WO2010018805A1

WO2010018805A1 - Water-in-oil emulsion production method, water-in-oil emulsion production apparatus, and water-in-oil emulsion fuel production apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2010018805A1
Application number: PCT/JP2009/064105
Authority: WO
Inventors: 幸彦唐澤
Original assignee: 株式会社カラサワファイン
Priority date: 2008-08-15
Filing date: 2009-08-10
Publication date: 2010-02-18
Also published as: JP2010043212A

Abstract

Production of a water-in-oil emulsion that is stable over a long period, while the amount of surfactant added is kept to a minimum, will be possible. An apparatus is configured with an oil passageway (1), an oil supply means (P1) that supplies oil to the oil passageway maintaining a constant flow rate and that also generates a turbulent flow zone in the oil passageway (1), a water supply passageway (4) that merges into the turbulent flow zone (1a) in the oil passageway (1), a water supply means (P2) that supplies water at a constant flow rate to the water supply passageway (4), a surfactant supply passageway (7) that merges into the water supply passageway (4), a surfactant supply means (P3) that supplies surfactant at a constant flow rate to the surfactant supply passageway (7), an oil and water dispersing zone (A) created at the point where the turbulent flow zone (1a) in the oil passageway (1) and the water supply passageway (4) merge, and an impact effect zone (C) provided on the downstream side from the oil and water dispersing zone (A). A fluid subjected to impact in the impact effect zone (C) is discharged as an emulsion.

Description

Method for producing water-in-oil emulsion, apparatus for producing water-in-oil emulsion, and apparatus for producing water-in-oil emulsion fuel

The present invention relates to a method for producing a water-in-oil emulsion, a production apparatus therefor, and a water-in-oil emulsion fuel production apparatus.

Conventionally, as a device for producing a water-in-oil emulsion in which water droplets are dispersed in fuel oil, for example, a stirring device or an ultrasonic dispersing device is known.
The agitator stirs water and oil kept in a predetermined ratio in a container provided with a stirring blade. In the case of using a stirring blade, not so much shearing force can be expected, but the particle size of water is still considerably small in the vicinity of the stirring blade. However, large water droplets remain at locations away from the stirring blades. When such large water droplets remain, coalescence of the water droplets starts around the water droplets having a large particle diameter. Water droplets that have become smaller due to the stirring blades also approach large water droplets and coalesce, eventually resulting in an insufficiently dispersed state as a whole.

In addition, the ultrasonic disperser puts water and oil in a predetermined ratio in a container to which ultrasonic waves are applied, and applies shear energy to the mixed liquid in the container using ultrasonic energy.
When ultrasonic energy is used in this way, a certain amount of emulsion can be produced, but to that end, a certain amount of energy must be continuously applied for a long time.
Further, in both cases of the agitator and the ultrasonic disperser, the mixed solution is put into a container for processing, and so-called batch processing has to be performed.
JP 2008-013633 A JP 2008-156438 A

Various attempts have been made to produce water-in-oil emulsion fuels, which are a mixture of oil and water, when the oil is soaring as at present, but the agitator must be batch processed and continuously. As a result, the productivity is inferior.
In addition, with this stirring device, sufficient shearing force cannot be obtained and water droplets can be atomized, so that a large amount of surfactant is required to obtain a stable emulsion. However, surfactants suitable for stabilizing water-in-oil emulsions are more expensive than oil and water, and there is a problem that the production cost of the emulsion increases by increasing the amount of addition. appear.
Furthermore, when a surfactant is added in a large amount, the surfactant may adversely affect the combustion performance of the emulsion fuel.

The ultrasonic disperser also has a problem that it is inferior in productivity as described above because it originally has to be subjected to batch processing. In addition, in order to obtain a large shearing force with an ultrasonic disperser, it is necessary to increase the energy consumption. Even if emulsion fuel is obtained, it is economically meaningless in total. There is a possibility of becoming.
In any case, it was very difficult to stabilize the water-in-oil emulsion with the above-described conventional apparatus. However, although it is known that water-in-oil emulsion fuel functions sufficiently as a fuel, since it cannot be stored, it has been practically unbearable.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a water-in-oil emulsion fuel production apparatus that can produce a stable water-in-oil emulsion over a long period of time while minimizing the amount of surfactant additive. It is.

