WO2010048871A1 - 通信系统、设备和方法 - Google Patents

通信系统、设备和方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2010048871A1
WO2010048871A1 PCT/CN2009/074618 CN2009074618W WO2010048871A1 WO 2010048871 A1 WO2010048871 A1 WO 2010048871A1 CN 2009074618 W CN2009074618 W CN 2009074618W WO 2010048871 A1 WO2010048871 A1 WO 2010048871A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
unit
baseband
radio frequency
units
bbu
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2009/074618
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
何勇
倪辉
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to EP09823063.4A priority Critical patent/EP2352358B1/en
Priority to BRPI0920525-0A priority patent/BRPI0920525B1/pt
Priority to EP14172994.7A priority patent/EP2782415B1/en
Publication of WO2010048871A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010048871A1/zh
Priority to US13/094,120 priority patent/US8498659B2/en
Priority to US13/929,000 priority patent/US8768416B2/en
Priority to US14/300,760 priority patent/US9225410B2/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0491—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more sectors, i.e. sector diversity
    • H04B7/0495—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more sectors, i.e. sector diversity using overlapping sectors in the same base station to implement MIMO for antennas
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B1/00—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission
    • H04B1/74—Details of transmission systems, not covered by a single one of groups H04B3/00 - H04B13/00; Details of transmission systems not characterised by the medium used for transmission for increasing reliability, e.g. using redundant or spare channels or apparatus
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0491—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas using two or more sectors, i.e. sector diversity
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W88/00—Devices specially adapted for wireless communication networks, e.g. terminals, base stations or access point devices
    • H04W88/08—Access point devices
    • H04W88/085—Access point devices with remote components
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a communication system, device, and method. Background technique
  • the base station architecture mainly includes a baseband signal processing unit, a radio frequency unit, a main control transmission clock, a power supply, a fan, and some peripheral circuits.
  • FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of a base station architecture in the prior art, as shown in FIG. 1A, except for the radio frequency unit, other parts. Physically, it can be integrated into a BBU (Base Band Unit); the RF unit can be installed in a single machine with the baseband unit, or it can be extended to an RRU (Remote Radio Unit) through a cable/optical cable interface.
  • Figure 1B is a schematic diagram of a distributed base station architecture in the prior art. As shown in Figure 1B, the BBU can be connected to the RRU through a CPRI (Common Public Radio Interface).
  • CPRI Common Public Radio Interface
  • the RF unit mainly includes digital intermediate frequency module, AD/DA (analog to digital conversion / digital to analog conversion) function module, RF transceiver channel, power amplifier module, duplexer, power supply and so on.
  • the downlink transmission channel of the radio frequency unit uses up-conversion technology to modulate the signal into the radio frequency transmission frequency band, and after filtering or amplifying or combining, the duplex filter is sent to the antenna for transmission to the wireless terminal.
  • the uplink receiving channel receives the RF signal through the antenna feed, down-converts the received signal to the intermediate frequency signal, and performs amplification processing, analog-to-digital conversion, digital down conversion, matched filtering, and AGC (Automatic Gain Control).
  • the connection port (in the case where the radio unit is an RRU, such as a CPRI interface) is sent to the BBU for processing.
  • the BBU mainly performs baseband signal processing, which includes modulation, demodulation, L2/L3 control, transmission, operation and maintenance, and the like.
  • the BBU is connected to the transmission network through a transmission interface, such as E1 /T1, Ethernet port, and connected to the base station controller, core network or other network elements.
  • a transmission interface such as E1 /T1, Ethernet port
  • Figure 1 shows a schematic diagram of a single sector using two RF units assembled to improve reliability. In this way, failure of any one of the radio units in the sector will only result in a decrease in capacity and performance of the sector, and will not cause a complete interruption of the service.
  • Embodiments of the present invention provide a communication system, apparatus, and method for reducing hardware costs while improving service reliability.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a communication system, including: a baseband unit BBU, at least two antennas, and at least two radio frequency units;
  • the at least two radio frequency units are respectively connected to the BBU;
  • Each antenna is respectively connected to at least two radio frequency units, so that signals received by the respective antennas from the same sector are respectively sent to the BBU through different radio frequency units.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a baseband unit BBU, including at least two baseband processing units, and a cross-connect matrix;
  • the baseband processing unit is configured to process received signals of the same sector from different radio frequency units;
  • the cross-connect matrix is coupled to the at least two baseband processing units for signal interaction between the at least two baseband processing units.
  • An embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication method, in a system including a baseband unit BBU, at least two antennas, and at least two radio frequency units, wherein the at least two radio frequency units are respectively connected to the BBU, each antenna Connected to at least two radio frequency units respectively; the method includes:
  • the BBU receives signals of different antennas, wherein signals received by the same antenna from each antenna are respectively sent to the BBU through different radio frequency units;
  • the BBU processes the signal.
  • the cross-connection of the radio frequency unit channel and each antenna feed line utilizes the independence of at least two transceiver channels to make the service data of a single sector pass through the channel distribution of different radio frequency units, thereby improving the base station.
  • the reliability of a single RF unit does not cause the entire sector to be interrupted. Reliability estimates can improve the reliability of the RF unit without increasing the cost of the base station hardware.
  • 1A is a schematic diagram of a base station architecture in the prior art
  • FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of a distributed base station architecture in the prior art
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a communication system in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a BBU in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a failure of a radio frequency unit in a communication system in the prior art
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of a failure of a radio frequency unit in a communication system in an embodiment of the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is another embodiment of the present invention
  • a communication system comprising: a BBU, at least two antennas, and at least two radio frequency units, each antenna being respectively connected to at least two radio frequency units.
