WO2010001003A1 - Preforme destinee a former une piece mecanique structurante creuse, piece ainsi obtenue et procede de fabrication de ladite preforme - Google Patents
Preforme destinee a former une piece mecanique structurante creuse, piece ainsi obtenue et procede de fabrication de ladite preforme Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2010001003A1 WO2010001003A1 PCT/FR2009/051033 FR2009051033W WO2010001003A1 WO 2010001003 A1 WO2010001003 A1 WO 2010001003A1 FR 2009051033 W FR2009051033 W FR 2009051033W WO 2010001003 A1 WO2010001003 A1 WO 2010001003A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fibers
- weft
- preform
- central body
- layers
- Prior art date
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/06—Fibrous reinforcements only
- B29C70/10—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres
- B29C70/16—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length
- B29C70/24—Fibrous reinforcements only characterised by the structure of fibrous reinforcements, e.g. hollow fibres using fibres of substantial or continuous length oriented in at least three directions forming a three dimensional structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B11/00—Making preforms
- B29B11/14—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition
- B29B11/16—Making preforms characterised by structure or composition comprising fillers or reinforcement
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D11/00—Double or multi-ply fabrics not otherwise provided for
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D03—WEAVING
- D03D—WOVEN FABRICS; METHODS OF WEAVING; LOOMS
- D03D25/00—Woven fabrics not otherwise provided for
- D03D25/005—Three-dimensional woven fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C70/00—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts
- B29C70/04—Shaping composites, i.e. plastics material comprising reinforcements, fillers or preformed parts, e.g. inserts comprising reinforcements only, e.g. self-reinforcing plastics
- B29C70/28—Shaping operations therefor
- B29C70/40—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied
- B29C70/42—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
- B29C70/46—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs
- B29C70/48—Shaping or impregnating by compression not applied for producing articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles using matched moulds, e.g. for deforming sheet moulding compounds [SMC] or prepregs and impregnating the reinforcements in the closed mould, e.g. resin transfer moulding [RTM], e.g. by vacuum
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2063/00—Use of EP, i.e. epoxy resins or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2079/00—Use of polymers having nitrogen, with or without oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, not provided for in groups B29K2061/00 - B29K2077/00, as moulding material
- B29K2079/08—PI, i.e. polyimides or derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
- B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
- B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
- B29K2105/0809—Fabrics
- B29K2105/0845—Woven fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2277/00—Use of PA, i.e. polyamides, e.g. polyesteramides or derivatives thereof, as reinforcement
- B29K2277/10—Aromatic polyamides [Polyaramides] or derivatives thereof
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2707/00—Use of elements other than metals for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
- B29K2707/04—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2709/00—Use of inorganic materials not provided for in groups B29K2703/00 - B29K2707/00, for preformed parts, e.g. for inserts
- B29K2709/08—Glass
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
- D10B2505/00—Industrial
- D10B2505/02—Reinforcing materials; Prepregs
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/13—Hollow or container type article [e.g., tube, vase, etc.]
- Y10T428/1352—Polymer or resin containing [i.e., natural or synthetic]
- Y10T428/1362—Textile, fabric, cloth, or pile containing [e.g., web, net, woven, knitted, mesh, nonwoven, matted, etc.]
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a preform for forming a hollow structural structural part.
- the present invention also relates to a method of manufacturing such a preform and a hollow structural structural part.
- a hollow structural mechanical part 0 is understood as a part participating in the structure of an aircraft and having a hollow central zone or a recess.
- a hollow central body or a boxed part there may be mentioned a hollow central body or a boxed part.
- the dry fibers are divided into weft fibers and binding fibers (also called chain fibers).
- the train fibers are generally oriented in a defined direction. These weft fibers are, in addition, superimposed in several substantially parallel layers, called
- the binding fibers are, for their part, arranged in a substantially perpendicular direction and coplanar with the direction of the weft fibers.
- the traditional "2D" weave shown in FIG. 1, corresponds to a weave in which each of the fibers of the unit 1 21 passes alternately above and below weft fibers 123 of the same weft layer. 25.
- the weaving pattern corresponding to the periodicity of the interlacing of the bonding fibers 121 around the weft fibers 123 may be of any known type, such as, for example, taffeta, satin or twill type.