In the method for producing a water-in-oil emulsion according to the first aspect of the present invention, an oil passage to be supplied is formed, oil is ejected while maintaining a constant flow rate in the oil passage, and a turbulent oil flow region is formed in the oil passage. A water supply passage that merges with the oil passage is provided, water is supplied to the water supply passage at a constant flow rate, and a surfactant supply passage that joins the water supply passage is provided. A surfactant at a constant flow rate is supplied to the activator supply passage, water and the surfactant are mixed, and this mixed solution is merged with the turbulent flow area in the oil passage. The mixed water is dispersed in the oil, and then the impact is applied to the dispersion to be discharged from the passage, and the flow ratio of the oil, water, and the surfactant is set to a desired water-in-oil type. Characterized by maintaining the ratio of each component in the emulsion .

An apparatus for producing a water-in-oil emulsion according to a second aspect of the present invention includes an oil passage, oil supply means for supplying oil while maintaining a constant flow rate in the oil passage, and generating a turbulent flow area in the oil passage, and the oil passage. A water supply passage that joins the turbulent flow region, a water supply means that supplies water at a constant flow rate to the water supply passage, a surfactant supply passage that joins the water supply passage, and a surfactant supply. Surfactant supply means for supplying a constant amount of surfactant to the passage, an oil-water dispersion portion generated at the junction of the turbulent flow area of the oil passage and the water supply passage, and downstream of the oil-water dispersion portion It has a feature in that it is configured to discharge the fluid that has received an impact at the impact acting portion as an emulsion.

A manufacturing apparatus according to a third aspect of the present invention is provided with a ball storage portion downstream from the oil-water dispersion portion, and stores a ball in the ball storage portion and forms a gap through which a fluid passes between the ball storage portion and the ball. In addition, the present invention is characterized in that the ball accommodating portion and the impact acting portion including the ball are configured.
However, the gap needs to be managed to a size that allows the ball to rotate when the fluid collides with the ball and that the rotation center of the ball does not deviate greatly. This is because, when the center of the ball is greatly deviated, the impact force to the fluid becomes small. Accordingly, the gap in the present invention refers to a gap that does not cause a large shift of the center of the ball.

A fourth invention is based on the second invention, and includes a pair of emulsion generation mechanism portions each including the surfactant supply passage, the water supply passage, and the oil passage, and the oil in the pair of emulsion generation mechanism portions. This is characterized in that the impact portion is configured by causing the fluids dispersed in the oil and water in each turbulent flow region to collide with each other in the passage and facing the downstream side of the oil and water dispersion portion.

An apparatus for producing a water-in-oil emulsion fuel according to a fifth aspect of the present invention supplies an oil passage, a fuel oil such as light oil, gasoline, kerosene or heavy oil while maintaining a constant flow rate in the oil passage and turbulence in the oil passage. An oil supply means for generating a basin, a water supply passage that joins the turbulent flow area in the oil passage, a water supply means that supplies a constant flow of water to the water supply passage, and a water supply passage that joins the water supply passage Oil water generated at the junction of the surfactant supply passage, the surfactant supply means for supplying a surfactant at a constant flow rate to the surfactant supply passage, and the turbulent flow area of the oil passage and the water supply passage A dispersion part, an impact action part provided downstream from the oil-water dispersion part, and a discharge passage for discharging the fluid impacted by the impact action part as emulsion fuel, and the HLB value of the surfactant 3.0-1 Characterized in that a .0.

In the first to fifth inventions, a large shearing force due to turbulent flow is applied to the oil-water dispersion portion that supplies water into the oil passage while maintaining the target emulsion component ratio. Unevenness in the dispersed state of water droplets to be dispersed can be reduced. By applying an impact force to such a dispersion, a uniform water-in-oil emulsion in a dispersed state can be produced. In particular, since the time from the application of the shearing force due to the turbulent flow to the next application of the impact force can be shortened, the coalescence of the droplets can be eliminated and a uniform dispersed state can be obtained efficiently.
Therefore, the water-in-oil emulsion produced by this method is stable with little unevenness in the dispersed state, and the quality does not change even during long-term storage.

