Classifications

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  • C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  • C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
  • C07D471/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00
  • C07D471/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms in the condensed system, at least one ring being a six-membered ring with one nitrogen atom, not provided for by groups C07D451/00 - C07D463/00 in which the condensed system contains two hetero rings
  • C07D471/04—Ortho-condensed systems
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  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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  • A61P11/02—Nasal agents, e.g. decongestants
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P11/00—Drugs for disorders of the respiratory system
  • A61P11/06—Antiasthmatics
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  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P15/00—Drugs for genital or sexual disorders; Contraceptives
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  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
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  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
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  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P19/00—Drugs for skeletal disorders
  • A61P19/08—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease
  • A61P19/10—Drugs for skeletal disorders for bone diseases, e.g. rachitism, Paget's disease for osteoporosis
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/04—Centrally acting analgesics, e.g. opioids
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
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  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P25/00—Drugs for disorders of the nervous system
  • A61P25/20—Hypnotics; Sedatives
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  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
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• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P27/00—Drugs for disorders of the senses
  • A61P27/02—Ophthalmic agents
  • A61P27/06—Antiglaucoma agents or miotics
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• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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  • A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
  • A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
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• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
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  • A61P37/02—Immunomodulators
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P37/00—Drugs for immunological or allergic disorders
  • A61P37/08—Antiallergic agents
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P43/00—Drugs for specific purposes, not provided for in groups A61P1/00-A61P41/00
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P7/00—Drugs for disorders of the blood or the extracellular fluid
  • A61P7/02—Antithrombotic agents; Anticoagulants; Platelet aggregation inhibitors
• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
  • A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
  • A61P9/04—Inotropic agents, i.e. stimulants of cardiac contraction; Drugs for heart failure

Definitions

• Prostaglandin D2 is a cyclooxygenase metabolite of arachidonic acid. It is released from mast and TH2 cells in response to an immunological challenge, and has been implicated in playing a role in different physiological events such as sleep and allergic responses.
• Receptors for PGD2 include the "DP” receptor, the chemoattractant receptor- homologous molecule expressed on TH2 cells (“CRTH2”), and the "FP" receptor.
• CRTH2 receptors are G-protein coupled receptors activated by PGD2.
• the CRTH2 receptor and its expression on different cells including human T-helper cells, basophils, and eosinophils are described in Abe, et al, Gene 227:11-11, 1999, Nagata, et al, FEBS Letters 459:195-199, 1999, and Nagata, et al, The Journal of Immunology 162: 1278- 1286, 1999, describe CRTH2 receptor.
• Hirai, et al, J. Exp. Med. 193:255-261, 2001 indicates that CRTH2 is a receptor for PGD2.
• WO2007019675 discloses CRTH2 antagonists of the formula:
• the present invention provides novel compounds which are CRTH2 receptor 20 antagonists.
• Compounds of the present invention are useful for the treatment of various prostaglandin-mediated diseases and disorders; accordingly the present invention provides a method for the treatment of prostaglandin-mediated diseases using the novel compounds described herein, as well as pharmaceutical compositions containing them.
• the present invention relates to compounds of formula I: MCC-BRE-00003
• Z is -C(O)-(C(Rd)(Re)) n - or -C(O)-C(Rf)(Rg)-O-, wherein n is 0, 1 or 2;
• Cy is aryl, heteroaryl or C3.6 cycloalkyl optionally fused to a benzene, each of which is optionally substituted with 1 to 4 groups independently selected from R c ; 10 R 1 is selected from H, halogen, -OC 1 -6alkyl, and -C 1 -6alkyl;
• R2 is selected from H, halogen, -Ci-6alkyl, -OCi-6alkyl, -SCi_6alkyl, -S(O)Q -6alkyl, -
• R ⁇ is selected from H, Ci-6alkyl and benzyl optionally substituted on the phenyl portion with 1 to 3 halogen; 15 Ra and Rb are independently H, aryl, heteroaryl, C 1. ⁇ alkyl or haloC 1 -6alkyl; or
• Ra and Rb together with the carbon atom to which they are both attached form a C3-6cycloalkyl ring;
• Ra and Rb together with the adjacent carbon atoms to which they are attached form a C3. 6cycloalkyl ring;
• Re is selected from halogen, NRfRg, S ⁇ 2NRfRg, CN, C 1 -6alkoxy, C 1 -6alkyl, haloC 1 -6alkoxy, and haloC 1 -6alkyl;
• Rd and R e are independently selected from hydrogen, Ci-6alkyl, -Ci-6alkyl-C3-6cycloalkyl, hydroxy, C ⁇ alkoxy, NRfRg, and aryl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 groups independently; or 25 Rd, Re together with the carbon atom to which they are both attached form a C3_6cycloalkyl optionally having a ring heteroatom selected from -O-, -S-, -N(C(O)Rf)- and -N(Rf)-, and optionally substituted with 1 to 3 Ci-3alkyl groups; or
• Rd Re attached to adjacent carbon atoms together with the carbon atoms to which they are attached form a C3_6cycloalkyl optionally having a ring heteroatom selected from -O-, -S-, - 30 N(C(O)Rf)- and -N(Rf)-, and optionally substituted with 1 to 3 Ci -3alkyl groups; and Rf and Rg are independently selected from hydrogen and Ci-3alkyl; or Rf Rg together with the atom to which they are both attached form a 3- to 6-membered ring.
