WO2010038090A1 - Packing fabric for cotton fibre bales - Google Patents
Packing fabric for cotton fibre bales Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010038090A1 WO2010038090A1 PCT/GR2009/000058 GR2009000058W WO2010038090A1 WO 2010038090 A1 WO2010038090 A1 WO 2010038090A1 GR 2009000058 W GR2009000058 W GR 2009000058W WO 2010038090 A1 WO2010038090 A1 WO 2010038090A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- cotton
- fabric
- packing
- fire
- fibres
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229920000742 Cotton Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004753 textile Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical group N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010000369 Accident Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001934 delay Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004043 dyeing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 241000219146 Gossypium Species 0.000 description 27
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- 238000009940 knitting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 229920002972 Acrylic fiber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000011777 Corchorus aestuans Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000004792 Corchorus capsularis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010862 Corchorus capsularis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000002024 Gossypium herbaceum Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000004341 Gossypium herbaceum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001311 chemical methods and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007383 open-end spinning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
- B65D—CONTAINERS FOR STORAGE OR TRANSPORT OF ARTICLES OR MATERIALS, e.g. BAGS, BARRELS, BOTTLES, BOXES, CANS, CARTONS, CRATES, DRUMS, JARS, TANKS, HOPPERS, FORWARDING CONTAINERS; ACCESSORIES, CLOSURES, OR FITTINGS THEREFOR; PACKAGING ELEMENTS; PACKAGES
- B65D85/00—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials
- B65D85/07—Containers, packaging elements or packages, specially adapted for particular articles or materials for compressible or flexible articles
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04B—KNITTING
- D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
- D04B1/14—Other fabrics or articles characterised primarily by the use of particular thread materials
Definitions
- the fabric is a knit structure, produced on a circular knitting machine, and used, as an external protective cover to pack bales of ginned cotton.
- the machine is a circular knitting machine with one needle bed and needles positioned around the outer surface of a single cylinder. Such a machine produces a circular weft knit fabric with a single surface structure.
- the simplest form of weft knit structure that can result from the interaction of needles and yarn is a single jersey fabric. This fabric is most suitable for the majority of applications. In some cases and for some applications the knit structure can be rib or interlock of various knitting constructions.
- These fabrics are produced on cylinder and dial knitting machines with two needle beds.
- the knit fabric produced is constructed from 100 percent cotton yarns.
- the yarns employed have specific counts and technical parameters.
- the fabric specifications are analyzed in three (3) entities covering the yarns, the fabrics and the chemical processing procedures which give specific characteristics to the final product.
- the fabric produced exhibits satisfactory properties and performance characteristics.
- the fabric is lightweight, elastic and relatively low cost to produce in relation to the effective protection it provides against fire and contamination to the cotton fibres of the cotton bale.
- the specific knitted fabric is intended for use solely in cotton ginning plants.
- the intended use is, as a packing medium, to cover and protect externally the cotton bale offering protection from fire, contamination and foreign matter.
- the fabric is suitable for all ginning plants and types and sizes of bales independently of the type of bale machines.
- the cotton which is grown on farmland and agricultural establishments when ripe, is harvested and collected manually or mechanically, in general.
- the cotton delivered to the ginning mills is ginned and processed.
- the purpose of the ginning process is to separate the cotton fibres from all other foreign materials, and bale it. All foreign materials such as plant leaves, or pieces of them, reminants of cotton plant stems, cotton seeds, frequently soil, sand, small stones, and other foreign matter such as plant residues and generally anything normally found on agricultural land.
- the ginning process is completed with the formation of cotton bales with the use of hydraulic presses.
- the cotton mass is compressed, baled and held into place with the use of metal wires or metal bands, normally, sometimes also plastic tapes are used.
- baling process After the baling process has been completed the finished bales can be handled and transported to their final destination. These are the yarn spinning mills.
- This protective cover in the past was usually a woven fabric.
- This fabric was normally constructed using Jute yarns and the fabric construction was a 1/1 plain weave.
- producers of cotton use polyethylene sheets or fabrics from man made fibres which are normally woven.
- the most common new material used for the yarn is polypropylene tape yarns woven with 1/1 plain weave construction.
- Some countries use conventional yarns of various types, composition and blends. They are frequently produced from man made fibres or blends of natural and man made fibres.
- non woven fabric structures in web form made of man made fibres are used. All the materials used in the construction of the fabrics described above, due to their composition and construction, create many costly and serious problems.
