WO2010054989A2

WO2010054989A2 - Anti-slip coating

Info

Publication number: WO2010054989A2
Application number: PCT/EP2009/064754
Authority: WO
Inventors: Friedrich Wagner
Original assignee: Friedrich Wagner
Priority date: 2008-11-17
Filing date: 2009-11-06
Publication date: 2010-05-20
Also published as: AT507642A1; WO2010054989A3

Abstract

The invention relates to a slip-resistant coating and the processing of synthetic, pyrogenic silicic acid in nanoparticle form as an additive in a composition or mixture for use as a slip-resistant coating or floor covering having slip-resistant characteristics. An aqueous epoxy dispersion is diluted with organic solvents, and then the hydrophobic, pyrogenic silicic acid in nanoparticle form and other additives are introduced to produce a coating compound.

Description

ANTI-SLIP COATING

The invention relates to an anti-slip coating and the processing of synthetic silica in nano-particle form as an additive in a composition or mixture, for use as a slip-resistant coating or floor covering with anti-slip properties.

With the terms skid resistance, slip resistance or slip resistance properties of floor coverings are summarized with and without reference to slip-promoting substances. In many countries, there are regulations and requirements for the slip resistance of floor coverings, especially in industrial workspaces, but also in hospitals, shopping centers, kitchens, toilets, swimming pools or generally wet areas.

According to the test standard DIN 51130 there are 5 slip resistance classes. For the associated

Test method, the test pad is placed on a test rig and with a specific

Quantity of engine oil, or in another test method with water, wetted. A test person commits the covering with standardized working shoes while lifting it on one side. Of the

The angle at which the examiner slips or feels insecure is determined and transferred to the following slip resistance classes:

R9 means: low coefficient of friction; Inclination angle> 3 ° - 10 °

RIO means: normal friction coefficient; Inclination angle> 10 ° - 19 ° Rl 1 means: increased coefficient of friction; Inclination angle> 19 ° - 27 °

R12 means: high static friction value; Inclination angle> 27 ° - 35 °

Rl 3 means: very high friction coefficient; Inclination angle> 35 °

An alternative evaluation procedure was established by the University of Wuppertal and determines friction coefficients in μ. However, it is comparable only with the same test conditions and should not be converted.

In this case, a coefficient of friction of up to μ = 0.3 (corresponds to an inclination angle of 16.7 °) is judged to be less secure. A friction coefficient of up to μ = 0.45 (corresponds to an inclination angle of 24.2 °) as conditionally sure judged. A coefficient of friction of up to μ = 0.50 (corresponding to a tilt angle of 31.1 °) is considered safe. Everything about it as very safe. For new buildings, builders and architects are increasingly paying attention to the required slip resistance classes when selecting floor coverings. More problematic is the retrofitting of old systems in which not the flooring material can be replaced, but by a new coating of the floor covering the required Slip safety class must be adjusted.

Compositions and mixtures of paints and transparent binders are known which are offered as slip-resistant and non-slip floor coverings. In applications with non-exceptional stress in the home, business and public sector, and in particular if there is sufficient time to dry the coating, the known coatings also show more or less good levels of slip resistance and slip resistance.

However, a major problem for commercial application is the long drying times of known coatings. The coatings known in the art use e.g. volatile organic

Compounds (VOCs - volatile organic compounds) as binders for epoxy- or acrylic-based compositions. Such coatings have slow curing properties of up to 12 hours at 20 ^° C. for drying and 24 hours for accessibility. For full cure under standard atmospheric conditions, 5 to 7 days are required for such coatings.

For acrylic-based compositions, the addition of accelerators can reduce the drying time by about 50% and make coatings passable in 4 to 6 hours. A major disadvantage of this acceleration is the strong odor, which is particularly dangerous indoors, so that the use of these coatings is often rejected by the customer.

Epoxy-based compositions have in normal case short pot life of up to 30 minutes and at standard temperature a drying time of up to 12 hours. Accelerators can significantly shorten the drying time, but also reduce the pot life and lead to significant yellowing, with more or less strong yellowing. The odor development is weaker compared to acrylic-based compounds and the abrasion values are significantly better. A serious disadvantage for the processing are the short pot lives. In addition, due to yellowing, epoxy-based compositions are often rejected by the customer.