- the "2.5D" weave corresponds to a weave in which each bonding fiber 221 binds weft fibers 223 of at least two different weft layers 225, in particular adjacent weft layers 225a. , 225b and 225c.
- a preform is proposed for forming a hollow mechanical part.
- the preform has a body made of dry fibers woven according 2.5D weaving.
- the body of the preform has a constant thickness along the cross section. Therefore, during the winding of the preform on itself to form the hollow mechanical part, the weft layers of the body slide relative to each other so that the junction of the body is formed by two bevelled ends coming from overlap one over the other.
- each side portion has an oblique edge.
- the bonding fibers tend to retain the weft fibers.
- the weft fibers are difficult to slide relative to each other. As a result, there may be misalignments and / or creases of the weft fibers during forming and at the junction zone, which reduces the quality of the latter.
- the length of the beveled surface of such a preform is limited and is insufficient to ensure optimum transmission of mechanical forces from one end to the other of the preform.
- the mechanical strength during certain uses of the hollow mechanical part is not entirely satisfactory.
- An object of the present invention is therefore to provide a preform comprising dry fibers which has a better mechanical strength.
- An object of the present invention is also to provide a preform that is simple to implement.
- the subject of the invention is a preform intended to form a hollow structural mechanical part, said preform comprising:
- a central body forming an average plane and extending substantially along a principal axis contained in the mean plane
- each lateral part extending substantially in the middle plane along a secondary axis substantially perpendicular to the main axis, the central body and each lateral part comprising weft fibers bonded to one another by connecting fibers, said weft fibers extending in plane weft layers substantially parallel to each other, characterized in that the thickness of each lateral part decreases away from the central body along the secondary axis.
- the preform of the present invention has the advantage of having lateral portions which, perpendicular to the median plane, have a substantially trapezoidal or even triangular cross-section, the number of folds and the thickness of the lateral parts of which may vary according to the use of the preform of the invention.
- Medium plane means a plane passing through the central section of the central body.
- the lateral parts are therefore "beveled" flat before any manufacturing process of the structural hollow structural part, including any winding process of one or more preforms of the invention.
- Each side portion has a surface adapted to abut another surface of a side portion so as to cover the latter by defining a wider and more mechanically resonable area than in the art. prior.
- the mechanical forces on either side of the junction are better transmitted from one side to the other, which improves the mechanical strength of the structuring mechanical part.
- the latter has a better mechanical strength for a smaller mass than that of mechanical parts from the prior art.
- the preform of the present invention has the advantage of being simple to implement.
- the preform of the invention comprises one or more of the following optional features considered alone or according to all the possible combinations:
- the bonding fibers bind weft fibers of the central body and of each lateral part belonging to different weft layers, which improves the mechanical strength between the layers and that of the preform of the invention and allows to obtain a manipulable preform that does not loosen
- the bonding fibers bind weft fibers of the same weft layer in each side portion and said bonding fibers bind the weft fibers belonging to different weft layers in the central body, thereby permitting improving the gliding of the relative weft layers during winding, and thus keeping properly aligned circumferential fibers improving the junction between the two side portions by avoiding any creasing of the weft fibers
- weft fibers of the same weft layer said weft fibers belonging to the central body and to each lateral part, which makes it possible to reduce the fall of the fibers and to select the weaving and the fibers most suitable for improving the mechanical property of the preform, in particular in compression in the central zone of the mechanical structuring part by reduction of fiber packing, - the weft fibers of the central body and / or the lateral parts are By means of a greater number of additional fibers which are perpendicularly perpendicular to the median plane, this makes it possible to bind the different weft layers in a flat manner, thus making it possible to improve the alignment of the weft fibers and to improve the handling of the fibers.
