.
  • Another object of the present invention is the use of the flexible composite material as an inner material for the lining of motor vehicles.
  • the use of the flexible composite material as side paneling for doors or as a cockpit upper material in automobiles or as outer material for motor-driven vehicles takes place on land and in the air.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to a flexible composite material made of a first flexible layer, the base layer, of a group of fibers, woven fabrics, knit fabrics, non-wovens, mats, or the like, optionally a further flexible layer corresponding to the first layer, a further flexible layer made of a material containing carbon fibers, and a resin saturating the flexible layers and maintaining the flexibility of the layers, and to a method for producing the composite material, comprising: joining a lower flexible base layer to a higher flexible layer containing carbon fibers; saturating both layers with a silicone compound comprising a silicone resin; curing the silicone resin while maintaining the flexibility of the layers, and to the use thereof.

Description

„Flexibles Verbundsystem mit carbonfaserhaltigem Material, ein Verfahren zu seiner "Flexible composite system with carbon fiber containing material, a method to his
Herstellung und deren Verwendung"Production and use thereof
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein flexibles Verbundsystem mit carbonfaserhaltigem Material, ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung und deren Verwendung.The present invention relates to a flexible composite system with carbon fiber-containing material, a process for its preparation and their use.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind unzählige Zusammensetzungen mit Carbonfasern bekannt. Die DE 696 30 778T2 offenbart eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zum kontrollierten Anbringen bzw. Aufbringen von Poylmerzusammensetzungen auf eine Materialbahn Hierbei wird auf poröse Bahnen, insbesondere Gewebe entweder mit Siliconharzen Oberflächen beschichtet oder gesättigt bzw. imprägniert. Als Fasern werden neben den natürlichen Fasern wie Jute, Baumwolle, Wolle, Leinen auch synthetische Fasern wie z.B. Polyamide Aramide oder auch Mischungen eingesetzt. Die Materialbahnen werden gemäß dem Verfahren gespannt und die Polymerzusammensetzung aufgesprüht, so dass sie auch einen Grossteil der Zwischenräume benetzt. Hierbei wird eine stark verdünnte Polymerzusammensetzung auf die unter Spannung stehende Oberfläche aufgebrachtNumerous compositions with carbon fibers are known in the prior art. DE 696 30 778 T2 discloses an apparatus and a method for the controlled application or application of polymer compositions to a material web. Here, on porous webs, in particular fabrics either with silicone resins, surfaces are coated or saturated or impregnated. As fibers, in addition to the natural fibers such as jute, cotton, wool, linen and synthetic fibers such. Polyamide aramids or mixtures used. The webs are stretched according to the method and the polymer composition is sprayed on so that it also wets a large part of the gaps. In this case, a highly diluted polymer composition is applied to the surface under tension
Die DE 600 02 352T2 offenbart Segel die in Segmente aufgeteilt sind und Verfahren zu deren Herstellung. Hierbei werden neben dem vorhandenen Material Haftmittel, welche aus einem Harz und einer Faser besteht sind hier eine weitere Faser die der Verstärkung dient integriert und eine zweite Verstärkungsfaser, die sich bezüglich der Kraftlinien des Segels angeordnet sind. Diese Fasern können Monofasermaterial, Multifasergarne aus der GruppeDE 600 02 352 T2 discloses sails which are divided into segments and methods for their production. Here, in addition to the existing material adhesive, which consists of a resin and a fiber here are another fiber which serves to reinforce integrated and a second reinforcing fiber, which are arranged with respect to the lines of force of the sail. These fibers can be monofilament material, multifibre yarns from the group
BESTÄTIGUNGSKOPIE von Kohlenstofffasern, Aramidfasern oder ähnlichen stammen. Zusätzlich werden die Segelsegmente auch noch vernäht.CONFIRMATION COPY derived from carbon fibers, aramid fibers or the like. In addition, the sail segments are also sewn.
Die DE 200 06 448U1 offenbart Stoffe für Schutzbekleidungen aus flammenhemmendem Material. Hierbei handelt es sich, um ein System aus einem Gewebe mit einem Spinnfaden aus Aramidfasern unterschiedlicher Art und Mischungen von unterschiedlichen Aramidfasern sowie einem Anteil einer elastomeren Faser. Ein Verbundsystem aus unterschiedlichen Geweben die miteinander vernetzt sind kann dem Dokument nicht entnommen werden.DE 200 06 448U1 discloses fabrics for protective clothing made of flame-retardant material. This is a system of a fabric with a spun yarn of different aramid fibers and blends of different aramid fibers and a portion of an elastomeric fiber. A composite system of different tissues that are networked with each other can not be found in the document.
Die DE 199 41 669A offenbart einen Gewebeschlauch. Hierbei handelt es sich um ein dreiteiliges System wobei die Innenbeschichtung aus einem flexiblen Material, wie flexiblen Polyamid, flexiblen Polyethylen oder ähnliche. Hierin wird ein Gewebe aus Carbonfasern, Aramidfasern, Glasfasern und ähnlichen eingelagert. Im vorliegenden Fall werden Systeme entwickelt, die nur für höheren Druck ausgelegt sind und zusätzlich in einem Behältnis geschützt liegen. Die Flexibilität des Systems ist nicht gegeben und auch keine Anwendung als grundsätzlich flexibles System.DE 199 41 669A discloses a fabric hose. This is a three-part system wherein the inner coating of a flexible material, such as flexible polyamide, flexible polyethylene or the like. Here a fabric of carbon fibers, aramid fibers, glass fibers and the like is stored. In the present case, systems are developed that are designed only for higher pressure and are additionally protected in a container. The flexibility of the system is not given and no application as a fundamentally flexible system.