Other known coatings with 1-component VOC polyurethane as binder and additives for slip resistance form very good height-increasing structures, but can not be stored due to the oxygen content in the synthetic silica, SiO2, and are therefore suitable only for a few applications. Taking into account the aforementioned problems and disadvantages of the prior art, the object of the invention is to develop a coating which meets the increased demands on slip resistance but also on workability.

The present invention therefore teaches a novel composition and its method of preparation and use, which is characterized in that it is an epoxy-based composition that is close to or completely free of VOCs.

Starting from an aqueous 2-component dispersion of an epoxy base substance as known from EP 1627860, the inventor succeeded in developing a further non-slip coating with outstanding quality and peculiar mixing ratios and possible applications.

For the starting composition known in the art, the "A" component, an intermediate molecular weight epoxy resin solution which can be diluted indefinitely with water, was used, for example, marketed under the name CHS-EPOXY 200 V 55 (Spolchemie, Czech Republic) In a typical anti-slip floor coating trial with this aqueous binder, with the addition of hydrophilic amorphous fumed silica in nanoparticulate form, eg aerosils of types 300 and 200, to the aqueous dispersion, clumping, flattening and sticking occurred Use of this mixture was almost impossible.

In a subsequent attempt to introduce hydrophobic synthetic silica in the aqueous binder, this remains on the surface. Only after adding MPA with a high proportion by weight of up to 20% to component "A" can the hydrophobic silica be stirred in. However, the MPA also remains on the surface due to the lower weight In its function as a structuring agent, MPA also helps to reduce the thixotropy of the added hydrophobic silica to a desired level, so that in currently known compositions up to 10-14% of hydrophobic silica can be obtained stir into component "A".

After the addition of the synthetic silica and optionally further substances, the starting mixture with component "B"_> an aqueous solution of aliphatic epoxy polyamines, which is used as a curing agent (it is sold, for example, under the name TELALIT 180 (Spolchemie, Czech Republic).) mixed.

The mixing ratio for optimum curing is given in the prior art as follows: Component "A": Component "B" corresponds to 100: 27. A final check reveals that all 3 main components are still separated and only with the addition of the "B" Component takes the real mixing and after application, with or without catalyst, goes into the curing.

The starting composition thus obtained hardens quickly and well, and is suitable for the creation of anti-slip, structured coatings. Since this composition is nearly smooth, glossy and forms only a slightly rough surface, this coating is suitable for smooth non-commercial surfaces, e.g. Bathtubs, but not for floor coverings that have to comply with the slip resistance classes RlO-Rl 3.

A decisive disadvantage is that usually at most about 10-14% of synthetic silica in nanoparticle form can be incorporated into the known coating mixture. The term "silica in nanoparticulate form" are according to the

Ancillary application and the present invention fine fumed silica particles in size ranges from 2 to 70 nm, preferably 2-10 nm, 5-25 nm, 12-30 nm, 20-35 nm, 30- 45 nm and / or 50-60 nm to understand , The synthetic silicic acid originally produced by DEGUSSA in the flame hydrolysis of chlorosilanes, as well as the further development to pyrogenic, X-ray amorphous, synthetic silica - there are hydrophilic and hydrophobic products - are hereinafter referred to uniformly as synthetic silica or with the product name Aerosil.

In an effort to develop improved compositions, a slightly unusual attempt in his compilation yielded a surprising breakthrough. By adding methoxypropylacetate (MPA) in combination with methoxypropanol or just methoxypropanol to the base component "A", the aqueous epoxy resin dispersion, it was possible to achieve a composition with significantly improved slip resistance in the same amount of synthetic silica in nanoparticle form It is also possible to add significantly higher amounts of synthetic silica to this new composition, thus also improving the slip resistance of the coating.

The essential constituents of the novel composition are consequently the components "A" and "B" and an organic solvent, namely methoxypropyl acetate (MPA) and methoxypropanol in variable mixing ratios or only methoxypropanol.