• Cy is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 3 groups independently selected from Rc.
• Cy is phenyl optionally substituted with 1 to 2 groups independently selected from halogen, Ci_6alkyl, haloCi- ⁇ alkyl and Ci_6alkoxy.
• Rd and R e are other than hydrogen.
• Rd, Re and the carbon to which they are both attached together form a C3-6carbocycle optionally substituted with one or two Ci_3alkyl groups.
• R3 is other than hydgrogen; in one group thereof R3 is methyl.
• the invention also encompasses pharmaceutical compositions containing a 20 compound of formula I, and methods for treatment or prevention of prostaglandin mediated diseases using compounds of formula I.
• halogen or halo includes F, Cl, Br, and I. MCC-BRE-00003
• alkyl refers to linear or branched alkyl chains having the indicated number of carbon atoms.
• alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, s- and t-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, and the like.
• Haloalkyl means an alkyl group as described above wherein one or more 5 hydrogen atoms have been replaced by halogen atoms, with up to complete substitution of all hydrogen atoms with halo groups.
• Ci_6haloalkyl for example, includes -CF3, -CF2CF3, CHFCH3, and the like.
• Alkoxy means alkoxy groups of a linear or branched alkyl chain having the indicated number of carbon atoms. Ci-6alkoxy, for example, includes methoxy, ethoxy,
• Haloalkoxy means an alkoxy group as described above in which one or more hydrogen atoms have been replaced by halogen atoms, with up to complete substitution of all hydrogen atoms with halo groups.
• Ci-6haloalkoxy for example, includes -OCF3, -OCF2CF3, - OCH2CF3 and the like.
• Aryl means a 6-14 membered carbocyclic aromatic ring system comprising 1-3 benzene rings. If two or more aromatic rings are present, then the rings are fused together, so that adjacent rings share a common bond. Examples include phenyl and naphthyl.
• Het heteroaryl
• Het represents a 5-10 membered aromatic ring system containing one ring or two fused rings, 1 -4 heteroatoms, selected from O, S and N.
• Het includes, but is not limited to, furanyl, imidazolyl, isoxazolyl, isothiazolyl, oxadiazolyl, oxazolyl, pyrazolyl, pyridyl, pyrrolyl, tetrazolyl, thiazolyl, thiadiazolyl, thienyl, triazinyl, triazolyl, 7H-pyrrole-2,5-dionyl, 2-pyrone, 4-pyrone, pyrrolopyridine, furopyridine and thienopyridine.
• “Therapeutically effective amount” means that amount of a drug or
• treatment includes alleviating, ameliorating, relieving or otherwise reducing the signs and symptoms associated with a disease or disorder.
• composition as in pharmaceutical composition, is intended to encompass a product comprising the active ingredient(s), and the inert ingredient(s) (pharmaceutically acceptable excipients) that make up the carrier, as well as any product which results, directly or indirectly, from combination, complexation or aggregation of any two or more of the ingredients, or from dissociation of one or more of the ingredients, or from other types of
• compositions of the present invention encompass any composition made by admixing a compound of formula I, and pharmaceutically acceptable excipients.
• optionally substituted means "unsubstituted or substituted," and therefore, the generic structural formulas described herein encompasses compounds containing the specified optional substituent as well as compounds that do not contain the optional substituent.
• aryl or heteroaryl each optionally substituted with 1 to 4 5 groups independently selected from R c encompasses unsubstituted aryl or heteroaryl, and aryl or heteroaryl substituted with one, two, three or four substituents selected from R c ; the same phrase can also be represented by the equivalent expression "Ar-(R c ) ⁇ -4".
• each R c is independently selected at each occurrence, and each R c can be the same or different from the other(s).
• the term -OC(Ci-3alkyl)2- includes compounds in which the two alkyl substituents are of the same or different chain lengths.