  • a BBU baseband processor
  • each antenna being respectively connected to at least two radio frequency units.
  • each of the signals received by each antenna from the same sector is separately sent to the BBU through different radio frequency units.
  • each RF unit is connected to the BBU.
  • the BBU of the foregoing communication system includes at least two baseband processing units, each baseband processing unit further includes a forwarding subunit, and a baseband signal processing subunit;
  • the forwarding subunit is configured to: aggregate received signals of the same sector from different radio frequency units to the same baseband signal processing subunit for processing in an uplink receiving direction; and process the baseband signal in a downlink sending direction.
  • the baseband data of the same sector processed by the subunit is distributed to the corresponding radio frequency unit, and then the signal is transmitted to the corresponding sector through the cross connection of the feeder.
  • the baseband signal processing subunit is configured to: process the received signals of the same sector, and send the processed baseband data of the same sector to the forwarding subunit.
  • the BBU may further include a cross-connect matrix, and the cross-connect matrix is connected to each baseband processing unit for mutually transmitting signals exchanged between the baseband processing units.
  • the cross-connection of the radio frequency unit channel and each antenna feed line utilizes the independence of at least two transceiver channels to make the service data of a single sector pass through the channel distribution of different radio frequency units, thereby improving the base station.
  • the reliability of a single RF unit does not cause the entire sector to be interrupted. Reliability estimates can improve the reliability of the RF unit without increasing the cost of the base station hardware.
  • the radio frequency unit may be a radio remote unit RRU. Since the RRU is generally located on the tower or other relatively unsuitable maintenance, the reliability requirement may be higher; the RRU may pass the cable/optical cable.
  • the method is the same as that of the foregoing embodiment, and the specific connection manner is basically the same as that of the foregoing embodiment, and is not described here.
  • the system includes three antennas and three radio frequency units as an example, the antenna A schematic diagram of the connection with the radio frequency unit is shown in FIG. 3.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a communication system in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the two feeders of the antenna 1 are respectively connected to the transceiver channel 1 in the radio frequency unit 1 and the transceiver channel 1 in the radio frequency unit 1; the two feeder lines of the antenna 1 are respectively connected to the transceiver channel 1 in the radio frequency unit 1, and the radio frequency unit 3
  • the transceiver channels 2 are connected; the two feeders of the antenna 3 are respectively connected to the transceiver channel 1 in the radio frequency unit 3 and the transceiver channel 1 in the radio frequency unit 1.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the BBU in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the BBU includes: three baseband processing units: a baseband processing unit 10, a baseband processing unit 20, and a baseband processing unit. 30.
  • the baseband processing unit 10 further includes a forwarding subunit 11 and a baseband signal processing subunit 12;
  • the baseband processing unit 20 further includes a forwarding subunit 21, and a baseband signal processing subunit 22;
  • the baseband processing unit 30 further includes a forwarding subunit 31, and Baseband signal processing sub-unit 32.
  • the BBU may further include a cross-connect matrix 40, which is connected to each baseband processing unit for interchanging signals exchanged between the baseband processing units.
  • the cross-connect matrix 40 can be deployed inside the baseband board or on the backplane or other physical entity, and can carry forward the service data of different sectors between the baseband processing units.
  • the baseband processing unit 10 processes the signal of the sector 1
  • the baseband processing unit 20 processes the signal of the sector 2
  • the baseband processing unit 30 processes the signal of the sector 3 as an example:
  • the forwarding subunit 11 is specifically configured to: in the uplink receiving direction (user terminal -> base station), the signal of the sector 1 that receives the radio frequency unit 1 from the feeder of the antenna 1, and the radio frequency unit 2
  • the signal of sector 1 received by the feeder of antenna 1 is aggregated and transmitted to baseband signal processing sub-unit 12.
  • the forwarding subunit 11 transmits the baseband data of the sector 1 processed by the baseband signal processing subunit 12 to the radio frequency unit 1 and the radio frequency unit 2, respectively, and then passes through the radio frequency unit 1.
  • the connection between the RF unit 2 and the antenna 1 is sent to the sector 1.
  • the forwarding subunit 11 is configured to: in the uplink receiving direction (user terminal->base station), converge the received signals of the sector 1 from different radio frequency units and send the signals to the baseband signal processing unit. Processing is performed on unit 12; signals from sectors that require processing by other baseband processing units are transmitted 40 through the cross-connect matrix to the corresponding baseband processing unit. For example, the signal of the sector 3 received by the radio frequency unit 1 from the feeder of the antenna 3 is forwarded to the baseband signal processing unit 30 of the signal of the processing sector 3 through the cross-connect matrix 40 for processing; meanwhile, the receiving is from other repeaters.
  • the signal of the sector 1 forwarded by the unit (such as the forwarding subunit 21) and the signal of the sector 1 received from the feeder of the antenna 1 are aggregated (or “merged"), and then sent to the baseband signal processing subunit 12 Process it.
  • the forwarding subunit 11 separates the baseband data of the sector 1 processed by the baseband signal processing subunit 12 according to the "different antenna principle of the same sector", and transmits it to the radio frequency unit 1 through the cross connection matrix 40.
  • the radio frequency unit 2 then transmits the signal to the sector 1 through the connection of the radio frequency unit 1, the radio frequency unit 2 and the antenna 1 feed line.
