WO2009143146A1 - Copolymères polyaromatiques conducteurs d'ions - Google Patents

Copolymères polyaromatiques conducteurs d'ions Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009143146A1
WO2009143146A1 PCT/US2009/044507 US2009044507W WO2009143146A1 WO 2009143146 A1 WO2009143146 A1 WO 2009143146A1 US 2009044507 W US2009044507 W US 2009044507W WO 2009143146 A1 WO2009143146 A1 WO 2009143146A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
ion conducting
fuel cell
ion
polyaromatic
membrane
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2009/044507
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English (en)
Inventor
David Olmeijer
Original Assignee
Polyfuel, Inc.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Polyfuel, Inc. filed Critical Polyfuel, Inc.
Publication of WO2009143146A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009143146A1/fr

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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/20—Manufacture of shaped structures of ion-exchange resins
    • C08J5/22—Films, membranes or diaphragms
    • C08J5/2206—Films, membranes or diaphragms based on organic and/or inorganic macromolecular compounds
    • C08J5/2218—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
    • C08J5/2256—Synthetic macromolecular compounds based on macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions other than those involving carbon-to-carbon bonds, e.g. obtained by polycondensation
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
    • H01M8/1025—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having only carbon and oxygen, e.g. polyethers, sulfonated polyetheretherketones [S-PEEK], sulfonated polysaccharides, sulfonated celluloses or sulfonated polyesters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
    • H01M8/1027—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having carbon, oxygen and other atoms, e.g. sulfonated polyethersulfones [S-PES]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1016—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by the electrolyte material
    • H01M8/1018—Polymeric electrolyte materials
    • H01M8/102—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer
    • H01M8/1032—Polymeric electrolyte materials characterised by the chemical structure of the main chain of the ion-conducting polymer having sulfur, e.g. sulfonated-polyethersulfones [S-PES]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/10—Fuel cells in stationary systems, e.g. emergency power source in plant
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/20—Fuel cells in motive systems, e.g. vehicle, ship, plane
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2250/00—Fuel cells for particular applications; Specific features of fuel cell system
    • H01M2250/30—Fuel cells in portable systems, e.g. mobile phone, laptop
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0017—Non-aqueous electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0065—Solid electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0082—Organic polymers
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02B90/10—Applications of fuel cells in buildings
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02T90/40—Application of hydrogen technology to transportation, e.g. using fuel cells

Definitions

  • This invention relates to polyaromatic ion conducting copolymers used to make polymer electrolyte membranes that are useful in fuel cells.
  • Fuel cells are promising power sources for portable electronic devices, electric vehicles, and other applications due mainly to their non-polluting nature.
  • polymer electrolyte membrane based fuel cells such as direct methanol fuel cells (DMFCs) and hydrogen fuel cells have attracted significant interest because of their high power density and energy conversion efficiency.
  • DMFCs direct methanol fuel cells
  • hydrogen fuel cells have attracted significant interest because of their high power density and energy conversion efficiency.
  • the "heart" of a polymer electrolyte membrane based fuel cell is the so called “membrane-electrode assembly” (MEA), which comprises a polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM), catalyst disposed on the opposite surfaces of the PEM to form a catalyst coated membrane (CCM) and a pair of electrodes (i.e., an anode and a cathode) disposed to be in electrical contact with the catalyst layer.
  • MEA membrane-electrode assembly
  • the need for a good membrane for fuel cell operations requires balancing various properties of the membrane. Such properties included proton conductivity, fuel-resistance, chemical stability and fuel crossover, especially for high temperature applications, fast start up of DMFCs, and durability. In addition, it is important for the membrane to retain its dimensional stability over the fuel operational temperature range. If the membrane swells significantly, it will increase fuel crossover, resulting in degradation of cell performance. Dimensional changes of the membrane also put stress on the bonding of the catalyst membrane-electrode assembly (MEA). Often this results in delamination of the membrane from the catalyst and/or electrode after excessive swelling of the membrane. Therefore, it is necessary to maintain the dimensional stability of the membrane over a wide temperature range to minimize membrane swelling.