• each occurrence of Rd and R e can be the same or different from the other occurrence of Rd and R e , respectively; for example, -(C(Rd)(Re))2- can be -
• Some of the compounds described herein contain olefinic double bonds, and unless specified otherwise, are meant to include both E and Z geometric isomers. 35 Some of the compounds described herein may exist with different points of attachment of hydrogen, referred to as tautomers. Such an example may be a ketone and its enol form known as keto-enol tautomers. The individual tautomers as well as mixture thereof are encompassed with compounds of formula I. MCC-BRE-00003
• Compounds of the formula I may be separated into diastereo isomeric pairs of enantiomers by, for example, fractional crystallization from a suitable solvent, for example methanol or ethyl acetate or a mixture thereof.
• a suitable solvent for example methanol or ethyl acetate or a mixture thereof.
• the pair of enantiomers thus obtained may be separated into individual stereoisomers by conventional means, for example by the use of an 5 optically active acid as a resolving agent.
• any enantiomer of a compound of the general formula I may be obtained by stereo specific synthesis using optically pure starting materials or reagents of known configuration.
• salts refers to salts prepared from pharmaceutically acceptable non-toxic bases including inorganic bases and organic bases. Salts derived from inorganic bases include aluminum, ammonium, calcium, copper, ferric, ferrous, lithium, magnesium, manganic salts, manganous, potassium, sodium, zinc, and the like.
• ammonium, calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium salts are particularly preferred.
• Salts derived from pharmaceutically acceptable organic non-toxic bases include salts of primary, secondary, and tertiary amines, substituted amines including naturally occurring substituted amines, cyclic amines, and basic ion exchange resins, such as arginine, betaine, caffeine, choline, N,N'-dibenzylethylenediamine, diethylamine, 2-diethylaminoethanol, 2-dimethylaminoethanol,
• salts may be prepared from
• non-toxic acids including inorganic and organic acids.
• Such acids include acetic, benzenesulfonic, benzoic, camphorsulfonic, citric, ethanesulfonic, fumaric, gluconic, glutamic, hydrobromic, hydrochloric, isethionic, lactic, maleic, malic, mandelic, methanesulfonic, mucic, nitric, pamoic, pantothenic, phosphoric, succinic, sulfuric, tartaric, p- toluenesulfonic acid, and the like.
• Particularly preferred are citric, hydrobromic, hydrochloric,
• references to the compound of formula I, Ia, Ib, Ic and Id, subsets thereof, embodiments thereof, as well as specific compounds are meant to also include the pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
• prostaglandin receptors The ability of compounds of formula I to interact with prostaglandin receptors makes them useful for preventing or reversing undesirable symptoms caused by prostaglandins in 5 a mammalian, especially human subject.
• This mimicking or antagonism of the actions of prostaglandins indicates that the compounds and pharmaceutical compositions thereof are useful to treat, prevent, or ameliorate in mammals and especially in humans: respiratory conditions, allergic conditions, pain, inflammatory conditions, mucus secretion disorders, bone disorders, sleep disorders, fertility disorders, blood coagulation disorders, trouble of the vision as well as
• Such a compound may inhibit cellular neoplastic transformations and metastic tumor growth and hence can be used in the treatment of cancer.
• Compounds of formula I may also be of use in the treatment and/or prevention prostaglandin- mediated proliferation disorders such as may occur in diabetic retinopathy and tumor angiogenesis.
• Compounds of formula I may also inhibit prostanoid-induced smooth muscle
• compounds of formula I are antagonists of prostaglandin D2 receptor, CRTH2.
• another aspect of the invention provides a method of treating or preventing a prostaglandin mediated disease comprising administering to a mammalian patient in
• Prostaglandin mediated diseases include, but are not limited to, allergic rhinitis, nasal congestion, rhinorrhea, perennial rhinitis, nasal inflammation, asthma including allergic asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases and other forms of lung inflammation; sleep disorders and sleep-wake cycle disorders; prostanoid-
• bone formation and resorption such as for example osteoporosis; shock; thermal regulation including fever; and immune disorders or conditions in which immunoregulation is desirable.
• the disease to be treated is one mediated by prostaglandin D2 such as nasal congestion, pulmonary congestion, and asthma including allergic asthma.
• 35 prostaglandin mediated disease comprising administering to a mammalian patient in need of such treatment a compound of formula I in an amount which is effective for treating or preventing a prostaglandin mediated disease, wherein the prostaglandin mediated disease is nasal congestion, rhinitis including allergic and perennial rhinitis, and asthma including allergic asthma.
• the prostaglandin mediated disease is nasal congestion, rhinitis including allergic and perennial rhinitis, and asthma including allergic asthma.
• in another embodiment of the present invention is a method of treating or preventing a prostaglandin D2-mediated disease comprising administering to a mammalian patient in need of such treatment a compound of formula I in an amount which is effective for treating or preventing a prostaglandin D2 mediated disease wherein said prostaglandin D2 5 mediated disease is nasal congestion or asthma.
