WO2010034242A1 - 应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索方法、装置及系统 - Google Patents
应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索方法、装置及系统 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010034242A1 WO2010034242A1 PCT/CN2009/074176 CN2009074176W WO2010034242A1 WO 2010034242 A1 WO2010034242 A1 WO 2010034242A1 CN 2009074176 W CN2009074176 W CN 2009074176W WO 2010034242 A1 WO2010034242 A1 WO 2010034242A1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
- H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
- H04N19/56—Motion estimation with initialisation of the vector search, e.g. estimating a good candidate to initiate a search
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/10—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding
- H04N19/169—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding
- H04N19/17—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object
- H04N19/176—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using adaptive coding characterised by the coding unit, i.e. the structural portion or semantic portion of the video signal being the object or the subject of the adaptive coding the unit being an image region, e.g. an object the region being a block, e.g. a macroblock
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
- H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
- H04N19/513—Processing of motion vectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N19/00—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals
- H04N19/50—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding
- H04N19/503—Methods or arrangements for coding, decoding, compressing or decompressing digital video signals using predictive coding involving temporal prediction
- H04N19/51—Motion estimation or motion compensation
- H04N19/567—Motion estimation based on rate distortion criteria
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of coding technologies, and in particular, to a fast motion search method, apparatus and system for template matching. Background technique
- inter-frame motion compensation prediction technology plays an important role in coding and decoding efficiency.
- the corresponding inter-frame motion compensation prediction technique refers to: In the codec process, the motion vector obtained by the search is used for motion compensation to implement the corresponding codec operation.
- a motion vector search method used by the decoding end in the motion vector estimation process is to search for integer points within a limited range, and then fine search on the sub-pixel points around the best integer points found. , to determine the corresponding motion vector. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, first search for 8 half-pixel points 1-8 around, and then search for 8 1/4 pixel points ah around the selected best half-pixel point to achieve the corresponding Search for motion vector.
- another motion vector search method called TSS (three-step method) may be used. As shown in FIG. 2, the method selects a search path according to a 9-square search template within a certain search range.
- search path template search for the matching degree of the 9 path point positions in a large range, and select the point with the best matching degree. Then, find the matching degree among the 9 path points in the smaller range according to the same search path template. Good point, finally, find the best matching point among the 9 path points in the minimum range, and use the motion vector of the point as the motion vector obtained by the search.
- Embodiments of the present invention provide a fast motion search method, apparatus, and system for template matching, so as to effectively reduce the complexity of motion vector search and improve coding and decoding efficiency.
- a fast motion search method for template matching including:
- the candidate motion vector with the smallest distortion is obtained as the motion vector of the current block in the candidate motion vector of the current block.
- a fast motion search method applied to template matching including:
- an encoding method including:
- a decoding method including:
- a fast motion search device applied to template matching comprising:
- a candidate motion vector determining unit configured to select a motion vector of a related block of the current block as a candidate motion vector of the current block;
- the motion vector search unit is configured to calculate distortion of the template region corresponding to the candidate motion vector in the reference frame, and obtain the candidate motion vector with the smallest distortion as the motion vector of the current block in the candidate motion vector of the current block.
- a fast motion search device applied to template matching comprising: a candidate motion vector determining unit, configured to select a motion vector of a related block of a current block as a candidate motion vector of a current block;
- a motion vector searching unit configured to calculate a distortion of a template region corresponding to the candidate motion vector in the reference frame, and obtain a motion vector with the least distortion in the candidate motion vector of the current block.
- an encoder comprising the above-described fast motion search device applied to template matching, and an encoding unit that determines a current basis according to the fast motion search device applied by the template matching
- the motion vector of the coding block performs an encoding operation on the current coding block.
- a decoder comprising the above-described fast motion search device applied to template matching, and a decoding unit that determines a current basis according to the fast motion search device applied to the template matching
- the motion vector of the decoded block performs a decoding operation on the current decoded block.
- a codec system comprising the above encoder, and the above decoder in communication with the encoder.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a search method 1 in the prior art
- FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a search method 2 in the prior art
- FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a target area and an L-type template in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a process of searching for a motion vector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of related blocks of a current block according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a matching search process in an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
- FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an encoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a decoding apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed ways
- the process of searching for a motion vector is to locate a matching motion vector in a reference frame of the current video content as a corresponding motion vector, thereby reducing the complexity of the search process, and thus quickly searching for the determined matching motion.
- Vector in this way, can improve the coding and decoding efficiency, and can also guarantee or improve the performance of codec.
- the embodiment of the present invention may be applied to the decoding end to perform a corresponding decoding operation, or may be applied to the encoding end to perform a corresponding encoding operation, or may also apply the encoding end and the decoding end at the same time.
- the corresponding motion vector may not be written in the encoded code stream, or may be written in the encoded code stream. Sport vector. If the corresponding motion vector is not written in the encoded code stream, the motion vector search may be performed at the decoding end using the same motion vector search method.
- a motion vector of a related block of a current block is selected as a candidate motion vector of a current block; and then, a candidate motion vector that matches the best candidate is selected as a current among candidate motion vectors of the current block.