Die DE 35 41 193 C2 offenbart ein Verbundfolienmaterial, welches aus einer Faserschicht besteht, die gegebenenfalls feuerfest ist und neben Keramikfasem, Glasfasern, Kohlenstofffasern auch Metallfasern enthalten kann und mit einer Siliconpolymerschicht, die ein anorganisches Material enthält laminiert ist..DE 35 41 193 C2 discloses a composite film material which consists of a fibrous layer which is optionally refractory and, in addition to ceramic fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, may also contain metal fibers and is laminated with a silicone polymer layer containing an inorganic material.
Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es gewesen ein flexibles Verbundsystem mit carbonfaserhaltigem Material zur Verfügung zu stellen, dass transparent ist, eine verbesserte Haptik aufweist, erhöhte Widerstandsfähigkeit gegenüber äußeren Einflüssen wie Temperatur, Feuchtigkeit und UV-Strahlung hat.The object of the present invention is to provide a flexible composite system with carbon fiber-containing material that is transparent, has improved feel, has increased resistance to external influences such as temperature, moisture and UV radiation.
Ein Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist es somit gewesen ein flexibles Verbundmaterial zur Verfügung zustellen, das nicht die Nachteile des Standes der Technik aufweist. Vorteilhafterweise werden eine gute Haptik, Widerstandsfähigkeit gegen Äußere Einflüsse und ein Schutz des darunter liegenden Materials gewährleistetAn object of the present invention has thus been to provide a flexible composite material which does not have the disadvantages of the prior art. Advantageously, a good feel, resistance to external influences and protection of the underlying material are ensured
Erfindungsgemäß besteht das flexibles Verbundmaterial aus einer ersten flexiblen Schicht der Grundschicht, aus der Gruppe von Fasern, Garnen, Geweben, Gewirken, Vliesen, Matten, oder ähnlichem, gegebenenfalls einer weiteren flexiblen Schicht gemäß der ersten Schicht, einer weiteren flexiblen Schicht aus einem carbonfaserhaltigen Material und einem die flexiblen Schichten tränkenden Harz, das die Flexibilität der Schichten aufrecht erhält. In einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen flexiblen Verbundmaterials ist eine weitere flexible carbonfaserhaltigen Schicht und/oder glasfaserverstärkten Schicht zwischen der ersten flexiblen Schicht, der Grundschicht, und der carbonfaserhaltigen Schicht angeordnet ist.According to the invention, the flexible composite material consists of a first flexible layer of the base layer, of the group of fibers, yarns, woven fabrics, knitted fabrics, nonwovens, mats or the like, optionally of a further flexible layer according to the first layer, of a further flexible layer of a carbon fiber-containing material and a resin impregnating the flexible layers which maintains the flexibility of the layers. In a further embodiment variant of the flexible composite material according to the invention, a further flexible carbon fiber-containing layer and / or glass fiber-reinforced layer is arranged between the first flexible layer, the base layer, and the carbon fiber-containing layer.
Erfindungsgemäß weist das flexibles Verbundmaterial in der Grundschicht, Materialien aus der Gruppe von natürlichen Stoffen wie Jute, Leinen, Baumwolle, Wolle oder ähnlichem oder aber aus Kunststoffen wie Nylon, Polyacrylaten, Polyvinylalkohol, Polypropylen, Polyethylen und hochdotiertes Polyethylen oder ähnliche sowie Mischungen dieser aufAccording to the invention, the flexible composite material in the base layer, materials from the group of natural materials such as jute, linen, cotton, wool or the like or of plastics such as nylon, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene, polyethylene and highly doped polyethylene or the like, and mixtures thereof
In einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen flexiblen Verbundmaterials ist eine weitere flexible Schicht solche aus der Gruppe von Aramid-Fasern wie meta-Aramid- Fasem oder para-Aramid-Fasem, Poly(p-phenylenterephthalamid (PPD-T)), Copolymere von Aramiden und Poly(p-phenylenterephthalamid (PPD-T)), Nylon, Polyvinylalkohol und hochdotiertes Polyethylen oder Mischungen dieser eingesetzt werden.In a further embodiment variant of the flexible composite material according to the invention, a further flexible layer is one of the group of aramid fibers such as meta-aramid or para-aramid fibers, poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPD-T)), copolymers of aramids and Poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPD-T)), nylon, polyvinyl alcohol and highly doped polyethylene or mixtures thereof.
In einer weiteren Ausführungsvariante des erfindungsgemäßen flexiblen Verbundmaterials ist als flexible Schicht aus einem kohlenstofffaserhaltigen Material solche aus der Gruppe der Kohlefasern auf Zellulosebasis, Polyacrylnitril(PAN), Pech, CFK-Werkstoffe oder ähnliche.In a further embodiment of the flexible composite material according to the invention is as a flexible layer of a carbon fiber-containing material from the group of carbon fibers based on cellulose, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), pitch, CFRP materials or the like.
In einer weiteren Variante des erfindungsgemäßen flexiblen Verbundmaterials wird nach dem Aushärten des flexiblen Verbundmaterials auf die Unterseite der Grundschicht des flexiblen Verbundmaterials mit einer Klebeschicht benetzt.In a further variant of the flexible composite material according to the invention, after the flexible composite material has cured on the underside of the base layer of the flexible composite material, it is wetted with an adhesive layer.