• in another embodiment of the present invention is a method for the treatment of nasal congestion in a patient in need of such treatment which comprises administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I.
• in yet another embodiment of the present invention is a method for the treatment 10 of asthma, including allergic asthma, in a patient in need of such treatment which comprises administering to said patient a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I.
• the daily dose from about 0.001 mg to about 100 mg per kg body weight of a mammal, preferably 0.01 mg to
• the amount of active ingredient that may be combined with the carrier materials to produce a single dosage form will vary depending upon the host treated and the particular mode of administration.
• 25 humans may contain from 0.05 mg to 5 g of active agent compounded with an appropriate and convenient amount of carrier material which may vary from about 5 to about 99.95 percent of the total composition.
• Dosage unit forms will generally contain between from about 0.1 mg to about 0.4 g of an active ingredient, typically 0.5 mg, 1 mg, 2 mg, 5 mg, 10 mg, 25 mg, 50 mg, 100 mg, 200 mg, or 400 mg.
• compositions comprising a compound of formula I with a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
• a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier for the treatment of any of the prostanoid mediated diseases compounds of formula I may be
• parenteral as used herein includes subcutaneous injections, intravenous, intramuscular, intrasternal injection or infusion techniques.
• blooded animals such as mice, rats, horses, cattle, sheep, dogs, cats, etc.
• the compound of the invention is effective in the treatment of humans.
• compositions containing the active ingredient may be in a form suitable for oral use, for example, as tablets, troches, lozenges, aqueous or oily suspensions, 5 dispersible powders or granules, emulsions, hard or soft capsules, or syrups or elixirs.
• compositions intended for oral use may be prepared according to any method known to the art for the manufacture of pharmaceutical compositions and such compositions may contain one or more agents selected from the group consisting of sweetening agents, flavouring agents, colouring agents and preserving agents in order to provide pharmaceutically elegant and
• Tablets contain the active ingredient in admixture with non-toxic pharmaceutically acceptable excipients which are suitable for the manufacture of tablets.
• excipients may be for example, inert diluents, such as calcium carbonate, sodium carbonate, lactose, calcium phosphate or sodium phosphate; granulating and disintegrating agents, for example, corn starch, or alginic acid; binding agents, for example starch, gelatin or acacia, and
• lubricating agents for example, magnesium stearate, stearic acid or talc.
• the tablets may be uncoated or they may be coated by known techniques to delay disintegration and absorption in the gastrointestinal tract and thereby provide a sustained action over a longer period.
• a time delay material such as glyceryl monostearate or glyceryl distearate may be employed. They may also be coated by the technique described in the U.S. Patent 4,256,108;
• Formulations for oral use may also be presented as hard gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredient is mixed with an inert solid diluent, for example, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate or kaolin, or as soft gelatin capsules wherein the active ingredients is mixed with water-miscible solvents such as propylene glycol, PEGs and ethanol, or an oil medium, for
• Aqueous suspensions contain the active material in admixture with excipients suitable for the manufacture of aqueous suspensions.
• excipients are suspending agents, for example sodium carboxymethylcellulose, methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, sodium alginate, polyvinylpyrrolidone, gum tragacanth and gum acacia; dispersing or wetting
• 30 agents may be a naturally-occurring phosphatide, for example lecithin, or condensation products of an alkylene oxide with fatty acids, for example polyoxyethylene stearate, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with long chain aliphatic alcohols, for example heptadecaethylene- oxycetanol, or condensation products of ethylene oxide with partial esters derived from fatty acids and a hexitol such as polyoxyethylene sorbitol monooleate, or condensation products of
• aqueous suspensions may also contain one or more preservatives, for example ethyl, or n-propyl, p-hydroxybenzoate, one or more colouring agents, MCC-BRE-00003
• flavouring agents such as sucrose, saccharin or aspartame.
• sweetening agents such as sucrose, saccharin or aspartame.
• Oily suspensions may be formulated by suspending the active ingredient in a vegetable oil, for example arachis oil, olive oil, sesame oil or coconut oil, or in mineral oil such 5 as liquid paraffin.
• the oily suspensions may contain a thickening agent, for example beeswax, hard paraffin or cetyl alcohol. Sweetening agents such as those set forth above, and flavouring agents may be added to provide a palatable oral preparation. These compositions may be preserved by the addition of an anti-oxidant such as ascorbic acid.
• compositions of the invention may also be in the form of an
• the oily phase may be a vegetable oil, for example olive oil or arachis oil, or a mineral oil, for example liquid paraffin or mixtures of these.