The manufacturing apparatuses of the second to fourth inventions can realize uniform dispersion with a simple structure including an oil passage and a water supply passage that joins a constant flow rate of water to the turbulent passage generated there, Can also be used for mass production of emulsions.
According to the third aspect of the invention, the impact acting portion is constituted by the ball that collides with the fluid, and the gap is provided between the ball and the storage portion, so that the ball is rotated by the fluid that collides. In this way, when the fluid collides, the ball rotates, so that the impact force on the ball is alleviated and the ball surface is hardly worn. In addition, since the ball rotates and the collision surface changes each time, only one part of the ball is not intensively worn, and the life of the impacting portion can be kept long.
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, a large impact force can be easily obtained by causing the oil / water dispersion liquid to collide against each other as compared with a collision wall that is stopped.

Further, according to the fifth invention, a stable water-in-oil emulsion fuel can be produced. In addition, the amount added can also be minimized by selecting a surfactant with an appropriate HLB value. The amount of expensive surfactant added can be reduced to reduce the production cost, and the surfactant does not adversely affect the combustion performance of the emulsion fuel.

An apparatus for producing a water-in-oil emulsion according to the first embodiment is shown in FIGS.
First, the principle of emulsion generation of the emulsion production apparatus according to the first embodiment will be described with reference to the circuit diagram of FIG.
The emulsion manufacturing apparatus includes a first pump P1 that supplies oil such as fuel oil, a second pump P2 that supplies water, and a third pump P3 that supplies a surfactant.

An oil tank T1 is connected to the suction side of the first pump P1, an oil passage 1 is connected to the discharge side, and an orifice 2 is provided in the oil passage 1. The first pump P1 keeps the pressure upstream of the orifice 2 constant. Thus, by keeping the pressure upstream of the orifice 2 constant, the flow rate passing through the orifice 2 is kept constant. I'm trying to droop. Further, the oil after passing through the orifice 2 is ejected at a high speed to generate a turbulent flow region 1 a in the oil passage 1 on the downstream side of the orifice 2.
The first pump P1 and the orifice 2 constitute oil supply means of the present invention.
In order to keep the pressure of the oil passage 1 constant, a pressure control valve may be provided between the first pump P1 and the orifice 2.

On the other hand, a water tank T2 is connected to the suction side of the second pump P2, and a water supply passage 4 is connected to the discharge side. The water supply passage 4 is provided with a check valve 5 and an orifice 6 on the downstream side thereof. The orifice 6 and the second pump P2 constitute water supply means of the present invention, and the second pump P2 keeps the pressure upstream of the orifice 6 constant. Thus, the flow rate passing through the orifice 6 is kept constant.
Then, the downstream side of the orifice 6 is joined to the turbulent flow area 1a of the oil passage 1, and this joining point is used as the oil-water dispersion portion A of the present invention.
Reference numeral 9 denotes an accumulator connected upstream of the check valve 5 for absorbing the pulsation of the second pump P2. The check valve 5 also functions to prevent the high pressure upstream of the orifice 2 in the oil passage 1 from acting on the second pump P2 through the water supply passage 4 due to some cause.

Further, a surfactant tank T3 is connected to the suction side of the third pump P3, and a surfactant supply passage 7 is connected to the discharge side. The surfactant supply passage 7 is provided with a check valve 28 and an orifice 8 on the downstream side thereof. The orifice 8 and the third pump P3 constitute the surfactant supply means of the present invention, and the third pump P3 keeps the pressure upstream of the orifice 8 constant so that the flow rate passing through the orifice 6 is constant. Is kept constant.
Reference numeral 29 denotes an accumulator connected upstream of the check valve 28 for absorbing pulsation of the third pump P3. The check valve 28 also functions to prevent the high pressure upstream of the orifice 2 of the oil passage 1 from acting on the third pump P3 through the surfactant passage 7 due to some cause. .

