WO2010007465A1 - Guide assembly and wind turbine incorporating same - Google Patents

Guide assembly and wind turbine incorporating same Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2010007465A1
WO2010007465A1 PCT/IB2008/003520 IB2008003520W WO2010007465A1 WO 2010007465 A1 WO2010007465 A1 WO 2010007465A1 IB 2008003520 W IB2008003520 W IB 2008003520W WO 2010007465 A1 WO2010007465 A1 WO 2010007465A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
guide assembly
guide
machine
projecting
distance
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2008/003520
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Y. S. Gordon Wu
J. Thomas Wu
Carol Ann Wu
Original Assignee
Hopewell Wind Power Limited
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hopewell Wind Power Limited filed Critical Hopewell Wind Power Limited
Publication of WO2010007465A1 publication Critical patent/WO2010007465A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03D—WIND MOTORS
    • F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor 
    • F03D3/06—Rotors
    • F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
    • F03D3/064—Fixing wind engaging parts to rest of rotor
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/18—Structural association of electric generators with mechanical driving motors, e.g. with turbines
    • H02K7/1807—Rotary generators
    • H02K7/1823—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines
    • H02K7/183—Rotary generators structurally associated with turbines or similar engines wherein the turbine is a wind turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/706—Application in combination with an electrical generator
    • F05B2220/7066—Application in combination with an electrical generator via a direct connection, i.e. a gearless transmission
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70—Wind energy
    • Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a guide assembly, and to a wind turbine incorporating the guide assembly.
  • a prime mover is used to turn an electrical generator.
  • the prime mover is typically coupled to the generator by a transmission system or gearbox.
  • a transmission system or gearbox There are several disadvantages in this arrangement including the additional size and cost of the transmission system or gearbox, and the mechanical losses associated with the transmission system or gearbox.
  • the generation equipment can be incorporated into or attached directly to the prime mover.
  • a guide assembly for maintaining a distance between a projecting part projecting from a first part of a machine and a second part of the machine, one of the first or second parts being a stationary part of the machine and the other one of the first or second parts being a moving part of the machine, the guide assembly comprising: a flexible coupling between the projecting part and the first part, a bearing located with the projecting part, and a guide located with the second part of the machine, the bearing and the guide cooperating to maintain the distance between the projecting part and the second part of the machine.
  • the second part includes a cavity into which the projecting part extends, the bearing and the guide cooperating to maintain the distance between the projecting part and walls of the cavity as the moving part of the machine moves.
  • the bearing and the guide cooperate to maintain the projecting part centrally between the walls of the cavity.
  • the distance is a vertical distance.
  • the distance is maintained between limits.
  • the moving part is rotating relative to the stationary part.
  • the guide is a pair of opposed guide tracks.
  • the bearing is a roller.
  • the projecting part is a conductive coil and the second part includes a magnetic field source.
  • the conductive coil is a winding.
  • a magnetic field source is associated with the cavity.
  • the guide assembly is part of an electricity generator
  • the electricity generator is part of a wind turbine.
  • the stationary part is the turbine core and the moving part is the turbine rotor.
  • the projecting part extends radially from the core and the rotor rotates about the core such that the projecting part is moved past the magnetic field source.
  • Figure 1 is a perspective illustration of a vertical axis wind turbine
  • Figure 2 is a plan section illustration through the turbine showing electricity generation assemblies
  • FIG. 3 is an enlarged illustration of a portion of Figure 2
  • Figure 4 is an A-A elevation section view through one of the electricity generation assemblies
  • Figure 5 is an elevation section view through a generation assembly showing a first type of guide roller 14
  • Figure 6 is a section view through the guide roller of Figure 5
  • Figure 7 is an elevation section view through a generation assembly showing a second type of guide roller 14,
  • Figure 8 is a section view through the guide roller of Figure 7,