The preferred mixing ratio for optimum cure of the new composition is: Component A ": Component" B "equal to 100:26. However, it should be noted that the ratio between component "A" and the additives shifts due to the different additives (eg synthetic silica, methoxypropanol etc.) This relation factor always determines the amount of component "B" to be added. In the text which follows, the addition of component "B" will always be described with reference to component "A" for the sake of simplicity, so that if the relation factor of component "A" due to additions is for example 0.77, this value is included in the calculation and set equal to 100 according to the above-mentioned mixing ratio (100: 26).

The preferred mixing ratio of component "A" and the added organic solvent, preferably methoxypropanol or a mixture of methoxypropyl acetate and methoxypropanol, corresponds to 1: 0.15-1.6, preferably 1: 0.15, 1: 0.5, 1: 0.75, 1: 1, 1: 1.2, or 1: 1.4.

The preferred mixing ratio of the mixture of methoxypropyl acetate and methoxypropanol is infinitely adjustable from 0: 1 to 1: 1. The mixtures of methoxypropyl acetate and methoxypropanol can be made versatile depending on the nature of the use and need, since the inventive composition can be changed in their properties by the variable addition of MPA and methoxypropanol or only methoxypropanol.

Thus, depending on the mixing ratio of MPA and methoxypropanol, the structure of the non-slip coatings may be low and almost imperceptible

Structures can be adjusted to coarse and clearly visible structures. MPA is classified as a structuring agent. It is believed, without being bound to this theory, that MPA is indeed capable of reducing the strong thickening effect of synthetic silica, the thixotropy, thereby forming compositions with strong but difficult to clean structures. By the sole or further addition of

Methoxypropanol is also reduced in addition to the thixotropy of synthetic silica, moreover, it is believed that methoxypropanol acts as a thinner and so structures are formed, which are less strong and sharp-edged, but slightly rounded and therefore better to clean. The composition of the invention forms in each case a hard-tough, transparent and partially glossy coating with exceptionally good slip-resistant properties; Slip-resistance classes of Rl 1-R13 can be achieved.

According to one embodiment, the inventive composition consists of 100 g of component "A" with 5-25 g of MPA, 5-10 g of methoxypropanol and 10-15 g of synthetic silica and further constituents and 30% of component "B" based on component "A." This achieves an approximately slip-resistance class RIO.

According to another embodiment, the inventive composition consists of 100g component "A" with 5-15g MPA, 10-25g methoxypropanol and 15-25g synthetic Silica and other ingredients and 30% component "B" based on component "A". This achieves about slip resistance class Rl 1.

According to another embodiment, the inventive composition consists of 100 g of component "A" with 5-15 g of MPA, 10-55 g of methoxypropanol and 15-25 g of synthetic silicic acid and further constituents and 20% of component "B" based on component "A" Slip safety class Rl 2.

According to another embodiment, the inventive composition consists of 100g component "A" with 5-10g MPA, 55-120g methoxypropanol and 20-35g synthetic silica, 40-8Og corundum and other ingredients and 22% component "B" based on component "A "- This reaches slip resistance class Rl 2-13.

According to another embodiment, the inventive composition consists of 100 g of component "A" with 25-140 g of methoxypropanol and 15-25 g of synthetic silica, 40-80 g of corundum and further constituents and 25% of component "B" based on component "A." This achieves anti-slip class It is particularly surprising in these compositions that, by adding an organic solvent, preferably methoxypropyl acetate (MPA) and / or methoxypropanol and other organic solvents having comparable properties, to the aqueous dispersion, an increase in the stirrable total amount of synthetic silica ( 20% and more) or other additives (up to 85%) is made possible and, fortunately, an improvement in the shelf life of the composition is nevertheless achievable.

After addition of at least 20%, preferably 22%, 25%, 28%, 305, 35% and at most 40% of the component "B"_> eg Telalit 180, an aliphatic epoxy-amines as a curing agent, based on the component "A ", the MPA and / or the methoxypropanol, as well as other similarly acting solvents, is absorbed by the aqueous hardener and processed with the other proportions to form an elastic, homogeneous mixture in a very thorough mixture. This mixture can then be applied with spatulas, rollers or other methods such as spraying, more or less strong on the surfaces to be coated, and optionally with the appropriate rollers or rackets / spatulas be reworked.