Further, the downstream side of the orifice 8 in the surfactant supply passage 7 is joined to a junction B between the orifice 6 in the water supply passage 4 and the oil / water dispersion portion A. Accordingly, the surfactant is mixed with water at the junction B, and the mixed solution joins the turbulent flow region 1a of the oil passage 1 at the oil / water dispersion portion A and receives a shearing force due to the turbulent flow. The oil / water dispersion portion A is formed in the turbulent flow area 1a. In the turbulent flow area 1a, the jet flow from the orifice 2 becomes high speed and negative pressure is generated, so that the fluid in the water supply passage 4 can be reliably drawn. However, since the flow rate flowing through the orifice 6 and the orifice 9 is controlled to be constant by the second pump P2 and the third pump P3, the flow rate drawn from the water supply passage 4 in the oil / water dispersion portion A is kept constant. It is.

In the case where the check valves 5 and 28 apply a spring force to the poppet so that the spring force can be adjusted and function as a flow control valve, the check valves 5 and 28 can be used without the orifice 6 or the orifice 8. The flow rate of the water supply passage 4 and the surfactant supply passage 7 can be controlled to be constant.
In addition, when fluid is ejected from the orifice, it is generally known that the impact force of the fluid on the downstream side has a peak value at a position slightly away from the orifice outlet, not just near the orifice outlet. ing. Therefore, also in the first embodiment, the oil-water dispersion portion A is provided at a position corresponding to any of the impact peak positions in the turbulent flow region 1a, so that a larger shearing force is applied to the drawn fluid. I try to let them.

Further, a storage portion 22 for storing the ceramic ball 3 is provided on the downstream side of the oil / water dispersion portion A of the oil passage 1 as an impact acting portion C, and a gap between the storage portion 22 and the ball 3 is discharged. It is connected to the passage 10. The fluid that has collided with the ball 3 is collected in the emulsion collection tank T4 via the discharge passage 10.
Since the recovery tank T4 is at atmospheric pressure, the discharge passage 10 does not need to have pressure resistance, and can be constituted by a resin hose or the like.
Note that the distance from the oil / water dispersion portion A to the impact acting portion C is shortened to shorten the time from when the oil / water dispersion is generated until the ball 3 collides with the impact force. In this way, the water droplets dispersed in the oil passage 1 are not coalesced and are refined by receiving an impact force.

Next, the operation of this apparatus will be described.
A predetermined flow rate is supplied to each of the

supply passages

1, 4, and 7 while keeping the discharge amounts of the first, second, and third pumps P 1, P 2, and P 3 constant. At this time, the supply flow from each of the pumps P1, P2, and P3 keeps the ratio at each component ratio of the target emulsion to be produced by this apparatus.
As described above, when the fluid is supplied to each supply passage, the surfactant is supplied to the water supply passage 4 at the junction B, and a mixed liquid of water and the surfactant is generated. This mixed liquid is supplied from the oil / water dispersion portion A on the downstream side of the water supply passage 4 to the turbulent flow region 1 a of the oil supply passage 1.

The mixed liquid of the water and the surfactant that have joined the oil turbulent flow region 1a in the oil / water dispersion portion A is drawn into the turbulent flow in the turbulent flow region 1a and receives a shearing force. The fluid that has received a large shearing force due to the turbulent flow collides with the ball 3 constituting the impact action portion C as an oil-water dispersion in which water droplets are dispersed in oil and water droplets are atomized.
And the fluid which received the impact force in the said impact action part C atomizes a water droplet more, and is collect | recovered by the emulsion collection | recovery tank T4 through the discharge passage 10 from the clearance gap around the ball | bowl 3. FIG.

The water-in-oil emulsion thus produced and collected in the collection tank T4 was merged while maintaining the component ratio of the target emulsion in the oil-water dispersion part A where the turbulent flow area 1a of the oil and water were merged. Since an extremely large shearing force due to turbulent flow is immediately applied, even in the process of miniaturizing water droplets by this shearing force, oil and water cannot be biased. Furthermore, after receiving the turbulent shear force, the impact force due to the collision is received, so that a more uniform dispersion state can be maintained. Therefore, the particle size distribution of the water droplets in the finally produced water-in-oil emulsion is narrow, and a stable emulsion can be obtained over a long period of time.
In addition, since the apparatus according to the first embodiment can perform continuous processing, it is easy to increase the supply amount and increase the production amount.