- the preform of the invention - at least one additional fiber forms a non-zero implantation angle with the normal of the mean plane, which makes it possible to improve the sliding of the layers s of frame and thus to obtain the winding necessary for the geometry of the structuring mechanical part,
- the diameters of the bonding fibers of at least one lateral portion are of different values, which makes it possible to obtain thinner layers and to optimize the slope of the lateral parts,
- each lateral part corresponds to the diameter of a weft fiber or two weft fibers
- the diameter of a bonding fiber is between one fifth and five times the diameter of a weft fiber
- the value of the slope of each lateral part is between 3 mm in length and 1 mm in thickness and 15 mm in length for 1 mm of thickness, which makes it possible to obtain excellent mechanical continuity and therefore a zone of optimum junction
- the diameter of the weft fibers of the last layer or of the last two layers of the lateral parts are of values less than diameter of the weft fibers of the other weft layers, which makes it possible to obtain a surface layer capable of coming opposite another surface layer in the finer junction zone and thus of optimizing the mechanical strength of the junction zone
- the extremal weft fibers belonging to the outermost weft layers substantially bind all the fibers of the yarn belonging to the end of a lateral part.
- the subject of the invention is a method for manufacturing a preform of the invention, characterized in that it comprises a step (A) in which a central body is formed comprising a mean plane then a step (B) in which two lateral portions are formed in a decreasing thickness from the central body along a secondary axis, each lateral portion being substantially contained in the middle plane, the central body and each lateral portion comprising weft fibers interconnected by connecting fibers, said weft fibers extending in plane weft layers parallel to each other.
- the method of the invention has the advantage of being simple to implement since the preform is obtained by weaving.
- the method of the invention has the advantage of requiring a smaller amount of used fibers than in the prior art which limits the cost of manufacture.
- the method of the invention comprises one or more of the following optional features considered alone or according to all the possible combinations:
- step (A) and step (B) a portion of the bonding fibers is woven so as to bind the weft fibers of different weft layers,
- step (A) bonding fibers are woven so as to bind at least two different layers of the central body and, in step (B), the bonding fibers of each lateral part are woven so as to bond weft fibers of a single weft layer,
- step (A) and step (B) all the binding fibers are substantially woven by bonding the weft fibers of one and the same weft layer
- the method of the invention comprises a further step where the whole of the weft layers of the central body and / or the parts are cost laterally by a plurality of additional fibers substantially perpendicular to the mid-plane
- the method of the invention comprises a step in which the extreme weft fibers belonging to the outermost surface weft layers are bonded to substantially all the connecting fibers belonging to the end of a lateral part.
- the subject of the invention is a hollow structural mechanical part obtained from at least two preforms according to the invention or capable of being obtained by the process according to the invention.
- the hollow body may be a structural box.
- the piece of the invention may be a hollow element whose length is greater than the width.
- the piece of the invention is a connecting rod.
- connecting rods supporting large loads such as landing gear connecting rods, rods stressed in traction or in compression, boogie structures, box structures for the production of a mast. hooking.
- a plurality of additional fibers substantially cross-connect at least one junction of side portions of two preforms.
- FIG. 1 is a cross-section of a weaving pattern according to the 2D pattern
- FIG. 2 is a cross-section of a weaving pattern according to the pattern 2, 5D
- FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of FIG. a preform of the invention
- - Figure 4a is a schematic longitudinal section of an embodiment of the central body of the preform of Figure 3 according to section IVa-IVa,
- FIG. 4b is a schematic longitudinal section of an embodiment of the lateral parts of the preform of FIG. 3 according to section IVb-IVb
- FIGS. 5a and 5b are a variant of the embodiment of the preform of FIGS. 4a and 4b,
- FIGS. 6a and 6b are another variant of the embodiment of the preform of FIGS. 4a and 4b;
- FIG. 6c is a cross section of the central body of a variant of the embodiment of FIGS. 6a and 6b;
- FIGS. 7a to 7b are schematic cross sections of the lateral part of the preform of the invention.
- FIGS. 8a to 8b are schematic cross sections of the lateral part of the preform of the invention.
- FIG. 9 is a schematic cross section of a mechanical part of the invention obtained from two preforms of the invention.
- FIG. 10 is an enlargement of the zone X of FIG. 9.
- the preform 300 of the invention comprises a central body 301 and two lateral parts 303 and 305.
- the preform of the invention 300 thus shown is intended to be wound with another preform of the invention to form a hollow structural mechanical part of the invention. Nevertheless, the preform of the invention 300 can be wound on itself or be linked to more than two preforms of the invention.