  • MEA catalyst membrane-electrode assembly
  • the invention relates to ion conducting copolymers containing ion conducting oligomers and/or ion conducting monomers and polyaromatic moieties, such as napthyl, anthracyl, phenanthryl and pyrenyl that do not contain ion conducting groups.
  • the polyaromatic moieties are a comonomer of the ion conducting oligomer or of a non-ionic oligomer which may optionally be incorporated into the ion conducting copolymer.
  • the invention is directed to polyaromatic ion conductive polymers having the following formula:
  • Ar 2 and Ar 5 are polyaromatic moieties at least one of An and at least one OfAr 3 comprises a sulfonate group -SO 3 M, where
  • M is H or alkali metal cation
  • T, V W and Y are linking moieties
  • Z is independently -O- or -S-; i and j are independently integers greater than 1 ; t, v, w, and y are independently 0 or 1 a, b, c, and d are mole fractions wherein the sum of a, b ,c and d is 1, at least one of a and b is greater than 0 and at least one of c and d is greater than 0; and m, n, o, and p are integers indicating the number of different oligomers or monomers in the copolymer.
  • a ⁇ can be a polyaromatic moiety.
  • Polyaromatic moieties are preferably selected from the group consisting of napthyl, anthracyl, phenanthryl and pyrenyl.
  • the polyaromatic ion conducting copolymers are used to make PEMs.
  • PEMs can be used to make catalyst coated proton exchange membranes (CCM's) and membrane electrode assemblies (MEA' s) that are used in fuel cells such as hydrogen and direct methanol fuel cells, as well as replacement components for prior art fuel cells having water management systems.
  • fuel cells can be used in electronic devices, both portable and fixed, power supplies including auxiliary power units (APU' s) and for locomotive power for vehicles such as automobiles, aircraft and marine vessels and APU's associated therewith.
  • APU' s auxiliary power units
  • APU's auxiliary power units
  • Figure 1 depicts the synthesis disclosed in Example 1.
  • polyaromatic ion conducting copolymers can be represented by Formula I:
  • Ar 2 and Ar 5 are polyaromatic moieties at least one of An and at least one OfAr 3 comprises a sulfonate group -SO 3 M, where
  • M is H or alkali metal cation
  • T, V W and Y are linking moieties
  • Z is independently -O- or -S-; i and j are independently integers greater than 1; t, v, w, and y are independently 0 or 1 a, b, c, and d are mole fractions wherein the sum of a, b ,c and d is 1 , at least one of a and b is greater than 0 and at least one of c and d is greater than 0; and m, n, o, and p are integers indicating the number of different oligomers or monomers in the copolymer.
  • Ar 6 when y is zero, Ar 6 can be a polyaromatic moiety.
  • the precursor ion conducting copolymer may also be represented by Formula II:
  • An, Ar 3 , Ar 4 and Ar 6 are independently phenyl, substituted phenyl, napthyl, terphenyl, aryl nitrile and substituted aryl nitrile;
  • Ar 2 and Ar 5 are polyaromatic moieties at least one of An and at least one OfAr 3 comprises a sulfonate group groups -SO 3 M, where M is H or alkali metal cation; T, V Wand Y are independently a bond, -C(O)-,
  • Z is independently -O- or -S-; i and j are independently integers greater than 1 ; t, u, v, w, x, and y are independently O or 1 a, b, c, and d are mole fractions wherein the sum of a, b ,c and d is 1 , at least one of a and b is greater than O and at least one of c and d is greater than O; and m, n, o, and p are integers indicating the number of different oligomers or monomers in the copolymer.
  • Ar 6 when y is zero, Ar 6 can be a polyaromatic moiety.