  • the baseband signal processing sub-unit 12 is specifically configured to process the signal of the sector 1 transmitted by the forwarding sub-unit 11, and obtain the processed baseband data of the sector 1 and send it to the forwarding sub-unit 11.
  • the forwarding subunit 21 is specifically configured to: receive, in the uplink receiving direction, the signal of the sector 1 received by the radio frequency unit 1 from the feeder of the antenna 1, and the radio frequency unit 3 received from the feeder of the antenna 1.
  • the signal of sector 1 is aggregated and transmitted to the baseband signal processing subunit 11.
  • the forwarding sub-unit 21 transmits the baseband data of the sector 2 processed by the baseband signal processing sub-unit 22 to the radio frequency unit 2 and the radio frequency unit 3, respectively, and then passes between the radio frequency unit 2, the radio frequency unit 3 and the antenna 2.
  • the feeder is connected and the signal is sent to sector 2.
  • the baseband signal processing sub-unit 22 is specifically configured to process the signal of the sector 2 transmitted by the forwarding sub-unit 21, and obtain the processed baseband data of the sector 2 and send it to the forwarding sub-unit 21.
  • the forwarding subunit 31 is specifically configured to: in the uplink receiving direction, the signal of the sector 3 received by the radio frequency unit 1 from the feeder of the antenna 1, and the radio frequency unit 3 received from the feeder of the antenna 3
  • the signal of sector 3 is aggregated and sent to baseband signal processing sub-unit 32.
  • the forwarding sub-unit 31 will process the sector processed by the baseband signal processing sub-unit 32.
  • the baseband data of 3 is sent to the radio frequency unit 1 and the radio frequency unit 3, respectively, and then the signal is sent to the sector 3 through the connection of the radio frequency unit 1, the radio frequency unit 3 and the antenna 3.
  • the baseband signal processing sub-unit 32 is specifically configured to process the signal of the sector 3 transmitted by the forwarding sub-unit 31, and obtain the processed baseband data of the sector 3 and send it to the forwarding sub-unit 31.
  • the forwarding subunit is disposed in each baseband processing unit, that is, the forwarding function is distributedly disposed in each baseband processing unit. In addition to this distributed setting, you can also capture the centralized settings of the forwarding function.
  • a forwarding unit and at least two baseband processing units are provided.
  • the forwarding unit is configured to aggregate the received signals of the same sector from different radio frequency units into the same baseband signal processing unit for processing in the uplink receiving direction; and process the baseband processing unit in the downlink sending direction.
  • the baseband data of the same sector is respectively sent to the corresponding radio frequency unit.
  • For each baseband processing unit it is used to process the received signals of the same sector, and transmit the processed baseband data of the same sector to the forwarding unit.
  • the centralized setting mode of the forwarding function is similar to the above-described distributed setting mode in signal processing.
  • the forwarding unit in the uplink receiving direction, the received signals of the same sector from different radio frequency units are aggregated, and then forwarded to the same baseband processing unit through the cross-connect matrix for processing; in the downlink sending direction, forwarding
  • the unit separates the baseband data of the same sector processed by the baseband processing unit according to the "same antenna different antenna principle", and transmits to the different radio frequency units corresponding to the sector through the cross connection matrix.
  • the baseband processing unit the received signal of the same sector is processed, and the processed baseband data of the same sector is transmitted to the forwarding unit.
  • connection manner between the antenna and the radio frequency unit is not limited to the connection manner shown in FIG. 3 above, and other connection manners may also be used, for example, two feeder lines of the antenna 1 and the transceiver channel 1 in the radio frequency unit 1 respectively.
  • the transceiver channel 1 in the radio frequency unit 3 is connected; the two feeders of the antenna 1 are respectively connected to the transceiver channel 1 in the radio frequency unit 1, and the transceiver channel 1 in the radio frequency unit 3; the two feeders of the antenna 3 and the radio frequency unit 1 respectively Transceiver channel 2 in the radio frequency unit 1
  • the transceiver channel 2 is connected.
  • the principle is similar to that shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, and the description is not repeated here.
  • FIG. 5A A schematic diagram of a communication system in the prior art is shown in FIG. 5A.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic diagram of a failure of a radio frequency unit in a communication system in the prior art. In the system, when the radio frequency unit 1 fails, the service of the sector 1 All interrupted.
  • FIG. 5B a schematic diagram of a communication system is shown in FIG. 5B.
  • FIG. 5B is a schematic diagram of a radio frequency unit in a communication system in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • the feeders of the antenna 1 are respectively connected to the radio frequency unit 1 and the radio frequency unit. 2 on.
  • the feeders of the antenna 2 are connected to the radio frequency unit 2 and the radio frequency unit 3, respectively.
  • the feeders of the antenna 3 are connected to the radio frequency unit 3 and the radio frequency unit 1, respectively. After the failure of the radio frequency unit 1, since the other feeder of the sector 1 is connected to the radio frequency unit 2, the data can still be transmitted and received through the radio frequency unit 2, but the sector 1 is derated from the original 2T2R (2 transmissions and 2 receptions). 1T1R (1 shot and 1 close), performance slightly decreased. On the other hand, the sector 3 is also degraded in performance due to the use of a pair of transceiver channels of the radio unit 1. Therefore, when the embodiment of the present invention is used, the coverage area of the sector 1 and the sector 3 is degraded after the failure of the radio frequency unit 1. However, it will not cause interruption of the business in the radio unit 2.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication system according to another embodiment of the present invention, the antenna 1
  • the feeders are connected to the radio unit 1 and the radio unit 2, respectively.