- the motion vector of the block that is, the distortion of the template region corresponding to the candidate motion vector in the reference frame may be first calculated, and the candidate motion vector with the smallest distortion is obtained as the current block in the candidate motion vector of the current block according to the calculated distortion.
- the motion vector may calculate the sum of the absolute errors of the current block candidate motion vectors between the corresponding template regions in the reference frame or the sum of the squares of the pixel value differences, and select the sum of the absolute errors or the square of the pixel value differences.
- the candidate motion vector corresponding to the smallest block is used as the best matching candidate motion vector, that is, the motion vector is taken as the motion vector.
- the motion vector with the smallest distortion obtained in the candidate motion vector of the current block according to the distortion may be used as the predicted value of the motion vector of the current block, and the motion vector of the current block is calculated according to the predicted value.
- the same description applies equally to the relevant content below.
- the relevant block of the current block may include at least one of the following:
- a block related to the current block space, and the corresponding spatial correlation refers to an adjacent block of the current block, such as a left block, an upper left block, an upper block, or an upper right block;
- a block related to the current block time which is a block corresponding to the current block or the adjacent position in the reference frame of the current block.
- each motion vector of the candidate motion vector that is the current block is different, and the corresponding candidate motion vector may include any one or more of the following:
- a motion vector corresponding to a single correlation block that is, a motion vector corresponding to a certain correlation block is directly used as a corresponding candidate motion vector
- the calculation processing method of scaling calculation of the motion vector of one or more related blocks according to the reference image index of the current block and the reference image index of the relevant block may be used; or, the motion vector for the plurality of related blocks may also be used.
- each calculation can use the same calculation method, or different calculation methods can be used;
- the embodiment of the present invention estimates the motion of the current block in the target area by calculating the cost function (ie, the distortion size) by referring to the corresponding offset template block (the L-type template in FIG. 3) in the reference frame.
- the corresponding target area may be a macroblock or a macroblock partitioning block, such as a pixel block of 16x8, 8x16, 8x8, etc.; wherein the cost function is a pixel value difference between the current block template area and the corresponding area in the reference frame.
- the sum of the absolute values, or other cost functions for example: the sum of the square of the difference between the current block template region and the corresponding region pixel value in the reference frame. Based on the minimum cost value, the best matching motion vector for the current block can be determined.
- the specific implementation process of the search motion vector provided by the embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps:
- Step 401 selecting a motion vector of a set of points (ie, blocks) as a candidate motion vector of a set of points (ie, blocks) in motion vectors of other points according to correlations of other points (ie, other blocks) with the current block;
- the specific selection operation may be that the motion vector of the block has been decoded around the current block, or the motion vector of other blocks that may be derived from the decoded block motion vector may be used as the candidate motion vector;
- a motion vector of a block of different motion vectors may be selected as a corresponding candidate motion vector in a related block such as a left block, an upper left block, an upper block, and an upper right block of the current block; for example, a candidate may be selected.
- the motion vector of the left block and the upper right block of the current block as the candidate motion vector; in the selection process, the motion vectors of each block need to be different, and if there are multiple motion vectors, Then take only one of them as a candidate motion vector;
- the motion vector predictor in the H264/AVC may be used to perform the median calculation of the predicted value MVP as the candidate motion vector of the current block.
- the corresponding MVP can be calculated as follows: 4.
- the left block of the current block is set, and the motion vectors of the right block and the upper right block are MVA, MVB, and MVC, respectively, and the three values are compared, and the intermediate value of the three values is taken.
- the MVP for example, if MVA ⁇ MVB ⁇ MVC, select MVB as the MVP;
- the motion vector of the same position block of the current block in the decoded image may be used as the candidate motion vector of the current block;
- the reference image index according to the candidate motion vector and the reference image index of the current reference image may be scaled to obtain the candidate motion vector of the current block; For example, if the candidate motion vector is MVp, the corresponding reference image index refldxp, the reference image index of the current reference image is refldxX, and the current block motion vector MVX for the current reference image is obtained after scaling, then:
- MVX MVp ( refldxX/refldxp ) ; ( 1 )
- the candidate motion vector of the current block may also be a combination of other candidate motion vectors.
- the weighted averaging of the other candidate motion vectors may be used as the candidate motion vector of the corresponding current block.
- the weighted average calculation may be performed by the following formula:
- N represents a total of N weighting factors ⁇ « , ⁇ « represents an integer weighting factor generated according to the cost function, and ⁇ is a power equal to 2, such as
- the vector, r represents the rounding error, which can be predetermined, usually 0 or .
- Step 402 After determining a set of candidate motion vectors by using the foregoing step 401, the corresponding candidate motion vectors may be further selected to determine candidate motion vectors in the last candidate motion vector queue;
- the corresponding candidate motion vector may be further filtered by using other predetermined rules; for example, if a block in which a candidate motion vector is located is an intra-coded block, considering that the usability is not good, the It is removed from the candidate motion vector queue.
- the best matching motion vector can be selected in the candidate motion vector queue, and the best matching motion vector is used as the motion vector of the current template, that is, the current block.