- the central body 301 forms an average plane 307 and extends substantially along a main axis 309 contained in the middle plane 307.
- the central body 301 has two end portions 310 which are not intended to be wound.
- the two end portions 310 have a shape adapted to the use of the subsequent hollow part, such as the formation of sidewalls of a connecting rod yoke.
- these extremal portions 310 have a constant or even increasing thickness as one moves away from the central part of the central body 301.
- the thickness of the end portions 310 may be increased as necessary by applying, for example, the method described in the patent application WO 2007/060305.
- the central body 301 may have a nonuniform thickness so as to locally have repa issu rs in order to mechanically strengthen certain areas of said body 301.
- the two lateral portions 303 and 305 extend along the average plane 307 along a secondary axis 311 substantially perpendicular to the main axis 309.
- Each lateral portion 303 and 305 of the preform of the invention has a thickness E decreasing away from the central body 301 along the secondary axis 31 1.
- the cross section of each side portion 303 and 305 is substantially trapezoidal or even triangular shape.
- Each portion 303 and 305 then has a junction surface 312a and 312b.
- the junction zone has a cross section of substantially rectangular shape corresponding to the superposition of two trapezoidal lateral parts. or triangular.
- the central body and each lateral portion comprise weft fibers bonded together by connecting fibers, said weft fibers extending in plane weft layers parallel to each other.
- the weft layers are superimposed on each other. More specifically, according to one embodiment shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b, at least a portion of the connecting fibers 421 bind weft fibers 423 of the central body 401 and of each lateral portion 403, 405, the weft fibers 423 belonging to different weft layers 425.
- the same link fiber 421 typically links a frame layer 425a and also the adjacent frame layers 425b and 425c.
- the preform of the invention 400 has a very good mechanical strength.
- the binding fibers 521 bind weft fibers 523 of the same weft layer 525 in each lateral part and the said connecting fibers 521 bind the weft fibers 523 belonging to different weft layers 525 in the central body 501.
- Such a configuration makes it possible to improve the sliding of the various weft layers 525 during winding and to avoid the possible creases and distortions of the weft fibers 523. of these weft fibers 523 is thus improved which further improves the mechanical strength of the junction area between the two side portions 503 and 505.
- substantially all the binding fibers 621 connect weft fibers 623 of the same weft layer 625, the weft fibers 623 belonging to the central body 601 and to each side part 603, 605.
- This configuration makes it possible to reduce the number of weft fibers 623, thus saving time and saving weft fibers 623.
- the corrugation angles in the thickness of the bonding fibers 621 are reduced which improves the compressive strength of the preform 600 of the invention.
- the orientations of these weft layers 625 can be chosen so as to optimize the orientations of the weft fibers 623 after winding to further improve the resistance to the straining forces.
- the structuring mechanical part The preform of the invention 600 is then formed flat by a stack of weft layers 625, the size and geometry of each weft layer 625 can be adjusted accurately. In the case where the connecting fibers 621 of the central body are bonded only with a weft fiber thickness 623, the longitudinal strength properties of the structuring mechanical part are improved.
- the preform of the invention 400, 500 and 600 advantageously has a central body 401, 501 and 601 with a fairly high rigidity conferring good mechanical strength and sufficient cohesion to prevent any degradation or disorientation of the fibers of the invention. frame 423, 523 and 623 during winding.
- weft fibers 425, 525 and 625 capable of sliding over each other so as to obtain a good alignment of the weft fibers 423, 523 and 623.
- weft fibers 423, 523, and 623 of the side portions 403, 405, 503, 505, 603, and 605 can slide relative to one another in order to allow optimal joining and to maintain the straightness of the weft fibers 423, 523 and 623 to ensure a good mechanical strength of each lateral part and the junction.
- the frame fibers 423, 523 and 623 and the connecting fibers 421, 521 and 621 can be bonded in the region of the central body 401, 501 and 601 and / or side portions 403, 405, 503, 505, 603 and 605 by a plurality of additional fibers substantially perpendicular to the mid-plane 307 to enhance the mechanical strength of the preform of the invention 400, 500 and 600.
- the preform of the invention 400, 500 and 600 is easier to handle.
- the mechanical strength of the central body 401, 501 and 601 is also improved.