Als glasfaserverstärkte Kunststoffe werden im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung Verbundwerkstoffe aus einer Kombination einer Kombination von einem dreidimensionalen System aus Polymeren und als Verstärker wirkenden Glasfasern verstanden. Die zur Faserverstärkung verwendeten Glasmaterialien liegen in dem glasfaserverstärktem oder kohlefaserverstärktem Kunststoff als Faser, Garn, Vlies, Gewebe, Gewirke oder Matte vor. Erfindungsgemäß können als Kunststoff sowohl Duroplaste, Epoxidharze, ungesättigte Polyesterharze, Phenol- und Furanharze- als auch Polyamide, Polycarbonate, Polyurethane, Polyacteale, Polyphenylenoxide, Polypropylene und Styrolcopolymere verwendet werden. Das Verhältnis des Verstärkerstoffs zu dem eingesetzten Kunststoff liegt im Bereich von 1 bis 90 vor. Hierbei ist die Flexibilität der glasfaserverstärkten oder kohlefaserverstärkten Kunststoffe als Faser, Garn, Vlies, Gewebe, Gewirke oder Matte entscheidend.In the context of the present invention, glass fiber-reinforced plastics are composites of a combination of a combination of a three-dimensional system of polymers and glass fibers acting as an amplifier. The glass materials used for fiber reinforcement are present in the glass fiber reinforced or carbon fiber reinforced plastic as fiber, yarn, nonwoven, woven, knitted or mat. Thermoplastics, epoxy resins, unsaturated polyester resins, phenolic and furan resins as well as polyamides, polycarbonates, polyurethanes, polyactiles, polyphenylene oxides, polypropylenes and styrene copolymers can be used according to the invention as the plastic. The ratio of the reinforcing material to the plastic used is in the range of 1 to 90. Here, the flexibility of glass fiber reinforced or carbon fiber reinforced plastics as fiber, yarn, nonwoven, woven, knitted or mat is crucial.
Die Matrix des erfindungsgemäßen kunststoffhaltigen Systems besteht aus einem bauschigen Nonwoven-Material z.B. aus einer gekräuselten nicht-elastischen Stapelfaser, die der flammenhemmenden Faser entspricht. Beispielhaft seien Polyesterfasern und Aramidfasern, Polyester-Stapelfasern, Stapelfasern oder gemischte Stapelfasern aus Polyethylenterephthalat, Polybutylenterephthalat, Polytetramethylenterephthalat, Poly-1 ,4- dimethylcyclohexanterephthalat, Polyethylennaphthalat, Polypivalolacton und Copolyester hiervon, Polyester und Mehrkomponenten-Stapelfasern aus zwei oder mehr von diesen PoIy- estern. Die bevorzugten Polyesterfasern enthalten eine Phosphor- oder Halogen- Verbindung, um die Flammschutzwirkung und Wärmebeständigkeit zu verbessern.The matrix of the plastic-containing system according to the invention consists of a bulky nonwoven material, for example of a crimped non-elastic staple fiber, which corresponds to the flame-retardant fiber. By way of example, polyester fibers and Aramid fibers, polyester staple fibers, staple fibers or mixed staple fibers of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polytetramethylene terephthalate, poly-1,4-dimethylcyclohexane terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, polypivalolactone and copolyester thereof, polyesters and multi-component staple fibers of two or more of these polyesters. The preferred polyester fibers contain a phosphorus or halogen compound to improve flame retardancy and heat resistance.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung wird unter dem Begriff „Faser" eine langer, biegsamer, kohäsiver, natürlicher oder synthetisch hergestellter fadenförmigen Gegenstand, wie ein Monofilament, Stapelfaser, Filament oder dergleichen verstanden. Eine für die Erfindung brauchbare Faser hat vorzugsweise eine Länge von mindestens dem Hundertfachen ihres Durchmessers oder ihrer Dicke. Die Fasern können angesehen werden als in der Form von Einheiten vorliegend, die mit bekannten Techniken hergestellt werden zu Garnen oder dergleichen. Fasern können durch bekannte Techniken zu Geweben oder Vliesen (insbesondere Textilien) verarbeitet werden, einschließlich Weben, Stricken, Flechten, Verfilzen, Zwirnen, Ausbildung von Matten, Nadeln, Pressen und dergleichen.In the context of the present invention, the term "fiber" is understood to mean a long, flexible, cohesive, natural or synthetically produced thread-like article such as a monofilament, staple fiber, filament or the like A fiber useful for the invention preferably has a length of at least that The fibers may be considered to be in the form of units made by known techniques into yarns or the like Fibers may be made into woven or nonwoven fabrics (especially textiles) by known techniques, including weaving, Knitting, braiding, felting, twisting, forming mats, needles, presses and the like.
Bevorzugt sind Fasern wie solche, die zum Spinnen zu Garnen oder dergleichen verwendet werden mit einer Länge von mindestens etwa 5 mm. Fasern, wie sie beispielsweise abgeleitet sind aus Cellulose, wie sie für die Herstellung von Papier verwendet werden, können verwendet werden zusammen mit langen Fasern, wie zuvor angegeben, und wie sie dem Fachmann gut bekannt sind.Preferred are fibers such as those used for spinning into yarns or the like having a length of at least about 5 mm. Fibers, such as those derived from cellulose, as used in the manufacture of paper, may be used along with long fibers, as previously indicated, and as are well known to those skilled in the art.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung wird unter dem Begriff „Filament" Fasern Undefinierter Länge verstanden. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung wird der Begriff „Garn" zur Bezeichnung eines kontinuierlichen Stranges aus einer Vielzahl von Fasern, Filamenten oder dergleichen in Bündelform, der geeignet sein kann zum Stricken, Weben oder anderweitiger Form zur Ausbildung eines Textilmaterials. Garn kann aus einer Zahl von Fasern hergestellt werden, die miteinander verzwirnt sind oder aus einer Zahl von Filamenten, die zusammengelegt sind ohne Verzwirnen (einem nicht gezwirnten Garn).Eine flexible poröse Bahn, die als Ausgangsmaterial für die Erfindung verwendet wird, ist im Allgemeinen und üblicherweise im Wesentlichen plan oder flach und hat im Allgemeinen einander gegenüberliegende parallele Außenoberflächen. Solch eine Bahn hat einen dreidimensionalen Aufbau mit einer Vielzahl von Fasern und dazwischen angeordneten Zwischenräumen oder ist eine Matrix mit offenen Zellen oder Poren. Die Matrix kann aus polymeren Feststoffen, einschließlich Fasern und nicht faserigen Bestandteilen bestehen. Nicht fasrige Bestandteile, wie teilchenförmige Füllstoffe, Bindemittel, Farbstoffe, Schlichten können den Fasern in der Bahn zugefügt werden. Bevorzugte Bahnen weisen mindestens 85% ihres Aufbaues aus faserförmigen oder Fasermaterialien auf und sind unbehandelt mit jeglichem Schlichtmittel, Beschichtung oder Dergleichen. Zusätzlich können als flexible Grundschicht auch Leder (einschließlich natürlicher und synthetisch hergestellte Leder), aufgeschäumte Kunststofffolien oder Filme mit offenen Zellen erstanden werden Aufgeschäumte Kunststofffolien oder Filme als Träger werden entweder durch Formulieren eines Aufschäummittels mit einem Harz oder durch Einblasen von Luft in eine flüchtige Flüssigkeit in das noch flüssige Polymer während seiner Ausformung in eine Folie oder Film hergestellt. Ein aufgeschäumter Träger weist einen Innenaufbau auf, der gekennzeichnet ist durch ein Netzwerk von Gasräumen oder Zellen, die den geschäumten Träger weniger dicht machen als das feste Polymer. Aufgeschäumte Folien oder Filme, die erfindungsgemäß als Ausgangsträgermaterialien verwendet werden, sind flexibel und haben einen offenzelligen Aufbau. Hierbei ist erfindungsgemäß auf die Flexibilität und Verformbarkeit zu achten, wie sie bei den Geweben, Gewirken, Matten, Vliesen und ähnlichen vorliegt.In the context of the present invention, the term "yarn" is understood to mean fibers of defined length In the context of the present invention, the term "yarn" is used to designate a continuous strand of a plurality of fibers, filaments or the like in bundle form, which may be suitable for Knitting, weaving or otherwise forming a textile material. Yarn may be made from a number of fibers that are twisted together or from a number of filaments that are folded together without twisting (a non-twisted yarn). A flexible porous web used as the starting material for the invention is generally and usually substantially planar or flat, and generally has opposing parallel outer surfaces. Such a web has a three-dimensional construction with a plurality of fibers and interstices therebetween or is a matrix with open cells or pores. The matrix may consist of polymeric solids, including fibers and non-fibrous components. Non-fibrous ingredients such as particulate fillers, binders, dyes, sizing agents can be added to the fibers in the web. Preferred webs have at least 85% of their fibrous or fibrous construction and are untreated with any sizing agent, coating or the like. In addition, as a flexible base layer, leather (including natural and synthetic leathers), foamed plastic films, or open cell films can be obtained. Foamed plastic films or films as carriers are formed either by formulating a foaming agent with a resin or by blowing air into a volatile liquid made the still liquid polymer during its formation in a film or film. A foamed carrier has an internal structure characterized by a network of gas spaces or cells which make the foamed carrier less dense than the solid polymer. Foamed films or films which are used in accordance with the invention as starting carrier materials are flexible and have an open-cell structure. This is according to the invention to pay attention to the flexibility and deformability, as it exists in the tissues, knitted fabrics, mats, nonwovens and the like.
Im Rahmen der Erfindung können ebenfalls synthetische Leder in zwei generelle Kategorien eingeteilt werden, beschichtete Gewebe und Poromerics. Synthetische Leder, die Poromerics sind, werden so hergestellt, dass sie möglichst lederähnlich sind bezüglich Atmungsaktivität und Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit als auch bezüglich Bearbeitbarkeit, Maschinenverträglichkeit und anderer Eigenschaften. Synthetische Leder, die beschichtete Gewebe sind, weisen wie Porometrics ein Gleichgewicht von physikalischen Eigenschaften und wirtschaftlichen Überlegungen auf. Üblicherweise ist die Beschichtung entweder ein Vinylpolymer oder ein Polyurethan. Vinylbeschichtungen können entweder fest oder expandierte Vinylpolymere sein, die inneren Luftblasen aufweisen, wie sie üblicherweise geschlossenzellige Schäume haben. Wegen dieses Aufbaus haben sie üblicherweise eine nicht poröse Vorderoberfläche oder Aussehen. Dieser Aufbau führt zu schlechter Atmungsaktivität und Wasserdampfdurchlässigkeit. Weil jedoch das Innere oder die Rückseite porös sind, können diese Materialien für die Zwecke der Erfindung benutzt werden durch Aufbringen des härtbaren thixotropen Materials und ein oder mehrerer Modifiziermittel auf die rückseitige Oberfläche derselben.Synthetic leathers may also be classified into two general categories, coated fabrics and poromerics, within the scope of the invention. Synthetic leathers, which are Poromerics, are made to be as leather-like as possible in terms of breathability and water vapor permeability as well as machinability, machine compatibility and other properties. Synthetic leathers, which are coated fabrics, have a balance of physical properties and economic considerations, such as porometrics. Usually, the coating is either a vinyl polymer or a polyurethane. Vinyl coatings can be either solid or expanded vinyl polymers having internal air bubbles, such as those typically found in closed cell foams. Because of this structure, they usually have a non-porous front surface or appearance. This construction leads to poor breathability and water vapor permeability. However, because the interior or the back are porous, these materials can be used for the purposes of the invention by applying the curable thixotropic material and one or more modifiers to the back surface thereof.