• Suitable emulsifying agents may be naturally-occurring phosphatides, for example soy bean, lecithin, and esters or partial esters derived from fatty acids and hexitol anhydrides, for example sorbitan monooleate, and condensation products of the said partial esters with ethylene oxide, for example
• the emulsions may also contain sweetening and flavouring agents.
• Syrups and elixirs may be formulated with sweetening agents, for example glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol or sucrose. Such formulations may also contain a demulcent, a preservative and flavouring and colouring agents.
• sweetening agents for example glycerol, propylene glycol, sorbitol or sucrose.
• Such formulations may also contain a demulcent, a preservative and flavouring and colouring agents.
• the pharmaceutical compositions may be in
• a sterile injectable aqueous or oleagenous suspension This suspension may be formulated according to the known art using those suitable dispersing or wetting agents and suspending agents which have been mentioned above.
• the sterile injectable preparation may also be a sterile injectable solution or suspension in a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent, for example as a solution in 1,3 -butane diol.
• a non-toxic parenterally-acceptable diluent or solvent for example as a solution in 1,3 -butane diol.
• solvents that may be employed are water, Ringer's solution and isotonic sodium chloride solution. Cosolvents such as ethanol, propylene glycol or polyethylene glycols may also be used.
• sterile, fixed oils are conventionally employed as a solvent or suspending medium. For this purpose any bland fixed oil may be employed including synthetic mono- or diglycerides.
• fatty acids such as oleic acid find use in the preparation of injectables.
• compositions may also be administered in the form of suppositories for rectal administration of the drug.
• These compositions can be prepared by mixing the drug with a suitable non-irritating excipient which is solid at ambient temperatures but liquid at the MCC-BRE-00003
• rectal temperature and will therefore melt in the rectum to release the drug.
• Such materials are cocoa butter and polyethylene glycols.
• Topical formulations may generally be comprised of a pharmaceutical carrier, cosolvent, emulsifier, penetration enhancer, preservative system, and emollient.
• compound of formula I may be co-administered with other therapeutic agents.
• the present invention provides pharmaceutical compositions for treating prostaglandin mediated diseases comprising a therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I and one or more other therapeutic agents. Suitable therapeutic agents for combination therapy with a
• compound of formula I include: (1) a DP receptor antagonist such as S-5751 ; (2) a corticosteroid such as triamcinolone acetonide; (3) a ⁇ -agonist such as salmeterol, formoterol, terbutaline, metaproterenol, albuterol and the like; (4) a leukotriene modifier, including a leukotriene receptor antagonist such as montelukast, zafirlukast, pranlukast, or a lipooxygenase inhibitor including 5 -lipooxygenase inhibitors and FLAP (5 -lipooxygenase activating protein) inhibitors
• an antihistamine such as bromopheniramine, chlorpheniramine, dexchlor- pheniramine, triprolidine, clemastine, diphenhydramine, diphenylpyraline, tripelennamine, hydroxyzine, methdilazine, promethazine, trimeprazine, azatadine, cyproheptadine, antazoline, pheniramine pyrilamine, astemizole, terfenadine, loratadine, cetirizine, fexofenadine, descarboethoxyloratadine, and the like; (6) a decongestant including phenylephrine, phenyl-
• proanolamine pseudophedrine, oxymetazoline, epinephrine, naphazoline, xylometazoline, propylhexedrine, or levo-desoxyephedrine
• an antitussive including codeine, hydrocodone, caramiphen, carbetapentane, or dextramethorphan
• another prostaglandin ligand including prostaglandin F agonist such as latanoprost; misoprostol, enprostil, rioprostil, ornoprostol or rosaprostol
• NSAIDs non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents
• propionic acid derivatives (alminoprofen, benoxaprofen, bucloxic acid, carprofen, fenbufen, fenoprofen, fluprofen, flurbiprofen, ibuprofen, indoprofen, ketoprofen, miroprofen, naproxen, oxaprozin, pirprofen, pranoprofen, suprofen, tiaprofenic acid, and tioxaprofen), acetic acid derivatives (indomethacin, acemetacin, alclofenac, clidanac, diclofenac, fenclofenac, fenclozic acid, fentiazac, furofenac, ibufenac, isoxepac, oxpinac, sulindac, tiopinac, tolmetin, zidometacin,