- the ligation by the additional fibers can be obtained by any means known to those skilled in the art, including sewing or nailing.
- the central body 601 is sewn by the plurality of additional fibers 620a and 620b to give a cohesion to the preform of the invention 600 (see Figure 6c) .
- a plurality of additional fibers 620a has an implantation angle 622 with the normal to the mean plane 307 substantially zero. Each additional fiber 620a then intersects the preform of the invention according to substantially the normal to the average plane 307. According to a preferred variant, at least one additional fiber 620b forms an implantation angle 622 with the normal to the mean plane 307 which is not zero. More specifically, the implantation angle 622 depends on the winding angle at the point where the additional fiber 620a and 620b emerges from the preform of the invention. The winding angle corresponds to the angle between a reference point and the point of intersection between the additional fiber and one of the two faces of the preform of the invention with the normal.
- Such a configuration makes it possible to improve the sliding of the weft layers 425, 525 and 625 and thus to obtain a winding adapted to the geometry of the structuring mechanical part.
- the winding angle is typically greater than twice the sine of the implantation angle which makes it possible not to hinder the sliding of the weft layers during the winding.
- the preform 400, 500 and 600 may be shaped before performing the sewing operation.
- the weft fibers 723 of a lateral part can be cut at the junction surface 707 so as to form a degressive slope. It is also possible to symmetrically or asymmetrically cut the weft fibers 723 so as to form two degressive slope surfaces 707a and 707b (see FIG. 7b).
- the surface weft fibers 823 belonging to the extreme surface weft layers substantially bind all the connecting fibers 821 belonging to the end of a lateral portion 803 and 805.
- the connecting fibers 821 located at the end of each lateral portion 803 and 805 are protected and the joining surface 807 consists of a continuous layer of weft fibers 823 promoting the continuity of transfer of forces between the two lateral portions. Attached 803, 805. It is also possible that one of the two extreme 823 weft fibers is longer than the other. It is also possible to mix the two embodiments presented above. For this purpose, it is possible that the surface weft fiber of a surface extremal weft layer does not bind all the connecting fibers located at the end of a lateral part but only a few connecting fibers. Thus, the surface weft fiber is cut off after bonding a few binding fibers. The weft fiber below this cut takes the place of the cut-off weft fiber and in turn binds a few connecting fibers at the end of the side portion. This is repeated until reaching the end of the lateral part.
- the weft fiber and the ratio of the preform of the invention are generally related to the size of the structuring mechanical part to be obtained.
- the binding and weft fibers generally consist of 12,000 to 96,000 unit filaments of carbon. It is possible to use fibers comprising from 1000 to 12,000 carbon unit filaments to make the borders and seams of the preform of the invention.
- the diameter of a bonding fiber is between one fifth and five times the diameter of a weft fiber and comprises in particular between 1,000 and 48,000 carbon filaments.
- the distance between two weft fibers 423, 523, 623, 723 and 823 of the same weft layer 425, 525 and 625 is typically between 1 mm and 10 mm, in particular equal to about 5 mm for the case of a preform of the invention having fibers of 12,000 to 96,000 unit carbon filaments.
- the distance between two connecting fibers 421, 521, 621, 721 and 821 of the same weft layer 425, 525 and 625 is between 0.5 and 5 mm, in particular equal to about 2 mm for the case of a preform of the invention comprising fibers 12,000 to 96,000 unit filaments of carbon.
- the weft fiber ratio 423, 523, 623, 723 and 823 in the preform of the invention is generally between 25% and 70%.
- the level of binding fibers 421, 521, 621, 721 and 821 is generally between 30% and 75%.
- the weft fibers 423, 523, 623, 723 and 823 and the bonding fibers 421, 521, 621, 721 and 821 are typically made of Kevlar®, carbon fiber or glass fiber. It is possible to use weft fibers 423, 523, 623, 723 and
- the number of weft layers 425, 525 and 625 is typically between 5 and 100, between 5 and 80, and even between 9 and 24.
- the value of the slope is in particular between 1 mm in length and 1 mm in thickness and 20 mm in length for 1 mm in thickness, preferably between 3 mm in length and 1 mm in length. thickness and 12 mm length for 1 mm thick which allows to obtain an optimal junction after winding.