- the first of the two categories relates to fire safety problems in ginning plants and mainly in the warehouse facilities for bales in ginning mills.
- the cotton bales are stored in rows and stacked in columns in contact with each other.
- the transfer and speed of travel depend and are affected to a great extend with the current packing materials used, which are extremely flammable.
- Most packing materials today are by-products of petroleum. This specific property causes a significant increase in the risk in the event of fire. These materials due to their physical properties create the appropriate conditions for the maintenance and spread of fire.
- the second of the two categories relates to problems of contamination of the raw material which is the cotton fibres of the bale.
- the new packing medium is a knitted fabric in tube form, from 100 percent cotton, and can be applied directly, as is, on the bales as a piece of tubular stretch cloth like a sock, open on both ends, with no seams.
- the current invention refers to the creation of a knit fabric from a circular weft knit single jersey knitting machine using solely cotton yarns.
- the yarn cross section is defined by the weight of the yarn in grams per 1000 meters.
- the yarns employed are singles and usually produced on open-end spinning machines to achieve a low cost of yarn production.
- the twist factor is alfa 3.5 to 4.5 and is dependent on the specific dimensions of bales of different ginning plants.
- the yarn title should be from NE 14/1 to NE 16/1 usually.
- the yarn count titles could be from NE 10/1 to NE 30/1 , to obtain a different surface and elasticity of the knit tube.
- the fabric is constructed employing a plain weft knit structure. A knitting machine with a cylinder and a single needle bed is used, and with the yarns described above.
- the yarn for the construction of one complete row of loops is 533 centimeters per turn. One complete turn lays one course or row of loops.
- the number of loops per square centimeter is 7.5 to 8.5.
- the weight in grams per square, meter of fabric produced is 95 to 105.
- the elasticity or stretch of the tubular fabric expressed as a per cent of the original dimensions is 25 to 35 per cent.
- the cotton fabric is used as an external and protective cover for bales of ginned cotton.
- the knitted fabric of specific construction and yarns either in the from of a tube or sheets proved to be a suitable substitute for conventional forms of packing materials following field trials and experiments, and at a relatively low cost.
- this knitted fabric from 100 per cent cotton raw material, is that its friendly to the environment and ecological. Because it is a cellulose product and dicomposes completely in time and without side effects. It provides increased protection against the risk of fire due to its fire retardant properties. It does not contaminate the cotton yarns produced and other subsequent processes with foreign matter transfer and can be completely recycled. It is an effective packing medium which minimizes the risks of foreign matter transfer in subsequent processing stages and mainly in spinning.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)
- Treatment Of Fiber Materials (AREA)
- Preliminary Treatment Of Fibers (AREA)
- Yarns And Mechanical Finishing Of Yarns Or Ropes (AREA)
Abstract
The particular form of packing bales of ginned cotton is the use of a knitted fabric made of 100 per cent cotton processed and fire retardant. It is the most suitable form of packing medium because it has been constructed from cotton fibres and protects from contamination the fibres of the ginned cotton bales. If reminants of this packing medium remain on the bale and find their way into the production line in subsequent processes, no problems will result. The packing material is a knit fabric which can be recycled 100 per cent and is friendly to the environment. The cover exhibits good elastic and stretch properties. This property results in a neat and effective cover of the bale, without any need of others means of retention. Furthermore having been processed it is flame retardant and prevents the quick spread of fire in the event of a fire accident. The packing material made of cotton has the advantage compared to other packing materials that it is not a foreign body during dyeing processes. It behaves in the same manner as the cotton fibres in the bale. The result is that the cost of defective yarns, fabrics and garments is minimized. This results in reduction of down time and delays in manufacturing processes and minimization of faulty products, of unacceptable quality.
Description
PACKING FABRIC FOR COTTON FIBRE BALES
The fabric, is a knit structure, produced on a circular knitting machine, and used, as an external protective cover to pack bales of ginned cotton. The machine is a circular knitting machine with one needle bed and needles positioned around the outer surface of a single cylinder. Such a machine produces a circular weft knit fabric with a single surface structure. The simplest form of weft knit structure that can result from the interaction of needles and yarn is a single jersey fabric. This fabric is most suitable for the majority of applications. In some cases and for some applications the knit structure can be rib or interlock of various knitting constructions. These fabrics are produced on cylinder and dial knitting machines with two needle beds. The knit fabric produced is constructed from 100 percent cotton yarns. The yarns employed have specific counts and technical parameters. The fabric specifications are analyzed in three (3) entities covering the yarns, the fabrics and the chemical processing procedures which give specific characteristics to the final product.