Below, the specific structure of the said emulsion manufacturing apparatus is demonstrated using FIG.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the emulsion generation mechanism E shown by the alternate long and short dash line in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. And the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the location equivalent to the circuit diagram of FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the emulsion generation mechanism E includes an oil passage 1 having a turbulent region 1 a in a body 13 constituted by a first block 11 and a second block 12, and the turbulent region 1 a. A water supply passage 4 connected to the oil-water dispersion portion A and a surfactant supply passage 7 connected to the water supply passage 4 via a junction B are formed. The first block 11 and the second block 12 are coupled by a bolt (not shown).

Further, in the first block 11, plug mounting holes 14 are formed on the opening end sides of the

passages

1, 4, 7, and plugs 15 are screwed into the three plug mounting holes 14. is doing. However, these plugs 15 are respectively formed with

passages

1, 4 and 7 which are continuous with the

passages

1, 4 and 7 formed in the first block 11, respectively, and the downstream end portion and the first body 11

Nozzles

16, 17, 18 and a spacer 19 are interposed between the two.
A joint 20 is attached to each of the openings of the plugs 15 attached to the first body 11, and the first, second, and third pumps P1, P2, and P3 are connected to the joints 20, respectively.

The three plugs 15, the spacers 19, and the joints 20 have the same shape, but the

nozzles

16, 17, and 18 are formed with

orifices

2, 6, and 8 having different diameters. Reference numeral 30 in the drawing denotes an O-ring.
The orifice 2 of the nozzle 16 provided in the oil passage 1 can supply the oil passage 1 with oil that maintains the flow rate ratio of the oil phase of the emulsion, and can generate a high-speed turbulent flow area 1 a downstream of the orifice 2. Dimensions. The orifice 6 of the nozzle 17 in the water supply passage 4 has a diameter for maintaining a constant flow rate for the water phase of the emulsion, and the orifice 8 of the nozzle 18 provided in the surfactant supply passage 7 is provided with the surfactant. It has a diameter for maintaining a constant flow rate corresponding to the added amount of.

Further, the second block 12 is formed with an oil passage 1 continuous with the oil passage 1 formed in the first block 11 and a plug hole 14 in a direction perpendicular to the oil passage 1. A plug 21 having a discharge passage 10 penetrating in the axial direction is screwed to the plug hole 14.
A storage portion 22 for storing the ball 3 is formed between the plug 21 and the second body 12. As shown in FIG. 3, the storage portion 22 includes a cylindrical portion 22a and a conical portion 22b formed in the second body 12, and a tapered surface formed at the end of the plug 21, and the cylindrical portion 22a and the conical portion are conical. A gap is formed at the boundary between the portion 22 b and the boundary between the cylindrical portion 22 a and the taper surface of the plug 21. The fluid is discharged to the discharge passage 10 through this gap.
Further, the diameter of the cross-sectional circle of the cylindrical portion 22a is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the ball 3, so that the ball 3 is rotated by the impact force that the fluid ejected from the turbulent flow area 1a collides with.

Thus, since the ball 3 of the impact acting part C is rotated by the impact of the fluid and the collision surface is changed, only the same surface of the ball 3 is not subjected to the fluid impact. Therefore, the specific surface of the ball 3 can continue to receive the impact of the fluid and wear can be reduced. When the ball 3 constituting the impact acting part C is worn, there is a problem that the worn piece is mixed into the emulsion, and the ball 3 needs to be replaced. As in the first embodiment, If the wear of the ball 3 can be reduced, the above-mentioned problems are eliminated.

Since an experiment for producing a water-in-oil emulsion fuel was conducted with the emulsion production apparatus of the first embodiment, the experiment will be described below.
In this experiment, fuel oil such as kerosene was used as the oil, and a surfactant having an HLB value of 6.9 was used.
A water-in-oil emulsion with an oil: water ratio of about 7: 3 and a surfactant addition amount of about 1% was produced.