  • the precursor ion-conductive copolymer can also be represented by Formula III:
  • Ar 1 , Ar 3 , Ar 4 and Ar 6 are independently phenyl, substituted phenyl, napthyl, terphenyl, aryl nitrile and substituted aryl nitrile;
  • Ar 2 and Ar 5 are polyaromatic moieties at least one Of Ar 1 and at least one OfAr 3 comprises a sulfonate group groups -SO 3 M, where M is H or alkali metal cation;
  • T, V, Wand Y are independently a bond O, S, C(O), S(O 2 ), alkyl, branched alkyl, fluoroalkyl, branched fluoroalkyl, cycloalkyl, aryl, substituted aryl or heterocycle;
  • Z is independently -O- or -S-; i and j are independently integers greater than 1; t, v, w, and y are independently O or 1 a, b, c, and d are mole fractions wherein the sum of a, b ,c and d is 1 , at least one of a and b is greater than 0 and at least one of c and d is greater than 0; and m, n, o, and p are integers indicating the number of different oligomers or monomers in the copolymer.
  • Ar 6 when y is zero, Ar 6 can be a polyaromatic moiety.
  • (-(Ar3-V) v - Ar 3 -Z-) is an ion conducting comonomer where one or both of Ar3 contains SO3M
  • i and j are independently from 2 to 12, more preferably from 3 to 8 and most preferably from 4 to 6.
  • a composition comprising the ion conducting copolymer can contain a mixture of copolymers and that different copolymers in the mixture may contain different numbers of the various components as set forth in the above formulas. This is often the result of the conditions used to synthesize the copolymer.
  • a composition may contain ion conducting copolymers where j is 2 for half the copolymers and j is 3 for the other half. Statistically, the average value of j is 2.5.
  • the mole fraction "a" of ion-conducting oligomer in the copolymer is between 0.1 and 0.9, preferably between 0.3 and 0.9, more preferably from 0.3 to 0.7 and most preferably from 0.3 to 0.5.
  • the mole fraction "b" of ion conducting monomer in the copolymer is preferably from 0 to 0.5, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.4 and most preferably from 0.1 to 0.3.
  • the mole fraction of "c" of non-ion conductive oligomer is preferably from 0 to 0.3, more preferably from 0.1 to 0.25 and most preferably from 0.01 to 0.15.
  • the mole fraction "d" of non-ion conducting monomer in the copolymer is preferably from 0 to 0.7, more preferably from 0.2 to 0.5 and most preferably from 0.2 to 0.4.
  • At least one of a and b being greater than 0 and one of c and d being greater than 0, at least one of a and c is greater than 0.
  • an ion conducting oligomer or non-ionic oligomer is present in the ion conducting copolymer.
  • b, c and d are all greater then zero. In other cases, a and c are greater than zero and b and d are zero. In other cases, a is zero, b is greater than zero and at least c or d or c and d are greater than zero. Nitrogen is generally not present in the copolymer backbone.
  • indices m, n, o, and p are integers that take into account the use of different monomers and/or oligomers in the same copolymer or among a mixture of copolymers, where m is preferably 1, 2 or 3, n is preferably 1 or 2, o is preferably 1 or 2 and p is preferably 1, 2, 3 or 4.
  • the precursor ion conductive monomer used to make the ion- conducting polymer is not 2,2' disulfonated 4,4' dihydroxy biphenyl or (2) the ion conductive polymer does not contain the ion-conducting monomer that is formed using this precursor ion conductive monomer.
  • the SO3M group is covalently attached to an aromatic group.
  • various linkers may be used to position the SO3M group away from the ion conducting copolymer backbone.
  • backbones are preferably aliphatic C 1 -C 1 0.
  • a random ion conducting copolymer is set forth in Formula IV
  • Examples of monomers containing R where R is SO3M include but are not limited to:
  • a monovalent monomer to limit the length of the copolymer.
  • monomers that are restricted to one and/or the other termini of the copolymer include but are not limited to:
  • Ion conducting copolymers and the monomers used to make them and which are not otherwise identified herein can also be used.
  • Such ion conducting copolymers and monomers include those disclosed in U.S. Patent Application No. 09/872,770, filed June 1, 2001, Publication No. US 2002-0127454 Al, published September 12, 2002, entitled “Polymer Composition”; U.S. Patent Application No. 10/351,257, filed January 23, 2003, Publication No. US 2003-0219640 Al, published November 27, 2003, entitled “Acid Base Proton Conducting Polymer Blend Membrane"; U.S. Patent Application No. 10/438,186, filed May 13, 2003, Publication No.