Fasern können natürlichen oder synthetischen Ursprungs sein. Mischungen von natürlichen Fasern und synthetischen Fasern können auch verwendet werden. Beispiele von natürlichen Fasern schließen ein Baumwolle, Wolle, Seide, Jute, Leinen und dergleichen. Beispiele von synthetischen Fasern schließen ein, Acetat, Polyester (einschließlich Polyethylenterephthalat), Polyamide (einschließlich Nylon), Acrylpolymere, Olefine, Aramide, Acalone, Gläser, Modacrylpolymere, Novolide, Nitrilfasern, Rayon, Saran, Spandex, Vinylfasern, Vinyonfasem, regenerierte Cellulose, Celluloseacetate und dergleichen. Mischungen von natürlichen und synthetischen Fasern können ebenso verwendet werden. Bezüglich der flüssigen Dispersionen oder Lösungen von Fluorchemikalien, die gegebenenfalls zur Vorbehandlung der flexiblen Schichten verwendet werden können, bezieht sich der Ausdruck „Imprägnierung" auf die Penetration solcher Dispersionen oder Lösungen in die flexible Schicht und die Verteilung solcher Dispersionen in vorzugsweise gleichmäßiger Form und gesteuerter Weise in der flexible Schicht.Fibers can be of natural or synthetic origin. Mixtures of natural fibers and synthetic fibers can also be used. Examples of natural fibers include cotton, wool, silk, jute, linen and the like. Examples of synthetic fibers include acetate, polyesters (including polyethylene terephthalate), polyamides (including nylon), acrylic polymers, olefins, aramids, acalones, glasses, modacrylic polymers, novolides, nitrile fibers, rayon, sarane, spandex, vinyl fibers, vinyon fibers, regenerated cellulose, Cellulose acetates and the like. Mixtures of natural and synthetic fibers can also be used. With respect to the liquid dispersions or solutions of fluorochemicals which may optionally be used to pretreat the flexible layers, the term "impregnation" refers to the penetration of such dispersions or Solutions in the flexible layer and the distribution of such dispersions in preferably uniform shape and controlled manner in the flexible layer.
Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung bezieht sich die Aufbringung der Siliconharzzusammensetzung in eine flexible Schicht, die Verteilung dieser Zusammensetzung über die flexible Schicht und das resultierende, zumindest teilweise Benetzen, Imprägnieren von mindestens einem Teil der Fasern der flexiblen Schicht durch Siliconharzzusammensetzung, und die üblicherweise im Wesentlichen plan oder flach und hat im Allgemeinen einander gegenüberliegende parallele Außenoberflächen der mindestens zwei flexiblen Schichten, nämlich der Grundschicht und der carbofaserhaltigen flexiblen Schicht. Solch eine flexible Schicht hat einen dreidimensionalen Aufbau mit einer Vielzahl von Fasern und dazwischen angeordneten Zwischenräumen oder ist eine Matrix mit offenen Zellen oder Poren. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung kann diese Matrix aus polymeren Feststoffen, einschließlich Fasern und nicht-faserigen Bestandteilen bestehen. Nicht fasrige Bestandteile, wie teilchenförmige Füllstoffe, Bindemittel, Farbstoffe, Schlichten können den Fasern in der Bahn zugefügt werden.In the context of the present invention, the application of the silicone resin composition into a flexible layer, the distribution of this composition over the flexible layer and the resulting, at least partial wetting, impregnation of at least a portion of the fibers of the flexible layer by silicone resin composition, and usually substantially flat or flat and generally has opposing parallel outer surfaces of the at least two flexible layers, namely the base layer and the carbofiber-containing flexible layer. Such a flexible layer has a three-dimensional structure with a plurality of fibers and intermediate spaces, or is a matrix with open cells or pores. In the context of the present invention, this matrix may consist of polymeric solids, including fibers and non-fibrous constituents. Non-fibrous ingredients such as particulate fillers, binders, dyes, sizing agents can be added to the fibers in the web.
Bevorzugte flexible Schichten weisen mindestens 85% ihres Aufbaues aus faserförmigen oder Fasermaterialien auf und sind unbehandelt mit jeglichem Schlichtmittel, Beschichtung oder dergleichen.Preferred flexible layers have at least 85% of their construction of fibrous or fibrous materials and are untreated with any sizing agent, coating or the like.
Beispielhaft seien für die Aramid-Fasem z.B. meta-Aramid-Fasem oder para-Aramid-Fasem genannt. Zu dieser Gruppe gehören Poly(p-phenylenterephthalamid (PPD-T)), Copolymere von Aramiden und Poly(p-phenylenterephthalamid (PPD-T)), Nylon, Polyvinylalkohol und hochdotiertes Polyethylen. Von diesen werden die meta-Aramid-Fasern bevorzugt, weil diese nicht nur gute Flammschutzwirkung und Wärmebeständigkeit aufweisen, sondern auch erhöhte mechanische Eigenschaften, z.B. hinsichtlich Festigkeit und Modul zeigen.By way of example, for the aramid fibers, e.g. called meta-aramid fibers or para-aramid fibers. This group includes poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPD-T)), copolymers of aramids and poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPD-T)), nylon, polyvinyl alcohol and highly doped polyethylene. Of these, the meta-aramid fibers are preferred because they not only have good flame retardancy and heat resistance but also increased mechanical properties, e.g. in terms of strength and modulus.
Erfindungsgemäß werden in dem flexiblen Verbundmaterial als Siliconharze solche aus der Gruppe der Organopolysiloxane, Polyacryloxyalkylalkoxysilane, Polyvinylsilane, Polysilthian, Polysilizan, Kohlenwasserstoffpolymerisate mit einer Silicium enthaltenden Seitenkette, Polysilane oder Mischungen dieser.According to the invention in the flexible composite material as silicone resins are those from the group of organopolysiloxanes, Polyacryloxyalkylalkoxysilanes, polyvinylsilanes, Polysilthian, polysilazane, hydrocarbon polymers with a silicon-containing side chain, polysilanes or mixtures thereof.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung des Verbundmaterials umfassend:A further subject of the present invention is a process for producing the composite material comprising:
-Zusammenführen einer unteren flexiblen Grundschicht mit einer darüber liegenden carbonfaserhaltigen flexiblen Schicht; -Durchdringen der Schichten mit einer Siliconzusammensetzung, die ein Siliconharz aufweist;Bringing together a lower flexible base layer with an overlying carbon fiber-containing flexible layer; Penetrating the layers with a silicone composition comprising a silicone resin;
- Aushärtung des Siliconharzes unter Erhalt der Flexibilität der Schichten. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung wird unter dem Begriff „Durchdringung" das Aufbringen eines halbflüssigen Materials auf eine oder beide Seiten eines textilen Materials zu beschreiben. Wenn die Beschichtung getrocknet wurde bildet sie eine Bindung mit dem textilen Material.- Curing of the silicone resin while maintaining the flexibility of the layers. In the context of the present invention, the term "permeation" describes the application of a semi-liquid material to one or both sides of a textile material. When the coating has dried, it forms a bond with the textile material.