  • Figure 9 is an elevation section view through a generation assembly showing a third type of guide roller 14, and
  • Figure 10 is a section view through the guide roller of Figure 9.
  • a guide assembly according to the invention will now be described as practiced in a direct drive generator of a large wind turbine.
  • the guide assembly keeps a stator winding in the vertical centre of a vertically disposed pair of magnetic poles on a moving rotor regardless of relative movements between the core and rotor of the turbine in either the horizontal or vertical planes due to thermal expansion and contraction as well as any global lateral movements of the rotor when in motion.
  • a guide assembly of the invention can be used in any machine having two moving parts and where it is desired to maintain a distance relationship between the parts or one or more appendages therefore.
  • FIG. 1 there is depicted a perspective illustration of a multi-stage wind turbine according to the invention.
  • the turbine has a diameter of 300 metres and a height of up to 500 metres.
  • the wind turbine comprises a vertical supporting concrete inner core 1 and three independently rotating wind driven rotors stacked one above the other about the core 1.
  • Each rotor comprises a rotor carousel 2 having an annular frame ratateably supported about the core 1 and three radially extending blade arms.
  • a lift-type aerofoil type blade 3 is located at the distal end of each of the radial arms.
  • a first plurality of linear stator parts 4 are located on the core 1 and a second plurality of magnetic field generators 5 are located on the rotor carousel 2 for generating electricity as the rotor 2 rotates about the core 1.
  • the linear stator parts 4 extend radially from the core wall 1 and are attached to the core wall by a hinge 6 so that when the stator part 4 pivots the floating distal end 7 of stator can move up and down in vertical directions 'B'.
  • a conductive coil or winding 16 is located at the floating distal end 7 of the stator part 4.
  • the magnetic field generators 5 comprises pairs of vertically opposed permanent magnets 8, 9 mounted on the rotor carousel 2.
  • Each pair of vertically opposed permanent magnets 8, 9 is a pair of magnetic field poles that produce a magnetic field in the space between then.
  • the space between the magnets 8, 9 is located with the rotor 2 so that during rotation of the rotor 2 the floating end of the stator 7 passes horizontally through the space.
  • the windings 16 on the stator part 4 cut the magnetic field inducing a current in the winding 16.
  • a flexible coupling such as flexible winding tails 10 and plug 1 1 connects the winding to electrical conductors or bus bars in the core 1.
  • the windings 16 on the plurality of stators 4 may be connected in series or parallel as required by the design.
  • the permanent magnets 8, 9 are associated with a correspond pair of vertically opposed annular guide tracks 12, 13 that extend about the full circumference of the rotor carousel 2.
  • the stator part 4 is located in the space between the guide tracks 12, 13.
  • the roller 14 engage with the guide tracks 12, 13 as the rotor carousel 2 moves.
  • the guides 12, 13 cause the stator part 4 to follow any vertical movement of the rotor due to mechanical tolerances in the structure. This maintains the distance between the stator winding 16 and permanent magnets 8, 9 during rotation of the rotor 2.
  • Figures 5-10 illustrate three different embodiments of the guide roller 14.
  • a ring-type annular roller bearing 21 surrounds the stator arm 4. The bearing outer surface engages with either the upper or lower guide tracks 12, 13 to maintain the rotor arm 4 and winding 16 substantially in the center of the space between the two permanent magnets 8 and 9.
  • the guide roller 14 comprises a roller frame 22 attached to the stator arm 4 and having upper and lower wheels 23, 24 which respectively engage the upper and lower guide tracks 12, 13.
  • Figures 9 and 10 illustrate an embodiment whereby the guide roller 14 comprises roller balls.
  • a ball frame 25 is positioned about the stator arm 4 and has upper and lower roller ball cups 28, 29.
  • a roller ball 26, 27 is located in each of the upper and lower cups 28, 29 and engages respectively with the upper and lower guide tracks 12, 13.
  • the advantage of the roller ball embodiment of Figures 9 and 10 is that the guide assembly can tolerate with both substantial horizontal and vertical movement between the core wall 1 and the rotor carousel 2 to maintain the relative vertical position of the windings 16 between the permanent magnets 8 and 9.
  • stator part be hinged to the core wall.
  • stator part could be fixed and the guide tracks and permanent magnets allowed to move vertically on the rotor to maintain the air- gap distance.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Connection Of Motors, Electrical Generators, Mechanical Devices, And The Like (AREA)