  • the feeders of the antenna 2 are connected to the radio frequency unit 1 and the radio frequency unit 2, respectively.
  • the BBU aggregates the received sector signals from the antenna unit 1 and the radio frequency unit 1 from the antenna 1 to the same baseband signal processing unit for processing; the received radio frequency unit 1 and the radio frequency
  • the sector signals from antenna 2 transmitted by unit 2 are aggregated onto the same baseband signal processing unit for processing.
  • the BBU distributes the processed baseband data of the same sector to the corresponding radio frequency unit, and then transmits the signal to the corresponding sector through the cross connection of the feeder.
  • the specific implementation manner of the communication method under the structure is similar to the specific embodiment of the structure shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 above, and the repeated description is not repeated here.
  • connection manner and the specific implementation method of the embodiment of the present invention are similar to those of the foregoing FIG. 3 and FIG. , the description will not be repeated here.
  • the radio frequency unit may be a radio remote unit RRU. Since the RRU is generally located on the tower or other relatively unsuitable maintenance, the reliability requirement may be higher; the RRU may pass the cable/optical cable.
  • the method is the same as that of the foregoing embodiment, and the specific connection manner is basically the same as that of the foregoing embodiment, and is not described here.
  • the embodiment of the present invention further provides a communication method, which is applied to a system including a baseband unit BBU, at least two antennas, and at least two radio frequency units, where the at least two radio frequency units and the BBU respectively include:
  • the BBU receives signals of different antennas, and signals received by each antenna from the same sector are respectively sent to the BBU through different radio units.
  • the BBU processes the signal.
  • the processing of the pair of signals includes: merging the received signals from the same sector of different radio frequency units and processing them to obtain baseband data of the same sector; and transmitting the baseband data of the same sector to the corresponding radio frequency unit.
  • the cross-connection of the radio frequency unit channel and each antenna feed line utilizes the independence of at least two transceiver channels to make the service data of a single sector pass through the channel distribution of different radio frequency units, thereby improving the base station.
  • the reliability of a single RF unit does not cause the entire sector to be interrupted. Reliability estimates can improve the reliability of the RF unit without increasing the cost of the base station hardware.