Within 2 to 2.5, at the latest for 4-5 hours, the coating cures to strongly structured slip-resistant or non-slip coverings. By adding a catalyst, eg Telalit 0430, the curing time can be shortened. Ideally between 0.5 and 2% catalyst based on the component "A", preferably 0.5%, 0.75%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.3%, 1.6% or 1.9 % added.

The coating mixtures of the aqueous epoxy resin solutions are named in the following EPSPOL and are classified according to an embodiment in different requirement classes (all classes are also upwards, divisible).

EPSPOL "light" with 5-8% addition of synthetic silicic acid, e.g., Aerosil R 805 EPSPOL "medium" with 8.5-10% addition of synthetic silicic acid, e.g. Aerosil R 805 EPSPOL "strong" with 10.5-14% addition of synthetic silicic acid, for example Aerosil R 805 EPSPOL "super" with 14.5-20% addition of synthetic silicic acid, e.g. Aerosil R 805 Aerosil R 805 is selected as an example of a hydrophobic, amorphous, fumed silica. Other types of hydrophobic, fumed, synthetic silicic acid could also be used.

Depending on the requirement class and the added amounts of MPA (or similar solvents), synthetic silica, defoamer, silane or / and other additives, the ratio between component "A" and the additives changes

As described above, the relation factor always determines the amount of component "B" to be added in relation to component "A". The recommended minimum addition of "B" is about 20%, but it can also be 30% and 40%, or any part in between.With 20% "B" and minimum solvent, the mixture is somewhat viscous elastic and forms Structures that are stiffer and do not tend to flow.

Such a coating composition may be sprayed, besides the usual application by means of a spatula, brush or roller, also with high performance and high pressure sprayers (e.g., GRACO) and the respective spray heads, to obtain non-slip coatings directly and in very uniform, fine, non-flowing structures. In such an application method, a subsequent processing step to intensify the slip-resistant structures is unnecessary.

According to a further embodiment, the composition can also be applied or sprayed several times in order to intensify the anti-slip inhibition and to achieve a high abrasion resistance. Coatings with more solvent and a higher proportion of component "B" give less rigid structures, but cure equally well Such structures are still very good anti-slip, they are better and more wavy if they are finer and wavy Hygienic to clean, which is a required target especially in wet areas, clinics and swimming pools.

In all the mixtures mentioned, the proportion of synthetic silica is about 8-20%. This is a standard measure and it is difficult due to the strong thixotropy, but it is possible by the inventive composition to get higher proportions up to 30% or more.

Depending on the proportion of synthetic silica or Aerosil R 805 on the mixture and depending on the initially added amount of solvent, the composition of the invention stirs more elastic-tough or slightly softer. In any case, it is very good to apply to all surfaces - tiles, stone, metal, wood, concrete, elastomers, PVC, laminate, etc - and forms structural coatings with anti-slip properties up to absolutely non-slip properties.

In addition to improving the storage quality, increasing the total amount of synthetic silica which can be stirred in or other additives and simultaneously shortening the drying time, it can be seen that the abrasion and scratch resistance of the coating is significantly higher than the values achieved with known coatings.

One such example is the blend, which can be adjusted by the content of aliphatic epoxy-polyamine in a tonnage range of up to 40%, yielding very high abrasion end products. The increased abrasion and scratch resistance is especially in compositions containing further additives, and preferably further additives which are harder than silicon, e.g. Corundum, has been observed.

For compositions that cure to coatings with Rl 1-13, the slip resistance no longer results solely from the structure, so the nano-unevenness of the coating, but is influenced by the other additives. For example, prevents the added corundum thereby by forming a permeated with synthetic silica protective layer premature abrasion of the lower-value nanoparticles of snthetic silicic acid.

For areas with extreme stress, it is advisable to use further embodiments with additional additives, because under heavy loads, the structure elevations or even tips made of epoxy, which are reinforced with synthetic silica, too little protected against shock-like abrasion or shearing. Highly stressed or highly frequented areas should therefore be coated with mixtures which are additionally filled with known fillers are reinforced. For the structure formation in binders by means of synthetic silica, it is irrelevant whether the binders are without addition or with addition of fillers.