- Motion vector the process includes:
- Step 403 Calculate a distortion condition of the template region corresponding to the candidate motion vector in the reference frame, so as to perform selection of the most matched motion vector according to the size of the distortion;
- Step 404 Calculate, according to a distortion calculation result of the template region corresponding to the candidate motion vector in the reference frame, obtain the motion vector with the best match (the least distortion) as the motion vector of the current block or the predicted value of the motion vector of the current block.
- the matching candidate cost of the corresponding template block obtained by moving the corresponding offset in the reference frame by using the candidate motion vector may be used to calculate the matching cost of the current template block by using the unique candidate motion vector in the candidate motion vector queue, for example, Calculate the value of SAD (sum of absolute error) or USSD (sum of squares of pixel value difference) to determine the corresponding matching cost; then, according to the calculated matching cost, select the matching cost minimum in the candidate motion vector queue (minimum distortion)
- the candidate motion vector is used as the motion vector of the current template; for example, referring to FIG.
- the template of the candidate motion vector obtained by the above step 2 in the corresponding position in the reference frame is the reference block 1, 2, and then, by the matching cost The calculation is determined as The reference block 2 is the most matching block, and the candidate motion vector in the candidate motion vector queue corresponding to the reference block 2 is the motion vector.
- whether to perform sub-pixel search processing may be adaptively selected; for example, if the motion vector of the current block found is already sub- With pixel precision, the sub-pixel fine search can no longer be performed. Otherwise, the corresponding sub-pixel search can be continued to determine the motion vector of the final current block.
- the motion vector of the current block can be searched quickly and accurately in the encoding and decoding process, thereby effectively improving the encoding and decoding efficiency and performance of the codec system.
- the embodiment of the present invention further provides a motion vector search device, and the specific implementation structure thereof is as shown in FIG. 7, and may include:
- a candidate motion vector determining unit 701 configured to select a motion vector of a related block of the current block as a candidate motion vector of the current block;
- the relevant block of the current block may include at least one of the following:
- a block associated with a current block space the spatial correlation referring to a neighboring block of the current block
- a block related to the current block time which is a block of a current block corresponding position or an adjacent position in a reference frame of the current block.
- the motion vectors of the relevant blocks of the candidate motion vector of the current block are different, and the motion vector of the relevant block selected by the corresponding candidate motion vector determining unit 701 may specifically include at least one of the following:
- the calculating process may be one or more according to a reference image index of the current block and a reference image index of the relevant block.
- the motion vector of the relevant block is subjected to scaling calculation; or, the motion vector of the plurality of related blocks may be subjected to weighted average calculation; or, the motion vector of one or more related blocks may be subjected to shift calculation; or A median calculation can be performed on motion vectors of a plurality of related blocks;
- some or all of the above multiple calculation modes may also be simultaneously applied to the calculation process to implement corresponding multiple calculations, that is, corresponding Multiple calculations can be implemented in different ways.
- One of the plurality of motion vectors corresponding to the plurality of correlation blocks is selected.
- the motion vector search unit 702 is configured to select the best matching candidate motion vector as the motion vector of the current block among the candidate motion vectors of the current block determined by the candidate motion vector determining unit 701; that is, calculate the candidate motion vector corresponding to the reference frame. Distortion of the template region, and obtaining the candidate motion vector with the least distortion in the candidate motion vector of the current block as the motion vector of the current block;
- the motion vector search unit 702 may specifically include:
- the calculating unit 7021 is configured to calculate a sum of absolute errors of the candidate motion vectors of the current block between the corresponding template regions in the reference frame or a sum of squares of the pixel value differences;
- the motion vector determining unit 7022 is configured to select a candidate motion vector corresponding to the block in which the sum of the absolute errors or the sum of the squares of the pixel value differences is the smallest as the motion vector of the current block according to the calculation result of the calculating unit 7021.
- the motion vector searching unit 702 is configured to calculate distortion of a template region corresponding to the candidate motion vector in the reference frame, and obtain a motion vector with the least distortion in the candidate motion vector of the current block.
- the motion vector with the least distortion obtained by the motion vector search unit 702 is taken as the motion vector of the current block or as the predicted value of the motion vector of the current block.
- the above device may be provided at the encoding end or at the decoding end. And if it is set at the encoding end, the corresponding motion vector may not be carried in the encoded code stream, but only the same motion vector search method may be used for performing motion vector search on the decoding end.
- the encoder provided by the embodiment of the present invention may include the above-described fast motion search device 801 applied to template matching, and an encoding unit 802.
- the corresponding encoding unit 802 matches the template according to the application.
- the motion vector of the current coding block determined by the fast motion search means 801 performs an encoding operation on the current coding block.
- the decoder provided by the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, may include the foregoing application for template matching.
- the fast motion search device 901, and the decoding unit 902, the corresponding decoding unit 902 performs a decoding operation on the current decoded block according to the motion vector of the current decoded block determined by the fast motion search device 901 applied to the template matching.
- Embodiments of the present invention also provide a corresponding codec system including the encoder shown in Figure 8 and the decoder shown in Figure 9 in communication with the encoder.
- the motion vector of the corresponding current block can be obtained simply and quickly in the process of codec, so that the corresponding motion compensation technology can be effectively realized, thereby improving the codec. Codec efficiency and performance in the device and codec system.