Diese Beschichtung hüllt ein und/oder umgibt und/oder kapselt die einzelnen Fasern, oder kleidet Zellen oder Porenwände der flexiblen Schicht. Die Dicke der Siliconharzschicht liegt im Allgemeinen im Bereich von 0,01 bis 50 pm und vorzugsweise im Bereich von 0,1 bis 20 pm.This coating envelops and / or surrounds and / or encapsulates the individual fibers, or coats cells or pore walls of the flexible layer. The thickness of the silicone resin layer is generally in the range of 0.01 to 50 μm, and preferably in the range of 0.1 to 20 μm.
Der Ausdruck „Flexibilität" bezieht sich hier auf das Vermögen des erfindungsgemäßen flexiblen Verbundmaterials, die mit einem gehärteten Polymer behandelt wurde zum Zurückkehren in den Ausgangszustand.The term "flexibility" as used herein refers to the ability of the flexible composite material of the invention treated with a cured polymer to return to the initial state.
Der hier verwendete Ausdruck „Härtung" oder „Härten" bezieht sich auf die Änderung des Zustandes, Bedingung und/oder der Struktur in einem Material wie eine härtbare Polymerzusammensetzung, die üblicherweise, jedoch nicht zwangsläufig eingeleitet wird durch mindestens eine Variable, wie Zeit, Temperatur, Strahlung, Präsenz und Menge eines Härtungskatalysators im Material oder eines Härtungsbeschleunigers oder dergleichen. Der Ausdruck „Härten" oder „gehärtet" schließt teilweise oder vollständiges Härten ein. In jedem Falle können beim Härten, wie dem Härten einer solchen Polymerzusammensetzung, die selektiv in einer flexiblen Schicht angeordnet wurde, die Bestandteile einer solchen Zusammensetzung ein oder mehrere vollständige oder unvollständige Umsetzungen erfahren, wie (a) Polymerisation, (b) Vernetzung oder (c) andere Reaktionen in Abhängigkeit von der Natur der Zusammensetzung, die gehärtet wird, den Anwendungsparametern und vorhersehbaren anderen Faktoren. Es ist klar, dass die Erfindung Polymere einschließt, die nach dem Aufbringen nicht oder nur teilweise gehärtet werden.As used herein, the term "cure" or "cure" refers to the change in state, condition, and / or structure in a material, such as a curable polymer composition, which is usually, but not necessarily, initiated by at least one variable, such as time, temperature , Radiation, presence and amount of a curing catalyst in the material or a curing accelerator or the like. The term "hardening" or "hardened" includes partial or complete curing. In any case, upon curing, such as curing such a polymer composition selectively disposed in a flexible layer, the components of such a composition may undergo one or more complete or incomplete reactions, such as (a) polymerization, (b) crosslinking or (c ) other reactions depending on the nature of the composition being cured, the application parameters and other predictable factors. It will be understood that the invention includes polymers that are not or only partially cured after application.
In einer weiteren erfindungsgemäßen Variante des Verfahrens zur Herstellung des erfindungsgemäßen flexiblen Verbundmaterials ist dieses so ausgestaltet, dass die unterschiedlichen flexiblen Schichten vor dem Zusammenführen durch eine Vorrichtung geführt werden und von beiden Seiten besprüht, imprägniert oder gesättigt werden und dann zusammengeführt und gepresst werden, ohne dass sich nach dem Aushärten des Siliconharzes die Flexibilität stark erniedrigt.In a further variant of the method according to the invention for producing the flexible composite material according to the invention, the latter is designed so that the different flexible layers are passed through a device before being brought together and sprayed, impregnated or saturated from both sides and then brought together and pressed without after the curing of the silicone resin, the flexibility greatly reduced.
In einer weiteren Variante des Herstellungsverfahrens ist zwischen der Grundschicht und der kohlenstofffaserhaltigen flexiblen Schicht mindestens eine weitere flexible Schicht angeordnet. Hierbei kann es sich auch um glasfaserverstärkte Kunststoffe handeln, die ebenfalls als flexible Schichten definiert sind. Während des Herstellungsverfahrens kann die Viskosität der Siliconharzzusammensetzung während des Auftrags verringert werden. Vorteilhafterweise wird hierdurch dieIn a further variant of the production method, at least one further flexible layer is arranged between the base layer and the carbon fiber-containing flexible layer. These may also be glass fiber reinforced plastics, which are also defined as flexible layers. During the manufacturing process, the viscosity of the silicone resin composition may be reduced during the application. Advantageously, this is the
Durchdringung der unterschiedlichen flexiblen Schichten erleichtert.Penetration of the different flexible layers easier.
Bevorzugt erfolgt das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren bei einer Viskositätserniedrigung derPreferably, the inventive method is carried out at a viscosity reduction of
Siliconharzzusammensetzung mittels Besprühung gegebenenfalls mit einer Imprägnierung.Silicone resin composition by spraying optionally with an impregnation.