  • the radio frequency unit may be a radio remote unit RRU. Since the RRU is generally located on the tower or other relatively unsuitable maintenance, the reliability requirement may be The RRU can be connected to the baseband processing unit through a cable/optical cable or the like through a CPRI interface (and of course, other protocol interfaces). The specific connection is basically the same as that of the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the present invention can be implemented by hardware or by software plus a necessary general hardware platform.
  • the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a non-volatile storage medium (which may be a CD-ROM, a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, etc.), including several The instructions are for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to perform the methods described in various embodiments of the present invention.

Abstract

本发明的实施例公开了一种通信系统、设备和方法。该通信系统包括：基带单元 BBU、至少两个天线和至少两个射频单元；所述至少两个射频单元分别与 BBU 连接；每个天线分别与至少两个射频单元连接，使所述每个天线从同一扇区接收到的信号通过不同的射频单元发送到所述 BBU。通过使用本 发明的实施例，可以提高射频单元的可靠性，而且不增加基站硬件成本。

Description

通信系统、 设备和方法 本申请要求于 2008 年 10 月 27 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200810171577.3, 发明名称为 "通信系统、 设备和方法" 以及 2008年 11月 14 日提交中国专利局、 申请号为 200810176220.4、 发明名称为 "通信系统、 设备和方法" 的中国专利申请的优先权， 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请 中。 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域， 尤其涉及一种通信系统、 设备和方法。 背景技术
基站架构主要包括基带信号处理单元、 射频单元、 主控传输时钟、 电源、 风扇以及一些外围电路； 图 1A是现有技术中基站架构的示意图， 如图 1A所 示， 除了射频单元外， 其它部分物理上可以合入 BBU (Base Band Unit, 基 带单元） ； 射频单元既可以和基带单元集中安装在一个机拒中， 也可以通过 电缆 /光缆等接口拉远成为 RRU (Remote Radio Unit, 射频拉远单元） ， 图 1B是现有技术中分布式基站架构的示意图， 如图 1B所示， 此时 BBU可以通 过 CPRI ( Common Public Radio Interface, 通用公共无线电接口 ) 与 RRU 连接。
射频单元主要包括数字中频模块， AD/DA (模拟到数字转换 /数字到模拟 转换） 功能模块， 射频收发通道， 功放模块， 双工器， 电源等。 射频单元下 行发射通道釆用上变频技术， 将信号调制到射频发射频段， 经滤波放大或合 并后， 由双工滤波器送往天线发射到无线终端。 上行接收通道通过天馈接收 射频信号， 将接收信号下变频至中频信号， 并进行放大处理、 模数转换、 数 字下变频、 匹配滤波、 AGC (Automatic Gain Control, 自动增益控制）后通 过连接口 （在射频单元为 RRU的情况下， 如 CPRI接口）发送给 BBU 进行处 理。
BBU主要完成基带信号处理， 该信号处理包括调制， 解调， L2/L3控制， 传输， 操作维护等。 BBU通过传输接口， 如 E1 /T1 , 以太口， 连接到传输网， 并连接至基站控制器、 核心网或其它网元。 拼装。如图 1所示为单个扇区使用两个射频单元拼装以提高可靠性的示意图。 这样， 当扇区内任何一个射频单元故障， 只会导致该扇区容量和性能下降， 不会导致业务完全中断。
发明人在实现本发明的过程中， 发现现有技术中的实现方式存在的问题 在于成本过高， 需要额外配置至少一个射频单元。 发明内容
本发明的实施例提供一种通信系统、 设备和方法， 用于在提高业务可靠 性的同时降低硬件成本。
本发明的实施例提供一种通信系统， 包括： 基带单元 BBU、 至少两个天 线和至少两个射频单元；
所述至少两个射频单元分别与所述 BBU连接；
每个天线分别与至少两个射频单元连接， 使所述每个天线从同一扇区接 收到的信号通过不同的射频单元分别发送到所述 BBU。
本发明的实施例还提供一种基带单元 BBU, 包括至少两个基带处理单元、 以及交叉连接矩阵；
所述基带处理单元， 用于将接收到的来自不同射频单元的同一扇区的信 号进行处理；
所述交叉连接矩阵， 与所述至少两个基带处理单元连接， 用于所述至少 两个基带处理单元间的信号交互。 本发明的实施例还提供一种通信方法， 应用于包括基带单元 BBU、 至少 两个天线和至少两个射频单元的系统中， 所述至少两个射频单元分别与所述 BBU连接， 每个天线分别与至少两个射频单元连接； 所述方法包括：
所述 BBU接收不同天线的信号， 其中每个天线从同一扇区接收到的信号 通过不同的射频单元分别发送至所述 BBU;