The dimensions of the

orifices

2, 6, 8 provided in the

passages

1, 4, 7 are as follows.
The orifice 2 provided in the oil passage 1 has a diameter of 0.7 [mm] and a length of 1.5 [mm], and the orifice 6 provided in the water supply passage 4 has a diameter of 0.46 [mm] and is long. The thickness was 0.9 [mm]. The orifice 8 provided in the surfactant supply passage 7 has a diameter of 0.22 [mm] and a length of 0.5 [mm].

Then, the pressure of 6.5 [MPa] is maintained by the first pump P1, the fuel oil having a flow rate of 140 [l / h] is supplied to the orifice 2 provided in the oil passage 1, and the ejection from the orifice 2 is performed. The turbulent flow area 1a was generated at a flow velocity of about 112 [m / s].
On the other hand, the pressure of 0.2 [MPa] is maintained by the second pump P2, and water with a flow rate of 60 [l / h] is supplied to the orifice 6 provided in the water supply passage 4, and the water supply passage 4 The flow rate was about 20 [m / s].

Further, the pressure of 0.2 [MPa] is maintained by the third pump P3, and a flow rate of about 2 [l / h] is supplied to the orifice 8 provided in the surfactant supply passage 7 to thereby provide the surfactant. The flow velocity in the supply passage 7 was set to about 20 [m / s], and the water supply passage 4 was joined at the junction B.
Furthermore, the distance between the oil / water dispersion portion A in the first body 11 and the impact acting portion C in the second body in FIG. 2 is set to about 2.5 [cm]. On the other hand, the flow velocity in the turbulent flow area 1a is about 112 [m / s] as described above. Accordingly, the time required for the fluid to reach the impact acting portion C from the oil / water dispersion portion A is a short time of about 2 × 10 ⁻⁴ [s]. That is, it is almost instantaneous from when the water droplets are dispersed in the oil / water dispersion portion A until the impact acting portion C receives the impact force.

At the junction B, the surfactant is drawn into and integrated with the water flow in the water supply passage 4, and the mixed fluid joins at the oil / water dispersion portion A in the turbulent region 1 a of the water passage 1.
In this oil / water dispersion section A, the fuel oil, water and the sea surface active agent are combined at a ratio of 70: 30: 1. The water droplets are atomized while maintaining the water droplets, and the water droplets are evenly dispersed. Further, the water-in-oil emulsion fuel discharged upon impact at the impact acting part C further progresses to uniform atomization of the water droplets. However, as described above, after the water drops are dispersed at the oil / water dispersion part A, the impact is reduced. Since the time to reach the action part C is about 2 × 10 ⁻⁴ [s], there is no coalescence of water droplets during that time, and a stable water-in-oil emulsion fuel can be produced almost instantaneously.
It was confirmed that the emulsion fuel produced in this way maintained its state over a long period of time and did not phase separate even after half a year of production.

In addition, the emulsion fuel produced by the above production apparatus not only can reduce the generation of soot by finely pulverizing the internal water particles during the combustion and atomizing the fuel oil to perform good combustion. It has been experimentally confirmed that the combustion temperature is not inferior to that of fuel oil alone.
Furthermore, under the above production conditions, an emulsion fuel of about 200 [l] per hour can be stably produced, so that it can be used for mass production of emulsion fuel.

Although a surfactant having an HLB value of 6.9 was used as the surfactant, a surfactant having an HLB value of 3.0 to 10.0 can be used as the surfactant for the water-in-oil emulsion. It has been experimentally confirmed that the optimal surfactant type and amount added differ somewhat depending on the type of oil. However, it has been confirmed that when an oil having an HLB value of around 6.9 is used, a stable emulsion can be obtained using any of different types of fuel oil such as kerosene, light oil, and heavy oil as the oil phase.
In the emulsion manufacturing apparatus of the first embodiment, a large dispersion force due to the turbulent flow in the oil / water dispersion portion A and a shear force due to the impact force in the impact action portion C are applied to the fluid to provide a stable dispersion state. Since it can be produced, the amount of surfactant added can be minimized.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of the emulsion production apparatus according to the second embodiment.
In the second embodiment, a pair of emulsion generation mechanism portions E ′ corresponding to the emulsion generation mechanism portion E of the first embodiment is provided, and the turbulent flow areas 1a of these emulsion generation mechanism portions E ′ and E ′ are arranged to face each other. This is a feature.
The same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment are used in FIG. 4 for passages and orifices having similar functions even if the arrangement and dimensions are different from those in the first embodiment.