Abstract

A guide assembly for maintaining a distance between a projecting part (4) projecting from a first part (1) of a machine and a second part (2) of the machine, one of the first or second parts being a stationary part of the machine and the other one being a moving part of the machine. The guide assembly has a flexible coupling (6) between the projecting part (4) and the first part (1), a bearing (14) located with the projecting part (4), and a guide (12, 13) located with the second part (2) of the machine. The bearing (14) and the guide (12, 13) cooperate to maintain the distance between the projecting part (4) and the second part (2) of the machine.

Description

Guide assembly and wind turbine incorporating same
Background to the invention
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to a guide assembly, and to a wind turbine incorporating the guide assembly.
2. Background Information In traditional electricity generation systems a prime mover is used to turn an electrical generator. The prime mover is typically coupled to the generator by a transmission system or gearbox. There are several disadvantages in this arrangement including the additional size and cost of the transmission system or gearbox, and the mechanical losses associated with the transmission system or gearbox. To overcome these problems the generation equipment can be incorporated into or attached directly to the prime mover.
To meet the increasing demands for electricity, especially in developing countries, cost effective large scale environmentally friendly electricity generation options. Such as wind, water and wave generators are needed. Cost, maintenance and efficiency make it desirable to incorporate generation equipment directly into the turbines for harnessing wind, water and wave energy. However, the often large mechanical tolerance between moving and stationary parts of such equipment makes it difficult to maintain a relatively constant small air-gap between windings and magnetic poles which is needed for efficient electricity generation. The air-gap will change with lateral movement between the moving and stationary parts, and if the air-gap is not sufficiently large there is a risk of the windings and magnetic poles contacting and causing damage to the generation equipment.
Summary of the Invention
It is one object of the present invention to provide a guide assembly that maintains a distance between to parts of a machine where one of the parts is moving, or to at least provide the art with a useful alternative. According to the invention there is provided a guide assembly for maintaining a distance between a projecting part projecting from a first part of a machine and a second part of the machine, one of the first or second parts being a stationary part of the machine and the other one of the first or second parts being a moving part of the machine, the guide assembly comprising: a flexible coupling between the projecting part and the first part, a bearing located with the projecting part, and a guide located with the second part of the machine, the bearing and the guide cooperating to maintain the distance between the projecting part and the second part of the machine.
Preferably, the second part includes a cavity into which the projecting part extends, the bearing and the guide cooperating to maintain the distance between the projecting part and walls of the cavity as the moving part of the machine moves.
Preferably, the bearing and the guide cooperate to maintain the projecting part centrally between the walls of the cavity.
Preferably, the distance is a vertical distance.
Preferably, the distance is maintained between limits.
Preferably, the moving part is rotating relative to the stationary part.
Preferably, wherein the guide is a pair of opposed guide tracks.
Preferably, the bearing is a roller.
Preferably, the projecting part is a conductive coil and the second part includes a magnetic field source. Preferably, the conductive coil is a winding.
Preferably, a magnetic field source is associated with the cavity.
Preferably, the guide assembly is part of an electricity generator,
Preferably, the electricity generator is part of a wind turbine.
Preferably, the stationary part is the turbine core and the moving part is the turbine rotor.
Preferably, the projecting part extends radially from the core and the rotor rotates about the core such that the projecting part is moved past the magnetic field source.
Further aspects of the invention will become apparent from the following description, which is given by way of example only and is not intended to limit the scope of use or functionality of the invention.
Brief Description of the Drawings
An exemplary form of the present invention will now be described by way of example only and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a perspective illustration of a vertical axis wind turbine,
Figure 2 is a plan section illustration through the turbine showing electricity generation assemblies,
Figure 3 is an enlarged illustration of a portion of Figure 2,
Figure 4 is an A-A elevation section view through one of the electricity generation assemblies, Figure 5 is an elevation section view through a generation assembly showing a first type of guide roller 14,
Figure 6 is a section view through the guide roller of Figure 5,
Figure 7 is an elevation section view through a generation assembly showing a second type of guide roller 14,