- the value of the thickness Emax is between 6 mm and 100 mm, or even between 9 mm and 30 mm.
- the minimum thickness Emin preferably corresponds to the diameter of a weft fiber 423, 523, 623, 723 and 823 or two weft fibers.
- the diameter of a weft fiber 423, 523, 623, 723 and 823 is between 0.1 mm and 2 mm, or even between 0.5 mm and 1 mm.
- 621, 721 and 821 of at least one lateral portion are of different values.
- Such a configuration makes it possible to obtain finer weft layers 425, 525 and 625, in particular at the end of the minimum thickness Emin of the side parts.
- the slope profile is advantageously adjustable according to the needs and the use.
- the diameter of the connecting fibers 421, 521, 621, 721 and 821 is between 0.1 mm and 2 mm, or even between 0.5 mm and 1 mm.
- the additional fibers have a maximum diameter of 0.5 mm corresponding, for example, to a fiber having from 1,000 to 12,000 unit filaments of carbon.
- the additional fiber content does not exceed 5% of the weft and binding fiber ratio.
- the implantation pitch of the additional fibers may be at least equal to 1 mm and in particular of the order of 3 to 7 mm.
- the preform according to the invention has the advantage of a weight saving compared to the prior art because less weft fibers and binding are used to form the side portions.
- the junction surface of the two side portions 903a and 903b belonging to for example, two separate preforms of the invention 900a and 900b are able to come into view of each other to form a junction area 907. It can also have a junction between two side portions belonging to the same preform of the invention.
- the junction zone 907 is advantageously wider than in the prior art due to the slope of the side portions 903 and 905 and the maintenance of the alignment of the weft fibers 923 which slide relative to each other in a more positive manner. easy. As a result, a good closure of the preform (s) of the invention is achieved easily and thus a good mechanical strength of the junction zone 907.
- weft fibers 923 are not misaligned which significantly improves the mechanical strength of this junction area 907.
- the preform according to the invention also has the advantage of a weight saving compared to the prior art because less weft fibers and binding are necessary to form the side portions and achieve the desired mechanical strength of the junction.
- the preform of the invention 300, 400, 500, 600, 900a and 900b is obtained by a manufacturing method comprising a step A where a central body 301, 401, 501 is formed.
- 601 and 901 comprising in a mean plane 307 then a step B where two side portions 303, 305, 405, 403, 505, 503, 603, 605, 703, 705, 803, 805, 903a and 903b are formed according to a decreasing thickness from the central body 301, 401, 501, 601 and 901 along a secondary axis 31 1, each lateral portion 303, 305, 405, 403, 505, 503, 603, 605, 703, 705, 803, 805 903a and 903b being substantially contained in the mid-plane 307, the central body 301, 401, 501, 601 and 901 and each side portion 303, 305, 405, 403, 505, 503, 603, 605, 703, 705, 803 , 805, 903a and 903b comprising weft fibers 423, 523, 623, 723, 823 and 923 interconnected by connecting fibers 421, 521, 621, 721 and 821, said weft fibers 423, 523, 623,
- the weave of the preform of the invention 300, 400, 500, 600, 900a and 900b is made by any means known to those skilled in the art, in particular by automatic means assisted by computer.
- a jacquard loom controlled by a numerical control a system for cutting water jet weft layers or by a laser beam controlled by a numerical control, a machine for implanting the additional fibers controlled by a numerical control.
- step A and step B a portion of the bonding fibers 421 is woven so as to bind the weft fibers 423 of different weft layers 425.
- step A bonding fibers 521 are woven so as to bind at least two different layers 525 of the central body 501 and, in step B, the bonding fibers 521 of the each side portion 503, 505 so as to bind the weft fibers 523 of a single weft layer 525.
- step A and step B all the binding fibers 621 are substantially woven by bonding the weft fibers 623 of the same weft layer 625.
- the method of the invention comprises an additional step where all the weft layers 325, 425, 525 and 625 of the central body are cost by a plurality of additional fibers 620a and 620b. substantially perpendicular to the average plane 307.