- the storage medium may be a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a read-only memory (ROM), or a random access memory (RAM).
- the embodiment of the present invention since it is not necessary to determine a large search range, the number of template matching cost calculations in the codec motion vector derivation algorithm can be reduced, thereby reducing the complexity of the codec motion vector derivation algorithm. This makes it easier and faster to obtain the corresponding motion vector. In the meantime, the embodiment of the present invention can maintain or improve the corresponding codec performance by retaining a sufficient number of candidate motion vectors.
- the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily think of changes or within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention. Alternatives are intended to be covered by the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of the invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.
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Description
应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索方法、 装置及系统 本申请要求于 2008年 9月 28日提交中国专利局、申请号为 200810223272.2 , 发明名称为"应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索方法及装置"的中国专利申请的优 先权, 其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及编码技术领域, 尤其涉及一种应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索 方法、 装置及系统。 背景技术
在视频编解码技术中, 帧间运动补偿预测技术在编解码效率方面有非常重 要的作用。 相应的帧间运动补偿预测技术是指: 在编解码过程中, 利用搜索获 得的运动矢量进行运动补偿, 以实现相应的编解码操作。
目前, 解码端在进行运动矢量估计过程釆用的一种运动矢量搜索方式是在 限定的范围内在整数点上搜索, 之后, 再在找到的最好的整数点周围的亚象素 点上精细搜索, 以确定相应的运动矢量。 例如, 如图 1所示, 首先搜索周围的 8 个半象素点 1 -8, 接着搜索选定的最好的半象素点周围的 8个 1/4象素点 a-h , 以实现相应的运动矢量的搜索。 或者, 也可以釆用另一种运动矢量搜索方式, 称为 TSS (三步法), 如图 2所示, 该方法是在一定的搜索范围内, 按照 9宫格 搜索模板选择搜索路径, 首先根据搜索路径模板在较大范围内搜索 9个路径点 位置的匹配程度, 并选择匹配程度最好的点, 之后, 按相同的搜索路径模板在 小一点范围的 9个路径点中找匹配程度最好的点, 最后, 在最小范围内的 9个 路径点中找到匹配程度最好的点, 并将该点的运动矢量作为搜索获得的运动矢 量。
在实现本发明过程中, 发明人发现现有技术中至少存在如下问题: 上述两种运动矢量搜索方式均存在搜索范围较大, 搜索过程复杂的问题, 降低了编解码过程中编解码效率。
发明内容 本发明的实施例在于提供一种应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索方法、 装置 及系统, 以有效降低运动矢量搜索的复杂程度, 提高编解码效率。
根据本发明的一方面, 提供一种应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索方法, 包 括:
选择当前块的相关块的运动矢量作为当前块的候选运动矢量;
计算候选运动矢量在参考帧中所对应的模板区域的失真;
根据所述失真, 在当前块的候选运动矢量中获取失真最小的候选运动矢量 作为当前块的运动矢量。
一种应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索方法, 包括:
选择当前块的相关块的运动矢量作为当前块的候选运动矢量;
计算候选运动矢量在参考帧中所对应的模板区域的失真;
根据所述失真, 在当前块的候选运动矢量中获取失真最小的运动矢量。 根据本发明的一方面, 还提供一种编码方法, 包括:
应用上述应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索方法搜索确定当前编码块的运动 矢量;
根据所述当前编码块的运动矢量对当前编码块进行编码操作。