• fenamic acid derivatives flufenamic acid, meclofenamic acid, mefenamic acid, niflumic acid and tolfenamic acid
• biphenylcarboxylic acid derivatives diiflunisal and flufenisal
• oxicams isoxicam, piroxicam, sudoxicam and tenoxican
• salicylates acetyl salicylic acid, sulfasalazine
• pyrazolones Japanese, bezpiperylon, feprazone, mofebutazone, MCC-BRE-00003
• oxyphenbutazone oxyphenbutazone, phenylbutazone
• COX-2 cyclooxygenase-2
• PDE-IV phosphodiesterase type IV
• Ariflo, roflumilast (13) antagonists of the chemokine receptors, especially CCR-I, CCR-2, and CCR-3; (14) cholesterol lowering agents such as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors (lovastatin, simvastatin and 5 pravastatin, fluvastatin, atorvastatin, and other statins), sequestrants (cholestyramine and colestipol), nicotinic acid, fenofibric acid derivatives (gemfibrozil, clofibrat, fenofibrate and benzaf ⁇ brate), and probucol; (15) anti-diabetic agents such as insulin, sulfonylureas, biguanides (metformin), ⁇ -glucosidase inhibitors (acarbose) and glitazones (troglitazone, pioglitazone, englitazone, rosiglitazone and the like);
• interferon beta-lb 10 interferon beta-lb);
• anticholinergic agents such as muscarinic antagonists (ipratropium bromide and tiotropium bromide), as well as selective muscarinic M3 antagonists;
• steroids such as beclomethasone, methylprednisolone, betamethasone, prednisone, dexamethasone, and hydrocortisone;
• triptans commonly used for the treatment of migraine such as sumitriptan and rizatriptan; (20) alendronate and other treatments for osteoporosis; (21) other compounds
• WO 15 such as 5-aminosalicylic acid and prodrugs thereof, antimetabolites such as azathioprine and 6- mercaptopurine, cytotoxic cancer chemotherapeutic agents, bradykinin (BK2) antagonists such as FK-3657, TP receptor antagonists such as seratrodast, neurokinin antagonists (NK1/NK2), VLA- 4 antagonists such as those described in US 5,510,332, WO97/03094, WO97/02289, WO96/40781, WO96/22966, WO96/20216, WO96/01644, WO96/06108, WO95/15973 and
• BK2 bradykinin
• TP receptor antagonists such as seratrodast
• NK1/NK2 neurokinin antagonists
• VLA- 4 antagonists such as those described in US 5,510,332, WO97/03094, WO97/02289, WO96/40781, WO96/22966, WO96
• the invention encompasses a method of treating prostaglandin D2 mediated diseases comprising: administration to a patient in need of such treatment a non-toxic therapeutically effective amount of a compound of formula I, optionally co-administered with one or more of such ingredients as listed immediately above.
• the amine I can be alkylated, for example with an alkyl iodide in the
• Step 1 ethyl 3-(6-oxo- 1 -phenyl-1 AS. ⁇ -tetrahvdropyridazin-B-vDpropanoate
• Step 2 propyl 3 - [3 -(2-oxo-2-propoxyethyl)- 1 //-mdol-2-yl]propanoate
• Methanesulfonic acid (1.15 equiv.) was added to a stirred solution of ethyl 3-(6- oxo-l-phenyl-l,4,5,6-tetrahydropyridazin-3-yl)propanoate from Step 1 in n-propanol (1.1 M).
• N-methylmorpholine (1.1 equiv.) was added dropwise over Ih to a stirred, 0 0 C mixture of 3-[3-(2-oxo-2-propoxyethyl)-lH-indol-2-yl]propanoic acid from Step 3 and ethyl chloroformate (1.11 equiv.) in T ⁇ F (0.4 M).
• the reaction temperature was closely monitored during the addition and was not allowed to go over +2 0 C.
• the mixture was stirred at 0 0 C an additional 30min. A white precipitate formed rapidly.
• Diazomethane (0.3 M in Et 2 O, 1.8 equiv.)
• Rhodium (II) octanoate dimmer (0.1 equiv.) was added to a CH 2 Cl 2 solution (0.02 M) of propyl [2-(4-diazo-3-oxobutyl)-lH-indol-3-yl]acetate from Step 4. The reaction mixture was stirred overnight at rt and then concentrated. The residue was purified by column chromatography on silica gel using automatized gradiant pump system CombiFlashRF (Teledyne
• indol-10-yl)acetate from Step 5 was added as a DMSO (0.06 M) solution.
• the reaction was adjusted to pH 7.2 and aged at 30 0 C overnight under nitrogen atmosphere.
• the pH of the reaction was adjusted to pH 4.0 with 6N HCl and Celite (20 g per L) was added.
• the combined aqueous filtrate was extracted with 1 volume of MTBE.
• the organic layer did not contain amine and was discarded.
• the aqueous layer was diluted with an equal volume of MTBE and the pH of the mixture was adjusted to pH 9.5 using 5N NaOH.
• the two phases were separated and the aqueous layer was extracted with MTBE.
• the spent aqueous layer had no detectable amine and was discarded.