Bei der Viskositätserniedrigung der Siliconharzzusammensetzung erfolgt diese bei 25°C und liegt im Bereich von größer 1000 mPa s bis 2000000 mPa s bei einer Schergeschwindigkeit von 10 "1/s.In the viscosity reduction of the silicone resin composition, this is carried out at 25 ° C and is in the range of greater than 1000 mPa s to 2000000 mPa s at a shear rate of 10 " 1 / s.
Die Aushärtung des Siliconharzes erfolgt mittels Temperatur im Bereich von 80 bis 3000C fürThe curing of the silicone resin by means of temperature in the range of 80 to 300 0 C for
20 sec bis 300 sec, gegebenenfalls mittels Unterdruck.20 sec to 300 sec, optionally by means of negative pressure.
Bevorzugt werden Temperaturen im Bereich von 1200C bis 177°C und Aushärtzeiten imPreference is given to temperatures in the range of 120 0 C to 177 ° C and curing times in
Bereich von 30 sec. bis zu 1 min. verwendet.Range from 30 sec. To 1 min. used.
Optional können sowohl längere als auch kürzere Härtungszeiten und -temperaturen verwendet werden, wenn eine Wärmehärtung erfolgt. Die Strahlungshärtung mit einem Elektronenstrahl oder ultraviolettem Licht kann ebenfalls für das erfindungsgemäße Produkt verwendet werden. In Ausnahmefällen können ebenfalls Platinkatalysatoren eingesetzt werden. Hierbei ist jedoch zu beachten, dass beim Einsatz von Platinkatalysatoren das Härten beschleunigt wird und bei der Nutzung bevorzugt bei niedrigen Temperaturen und kurzen Härtungszeiten gearbeitet wird.Optionally, both longer and shorter cure times and temperatures may be used if heat set. The radiation curing with an electron beam or ultraviolet light can also be used for the product according to the invention. In exceptional cases, platinum catalysts can also be used. It should be noted, however, that when using platinum catalysts, the curing is accelerated and is preferred in the use of low temperatures and short curing times.
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In einer weiteren Variante des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens wird nach dem Aushärten des flexiblen Verbundmaterials die Unterseite der Grundschicht des flexiblen Verbundmaterials mit einer Klebeschicht benetzt.In a further variant of the method according to the invention, after the flexible composite material has cured, the underside of the base layer of the flexible composite material is wetted with an adhesive layer.
Ein weiterer Gegenstand der vorliegenden Erfindung ist die Verwendung des flexiblen Verbundmaterials als Innenmaterial für die Auskleidung von Kraftfahrzeugen. Hierbei erfolgt die Verwendung des flexiblen Verbundmaterials als Seitenverkleidung für Türen oder als Cockpitobermaterial in Kraftfahrzeugen oder als Außenmaterial für motorgetriebene Fahrzeuge zu Wasser zu Lande und in der Luft. Another object of the present invention is the use of the flexible composite material as an inner material for the lining of motor vehicles. Here, the use of the flexible composite material as side paneling for doors or as a cockpit upper material in automobiles or as outer material for motor-driven vehicles takes place on land and in the air.

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
1. Flexibles Verbundmaterial, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es aus a. einer ersten flexiblen Schicht, der Grundschicht, aus der Gruppe von Fasern, Geweben, Gewirken, Vliesen, Matten, oder ähnlichem, b. gegebenenfalls einer weiteren flexiblen Schicht gemäß der ersten Schicht, c. einer weiteren flexiblen Schicht aus einem carbonfaserhaltigen Material und d. einem die flexiblen Schichte tränkenden Harz, das die Flexibilität der Schichten aufrecht erhält. besteht.1. Flexible composite material, characterized in that it consists of a. a first flexible layer, the base layer, from the group of fibers, fabrics, knits, nonwovens, mats, or the like, b. optionally a further flexible layer according to the first layer, c. another flexible layer of a carbon fiber-containing material and d. a flexible layer soaking resin which maintains the flexibility of the layers. consists.
2. Flexibles Verbundmaterial nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass mindestens eine weitere flexible Schicht zwischen der flexiblen Grundschicht und der carbonfaserhaltigen Schicht angeordnet ist.2. Flexible composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one further flexible layer between the flexible base layer and the carbon fiber-containing layer is arranged.
3. Flexibles Verbundmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als carbonfaserhaltigen Material solche aus der Gruppe der Kohlefasern auf Zellulosebasis, Polyacrylnitril(PAN), Pech, CFK-Werkstoffe oder ähnliche und/oder Mischungen dieser verwendet werden.3. Flexible composite material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as carbon fiber-containing material from the group of cellulose-based carbon fibers, polyacrylonitrile (PAN), pitch, CFRP materials or similar and / or mixtures thereof are used.
4. Flexibles Verbundmaterial nach einem der vorhergehende Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als flexible Schicht oberhalb der Grundschicht, und unterhalb der carbonfaserhaltigen Schicht, eine solche aus der Gruppe von Aramid-Fasern wie meta-Aramid-Fasern oder para-Aramid-Fasern, Poly(p- phenylenterephthalamid (PPD-T)), Copolymere von Aramiden und Poly(p- phenylenterephthalamid (PPD-T)), Nylon, Polyvinylalkohol und hochdotiertes Polyethylen oder Mischungen dieser verwendet werden.4. Flexible composite material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as a flexible layer above the base layer, and below the carbon fiber-containing layer, one of the group of aramid fibers such as meta-aramid fibers or para-aramid fibers, poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPD-T)), copolymers of aramids and poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide (PPD-T)), nylon, polyvinyl alcohol and highly doped polyethylene, or mixtures thereof.