所述 BBU对所述信号进行处理。
与现有技术相比， 本发明的实施例具有以下优点：
本发明的实施例中， 通过射频单元通道与各天线馈线的交叉互连， 利用 至少两个收发通道的独立性， 使单个扇区的业务数据通过不同的射频单元的 通道分布处理， 提高了基站的可靠性， 单个射频单元损坏不会导致整个扇区 业务中断。 通过可靠性预计， 可以提高射频单元的可靠性， 而且不增加基站 硬件成本。 附图说明
图 1A是现有技术中基站架构的示意图；
图 1B是现有技术中分布式基站架构的示意图； 图 3是本发明的实施例中一种通信系统的示意图；
图 4是本发明的实施例中 BBU的结构示意图；
图 5A是现有技术中通信系统中的射频单元发生故障时的示意图； 图 5B是本发明的实施例中通信系统中的射频单元发生故障时的示意图； 图 6是本发明的另一实施例中通信系统的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、 特征和优点能够更加明显易懂， 下面结合附图 和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细的说明。 本发明的实施例中提供一种通信系统， 包括： BBU、 至少两个天线和至少 两个射频单元， 每个天线分别与至少两个射频单元连接。 具体的， 其中每个 每个天线从同一扇区接收到的信号通过不同的射频单元分别发送到 BBU。 另 外， 每个射频单元均与 BBU连接。
上述通信系统的 BBU中， 包括至少两个基带处理单元， 每个基带处理单 元进一步包括转发子单元、 以及基带信号处理子单元；
具体的， 转发子单元用于： 在上行接收方向上， 将接收到的来自不同射 频单元的同一扇区的信号汇聚到同一基带信号处理子单元上进行处理； 下行 发送方向上， 将基带信号处理子单元处理后的同一扇区的基带数据分发到对 应的射频单元， 之后通过馈线的交叉连接， 把信号发送到对应的扇区。
具体的， 基带信号处理子单元用于： 将接收到的同一扇区的信号进行处 理， 并将处理后的同一扇区的基带数据发送到转发子单元。
另外， BBU 中还可以包括交叉连接矩阵， 交叉连接矩阵与各基带处理单 元连接， 用于将各基带处理单元间交互的信号进行互发。
本发明的实施例中， 通过射频单元通道与各天线馈线的交叉互连， 利用 至少两个收发通道的独立性， 使单个扇区的业务数据通过不同的射频单元的 通道分布处理， 提高了基站的可靠性， 单个射频单元损坏不会导致整个扇区 业务中断。 通过可靠性预计， 可以提高射频单元的可靠性， 而且不增加基站 硬件成本。
本领域技术人员可以理解， 所述射频单元可以是射频拉远单元 RRU, 由 于 RRU—般位于塔上或者其他相对不宜维护的地方， 因此对于可靠性要求可 能会更高； RRU可以通过电缆 /光缆等方式， 经由 CPRI接口 （当然也可能是 其他协议接口）与基带处理单元连接， 具体连接方式与前述实施例基本相同， 在此不再赘述。
本发明的实施例中， 以系统中包括 3个天线和 3个射频单元为例， 天线 与射频单元间的连接示意图如图 3所示， 图 3是本发明的实施例中一种通信 系统的示意图。 其中天线 1的两个馈线分别与射频单元 1 中的收发通道 1、 以及射频单元 1中的收发通道 1连接； 天线 1的两个馈线分别与射频单元 1 中的收发通道 1、 以及射频单元 3中的收发通道 2连接； 天线 3的两个馈线 分别与射频单元 3中的收发通道 1、 以及射频单元 1中的收发通道 1连接。
该情况下， BBU的结构可以如图 4所示， 图 4是本发明的实施例中 BBU 的结构示意图， BBU包括： 三个基带处理单元： 基带处理单元 10、 基带处理 单元 20和基带处理单元 30。 基带处理单元 10进一步包括转发子单元 11、 以 及基带信号处理子单元 12 ; 基带处理单元 20进一步包括转发子单元 21、 以 及基带信号处理子单元 22 ; 基带处理单元 30进一步包括转发子单元 31、 以 及基带信号处理子单元 32。 BBU中还可以包括交叉连接矩阵 40 , 交叉连接矩 阵 40 与各基带处理单元连接， 用于将各基带处理单元间交互的信号进行互 发。
具体的，该交叉连接矩阵 40可以部署在基带板内部或背板或其它物理实 体上， 可以承载基带处理单元间不同扇区的业务数据的相互转发。
以基带处理单元 10处理扇区 1的信号、 基带处理单元 20处理扇区 2的 信号、 基带处理单元 30处理扇区 3的信号为例：
对于基带处理单元 10 , 转发子单元 11具体用于： 在上行接收方向上（用 户终端-〉基站） ， 将射频单元 1 从天线 1的馈线接收到的扇区 1的信号、 以 及射频单元 2从天线 1的馈线接收到的扇区 1的信号， 汇聚并发送到基带信 号处理子单元 12。 在下行接收方向上 （基站-〉用户终端） ， 转发子单元 11 将基带信号处理子单元 12处理后的扇区 1的基带数据分别发送到射频单元 1 和射频单元 2 , 之后通过射频单元 1、 射频单元 2与天线 1间馈线的连接， 把 信号发送到扇区 1。
具体的，转发子单元 11可用于： 在上行接收方向上（用户终端-〉基站）， 将接收到的来自不同射频单元的扇区 1 的信号汇聚后发送到基带信号处理子 单元 12上进行处理；并将需要其他基带处理单元处理的扇区的信号通过交叉 连接矩阵转 40发到相应的基带处理单元。 比如， 将射频单元 1 从天线 3的 馈线接收到的扇区 3的信号，通过交叉连接矩阵 40转发到处理扇区 3的信号 的基带信号处理单元 30上进行处理； 同时， 接收来自其它转发子单元（比如 转发子单元 21 )转发过来的扇区 1的信号， 和从天线 1的馈线接收到的扇区 1的信号进行汇聚（或称 "合并" ）后， 发送至基带信号处理子单元 12进行 处理。 在下行发送方向上， 转发子单元 11将基带信号处理子单元 12处理后 的扇区 1 的基带数据， 按照 "同扇区不同天线原则" 进行分离， 通过交叉连 接矩阵 40分别发送到射频单元 1和射频单元 2 , 之后通过射频单元 1、 射频 单元 2与天线 1馈线的连接， 把信号发送到扇区 1。
对于基带处理单元 10 , 基带信号处理子单元 12具体用于， 对转发子单 元 11发送的扇区 1的信号进行处理，得到处理后的扇区 1的基带数据并发送 到转发子单元 11。
对于基带处理单元 20 , 转发子单元 21 具体用于： 在上行接收方向上， 将射频单元 1从天线 1的馈线接收到的扇区 1的信号、 以及射频单元 3从天 线 1的馈线接收到的扇区 1的信号， 汇聚并发送到基带信号处理子单元 11。 在下行接收方向上， 转发子单元 21将基带信号处理子单元 22处理后的扇区 2的基带数据分别发送到射频单元 2和射频单元 3 , 之后通过射频单元 2、 射 频单元 3与天线 2间馈线的连接， 把信号发送到扇区 2。