That is, the apparatus according to the second embodiment has a line-symmetric configuration around the center line l of the body 23 shown by a one-dot chain line in FIG. 4, and the emulsion generation mechanisms E ′ and E above and below the center line l, respectively. 'I have established.
In order to constitute one emulsion generation mechanism E ′, the body 23 has three plug mounting holes 14, an oil passage 1 having a turbulent flow region 1 a continuous in the axial direction of each plug mounting hole 14, and a water supply passage 4. The surfactant supply passage 7 is formed. As in the first embodiment, the surfactant supply passage 7 is joined to the water supply passage 4 at the junction B, and the water supply passage 4 is provided to the turbulent flow area 1a in the oil / water dispersion portion A. I try to merge.

The plug mounting hole 14 directly connected to the oil passage 1 is attached with a plug 24 having the oil passage 1 formed at the center, and a nozzle 16 having an orifice 2 formed between the plug 24 and the body 23. A spacer 19 is interposed. The plug 24 is connected to a pump for supplying oil via the joint 20 so that the flow rate through the orifice 2 is controlled to a predetermined value by the pump so as to generate turbulent flow in the turbulent flow area 1a. To do.

A plug 25 having a water supply passage 4 formed in the center is attached to the plug mounting hole 14 connected to the water supply passage 4, and a nozzle having an orifice 6 formed between the plug 25 and the body 23. 17 and a spacer 19 are interposed. The plug 25 is connected to a pump for supplying water via the joint 20 so that the flow rate through the orifice 6 is maintained at a predetermined value so that the water supply passage 4 becomes the oil / water dispersion portion A. To join the turbulent flow area 1a.

Further, a plug 26 having a surfactant supply passage 7 formed in the center is attached to the plug attachment hole 14 connected to the surfactant supply passage 7, and an orifice is provided between the plug 26 and the body 23. 8 and the spacer 19 are interposed. Then, a pump for supplying a surfactant is connected to the plug 26 via the joint 20, and the flow rate of the orifice 8 is maintained at a predetermined value to join at the junction B of the water supply passage 4. Let

Then, the emulsion generation mechanism E ′ is arranged symmetrically with respect to the center line l, the

turbulent flow areas

1a and 1a of the both emulsion generation mechanisms E ′ and E ′ are opposed to each other, and the fluids collide oppositely. Let This collision part becomes the impact action part C of this invention.
Further, the body 23 is connected to the impact acting portion C, and the discharge passage 10 is formed in a direction orthogonal to the oil passage 1, and a mounting hole 31 continuous with the discharge passage is formed, and the joint attached thereto 27, the emulsion is discharged to the recovery tank T4. In addition, since the total flow rate from both emulsion production | generation mechanism parts E 'and E' is discharged | emitted by the discharge passage 10, the flow-path cross-sectional area of the discharge passage 10 is enlarged so that it can discharge quickly. Further, since the recovery tank T4 side is atmospheric pressure, the discharge passage 10 on the downstream side of the joint 27 may be a resin hose or the like.

In the emulsion production apparatus of the second embodiment, an oil-water dispersion in which uniform water droplets are dispersed in oil is generated in the oil-water dispersion section A of the present invention in each emulsion generation mechanism section E ′. By applying an impact force, water droplets are uniformly dispersed, and a stable water-in-oil emulsion can be produced. As described above, a stable emulsion can be produced when the surfactant, water, and oil are combined, by controlling the flow rate ratio to the component ratio of the target emulsion, as described above. When the water is joined to the oil while reducing the component bias, the water is drawn by the negative pressure due to the jet flow from the orifice 2, and immediately, sufficient shear force due to the turbulent flow is applied to atomize the water droplets. This is because a further impact force is applied.