  • the mole percent of ion-conducting groups when two ion-conducting groups are present in a comonomer is preferably between 20 and 70%, or more preferably between 25 and 60%, and most preferably between 30 and 50%.
  • the preferred sulfonation is 40 to 140%, more preferably 50 to 120% and most preferably 60 to 100%.
  • the amount of ion-conducting group can be measured by the ion exchange capacity (IEC).
  • IEC ion exchange capacity
  • Nafion ® typically has a ion exchange capacity of 0.9 meq per gram.
  • the IEC be between 0.7 and 3.0 meq per gram, more preferably between 0.8 and 2.5 meq per gram, and most preferably between 1.0 and 2.0 meq per gram.
  • the polyaromatic ion conducting copolymer can be cast into a membrane to form a PEM that can be used in a fuel cell. It is preferred that the membrane thickness be between 0.1 to 10 mils, more preferably between 1 and 6 mils, most preferably between 1.5 and 2.5 mils.
  • a membrane is permeable to protons if the proton flux is greater than approximately 0.005 S/cm, more preferably greater than 0.01 S/cm, most preferably greater than 0.02 S/cm.
  • a membrane is substantially impermeable to methanol if the methanol transport across a membrane having a given thickness is less than the transfer of methanol across a Nafion membrane of the same thickness.
  • the permeability of methanol is preferably 50% less than that of a Nafion membrane, more preferably 75% less and most preferably greater than 80% less as compared to the Nafion membrane.
  • the cross linked PEM may be used to produce a catalyst coated membrane (CCM).
  • a CCM comprises a crosslinked PEM when at least one side and preferably both of the opposing sides of the PEM are partially or completely coated with catalyst.
  • the catalyst is preferable a layer made of catalyst and ionomer.
  • Preferred catalysts are Pt and Pt-Ru.
  • Preferred ionomers include Nafion and other ion-conductive polymers.
  • anode and cathode catalysts are applied onto the membrane using well established standard techniques. For direct methanol fuel cells, platinum/ruthenium catalyst is typically used on the anode side while platinum catalyst is applied on the cathode side.
  • platinum or platinum/ruthenium is generally applied on the anode side, and platinum is applied on the cathode side.
  • Catalysts may be optionally supported on carbon.
  • the catalyst is initially dispersed in a small amount of water (about lOOmg of catalyst in 1 g of water). To this dispersion a 5% ionomer solution in water/alcohol is added (0.25-0.75 g). The resulting dispersion may be directly painted onto the polymer membrane. Alternatively, isopropanol (1-3 g) is added and the dispersion is directly sprayed onto the membrane.
  • the catalyst may also be applied onto the membrane by decal transfer, as described in the open literature (Electrochimica Acta, 40: 297 (1995)).
  • an MEA refers to an ion- conducting polymer membrane made from a CCM according to the invention in combination with anode and cathode electrodes positioned to be in electrical contact with the catalyst layer of the CCM.
  • the electrodes are in electrical contact with the catalyst layer, either directly or indirectly via a gas diffusion or other conductive layer, so that they are capable of completing an electrical circuit which includes the CCM and a load to which the fuel cell current is supplied.
  • a first catalyst is electrocatalytically associated with the anode side of the PEM so as to facilitate the oxidation of hydrogen or organic fuel.
  • Such oxidation generally results in the formation of protons, electrons and, in the case of organic fuels, carbon dioxide and water. Since the membrane is substantially impermeable to molecular hydrogen and organic fuels such as methanol, as well as carbon dioxide, such components remain on the anodic side of the membrane.
  • Electrons formed from the electrocatalytic reaction are transmitted from the anode to the load and then to the cathode. Balancing this direct electron current is the transfer of an equivalent number of protons across the membrane to the cathodic compartment.
  • There an electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen in the presence of the transmitted protons occurs to form water.
  • air is the source of oxygen.
  • oxygen-enriched air or oxygen is used.
  • the membrane electrode assembly is generally used to divide a fuel cell into anodic and cathodic compartments.