- the preform 300, 400, 500, 600, 900a and 900b thus obtained then has a very good mechanical strength. In particular, the latter has a better cohesion and becomes easily manipulated, without degradation of the initial relative orientations of the weft fibers and binding.
- At least one additional fiber forms an implantation angle 622 with the normal to the mean plane 307 substantially zero 620a or, preferably, non-zero 620b.
- the implantation angle 622 typically depends on the winding angle, which makes it possible to improve the sliding of the weft layers and thus to obtain the winding necessary for the geometry of the structuring mechanical part.
- the method of the invention comprises a step where the surface weft fibers 823 belonging to the outermost surface layer layers are bonded to substantially all the bonding fibers 821 belonging to the end of a lateral portion. 803 and 805.
- the preform of the invention 300, 400, 500, 600, 900a and 900b can be surrounded on itself. But more interestingly, said preform 900a is joined in this way to another preform 900b, or to two or more other preforms, around a suitable core 910 (see Figures 9 and 10).
- the advantage of joining several preforms of the invention lies in the fact that the preforms thus obtained are smaller in size and therefore more easily manipulated.
- the preform (s) of the invention 900a and 900b thus joined have the shape of a structural mechanical part 910 having a recess or recess.
- junction area 907 it is then possible to consolidate the junction area 907 to bond by a plurality of additional fibers 920 substantially transversely to the junction.
- This connection has the multiple advantage of reinforcing the mechanical strength of the fibrous structure in this zone, of securing the ends of the preforms joined together and thus of keeping these parts together and the relative orientations of the weft fibers of each part. , until the final disposition of molding.
- the finished hollow mechanical part may then be obtained by injecting, for example, a resin by the resin transfer molding (RTM) transfer molding process into the structuring mechanical part having a hollow or unfinalized recess.
- RTM resin transfer molding
- any other type of resin injection known to those skilled in the art may be suitable.
- resins usually used are injection resins for RTM, such as epoxy resins, imide bismaleide resins, or phenolic resins.
- the mechanical part is of finite dimension so that i is inner and outer faces of the hollow body.
- the shape termination can be achieved by any known machining and cutting method in order to achieve, for example, cutting off of the end zones of the hollow zone (s) or axis implantation bores, such as surfacing and drilling of fittings and fastenings of fittings and other assemblies with other structures.
- the resulting hollow structural mechanical part may be for example a connecting rod, in particular a landing gear connecting rod or any other structuring part of an aircraft.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Composite Materials (AREA)
- Woven Fabrics (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
- Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
- Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP09772686A EP2303533A1 (fr) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-02 | Preforme destinee a former une piece mecanique structurante creuse, piece ainsi obtenue et procede de fabrication de ladite preforme |
BRPI0912081A BRPI0912081A2 (pt) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-02 | pré-forma destinada a formar uma parte mecânica estrutural oca, método para produção de uma forma, parte mecânica estrutural oca |
CN2009801218063A CN102056721A (zh) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-02 | 用于形成机械中空结构部件的预型件、所获得的部件和制造所述预型件的方法 |
RU2010152451/05A RU2499666C2 (ru) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-02 | Заготовка для формирования полого конструктивного механического элемента, готовый элемент и способ изготовления указанной заготовки |
CA2727360A CA2727360A1 (fr) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-02 | Preforme destinee a former une piece mecanique structurante creuse, piece ainsi obtenue et procede de fabrication de ladite preforme |
US12/995,306 US20110076431A1 (en) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-02 | Preform intended to form a hollow structural mechanical part, resulting part and method for producing said preform |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0803241A FR2932408B1 (fr) | 2008-06-11 | 2008-06-11 | Preforme destinee a former une piece mecanique structurante creuse |
FR0803241 | 2008-06-11 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2010001003A1 true WO2010001003A1 (fr) | 2010-01-07 |