It is interesting, however, that the inventive addition of MPA and / or methoxypropanol to the aqueous epoxy resin dispersion, in addition to the incorporation of hydrophobic synthetic silica, also the trouble-free stirring of significant proportions (up to a maximum of 75% based on the component "A") crystalline quartzite, carbides (Green Silicon Carbide (China)), or carborundum of various make and corundum in the inventive mixture allowed.

Crystalline quartzite is available in various sizes. For non-slip coatings it is suitable from 3000 MA up to 16900 MA. For the inventive

Anti-slip coating, the finest quartzites are best suited as they combine with aqueous epoxy to give very hard surfaces.

According to the hardness scale of MOHS (10 is diamond), quartz is at seven, high grade corundum at nine, and green silicon carbide at 9.5. Commercially available corundum or Green Silicon Carbide are available in sizes of usually 53-42 microns to 15-6 microns down. For the smaller sizes, the slip-resistant green silicone carbide coatings are no more than greyish.

In addition to the curing additives and thermoplastic polyurethane ball pigments (Decosoft) and other abrasion-resistant or elastic rubber particles can be stirred up to a maximum degree of filling of 70% to 85% easily in the inventive composition.

Examples:

1. For the inventive improvement according to one embodiment was used:

Component A (EPOXY 200V 55) 100.00g MPA (methoxypropyl acetate) 8.00g

Methoxypropanol 15.00g

Silane GLYMO 6.00g

Defoamer IOOg

Total 130.00g very well stirred.

Subsequent addition: Aerosil R 805 (hydrophobic) 8-10,00g is added in small quantities and stirred in by hand if necessary.

As a result, the entire content is very well done by machine.

In the resulting composition of a mixing can not be spoken in the strict sense, as in addition to the silane and the defoamer, the main ingredients

Although component "A" (EPOXY 200 V 55), MPA and the fumed silica (AEROSIL R 805) are mixed together and are present together in the mass, they are not mixed, as is evident when the mass is stored Collect MPA on the surface, on the ground or in the mass in small puddles, which dissolve again when stirred again.

Subsequent addition:

Component B (TELALIT 180) 26.00g per 100g component "A"

Catalyst (TELALIT 430) 0.5-2, Og

The composition thus obtained may be dried by means of tools, e.g. Rollers, spatulas, doctor blades or spray nozzles are applied. It dries on and off in the structures created by the work, almost without any flow.

It is thus possible to produce coatings with anti-slip class RlO-11.

2. For the inventive improvement according to another embodiment was used:

Component A (EPOXY 200 V 55) 100.00g

Methoxypropanol 140.00g

Silane GLYMO 6.00g

Defoamer 2.00g

Subsequent addition:

Aerosil R 805 (hydrophobic) 20-25,0Og

Corundum F400 40-60,0Og

Subsequent addition:

Component B (TELALIT 180) 26.00g each

Catalyst (TELALIT 430) 0.5-2, Og

The composition thus obtained can be applied by means of tools, for example rollers, spatulas or doctor blades. It dries in the structures created by the work, leaving them slightly flattened and not sharp-edged. Optionally, these structures can be post-processed after a short drying phase. Coatings with slip resistance class Rl 2-13 (result of AlIg. UnfallversicherungsAnstallt in Vienna) can be produced in this way. The coating thus produced is very easy to clean and has the highest abrasion values due to the high proportion of corundum.

3. For the inventive improvement according to another embodiment was used:

Component A (EPOXY 200 V 55) 100.00g

MPA 5.00g

Methoxypropanol 10-20.0Og

Silane GLYMO 6.00g

Defoamer 1-2,0Og

Subsequent addition:

Aerosil R 805 (hydrophobic) 8-10,00g

Corundum F400 5-15,0Og

Subsequent addition:

Component B (TELALIT 180) 26.00g each

Catalyst (TELALIT 430) 0.5-2, Og

The composition thus obtained may be dried by means of tools, e.g. Rolls, spatulas or squeegees are applied. It dries in the structures created by the work, leaving them slightly flattened and not sharp-edged.

It is thus possible to produce coatings with anti-slip class RlO-11. The coating produced in this way is ideally suited to the wet area / barefoot areas, develops a gentle shine, is very easy to clean and shows highest abrasion values due to the corundum content.