根据本发明的另一方面, 还提供一种解码方法, 包括:
应用上述应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索方法搜索确定当前解码块的运动 矢量;
根据所述当前解码块的运动矢量对当前解码块进行解码操作。
根据本发明的另一方面, 还提供一种应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索装置, 包括:
候选运动矢量确定单元, 用于选择当前块的相关块的运动矢量作为当前块 的候选运动矢量;
运动矢量搜索单元, 用于计算候选运动矢量在参考帧中所对应的模板区域 的失真, 并在当前块的候选运动矢量中获取失真最小的候选运动矢量作为当前 块的运动矢量。
一种应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索装置, 包括: 候选运动矢量确定单元, 用于选择当前块的相关块的运动矢量作为当前块 的候选运动矢量;
运动矢量搜索单元, 用于计算候选运动矢量在参考帧中所对应的模板区域 的失真, 并在当前块的候选运动矢量中获取失真最小的运动矢量。
根据本发明的另一方面, 还提供一种编码器, 包括上述的应用于模板匹配 的快速运动搜索装置, 以及编码单元, 编码单元根据通过所述应用于模板匹配 的快速运动搜索装置确定的当前编码块的运动矢量对当前编码块进行编码操 作。
根据本发明的另一方面, 还提供一种解码器, 包括上述的应用于模板匹配 的快速运动搜索装置, 以及解码单元, 解码单元根据通过所述应用于模板匹配 的快速运动搜索装置确定的当前解码块的运动矢量对当前解码块进行解码操 作。
根据本发明的另一方面, 还提供一种编解码系统, 包括上述编码器, 以及 与所述编码器通信的上述解码器。
由上述本发明的实施例提供的技术方案可以看出, 由于不需要确定大的搜 索范围, 也不需要确定相应的搜索路径模板, 而仅需要在较小的范围内进行搜 索, 因此, 本发明实施例可以有效降低运动矢量搜索的复杂程度, 进而提高相 应的编解码效率。 附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例的技术方案, 下面将对实施例描述中所需
要使用的附图作简单地介绍, 显而易见地, 下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的 一些实施例, 对于本领域普通技术人员来讲, 在不付出创造性劳动性的前提下, 还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图 1为现有技术中的搜索方式一的示意图;
图 2为现有技术中的搜索方式二的示意图;
图 3为本发明实施例中的目标区域和 L型模板示意图;
图 4为本发明实施例提供的搜索运动矢量的过程示意图;
图 5为本发明实施例中的当前块的相关块的示意图;
图 6为本发明实施例中的匹配搜索过程示意图;
图 7为本发明实施例提供的装置的结构示意图;
图 8为本发明实施例提供的编码装置的结构示意图;
图 9为本发明实施例提供的解码装置的结构示意图。 具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图, 对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清 楚、 完整地描述, 显然, 所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例, 而不是 全部的实施例。 基于本发明中的实施例, 本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造 性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例, 都属于本发明保护的范围。
本发明实施例提供的搜索运动矢量的过程是在当前视频内容的参考帧中定 位匹配运动矢量, 以作为相应的运动矢量, 从而可以减少搜索过程的复杂程度, 进而可以快速地搜索确定匹配的运动矢量, 这样, 既可以提高编解码效率, 还 可以保证或改善编解码的性能。
本发明实施例可以应用于解码端进行相应的解码操作, 或者, 也可以应用 于编码端进行相应的编码操作, 或者, 也可以同时应用编码端和解码端。
在具体应用本发明实施例的过程中, 若本发明实施例应用于编码端, 则可 以不在编码码流中写入相应的运动矢量, 或者, 也可以在编码码流中写入相应
的运动矢量。 若编码码流中未写入相应的运动矢量, 则在解码端釆用同样的运 动矢量搜索方式进行运动矢量搜索即可。
本发明实施例提供的运动矢量搜索方案中, 首先, 选择当前块的相关块的 运动矢量作为当前块的候选运动矢量; 之后, 在当前块的候选运动矢量中选择 最匹配的候选运动矢量作为当前块的运动矢量, 即可以先计算候选运动矢量在 参考帧中所对应的模板区域的失真, 并根据计算确定的失真, 在当前块的候选 运动矢量中获取失真最小的候选运动矢量作为当前块的运动矢量, 例如, 可以 计算当前块候选运动矢量在参考帧中对应的模板区域之间的绝对误差之和或者 像素值差的平方之和, 并选择其中绝对误差之和或者像素值差的平方之和最小 的块对应的候选运动矢量作为最匹配的候选运动矢量, 即将该运动矢量作为运 动矢量。
或者, 本发明实施例也可以将上述根据失真, 在当前块的候选运动矢量中 获取的失真最小的运动矢量作为当前块的运动矢量的预测值, 根据该预测值计 算当前块的运动矢量。 相同描述同样适用于下文的相关内容。
在上述处理过程中, 当前块的相关块可以包括以下至少一项:
( 1 )与当前块空间相关的块, 相应的空间相关指与当前块的相邻块, 如左 边块、 左上块、 上边块或右上块等;
( 2 )与当前块时间相关的块, 该时间相关是指在当前块的参考帧中当前块 对应位置或相邻位置的块。