Figure 8 is a section view through the guide roller of Figure 7,
Figure 9 is an elevation section view through a generation assembly showing a third type of guide roller 14, and
Figure 10 is a section view through the guide roller of Figure 9.
Description of the Exemplary Embodiments
A guide assembly according to the invention will now be described as practiced in a direct drive generator of a large wind turbine. The guide assembly keeps a stator winding in the vertical centre of a vertically disposed pair of magnetic poles on a moving rotor regardless of relative movements between the core and rotor of the turbine in either the horizontal or vertical planes due to thermal expansion and contraction as well as any global lateral movements of the rotor when in motion. This is, however, not intended to limit the use or functionality of the invention and the skilled addressee will appreciate that a guide assembly of the invention can be used in any machine having two moving parts and where it is desired to maintain a distance relationship between the parts or one or more appendages therefore.
In Figure 1 there is depicted a perspective illustration of a multi-stage wind turbine according to the invention. Although not critical in terms of scale, the turbine has a diameter of 300 metres and a height of up to 500 metres. The wind turbine comprises a vertical supporting concrete inner core 1 and three independently rotating wind driven rotors stacked one above the other about the core 1. Each rotor comprises a rotor carousel 2 having an annular frame ratateably supported about the core 1 and three radially extending blade arms. A lift-type aerofoil type blade 3 is located at the distal end of each of the radial arms.
Referring to Figure 2, a first plurality of linear stator parts 4 are located on the core 1 and a second plurality of magnetic field generators 5 are located on the rotor carousel 2 for generating electricity as the rotor 2 rotates about the core 1. The linear stator parts 4 extend radially from the core wall 1 and are attached to the core wall by a hinge 6 so that when the stator part 4 pivots the floating distal end 7 of stator can move up and down in vertical directions 'B'. A conductive coil or winding 16 is located at the floating distal end 7 of the stator part 4. The magnetic field generators 5 comprises pairs of vertically opposed permanent magnets 8, 9 mounted on the rotor carousel 2. Each pair of vertically opposed permanent magnets 8, 9 is a pair of magnetic field poles that produce a magnetic field in the space between then. The space between the magnets 8, 9 is located with the rotor 2 so that during rotation of the rotor 2 the floating end of the stator 7 passes horizontally through the space. The windings 16 on the stator part 4 cut the magnetic field inducing a current in the winding 16. A flexible coupling such as flexible winding tails 10 and plug 1 1 connects the winding to electrical conductors or bus bars in the core 1. The windings 16 on the plurality of stators 4 may be connected in series or parallel as required by the design.
The permanent magnets 8, 9 are associated with a correspond pair of vertically opposed annular guide tracks 12, 13 that extend about the full circumference of the rotor carousel 2. The stator part 4 is located in the space between the guide tracks 12, 13. There is a guide roller 14 associated with each stator part 4. The roller 14 engage with the guide tracks 12, 13 as the rotor carousel 2 moves. The guides 12, 13 cause the stator part 4 to follow any vertical movement of the rotor due to mechanical tolerances in the structure. This maintains the distance between the stator winding 16 and permanent magnets 8, 9 during rotation of the rotor 2.
Figures 5-10 illustrate three different embodiments of the guide roller 14. In Figures 5 and 6 a ring-type annular roller bearing 21 surrounds the stator arm 4. The bearing outer surface engages with either the upper or lower guide tracks 12, 13 to maintain the rotor arm 4 and winding 16 substantially in the center of the space between the two permanent magnets 8 and 9. In Figures 7 and 8 the guide roller 14 comprises a roller frame 22 attached to the stator arm 4 and having upper and lower wheels 23, 24 which respectively engage the upper and lower guide tracks 12, 13. Figures 9 and 10 illustrate an embodiment whereby the guide roller 14 comprises roller balls. A ball frame 25 is positioned about the stator arm 4 and has upper and lower roller ball cups 28, 29. A roller ball 26, 27 is located in each of the upper and lower cups 28, 29 and engages respectively with the upper and lower guide tracks 12, 13. The advantage of the roller ball embodiment of Figures 9 and 10 is that the guide assembly can tolerate with both substantial horizontal and vertical movement between the core wall 1 and the rotor carousel 2 to maintain the relative vertical position of the windings 16 between the permanent magnets 8 and 9.
It should be appreciated that modifications and alternations obvious to those skilled in the art are not to be considered as beyond the scope of the present invention. For example, it is not critical to the invention that the stator part be hinged to the core wall. The skilled addressee with immediately appreciate that the stator part could be fixed and the guide tracks and permanent magnets allowed to move vertically on the rotor to maintain the air- gap distance.