• the 10 combined organic layers were washed with dilute sodium carbonate and dried over Na 2 SO 4 .
• R 3 a R 3 group other than H such as methyl
• R lower alkyl (methyl, ethyl, propyl, etc )
• MS mass spectra
• Step 1 Propyl r(7i?)-7-(methylaminoV6.7,8.9-tetrahvdropyrido ⁇ .2- ⁇ 1indol-10-yllacetate
• Step 2 Preparation of 2-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoic acid.
• Methyl (4-fluorophenyl)acetate 0.5 g was dissolved in DMF (81 niL). The mixture was cooled in an ice bath and NaH (131 mg, 60% w/w in mineral oil) was added. The 5 mixture was stirred for 1 h at RT and again cooled in an ice bath before the addition of MeI (633 mg). The mixture was warmed to RT and, the reaction was quenched with 1/2 (sat.) aqueous ammonium chloride. Work up consisted of extraction of the aqueous layer with ether (2 x). The combined organic fractions were washed with water and brine, then dried (MgSCU). The solvent was evaporated under reduced pressure and methyl 2-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoate was purified on
• Example 1 (20.0 mg) was dissolved in DCM (2.0 mL) then DMAP (0.449 mg), (4-fluoro- phenyl)acetyl chloride (16.0 ⁇ L) and triethylamine (10.24 ⁇ L) were added to the solution under MCC-BRE-00003
• Example 1 (Method A) from (2,4-difluorophenyl)acetic acid and propyl [(7 ⁇ )-7-(methylamino)- 6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[l,2- ⁇ ]indol-10-yl]acetate. MS (+ESI) m/z: 413.
• Example 1 (Method A) from indane-1-carboxylic acid and propyl [(7i?)-7-(methylamino)- 6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[l,2- ⁇ ]indol-10-yl]acetate. MS (+ESI) m/z: 403.
• Example 2 (Method B) from 4-fluorobenzoyl chloride and propyl [(77?)-7-(methylamino)-6,7,8,9- tetrahydropyrido[l,2-fl]indol-10-yl]acetate. MS (+ESI) m/z: 381.
• Example 2 (Method B) from cyclopropanecarboxylic acid and propyl [(7/?)-7-(methylamino)- 6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[l,2- ⁇ ]indol-10-yl]acetate. MS (+ESI) m/z: 327.
• Example 2 (Method B) from l-(4-chlorophenyl)cyclopentanecarbonyl chloride and propyl [(7R)- 7-(methylamino)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[l,2- ⁇ ]indol-10-yl]acetate.
• Example 1 (Method A) from 1 -(4-fluorophenyl)cyclopropanecarboxylic acid and propyl [(7i?)-7- (methylamino)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[l,2-(3]indol-10-yl]acetate. MS (+ESI) m/z: 321.
• Example 1 (Method A) from (4-fluorophenyl)(piperidin-l-yl)acetic acid and propyl [(7 R)-I- (methylamino)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[l,2- ⁇ ]indol-10-yl]acetate.
• Example 1 (Method A) from methoxy(phenyl)acetic acid and propyl [(7i?)-7-(methylamino)- 6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[l,2- ⁇ ]indol-10-yl]acetate. MS (+ESI) m/z: 407.
• Example 1 (Method A) from (2-methyl-l,3-thiazol-4-yl)acetic acid and propyl [(7R)-I- (methylamino)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[l,2-fl]indol-10-yl]acetate. MS (+ESI) m/z: 398.
• Example 1 (Method A) from 3-cyclopropyl-2-(4-fluorophenyl)propanoic acid and propyl [(I R)- 7-(methylamino)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[l,2- ⁇ ]indol-10-yl]acetate. MS (+ESI) m/z: 449.
• Step 1 propyl [(7/?)-7-(ethylaminoV6.7.8.9-tetrahydropyrido[l .2- ⁇ lindol-l O-yl]acetate This compound was achieved according to the general procedures outlined in
• Step 2 ((7/?)-7-(Ethyl-[l-(4-fluoro-phenylVcvclopropanecarbonyl]-aminoj-6J,8,9- tetrahydro-pyrido [ 1 ,2-a]indol- 10-ylV acetic acid
• Step 1 methyl 17-ilY4-fluorophenvDsulfonyll (methvDamino) -6.7.8.9-
• Step 2 methyl r(7 ⁇ -7- ⁇ r(4-fluorophenvnsulfonyl ⁇ methyl)aminol-6.7.8.9- tetrahvdropyrido [ 1 ,2-a] indol- 10-yl] acetate 15
• the methyl [7- ⁇ [(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl](methyl)amino]-6,7,8,9- tetrahydropyrido[l,2- ⁇ ]indol-10-yl ⁇ acetate was resolved by chiral HPLC using a ChiralpakAD column and eluting with a mixture of 20%EtOH/20%z ' PrOH/60%Hex to afford equal amounts of methyl [(7S)-7- ⁇ [(4-fluorophenyl)sulfonyl] (methyl)amino ⁇ -6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyr
• Step 3 methyl [(7y>-7-(methylamino)-6.7,8,9-tetrahydropyridori.2-fl1indol-10-yl]acetate
• Step 4 r(7 ⁇ )-7-ir(4-fluorophenyl)acetyll(methyl)amino ⁇ -6.7.8.9-tetrahvdropyridori.2- a] indol- 10-yl] acetic acid
• Example 1 (Method A) from 4-(4-fluorophenyl)tetrahydro-2H-pyran-4-carboxylic acid and propyl [(7i?)-7-(methylamino)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[l,2- ⁇ ]indol-10-yl]acetate. MS (+ESI) m/z: 465.