5. Flexibles Verbundmaterial nach einem der vorhergehende Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als flexible Schicht oberhalb der Grundschicht, und unterhalb der carbonfaserhaltigen Schicht, eine solche aus der Gruppe von natürlichen Stoffen wie Jute, Leinen, Baumwolle, Wolle oder ähnlichem oder aber aus Kunststoffen wie Nylon, Polyacrylaten, Polyvinylalkohol, Polypropylen, Polyethylen und hochdotiertes Polyethylen oder ähnliche sowie Mischungen dieser eingesetzt werden. 5. Flexible composite material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as a flexible layer above the base layer, and below the carbon fiber-containing layer, such from the group of natural materials such as jute, linen, cotton, wool or the like or of plastics such Nylon, polyacrylates, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene, polyethylene and highly doped polyethylene or the like, and mixtures of these can be used.
6. Flexibles Verbundmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Grundschicht aus einem natürlichen Material wie Seide, Jute, Wolle, Baumwolle, oder Kunststoffen, die als Fasern oder Garne hergestellt werden.Flexible composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base layer is made of a natural material such as silk, jute, wool, cotton or plastics, which are produced as fibers or yarns.
7. Flexibles Verbundmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Harz, das alle flexiblen Schichten verbindet ein Siliconharz ist.A flexible composite material according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the resin connecting all the flexible layers is a silicone resin.
8. Flexibles Verbundmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Siliconharze solche aus der Gruppe der Organopolysiloxane, Polyacryloxyalkylalkoxysilane, Polyvinylsilane, Polysilthian, Polysilizan, Kohlenwasserstoffpolymerisate mit einer Silicium enthaltenden Seitenkette, Polysilane oder Mischungen dieser.8. Flexible composite material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that as silicone resins are those from the group of organopolysiloxanes, Polyacryloxyalkylalkoxysilanes, polyvinylsilanes, Polysilthian, polysilazane, hydrocarbon polymers with a silicon-containing side chain, polysilanes or mixtures thereof.
9. Flexibles Verbundmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Siliconharzzusammensetzungen bei 25°C eine Viskosität aufweist, die im Bereich von größer 1000 mPa s bis 2000000 mPa s bei einer Schergeschwindigkeit von 10 "Vs liegt.9. Flexible composite material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that silicone resin compositions at 25 ° C has a viscosity which is in the range of greater than 1000 mPa s to 2000000 mPa s at a shear rate of 10 " Vs.
10. Flexibles Verbundmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbundmaterial transparent und durchsichtig ausgebildet ist.10. Flexible composite material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite material is transparent and transparent.
11. Flexibles Verbundmaterial nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Verbundmaterial transparent und durchsichtig ausgebildet ist und die carbonfaserhaltige flexible Schicht erkennbar ist.11. Flexible composite material according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composite material is transparent and transparent and the carbon fiber-containing flexible layer is recognizable.
12. Verfahren zur Herstellung des Verbundmaterials nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche umfassend: a. Zusammenführen einer unteren flexiblen Grundschicht mit einer darüber liegenden carbonfaserhaltigen flexiblen Schicht; b. Durchdringen der Schichten mit einer Siliconzusammensetzung, die ein Siliconharz aufweist; c. Aushärtung des Siliconharzes unter Erhalt der Flexibilität der Schichten.12. A method for producing the composite material according to one of the preceding claims comprising: a. Merging a lower flexible base layer with an overlying carbon fiber-containing flexible layer; b. Penetrating the layers with a silicone composition comprising a silicone resin; c. Curing the silicone resin while maintaining the flexibility of the layers.
13. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass zwischen der flexiblen Grundschicht und der kohlenstofffaserhaltigen flexiblen Schicht mindestens eine weitere flexible Schicht angeordnet ist. 13. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that between the flexible base layer and the carbon fiber-containing flexible layer at least one further flexible layer is arranged.
14. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Viskosität der Siliconharzzusammensetzung während des Auftrags verringert wird.14. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the viscosity of the silicone resin composition is reduced during the job.
15. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11 dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Viskosität der Siliconharzzusammensetzung bei 25CC eine Viskosität aufweist, die im Bereich von größer 1000 mPa s bis 2000000 mPa s bei einer Schergeschwindigkeit von 10 -Vs liegt.15. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the viscosity of the silicone resin composition at 25 C C has a viscosity which is in the range of greater than 1000 mPa s to 2000000 mPa s at a shear rate of 10 -Vs.
16. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11 oder 14, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach dem Auftrag der Siliconharzzusammensetzung diese mittels Temperatur und gegebenenfalls Unterdruck die Viskosität erhöht wird und die Aushärtung erfolgt.16. The method according to claim 11 or 14, characterized in that after the application of the silicone resin composition, this is increased by means of temperature and optionally negative pressure, the viscosity and the curing takes place.
17. Verfahren nach Anspruch 11 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das ausgehärtete flexible Verbundmaterial mit einer Klebeschicht unterhalb der ersten flexiblen Grundschicht benetzt wird.17. The method according to claim 11, characterized in that the cured flexible composite material is wetted with an adhesive layer below the first flexible base layer.
18. Verwendung des flexiblen Verbundmaterials nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche als Innenmaterial für die Auskleidung von Kraftfahrzeugen.18. Use of the flexible composite material according to one of the preceding claims as an inner material for the lining of motor vehicles.
19. Verwendung des flexiblen Verbundmaterials nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche als Seitenverkleidung für Türen oder als Cockpitobermaterial in Kraftfahrzeugen19. Use of the flexible composite material according to one of the preceding claims as a side panel for doors or as a cockpit upper in motor vehicles
20. Verwendung des flexiblen Verbundmaterials nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche als Außenmaterial für motorgetriebene Fahrzeuge zu Wasser zu Lande und in der Luft. 20. Use of the flexible composite material according to any one of the preceding claims as an outer material for motor-powered vehicles on land and in the air.
PCT/DE2009/001640 2008-11-20 2009-11-20 Flexible bond system having material containing carbon fibers, a method for the production thereof, and the use thereof WO2010057478A2 (en)

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