可选地, 作为当前块的候选运动矢量的各运动矢量各不相同, 且相应的候 选运动矢量可以包括以下任一项或多项:
( 1 )单个相关块对应的运动矢量, 即将某个相关块对应的运动矢量直接作 为相应的候选运动矢量;
( 2 )对一个或多个相关块对应的一个或多个运动矢量进行计算, 获得的计 算后的运动矢量, 以便于将计算后的运动矢量作为相应候选运动矢量;
在对一个或多个相关块对应的一个或多个运动矢量进行计算的过程中, 即
可以釆用根据当前块的参考图像指数和相关块的参考图像指数, 对一个或多个 相关块的运动矢量进行缩放计算的计算处理方式; 或者, 也可以釆用对多个相 关块的运动矢量进行加权平均计算的计算处理方式; 或者, 也可以对一个或多 个相关块的运动矢量进行移位计算; 或者, 也可以对多个相关块的运动矢量进 行中值计算; 若需要进行多次计算, 则各次计算可以釆用相同的计算方式, 也 可以釆用不同的计算方式;
( 3 )在多个相关块对应的多个运动矢量中选择出来的一个运动矢量, 以便 将该选择出来的一个运动矢量作为相应的候选运动矢量。
以图 3所示为例, 本发明实施例是通过参考帧中相应的偏移模板块(图 3中 的 L型模板)计算代价函数(即失真大小)来估计目标区域中的当前块的运动矢 量。相应的目标区域(图 3中的正方形区域)可以是宏块或宏块划分块,如 16x8、 8x16、 8x8等象素块; 其中代价函数是当前块模板区域与参考帧中对应区域像素 值差的绝对值之和, 或者, 也可以使用其他代价函数例如: 当前块模板区域与 参考帧中对应区域像素值差的平方之和。 根据该最小的代价值便可以确定当前 块的最匹配的运动矢量。 下面将结合附图对本发明实施例的具体实现过程进行详细说明。
参照图 4所示, 本发明实施例提供的搜索运动矢量的具体实现过程包括以下 步骤:
步骤 401 , 才艮据其他点(即其他块)与当前块的相关性, 在其他点的运动矢 量中选择一组点 (即块) 的运动矢量作为的候选运动矢量;
具体的选择操作可以在当前块周围已经解码块的运动矢量, 或者可以根据 已经解码块运动矢量推导出的其他块的运动矢量作为候选运动矢量;
如图 5所示, 可以在当前块的左边块、 左上块、 上块和右上块等相关块中选 择一组运动矢量各不相同的块的运动矢量作为相应的候选运动矢量; 例如, 可 以选择当前块的左边块和右上边块的运动矢量作为的候选运动矢量; 在选择过 程中, 需要满足各个块的运动矢量各不相同, 若存在多个运动矢量相同的情况,
则仅取其中一个作为候选运动矢量;
或者,还可以应用 H264/AVC中的运动矢量预测器进行中值计算得到的预测 值 MVP作为当前块的候选运动矢量。 相应的 MVP的计算可以为: 4叚设当前块的 左边块, 右边块和右上块的运动矢量分别是 MVA、 MVB和 MVC, 则比较该三个 值, 取三个值中的中间大小的值作为 MVP, 例如, 若 MVA < MVB < MVC, 则选 择 MVB作为 MVP;
或者, 还可以将当前块在已解码图象中相同位置块的运动矢量作为当前块 的候选运动矢量;
或者, 当釆用多参考帧编码时, 还可以将根据候选运动矢量的参考图象指 数和当前参考图象的参考图象指数, 按比例缩放后得到的运动矢量作为当前块 的候选运动矢量;例如,假设候选运动矢量为 MVp,对应的参考图象指数 refldxp, 当前参考图象的参考图象指数为 refldxX, 缩放后得到对当前参考图象的当前块 运动矢量 MVX, 则:
MVX = MVp ( refldxX/refldxp ) ; ( 1 )
或者, 当前块的候选运动矢量还可以是其他候选运动矢量的组合, 例如, 在通过上述公式( 1 )进行缩放后再加上一定的偏移值作为相应的候选运动矢量, 即 MVX = MVp1 * (refldxX/refldxp1) + offset, 其中, offset为偏移值, 相应的偏 移值可以是预先设定的常数值或其他候选运动矢量的差值;
其中, MVX为加权平均后获得的当前块的候选运动矢量, N表示共有 N个权 重因子 α« , α«表示根据代价函数产生的整数权重因子, Α是等于 2的幂, 如
矢量, r代表了舍入误差, 其可以预先确定, 通常可为 0或 。
步骤 402, 在通过上述步骤 401确定了一组候选运动矢量后, 则可以进一步 地对相应的候选运动矢量进行 选, 以确定最后的候选运动矢量队列中的候选 运动矢量;
在筛选过程中, 需要保证各个候选运动矢量的唯一性; 若发现在选择的候 选运动矢量中有相同值的情况, 则仅保留其中一个, 其余相同值的运动矢量需 要从候选运动矢量队列中移出;
可选地, 还可以利用其他预定的规定对相应的候选运动矢量做进一步地筛 选; 例如, 若某候选运动矢量所在的块是帧内编码块, 则考虑到其可用性不佳, 则也可以将其从候选运动矢量队列中移出。
在完成相应的 选操作并最终确定了候选运动矢量后, 便可以在该候选运 动矢量队列中选择最匹配的运动矢量, 并将该最匹配的运动矢量作为当前模板 的运动矢量, 即当前块的运动矢量; 该过程包括:
步骤 403,计算筛选后的候选运动矢量在参考帧中所对应的模板区域的失真 情况, 以便于根据失真的大小进行最匹配的运动矢量的选择;
步骤 404 , 根据候选运动矢量在参考帧中所对应的模板区域的失真计算结 果, 获取最匹配(失真最小) 的运动矢量作为当前块的运动矢量或者作为当前 块的运动矢量的预测值;
具体地, 可以利用候选运动矢量队列中的这些唯一的候选运动矢量, 逐个 计算利用该候选运动矢量在参考帧中移动相应的偏移量得到的对应模板块与当 前模板块的匹配代价, 如可以通过计算 SAD (绝对误差之和)值或 USSD (像素 值差的平方之和)值等确定相应的匹配代价; 之后, 根据计算出的匹配代价, 在候选运动矢量队列中选择匹配代价最小 (失真最小) 的候选运动矢量作为当 前模板的运动矢量; 例如, 参照图 6所示, 通过上述步骤 2得到的候选运动矢量 在参考帧中相应位置中的模板为参考块 1 , 2, 之后, 通过匹配代价计算确定为