• Example 1 (Method A) from 1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene-l-carboxylic acid and propyl [(7R)- 7-(methylamino)-6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[l,2- ⁇ ]indol-10-yl]acetate. MS (+ESI) m/z: 417.
• Example 1 (Method A) from cyclopentylacetic acid and propyl [(7i?)-7-(methylamino)-6,7,8,9- tetrahydropyrido[l,2- ⁇ ]indol-10-yl]acetate. MS (+ESI) m/z: 369.
• Example 1 (Method A) from 2-(pyridin-2-yl)propanoic acid and propyl [(7J?)-7-(methylamino)- 6,7,8,9-tetrahydropyrido[l,2- ⁇ ]indol-10-yl]acetate. MS (+ESI) m/z: 392.
• Step 1 7-fluoroindole
• This compound was prepared from 2-fluoro-phenylhydrazine according to the
• This compound was prepared from 7-fluoroindole according to the general procedures outlined in Example 1 (step 1 and 2).
• Radioligand binding assay Radioligand binding assays were performed at room temperature in 10 niM HEPES/KOH pH 7.4, ImM EDTA containing 1OmM MnCl 2 and 0.7 nM 5 [ 3 H]PGD 2 (NEN, 171 Ci mmol "1 ), in a final volume of 0.2 ml. Competing ligands were diluted in dimethylsulfoxide (Me 2 SO) that was kept constant at 1% (v/v) of the final incubation volume. The reaction was initiated by the addition of 8-20 ⁇ g of membrane protein prepared from a HEK- hCRTH2 cell line. Total and non-specific binding were determined in the absence and the presence of 10 ⁇ M PGD 2 , respectively. Under these conditions, specific binding (total minus
• Ki (in nM) values for representative compounds of the present invention are as follows: ⁇ 5: Examples 1, 3, 5, 6, 20, 30, 31, 32, 35; >5 and ⁇ 10: Examples, 2, 26, 29; >10 and ⁇ 50: Examples 9, 19, 21, 23, 25, 36; >50 and ⁇ 100: Examples 7, 34. ifcAMP] measurements.
• HEK-hCRTH2 cells were grown to 80-90% confluency.
• the cells were washed with PBS, incubated for 2 min in cell dissociation buffer, harvested by centrifugation at 300g for 5 min at room temperature and resuspended at 1.25elO 6 cells ml "1 in Hanks' balanced salt solution containing 20 mM HEPES pH 7.4 and 0.75 mM IBMX (HBSS/HEPES/IBMX).
• the assay was performed in 384-plate format with 0.01 ml HBSS/HEPES/IBMX per well containing 12 500 cells and 75 nl of the test compound at various
• Eosinophil shape change assay in human whole blood Blood was collected in vacutainers containing EDTA. The antagonist was added to blood and incubated for 10 min at room temperature. DK-PGD 2 (13,14-dihydro-15-keto prostaglandin D 2 ) was then added to blood for 4 min at 37 0 C in a running water bath. Blood cells were then fixed in presence of cold
• cytometry raw data were analyzed with FlowJo software by isolating the eosinophils from the neutrophils based on their high autofluorescence and determining the percent of total eosinophils with increased FSC-H value. Maximum (100%) and minimum (0%) shape change were determined in the presence of lO ⁇ M DK-PGD 2 and PBS, respectively.
• a dose response curve 5 with DK-PGD 2 was performed with every assay to determine the EC 50 for each blood donor. Compounds were tested in 10-dose titration curves in the presence of 3OnM DK-PGD 2 to determine an antagonist IC 50 .
• Some compounds of the present invention are selective for the CRTH2 receptor over the DP receptor. Assays on the DP, as well as other prostanoid, receptors are described in 10 WO2003/06220.

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