In particular, in the second embodiment, since the fluid collides oppositely at the impact acting portion C, the collision speed is twice the flow velocity, and the impact force received by the fluid is increased compared to the case where the fluid collides with a stationary object. Can do. Therefore, the shearing force acting on the fluid is increased, and water droplets can be further miniaturized.
Also in the apparatus of the second embodiment, an experiment for producing an emulsion fuel was performed under the same conditions as in the first embodiment. As a result, a uniform dispersion state can be maintained for a long time, and the performance as a fuel is also satisfactory. An emulsion fuel that can be obtained was obtained.

It is a circuit diagram of a 1st embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the emulsion production | generation mechanism part of 1st Embodiment. It is the III-III sectional view taken on the line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the structure of the emulsion production | generation mechanism part of 2nd Embodiment.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Oil path 1a Turbulent flow area 2 Orifice 3 Ball 4 Water supply path 6 Orifice 7 Surfactant supply path 8 Orifice 10

Discharge path

16, 17, 18 Nozzle 22 Storage part A Oil-water dispersion part C Impact part E, E 'Emulsion generation mechanism Part P1 First pump P2 Second pump P3 Third pump

Claims

A method for producing a water-in-oil emulsion, comprising an oil passage for supplying oil constituting the oil phase of the emulsion, wherein oil is ejected while maintaining a constant flow rate in the oil passage. A water supply passage that joins the oil passage is provided while generating a turbulent flow region of oil in the inside, and the water supply passage is maintained at a constant flow rate to supply water, and the surfactant that joins the water supply passage A supply passage is provided, a surfactant having a constant flow rate is supplied to the surfactant supply passage, water and the surfactant are mixed, and the mixed solution is joined to the turbulent region in the oil passage. Water in which the surfactant is mixed by turbulent flow is dispersed in the oil, and then the impact is applied to the dispersion to be discharged from the passage, and the flow ratio of the oil, water, and surfactant is increased. Each in the desired water-in-oil emulsion Oil manufacturing method of water-emulsion to keep the amount ratio.
An oil passage, an oil supply means for supplying oil at a constant flow rate to the oil passage and generating a turbulent flow region in the oil passage, a water supply passage which is the oil passage and joins the turbulent flow region, A water supply means for supplying a constant flow of water to the water supply passage, a surfactant supply passage that merges with the water supply passage, and a surfactant supply for supplying a constant flow of surfactant to the surfactant supply passage Means, and an oil / water dispersion part generated at a confluence of the turbulent flow area of the oil passage and the water supply passage, and an impact action part provided downstream of the oil / water dispersion part. For producing a water-in-oil emulsion, wherein the received fluid is discharged as an emulsion.
A ball storage portion is provided downstream from the oil-water dispersion portion, and the ball is stored in the ball storage portion, and a gap is formed between the ball storage portion and the ball to allow fluid to pass between the ball storage portion and the ball. The apparatus for producing a water-in-oil emulsion according to claim 2, wherein the impact acting part is constituted.
Each of the surfactant generation passage, the water supply passage, and the oil passage includes a pair of emulsion generation mechanism sections, and the oil passages of the pair of emulsion generation mechanism sections are opposed to the downstream side of the oil-water dispersion section. The apparatus for producing a water-in-oil emulsion according to claim 2, wherein the impact portion is configured by causing fluids dispersed in oil and water in each turbulent region to collide with each other.
An oil passage, an oil supply means for maintaining a constant flow rate in the oil passage, supplying fuel oil such as light oil, gasoline, kerosene or heavy oil, and generating a turbulent flow area in the oil passage, and the oil passage, A water supply passage that joins the turbulent flow region, a water supply means that supplies a constant flow of water to the water supply passage, a surfactant supply passage that joins the water supply passage, and a constant flow rate to the surfactant supply passage Surfactant supplying means for supplying the surfactant, an oil-water dispersion portion generated at the junction of the turbulent flow area of the oil passage and the water supply passage, and an impact action provided downstream of the oil-water dispersion portion And a discharge passage for discharging the fluid impacted by the impact acting portion as an emulsion fuel, and a water-in-oil emulsion fuel having an HLB value of 3.0 to 10.0 for the surfactant. Manufacturing equipment.