对于基带处理单元 20 , 基带信号处理子单元 22具体用于， 对转发子单 元 21发送的扇区 2的信号进行处理，得到处理后的扇区 2的基带数据并发送 到转发子单元 21。
对于基带处理单元 30 , 转发子单元 31 具体用于： 在上行接收方向上， 将射频单元 1从天线 1的馈线接收到的扇区 3的信号、 以及射频单元 3从天 线 3的馈线接收到的扇区 3的信号， 汇聚并发送到基带信号处理子单元 32。 在下行接收方向上， 转发子单元 31将基带信号处理子单元 32处理后的扇区 3的基带数据分别发送到射频单元 1和射频单元 3 , 之后通过射频单元 1、 射 频单元 3与天线 3间馈线的连接， 把信号发送到扇区 3。
对于基带处理单元 30 , 基带信号处理子单元 32具体用于， 对转发子单 元 31发送的扇区 3的信号进行处理，得到处理后的扇区 3的基带数据并发送 到转发子单元 31。
上述实施例中， 在每个基带处理单元中均设置转发子单元， 即转发功能 分布式设置于每个基带处理单元中。 除了该分布式设置方式外， 还可以釆取 转发功能的集中式设置。
对于集中式设置， 设置转发单元和至少两个基带处理单元。 其中对于转 发单元， 用于在上行接收方向上， 将接收到的来自不同射频单元的同一扇区 的信号汇聚到同一基带信号处理单元上进行处理； 下行发送方向上， 将基带 处理单元处理后的同一扇区的基带数据分别向对应的射频单元发送。 对于各 个基带处理单元， 用于将接收到的同一扇区的信号进行处理， 并将处理后的 同一扇区的基带数据发送到转发单元。 对于该转发功能的集中式设置方式， 与上述分布式设置方式在信号处理上的实现方式相似。
具体的， 对于转发单元， 在上行接收方向上， 将接收到的来自不同射频 单元的同一扇区的信号汇聚后， 通过交叉连接矩阵转发到同一基带处理单元 上进行处理； 下行发送方向上， 转发单元将基带处理单元处理后的同一扇区 的基带数据按照 "同扇区不同天线原则" 进行分离， 通过交叉连接矩阵分别 向该扇区对应的不同射频单元发送。 对于基带处理单元， 用于将接收到的同 一扇区的信号进行处理 ,并将处理后的同一扇区的基带数据发送到转发单元。
另外， 对于天线和射频单元间的连接方式并不限于上述图 3所示的连接 方式， 也可以釆用其他连接方式， 如： 天线 1 的两个馈线分别与射频单元 1 中的收发通道 1、 以及射频单元 3中的收发通道 1连接； 天线 1的两个馈线 分别与射频单元 1 中的收发通道 1、 以及射频单元 3中的收发通道 1连接； 天线 3的两个馈线分别与射频单元 1中的收发通道 2、 以及射频单元 1中的 收发通道 2连接。 对于其他连接方式， 其原理与图 3和图 4所示的结构相似， 在此不进行重复描述。
现有技术中通信系统的示意图如图 5A所示， 图 5A是现有技术中通信系 统中的射频单元发生故障时的示意图， 该系统中， 当射频单元 1发生故障时， 扇区 1的业务全部中断。 本发明实施例中， 通信系统的示意图如图 5B所示， 图 5B是本发明的实施例中通信系统中的射频单元发生故障时的示意图，天线 1的馈线分别连接到射频单元 1和射频单元 2上。 天线 2的馈线分别连接到 射频单元 2和射频单元 3上。 天线 3的馈线分别连接到射频单元 3和射频单 元 1上。 当射频单元 1发生故障后， 由于扇区 1的另一根馈线连接到射频单 元 2上， 仍然能够通过射频单元 2收发数据， 只是扇区 1从原来的 2T2R ( 2 发 2收） 降额成为 1T1R ( 1发 1收） ， 性能略有下降。 另一方面， 扇区 3由 于也使用了射频单元 1 的一对收发通道， 性能也会有所下降。 因此， 使用本 发明实施例时， 在射频单元 1故障后， 虽然扇区 1和扇区 3的覆盖面积都有 所下降。 但不会造成射频单元 2中业务的中断。
上述实施例中以系统包括 3个天线和 3个射频单元为例对本发明的具体 实施方式进行了说明。 本发明的另一实施例中， 当系统包括 2个天线和 2个 射频单元时， 系统的结构如图 6所示， 图 6是本发明的另一实施例中通信系 统的结构示意图， 天线 1的馈线分别连接到射频单元 1和射频单元 2上。 天 线 2的馈线分别连接到射频单元 1和射频单元 2上。 该结构下， 在上行接收 方向上， BBU将接收到的射频单元 1和射频单元 1发送的来自天线 1的扇区 信号汇聚到同一基带信号处理单元进行处理； 将接收到的射频单元 1和射频 单元 2发送的来自天线 2的扇区信号汇聚到同一基带信号处理单元上进行处 理。 下行发送方向上， BBU 将处理后的同一扇区的基带数据分发到对应的射 频单元， 之后通过馈线的交叉连接， 把信号发送到对应的扇区。 该结构下通 信方法的具体实施方式与上述图 3和图 4所示结构下的具体实施方式相似， 在此不进行重复描述。 另外， 对于天线的馈线数量多于 2个、 每个射频单元中的收发通道多于 2个的情况， 本发明实施例的连接方式和具体实施方法与上述图 3和图 4所 示的结构相似， 在此不进行重复描述。
本领域技术人员可以理解， 所述射频单元可以是射频拉远单元 RRU, 由 于 RRU—般位于塔上或者其他相对不宜维护的地方， 因此对于可靠性要求可 能会更高； RRU可以通过电缆 /光缆等方式， 经由 CPRI接口 （当然也可能是 其他协议接口）与基带处理单元连接， 具体连接方式与前述实施例基本相同， 在此不再赘述。
本发明的实施例还提供一种通信方法， 应用于包括基带单元 BBU、 至少 两个天线和至少两个射频单元的系统中， 所述至少两个射频单元分别与 BBU 该通信方法包括：
( 1 ) BBU接收不同天线的信号， 其中每个天线从同一扇区接收到的信号 通过不同的射频单元分别发送至 BBU。
( 2 ) BBU对信号进行处理。 该对信号进行的处理包括： 将接收到的来自 不同射频单元的同一扇区的信号汇聚后进行处理，得到同一扇区的基带数据； 将同一扇区的基带数据分别向对应的射频单元发送。
本发明方法实施例的具体步骤和流程， 可以参考本发明系统实施例和装 置实施例的描述， 此处不再赘述。
本发明的实施例中， 通过射频单元通道与各天线馈线的交叉互连， 利用 至少两个收发通道的独立性， 使单个扇区的业务数据通过不同的射频单元的 通道分布处理， 提高了基站的可靠性， 单个射频单元损坏不会导致整个扇区 业务中断。 通过可靠性预计， 可以提高射频单元的可靠性， 而且不增加基站 硬件成本。