4. Further composition suitable for a barefoot / wet area

Component A (EPOXY 200 V 55) 100.00g

MPA 15.00g

Methoxypropanol 5.00g Silane GLYMO 6.00g

Defoamer 1-2,0Og Subsequent addition:

Aerosil R 805 (hydrophobic) 8 - 10,00g Subsequent addition: Component B (TELALIT 180) 30.00g per 100g Component "A"

Catalyst (TELALIT 430) 0.5-2, Og

5. Further composition suitable for heavily loaded surfaces

Component A (EPOXY 200 V 55) 100.00g

MPA 33,00g

Methoxypropanol 15.00g

Silane GLYMO 5.00g

Defoamer 1-2,0Og

Subsequent addition:

Aerosil R 805 (hydrophobic) 20-25,0Og

Corundum F400 45,00g

Subsequent addition:

Component B (TELALIT 180) 26.00g each

Catalyst (TELALIT 430) 0.5-2, Og

This coating has met the highest requirements, but can tear more easily if the order is too thick. Coating thickness should therefore be less than 1 mm. It can thus be produced coatings with slip resistance class Rl 2- 13.

Claims

A composition for anti-slip coating of surfaces containing a component "A", namely an aqueous dispersion of epoxy resin solution, and other additives and a component "B"_> namely an aliphatic Epoxypolyamine hardener, characterized in that component "A" with up to 100% of a organic solvent, namely methoxypropyl acetate (MPA) and methoxypropanol or only methoxypropanol, is stirred and as a further additive hydrophobic, amorphous, pyrogenic synthetic silica in nanoparticulate form, preferably type R 805, in a proportion of 5 - 30% based on the component "A" contains.

A composition for anti-slip coating of areas according to claim 1, containing as organic solvent a mixture of methoxypropyl acetate and methoxypropanol in the ratio of 0: 1 to 1: 1.

3. Composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that in the wetted with MPA and / or methoxypropanol component "A" further additives selected from the group of crystalline quartzite, corundum, silicone, carbides, organic spherical pigments, polyurethane particles, rubber particles or mixtures are selected from these are included.

4. A composition according to claim 3, characterized in that the selected further additives are included up to a maximum proportion of 70 to 85% based on the component "A".

5. Composition according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the composition based on the total amount of component "A" together with the additives after an addition of 20-40% of component "B" based on the component "A" a pot life of 2 - 4 hours.

6. Use of the composition according to any one of claims 1 to 5 for anti-slip coating of smooth surfaces by applying or spraying the Composition on the surface to be coated and by dipping the surface to be coated in the composition.

7. Use according to claim 6, wherein the application, the spraying or the dipping takes place several times.

8. Use according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the cured coating anti-slip skis RI l, 12 or 13 achieved.

9. A process for the preparation of a composition for anti-slip coating of smooth surfaces comprising the steps a) adding to component 'A'_> namely a component referred to component 'A' up to 140% of an organic solvent, in particular methoxypropyl acetate (MPA) and methoxypropanol aqueous dispersion of epoxy resin and other additives; b) addition of 5 to 30%, based on component "A", of hydrophobic, amorphous, pyrogenic, synthetic silica in nanoparticle form, preferably type R 805 c) stirring of the composition d) addition of based on component A 20 - 40% a component "B", namely an aliphatic Epoxypolyamine curing agent, which causes the mixing of the components and then cured with or without a catalyst.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that the organic solvent is a mixture of methoxypropyl acetate and methoxypropanol in the ratio of between 0: 1.4 to 1: 1.

11. The method according to claim 9 and 10, characterized in that based on the component "A" 0-35% MPA, preferably 5-20% MPA are added to the component "A".

12. The method according to claim 9 and 10, characterized in that based on the component "A" 5-160% methoxypropanol, preferably 15-30%, 35-55%, 40-70%, 55- 85%, 75-100% , 100-140% may be added to component "A".

13. The method according to any one of claims 9 to 12, characterized in that in the mixed with MPA and methoxypropanol component "A" further additives selected from the group of crystalline quartzite, corundum, silicon, carbides, organic spherical pigments, polyurethane particles, rubber particles or mixtures, the are stirred in before component "B" is added.