The fabric produced exhibits satisfactory properties and performance characteristics. The fabric is lightweight, elastic and relatively low cost to produce in relation to the effective protection it provides against fire and contamination to the cotton fibres of the cotton bale.
The specific knitted fabric is intended for use solely in cotton ginning plants. The intended use is, as a packing medium, to cover and protect externally the cotton bale offering protection from fire, contamination and foreign matter. The fabric is suitable for all ginning plants and types and sizes of bales independently of the type of bale machines. The cotton which is grown on farmland and agricultural establishments when ripe, is harvested and collected manually or mechanically, in general.
Today in Greece and in many other parts of the world cotton is harvested from the fields using machines. It is subsequently transported with various means to the ginning plants, in loose, bulk form.
The cotton delivered to the ginning mills is ginned and processed.
The purpose of the ginning process is to separate the cotton fibres from all other foreign materials, and bale it. All foreign materials such as plant leaves, or pieces of them, reminants of cotton plant stems, cotton seeds, frequently soil, sand, small stones, and other foreign matter such as plant residues and generally anything normally found on agricultural land.
The ginning process is completed with the formation of cotton bales with the use of hydraulic presses.
In order that the masses of ginned cotton fibres can be contained for ease of handling subsequently, the cotton mass is compressed, baled and held into place with the use of metal wires or metal bands, normally, sometimes also plastic tapes are used.
At the same time an external cover material for protection of the bale surface is introduced. After the baling process has been completed the finished bales can be handled and transported to their final destination. These are the yarn spinning mills.
This protective cover in the past was usually a woven fabric. This fabric was normally constructed using Jute yarns and the fabric construction was a 1/1 plain weave. In the last couples of years in Greece and several other countries worldwide, producers of cotton, use polyethylene sheets or fabrics from man made fibres which are normally woven. The most common new material used for the yarn is polypropylene tape yarns woven with 1/1 plain weave construction. Some countries use conventional yarns of various types, composition and blends. They are frequently produced from man made fibres or blends of natural and man made fibres. In some other countries non woven fabric structures in web form made of man made fibres, are used. All the materials used in the construction of the fabrics described above, due to their composition and construction, create many costly and serious problems. Of all the different categories of problems, two are the most serious ones.
The first of the two categories, relates to fire safety problems in ginning plants and mainly in the warehouse facilities for bales in ginning mills. The cotton bales are stored in rows and stacked in columns in contact with each other. In the event of a fire, the transfer and speed of travel depend and are affected to a great extend with the current packing materials used, which are extremely flammable. Most packing materials today are by-products of petroleum. This specific property causes a significant increase in the risk in the event of fire. These materials due to their physical properties create the appropriate conditions for the maintenance and spread of fire. The second of the two categories, relates to problems of contamination of the raw material which is the cotton fibres of the bale. This problem is created in the subsequent stages of processing and production of cotton yarns, fabric and ready to wear garments. Reminants of the packing materials can accidentally mix with cotton fibres and entangled spread in sizeable quantities of yarns, fabrics and ready to wear garments. This is a frequent event. The presence of foreign matter cannot be trayced and be removed promptly. This results in defective products and increased risk of fire. In the past, as a result of field research activities in several manufacturing companies and organizations, involved in harvesting, ginning and processing cotton yarns, the problems relating to fire protection and contamination of cotton fibres were studied and assessed.
Following research, trials and experiments with various raw materials, structures of woven and knitted fabrics an alternative packing medium for cotton bales has developed. The new packing medium is a knitted fabric in tube form, from 100 percent cotton, and can be applied directly, as is, on the bales as a piece of tubular stretch cloth like a sock, open on both ends, with no seams.
The current invention refers to the creation of a knit fabric from a circular weft knit single jersey knitting machine using solely cotton yarns. The yarn cross section is defined by the weight of the yarn in grams per 1000 meters.
The yarns employed are singles and usually produced on open-end spinning machines to achieve a low cost of yarn production.