Family
ID=40210568
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/FR2009/051033 WO2010001003A1 (fr) | 2008-06-11 | 2009-06-02 | Preforme destinee a former une piece mecanique structurante creuse, piece ainsi obtenue et procede de fabrication de ladite preforme |
Country Status (8)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20110076431A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP2303533A1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN102056721A (fr) |
BR (1) | BRPI0912081A2 (fr) |
CA (1) | CA2727360A1 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR2932408B1 (fr) |
RU (1) | RU2499666C2 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2010001003A1 (fr) |
Cited By (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3011253A1 (fr) * | 2013-10-01 | 2015-04-03 | Snecma | Structure fibreuse avec regroupement des flottes |
FR3066715A1 (fr) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-11-30 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Texture fibreuse destinee a la fabrication d'un carter de moteur aeronautique |
FR3109552A1 (fr) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-10-29 | Institut De Recherche Technologique Jules Verne | Procédé de fabrication d’une préforme tridimensionnelle |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN103998663B (zh) * | 2011-12-14 | 2016-11-16 | 斯奈克玛 | 用于加强复合材料部件和包括具有减少厚度的部分的纤维结构 |
FR2988407B1 (fr) * | 2012-03-22 | 2014-10-31 | Aircelle Sa | Procede de fabrication d'une preforme monobloc pour structure composite |
FR3018286B1 (fr) * | 2014-03-10 | 2016-05-27 | Aircelle Sa | Preforme tissee pour realiser un renfort circonferentiel ou torique a section en omega |
FR3032462B1 (fr) * | 2015-02-10 | 2017-03-10 | Aircelle Sa | Procede de fabrication d’une preforme de fibres de renfort tissee comprenant une section evolutive |
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US20020192450A1 (en) * | 2001-06-15 | 2002-12-19 | Schmidt Ronald P. | Three-dimensional weave architecture |
US20030056847A1 (en) * | 2001-09-12 | 2003-03-27 | Schmidt Ronald P. | Woven preform for structural joints |
EP1526285A1 (fr) * | 2003-10-20 | 2005-04-27 | Snecma Moteurs | Aube de turbomachine, notamment aube de soufflante et son procédé de fabrication |
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FR2893683A1 (fr) * | 2005-11-23 | 2007-05-25 | Messier Dowty Sa Sa | Procede de fabrication d'une bielle en materiau composite |
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2008
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-
2009
- 2009-06-02 WO PCT/FR2009/051033 patent/WO2010001003A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2009-06-02 US US12/995,306 patent/US20110076431A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2009-06-02 EP EP09772686A patent/EP2303533A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2009-06-02 CA CA2727360A patent/CA2727360A1/fr not_active Abandoned
- 2009-06-02 RU RU2010152451/05A patent/RU2499666C2/ru not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-06-02 BR BRPI0912081A patent/BRPI0912081A2/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-06-02 CN CN2009801218063A patent/CN102056721A/zh active Pending
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Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3011253A1 (fr) * | 2013-10-01 | 2015-04-03 | Snecma | Structure fibreuse avec regroupement des flottes |
WO2015049449A1 (fr) * | 2013-10-01 | 2015-04-09 | Snecma | Structure fibreuse avec regroupement des flottes |
CN105593417A (zh) * | 2013-10-01 | 2016-05-18 | 斯奈克玛 | 具有分组浮丝的纤维结构 |
US10041196B2 (en) | 2013-10-01 | 2018-08-07 | Snecma | Fibrous structure with grouping of floats |
RU2664216C2 (ru) * | 2013-10-01 | 2018-08-15 | Сафран Эркрафт Энджинз | Волокнистая структура с объединением пропусков |
FR3066715A1 (fr) * | 2017-05-24 | 2018-11-30 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Texture fibreuse destinee a la fabrication d'un carter de moteur aeronautique |
US10960613B2 (en) | 2017-05-24 | 2021-03-30 | Safran Aircraft Engines | Fiber texture for fabricating an aeroengine casing |
FR3109552A1 (fr) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-10-29 | Institut De Recherche Technologique Jules Verne | Procédé de fabrication d’une préforme tridimensionnelle |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP2303533A1 (fr) | 2011-04-06 |
BRPI0912081A2 (pt) | 2015-10-13 |
RU2010152451A (ru) | 2012-07-20 |
CA2727360A1 (fr) | 2010-01-07 |
CN102056721A (zh) | 2011-05-11 |
RU2499666C2 (ru) | 2013-11-27 |
US20110076431A1 (en) | 2011-03-31 |
FR2932408B1 (fr) | 2010-05-28 |
FR2932408A1 (fr) | 2009-12-18 |
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