Claims

Claims
1. A guide assembly for maintaining a distance between a projecting part projecting from a first part of a machine and a second part of the machine, one of the first or second parts being a stationary part of the machine and the other one of the first or second parts being a moving part of the machine, the guide assembly comprising: a flexible coupling between the projecting part and the first part, a bearing located with the projecting part, and a guide located with the second part of the machine, the bearing and the guide cooperating to maintain the distance between the projecting part and the second part of the machine.
2. The guide assembly of claim 1 wherein the second part includes a cavity into which the projecting part extends, the bearing and the guide cooperating to maintain the distance between the projecting part and walls of the cavity as the moving part of the machine moves.
3. The guide assembly of claim 2 wherein the bearing and the guide cooperate to maintain the projecting part centrally between the walls of the cavity.
4. The guide assembly of any preceding claim wherein the distance is a vertical distance.
5. The guide assembly of any preceding claim wherein the distance is maintained between limits.
6. The guide assembly of any preceding claim wherein the moving part is rotating relative to the stationary part.
7. The guide assembly of any preceding claim wherein the guide is a pair of opposed guide tracks.
8. The guide assembly of any preceding claim wherein the bearing is a roller.
9. The guide assembly of any preceding claim wherein the projecting part is a conductive coil and the second part includes a magnetic field source.
10. The guide assembly of claim 9 wherein the conductive coil is a winding.
1 1. The guide assembly of any one of claims 2-10 wherein the magnetic field source is associated with the cavity.
12. The guide assembly of any preceding claim which is part of an electricity generator,
13. The guide assembly of claim 12 wherein the electricity generator is part of a wind turbine.
14. The guide assembly of claim 13 wherein the stationary part is the turbine core and the moving part is the turbine rotor.
15. The guide assembly of claim 14 wherein the projecting part extends radially from the core and the rotor rotates about the core such that the projecting part is moved past the magnetic field source.
16. An guide assembly as herein described with reference to any one of the drawings.
17. A wind turbine as herein described with reference to any one of the drawings.
PCT/IB2008/003520 2008-07-18 2008-12-17 Guide assembly and wind turbine incorporating same WO2010007465A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
HK08108001 2008-07-18
HK08108001.2 2008-07-18
HK08108293 2008-07-25
HK08108293.9 2008-07-25

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2010007465A1 true WO2010007465A1 (en) 2010-01-21

Family

ID=41550045

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/IB2008/003520 WO2010007465A1 (en) 2008-07-18 2008-12-17 Guide assembly and wind turbine incorporating same

Country Status (1)

Country Link
WO (1) WO2010007465A1 (en)

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH09139014A (en) * 1995-11-14 1997-05-27 Origin Electric Co Ltd Bearing, motor using it and recording/reproducing device using the motor
JP2807498B2 (en) * 1989-02-02 1998-10-08 株式会社日立製作所 Vane control device
CN2468303Y (en) * 2001-02-23 2002-01-02 王凤生 Machine for peeling beans
CN2830696Y (en) * 2005-08-16 2006-10-25 徐玉川 Novel wind-driven generator
CN2881141Y (en) * 2006-03-06 2007-03-21 广州中科恒源能源科技有限公司 Magnetic suspension wind-mill generator
CN2903459Y (en) * 2005-05-21 2007-05-23 李荣庆 Vertical shaft dual side working wind power machine

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2807498B2 (en) * 1989-02-02 1998-10-08 株式会社日立製作所 Vane control device
JPH09139014A (en) * 1995-11-14 1997-05-27 Origin Electric Co Ltd Bearing, motor using it and recording/reproducing device using the motor
CN2468303Y (en) * 2001-02-23 2002-01-02 王凤生 Machine for peeling beans
CN2903459Y (en) * 2005-05-21 2007-05-23 李荣庆 Vertical shaft dual side working wind power machine
CN2830696Y (en) * 2005-08-16 2006-10-25 徐玉川 Novel wind-driven generator
CN2881141Y (en) * 2006-03-06 2007-03-21 广州中科恒源能源科技有限公司 Magnetic suspension wind-mill generator

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