本领域技术人员可以理解， 所述射频单元可以是射频拉远单元 RRU, 由 于 RRU—般位于塔上或者其他相对不宜维护的地方， 因此对于可靠性要求可 能会更高， RRU可以通过电缆 /光缆等方式， 经由 CPRI接口 （当然也可能是 其他协议接口）与基带处理单元连接， 具体连接方式与前述实施例基本相同， 在此不再赘述。
通过以上的实施方式的描述， 本领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到本发 明可以通过硬件实现，也可以借助软件加必要的通用硬件平台的方式来实现。 基于这样的理解， 本发明的技术方案可以以软件产品的形式体现出来， 该软 件产品可以存储在一个非易失性存储介质 （可以是 CD-ROM, U盘， 移动硬盘 等） 中， 包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备（可以是个人计算机， 服务 器， 或者网络设备等）执行本发明各个实施例所述的方法。
以上公开的仅为本发明的几个具体实施例， 但是， 本发明并非局限于此， 任何本领域的技术人员能思之的变化都应落入本发明的保护范围。

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种通信系统， 其特征在于， 包括： 基带单元 BBU、 至少两个天线和 至少两个射频单元；
所述至少两个射频单元分别与所述 BBU连接；
每个天线分别与至少两个射频单元连接， 使所述每个天线从同一扇区接 收到的信号通过不同的射频单元分别发送到所述 BBU。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的通信系统， 其特征在于， 所述每个天线包括至 少两个馈线， 所述射频单元包括收发通道， 所述至少两个馈线交叉连接到属 于不同射频单元的收发通道， 每个所述射频单元至少包括两个收发通道。
3、 根据权利要求 1或 1所述的通信系统， 其特征在于， 所述 BBU包括至 少两个基带处理单元；
所述通信系统还包括交叉连接矩阵，与所述至少两个基带处理单元连接， 用于所述至少两个基带处理单元间的信号交互。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的通信系统， 其特征在于， 每个所述基带处理单 元包括转发子单元、 以及基带信号处理子单元；
所述转发子单元， 用于在上行接收方向上， 将接收到的来自不同射频单 元的同一扇区的信号汇聚后发送到所述基带信号处理子单元上进行处理； 并 将需要其他基带处理单元处理的扇区的信号通过所述交叉连接矩阵转发到相 应的基带处理单元； 下行发送方向上， 将所述基带信号处理子单元处理后的 同一扇区的基带数据， 通过所述交叉连接矩阵分别向所述扇区所对应的不同 射频单元发送。
5、 根据权利要求 3所述的通信系统， 其特征在于， 所述 BBU还包括转发 单元；
所述转发单元， 用于在上行接收方向上， 将接收到的来自不同射频单元 的同一扇区的信号汇聚后， 通过所述交叉连接矩阵转发到同一基带处理单元 上进行处理； 下行发送方向上， 将所述基带处理单元处理后的同一扇区的基
6、 根据权利要求 1至 5中任一项所述的通信系统， 其特征在于， 所述射 频单元为射频拉远单元 RRU。
7、 一种基带单元 BBU , 其特征在于， 包括至少两个基带处理单元、 以及 交叉连接矩阵；
所述基带处理单元， 用于将接收到的来自不同射频单元的同一扇区的信 号进行处理；
所述交叉连接矩阵， 与所述至少两个基带处理单元连接， 用于所述至少 两个基带处理单元间的信号交互。
8、 根据权利要求 7所述的基带单元 BBU , 其特征在于， 每个所述基带处 理单元包括转发子单元、 以及基带信号处理子单元；
所述转发子单元， 用于在上行接收方向上， 将接收到的来自不同射频单 元的同一扇区的信号汇聚后发送到所述基带信号处理子单元上进行处理； 并 将需要其他基带处理单元处理的扇区的信号通过所述交叉连接矩阵转发到相 应的基带处理单元； 下行发送方向上， 将所述基带信号处理子单元处理后的 同一扇区的基带数据， 通过所述交叉连接矩阵分别向所述扇区所对应的不同 射频单元发送。
9、 根据权利要求 7所述的基带单元 BBU , 其特征在于， 所述 BBU还包括 转发单元；
所述转发单元， 用于在上行接收方向上， 将接收到的来自不同射频单元 的同一扇区的信号汇聚后， 通过所述交叉连接矩阵转发到同一基带处理单元 上进行处理； 下行发送方向上， 将所述基带处理单元处理后的同一扇区的基
10、 一种通信方法， 其特征在于， 应用于包括基带单元 BBU、 至少两个 天线和至少两个射频单元的系统中， 所述至少两个射频单元分别与所述 BBU 连接， 每个天线分别与至少两个射频单元连接； 所述方法包括： 所述 BBU接收不同天线的信号， 其中每个天线从同一扇区接收到的信号 通过不同的射频单元分别发送至所述 BBU;
所述 BBU对所述信号进行处理。
11、 根据权利要求 10所述的通信方法， 其特征在于， 所述 BBU包括至少 两个基带处理单元， 每个所述基带处理单元包括转发子单元、 以及基带信号 处理子单元；
所述对所述信号进行处理包括：
所述转发子单元， 在上行接收方向上， 将接收到的来自不同射频单元的 同一扇区的信号汇聚后发送到所述基带信号处理子单元上进行处理； 并将需 要其他基带处理单元处理的扇区的信号通过交叉连接矩阵转发到相应的基带 处理单元。
12、 根据权利要求 11所述的通信方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法还包括： 所述转发子单元， 在下行发送方向上， 将所述基带信号处理子单元处理 后的同一扇区的基带数据， 通过交叉连接矩阵分别向所述扇区所对应的不同 r
射频单元发送。
1 3、 根据权利要求 10所述的通信方法， 其特征在于， 所述 BBU包括至少 两个基带处理单元， 所述 BBU还包括转发单元；
所述对所述信号进行处理包括： 所述转发单元， 在上行接收方向上， 将接收到的来自不同射频单元的同 一扇区的信号汇聚后， 通过交叉连接矩阵转发到同一基带处理单元上进行处 理。
14、 根据权利要求 1 3所述的通信方法， 其特征在于， 所述方法还包括： 所述转发单元， 在下行发送方向上， 将所述基带处理单元处理后的同一 扇区的基带数据， 通过所述交叉连接矩阵分别向所述扇区所对应的不同射频 Λ
单元发送。
PCT/CN2009/074618 2008-10-27 2009-10-26 通信系统、设备和方法 WO2010048871A1 (zh)

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