The twist factor is alfa 3.5 to 4.5 and is dependent on the specific dimensions of bales of different ginning plants. With the use of the English yarn
count system NE, the yarn title should be from NE 14/1 to NE 16/1 usually. For some applications the yarn count titles could be from NE 10/1 to NE 30/1 , to obtain a different surface and elasticity of the knit tube. The fabric is constructed employing a plain weft knit structure. A knitting machine with a cylinder and a single needle bed is used, and with the yarns described above. The yarn for the construction of one complete row of loops is 533 centimeters per turn. One complete turn lays one course or row of loops. The number of loops per square centimeter is 7.5 to 8.5. The weight in grams per square, meter of fabric produced is 95 to 105.
The elasticity or stretch of the tubular fabric expressed as a per cent of the original dimensions is 25 to 35 per cent.
The chemical processes and materials which improve the fire retardant properties to acceptable, tested levels of performance, have resulted from the use of organic phosphoric chemical compositions and have a chemical character of organic salts in most forms.
In the event that other natural or man made fibre raw materials are to be packed, it should be done using a fabric cover of the same materials as the fibres packed. For example natural wool fibre should be packed in a wool fabric, acrylic fibre in an acrylic fabric and so on.
The cotton fabric is used as an external and protective cover for bales of ginned cotton.
The knitted fabric of specific construction and yarns either in the from of a tube or sheets proved to be a suitable substitute for conventional forms of packing materials following field trials and experiments, and at a relatively low cost.
The main advantage of this knitted fabric from 100 per cent cotton raw material, is that its friendly to the environment and ecological. Because it is a cellulose product and dicomposes completely in time and without side effects. It provides increased protection against the risk of fire due to its fire retardant properties. It does not contaminate the cotton yarns produced and other subsequent processes with foreign matter transfer and can be completely recycled. It is an effective packing medium which minimizes the risks of
foreign matter transfer in subsequent processing stages and mainly in spinning.
It is more effective packing medium in reducing the risks in the event of fire and the spread of fire.
At the same time, the risks of highly poisonous hazardous gases produced with the use of other types of covers in the event of a fire are minimized.
At the same time with the additional processes the fire retardant properties of the fabric are improved.
Claims
1. Fabric for cover, protection and packing of cotton bales which is best described as a knitted fabric of various constructions, yarn counts and qualities 100 per cent cotton and processed. The yarns have a count NE 14/1 to NE 16/1. The twist factor α (alfa) is 3.5 to 4.5. The knitted structure is the simplest of all. Plain knit single jersey. The yarn loops have a density of 7.5 to
8.5 loops per square centimeter. The weight is 95 to 105 grams per square meter processed with organic phosphoric chemical bonds.
2. Fabric according to the first claim which is characterized by the fact that it offers protection against contamination and mix up with foreign matter.
3. Fabric according to the first and second claim which is characterized by the fact it offers protection against fire, it is chemically processed and fire retardant.
4. Fabric according to the first, second and third claim which is ecological, friendly to the environment and 100 per cent possible to recycle.
5. Fabric according to the first, second, third and fourth claim which is can also be produce by other textile raw materials for different requirements and uses. However, it is important that all man-made fibres and natural fibres used as raw materials should be always packed with fabric made of the same raw material.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
GR20080100642 | 2008-10-03 | ||
GR20080100642A GR1006610B (en) | 2008-10-03 | 2008-10-03 | Packaging medium for ginned cotton bales-production method and use of same |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010038090A1 true WO2010038090A1 (en) | 2010-04-08 |
Family
ID=41508542
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/GR2009/000058 WO2010038090A1 (en) | 2008-10-03 | 2009-10-02 | Packing fabric for cotton fibre bales |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
GR (1) | GR1006610B (en) |
WO (1) | WO2010038090A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115584214A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-10 | 常州大学 | Inflatable cotton packaging film with fire early warning function |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2971643A (en) * | 1957-04-01 | 1961-02-14 | Bale Guard Corp | Bale wrapper |
US5397612A (en) * | 1992-09-14 | 1995-03-14 | Small; James W. | Cotton bale within a circular knit cotton bale cover |
-
2008
- 2008-10-03 GR GR20080100642A patent/GR1006610B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
2009
- 2009-10-02 WO PCT/GR2009/000058 patent/WO2010038090A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2971643A (en) * | 1957-04-01 | 1961-02-14 | Bale Guard Corp | Bale wrapper |
US5397612A (en) * | 1992-09-14 | 1995-03-14 | Small; James W. | Cotton bale within a circular knit cotton bale cover |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN115584214A (en) * | 2022-10-27 | 2023-01-10 | 常州大学 | Inflatable cotton packaging film with fire early warning function |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GR1006610B (en) | 2009-11-25 |
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