参考块 2为最匹配块, 则参考块 2对应的候选运动矢量队列中的候选运动矢量即 为运动矢量。
可选地, 在完成上述步骤 401 -404的处理并获得相应的当前块的运动矢量 后, 还可以自适应选择是否做亚象素搜索处理; 例如, 若找到的当前块的运动 矢量已经是亚象素精度, 则可以不再进行亚象素精细搜索, 否则, 还可以继续 进行相应的亚象素搜索确定最终的当前块的运动矢量。
通过上述本发明实施例提供的快速运动搜索方案, 可以在编解码过程中快 速、 准确地进行当前块的运动矢量的搜索, 进而有效提高编解码系统的编解码 效率及性能。 本发明实施例还提供了一种运动矢量搜索装置, 其具体实现结构如图 7所 示, 可以包括:
候选运动矢量确定单元 701 ,用于选择当前块的相关块的运动矢量作为当前 块的候选运动矢量;
可选地, 当前块的相关块可以包括以下至少一项:
与当前块空间相关的块, 所述空间相关指与当前块的相邻块;
与当前块时间相关的块, 所述时间相关是指在当前块的参考帧中当前块对 应位置或相邻位置的块。
可选地, 作为当前块的候选运动矢量的各相关块的运动矢量各不相同, 且 相应的候选运动矢量确定单元 701选择的相关块的运动矢量具体可以包括以下 至少一项:
单个相关块对应的运动矢量;
对一个或多个相关块对应的一个或多个运动矢量进行计算, 获得的计算后 的运动矢量; 该计算过程可以为根据当前块的参考图像指数和相关块的参考图 像指数, 对一个或多个相关块的运动矢量进行缩放计算; 或者, 也可以为对多 个相关块的运动矢量进行加权平均计算; 或者, 还可以对一个或多个相关块的 运动矢量进行移位计算; 或者, 也可以对多个相关块的运动矢量进行中值计算;
在计算过程中, 若需要对多个相关块进行多次计算, 则也可以将上述多个计算 方式中的部分或全部同时应用于该计算过程中, 以实现相应的多次计算, 即相 应的多次计算可以分别釆用不同的方式实现。
在多个相关块对应的多个运动矢量中选择出来的一个运动矢量。
运动矢量搜索单元 702 , 用于在上述候选运动矢量确定单元 701确定的当前 块的候选运动矢量中选择最匹配的候选运动矢量作为当前块的运动矢量; 即计 算候选运动矢量在参考帧中所对应的模板区域的失真, 并在当前块的候选运动 矢量中获取失真最小的候选运动矢量作为当前块的运动矢量;
该运动矢量搜索单元 702具体可以包括:
计算单元 7021 , 用于计算当前块的候选运动矢量在参考帧中对应的模板区 域之间的绝对误差之和或者像素值差的平方之和;
运动矢量确定单元 7022, 用于根据所述计算单元 7021的计算结果, 选择其 中绝对误差之和或者像素值差的平方之和最小的块对应的候选运动矢量作为当 前块的运动矢量。 或者, 所述运动矢量搜索单元 702, 用于计算候选运动矢量在参考帧中所对 应的模板区域的失真, 并在当前块的候选运动矢量中获取失真最小的运动矢量。 将该运动矢量搜索单元 702获取到的所述失真最小的运动矢量作为当前块的运 动矢量或者作为当前块的运动矢量的预测值。
需要说明的是, 上述装置既可以设置于编码端, 也可以设置于解码端。 且 若设置于编码端, 则相应的运动矢量可以不在编码码流中携带传递, 而仅在解 码端釆用同样的运动矢量搜索方式进行运动矢量搜索即可。
具体地, 本发明实施例提供的编码器, 如图 8所示, 可以包括上述应用于模 板匹配的快速运动搜索装置 801 , 以及编码单元 802, 相应的编码单元 802根据 通过所述应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索装置 801确定的当前编码块的运动矢 量对当前编码块进行编码操作。
本发明实施例提供的解码器, 如图 9所示, 可以包括上述应用于模板匹配的
快速运动搜索装置 901 , 以及解码单元 902, 相应的解码单元 902根据通过所述 应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索装置 901确定的当前解码块的运动矢量对当前 解码块进行解码操作。
本发明实施例还提供了相应的编解码系统, 该系统包括图 8所示的编码器, 以及与该编码器通信的图 9所示的解码器。
通过上述装置、 编解码器及编解码系统的实现, 使得在编解码过程中, 可 以简便、 快捷地获得相应的当前块的运动矢量, 从而可以有效地实现相应的运 动补偿技术, 进而提高编解码器及编解码系统中的编解码效率及性能。
本领域普通技术人员可以理解实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程, 是可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成, 所述的程序可存储于一计算 机可读取存储介质中, 该程序在执行时, 可包括如上述各方法的实施例的流程。 其中, 所述的存储介质可为磁碟、光盘、 只读存储记忆体(Read-Only Memory, ROM )或随机存储记忆体( Random Access Memory, RAM )等。
本发明实施例中, 由于不需要确定较大的搜索范围, 因而可以减少在编解 码端运动矢量推导算法中的模板匹配代价计算的次数, 从而降低了编解码端运 动矢量推导算法的复杂度, 使得可以较为简便、 快捷地获得相应的运动矢量。 同时, 本发明实施例还可以通过保留足够数量的候选运动矢量的方式保持或提 高相应的编解码性能。 以上所述, 仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式, 但本发明的保护范围并不局 限于此, 任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内, 可轻易 想到的变化或替换, 都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。 因此, 本发明的保护 范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims
1、 一种应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索方法, 其特征在于, 包括: 选择当前块的相关块的运动矢量作为当前块的候选运动矢量; 计算候选运动矢量在参考帧中所对应的模板区域的失真;
根据所述失真, 在当前块的候选运动矢量中获取失真最小的运动矢量。
2、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述当前块的相关块包括以 下至少一项:
与当前块空间相关的块, 所述空间相关指与当前块的相邻块; 或者, 与当前块时间相关的块, 所述时间相关是指在当前块的参考帧中当前块对 应位置或相邻位置的块。
3、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 作为当前块的候选运动矢量 的运动矢量各不相同, 且所述当前块的候选运动矢量包括以下至少一种:
单个相关块对应的运动矢量; 或者,
对一个或多个相关块对应的一个或多个运动矢量进行计算, 获得的计算后 的运动矢量; 或者,
在多个相关块对应的多个运动矢量中选择出来的一个运动矢量。
4、 根据权利要求 3所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述对一个或多个相关块对 应的一个或多个运动矢量进行计算的过程包括以下至少一种处理: 根据当前块的参考图像指数和相关块的参考图像指数, 对一个或多个相关 块的运动矢量进行缩放计算; 或者,
对一个或多个相关块的运动矢量进行移位计算; 或者, 对多个相关块的运动矢量进行中值计算; 或者,
对多个相关块的运动矢量进行加权平均计算。
5、 根据权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于, 所述获取失真最小的运动矢 量的过程包括: 计算当前块候选运动矢量在参考帧中对应的模板区域之间的绝对误差之和 或者像素值差的平方之和, 并选择绝对误差之和或者像素值差的平方之和最小 的候选运动矢量作为最匹配的运动矢量。
6、 一种编码方法, 其特征在于, 包括: 应用权利要求 1至 5任一项所述的应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索方法搜索 确定当前编码块的运动矢量;
根据所述当前编码块的运动矢量对当前编码块进行编码操作。
7、 一种解码方法, 其特征在于, 包括: 应用权利要求 1至 5任一项所述的应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索方法搜索 确定当前解码块的运动矢量;
根据所述当前解码块的运动矢量对当前解码块进行解码操作。
8、 一种应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索装置, 其特征在于, 包括: 候选运动矢量确定单元, 用于选择当前块的相关块的运动矢量作为当前块 的候选运动矢量;
运动矢量搜索单元, 用于计算候选运动矢量在参考帧中所对应的模板区域 的失真, 在当前块的候选运动矢量中获取失真最小的运动矢量。
9、 根据权利要求 8所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述当前块的相关块包括以 下至少一项:
与当前块空间相关的块, 所述空间相关指与当前块的相邻块; 或者, 与当前块时间相关的块, 所述时间相关是指在当前块的参考帧中当前块对
应位置或相邻位置的块。
10、 根据权利要求 8所述的装置, 其特征在于, 作为当前块的候选运动矢量 的运动矢量各不相同, 所述候选运动矢量确定单元选择的候选运动矢量包括以 下至少一项:
单个相关块对应的运动矢量; 或者,
对一个或多个相关块对应的一个或多个运动矢量进行计算, 获得的计算后 的运动矢量; 或者,
在多个相关块对应的多个运动矢量中选择出来的一个运动矢量。
1 1、 根据权利要求 10所述的装置, 其特征在于, 所述对一个或多个相关块 对应的一个或多个运动矢量进行计算的过程包括以下至少一种处理: 根据当前块的参考图像指数和相关块的参考图像指数, 对一个或多个相关 块的运动矢量进行缩放计算; 或者,
对一个或多个相关块的运动矢量进行移位计算; 或者, 对多个相关块的运动矢量进行中值计算; 或者, 对多个相关块的运动矢量进行加权平均计算。
12、根据权利要求 8所述的装置,其特征在于,所述运动矢量搜索单元包括: 计算单元, 用于计算当前块的候选运动矢量在参考帧中对应的模板区域之 间的绝对误差之和或者像素值差的平方之和; 运动矢量确定单元, 用于根据所述计算单元的计算结果, 选择绝对误差之 和或者像素值差的平方之和最小的运动矢量。
13、 一种编码器, 其特征在于, 包括权利要求 8至 12任一项所述的应用于模 板匹配的快速运动搜索装置, 以及编码单元, 所述编码单元用于根据通过所述 应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索装置确定的当前编码块的运动矢量对当前编码
块进行编码操作。
14、 一种解码器, 其特征在于, 包括权利要求 8至 12任一项所述的应用于模 板匹配的快速运动搜索装置, 以及解码单元, 所述解码单元用于根据通过所述 应用于模板匹配的快速运动搜索装置确定的当前解码块的运动矢量对当前解码 块进行解码操作。
15、 一种编解码系统, 其特征在于, 包括权利要求 13所述的编码器, 以及 与所述编码器通信的权利要求 14所述的解码器。
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