  • a fuel such as hydrogen gas or an organic fuel such as methanol is added to the anodic compartment while an oxidant such as oxygen or ambient air is allowed to enter the cathodic compartment.
  • a number of cells can be combined to achieve appropriate voltage and power output.
  • CCMs and MEAs are generally useful in fuel cells such as those disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos. 5,945,231, 5,773,162, 5,992,008, 5,723,229, 6,057,051, 5,976,725, 5,789,093, 4,612,261, 4,407,905, 4,629,664, 4,562,123, 4,789,917, 4,446,210, 4,390,603, 6,110,613, 6,020,083, 5,480,735, 4,851,377, 4,420,544, 5,759,712, 5,807,412, 5,670,266, 5,916,699, 5,693,434, 5,688,613, 5,688,614, each of which is expressly incorporated herein by reference.
  • the CCMs and MEAs of the invention may also be used in hydrogen fuel cells that are known in the art.
  • Examples include 6,630,259; 6,617,066; 6,602,920; 6,602,627; 6,568,633; 6,544,679; 6,536,551; 6,506,510; 6,497,974, 6,321,145; 6,195,999; 5,984,235; 5,759,712; 5,509,942; and 5,458,989 each of which are expressly incorporated herein by reference.
  • the fuel cells can be used in many applications including electrical power sources for residential, industrial, commercial power systems and for use in locomotive power such as in automobiles.
  • Other uses to which the invention finds particular use includes the use of fuel cells in portable electronic devices such as cell phones and other telecommunication devices, video and audio consumer electronics equipment, computer laptops, computer notebooks, personal digital assistants and other computing devices, GPS devices and the like.
  • the fuel cells may be stacked to increase voltage and current capacity for use in high power applications such as industrial and residential sewer services or used to provide locomotion to vehicles.
  • Such fuel cell structures include those disclosed in U.S. Patent Nos.
  • SBisK Sulfonated Difluorobenzophenone
  • NAP 2,7-Dihydroxynaphthalene
  • the SBisK-NAP ratio for the I s * step is 2: 1, so the oligomer formed is short.
  • the final IEC of the material is 1.8 meq/g, so that the SBisK-BisK ratio in the final product is 0.38:0.62.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract

L'invention porte sur des copolymères conducteurs d'ions contenant des oligomères conducteurs d'ions et/ou des monomères conducteurs d'ions et des fractions polyaromatiques, tels que le naphtyle, anthracyle, phénanthryle et pyrényle qui ne contiennent pas de groupes conducteurs d'ions. Les fractions polyaromatiques sont un comonomère de l'oligomère conducteur d'ions ou d'un oligomère non ionique qui peut facultativement être incorporé dans le copolymère conducteur d'ions. Les copolymères polyaromatiques conducteurs d'ions sont utilisés pour fabriquer des membranes électrolytiques polymères qui sont utiles dans les piles à combustibles, notamment en tant que composants de remplacement pour des piles à combustible de l'état de la technique.
PCT/US2009/044507 2008-05-19 2009-05-19 Copolymères polyaromatiques conducteurs d'ions WO2009143146A1 (fr)

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US5442508P 2008-05-19 2008-05-19
US61/054,425 2008-05-19

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040126666A1 (en) * 2002-05-13 2004-07-01 Shuguang Cao Ion conductive block copolymers
WO2006130857A2 (fr) * 2005-06-01 2006-12-07 Polyfuel, Inc. Melange polymere comprenant un copolymere conducteur d'ions et un polymere non ionique
US20060280986A1 (en) * 2005-05-27 2006-12-14 Polyfuel, Inc. End capped ion-conductive polymers

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20040126666A1 (en) * 2002-05-13 2004-07-01 Shuguang Cao Ion conductive block copolymers
US20060280986A1 (en) * 2005-05-27 2006-12-14 Polyfuel, Inc. End capped ion-conductive polymers
WO2006130857A2 (fr) * 2005-06-01 2006-12-07 Polyfuel, Inc. Melange polymere comprenant un copolymere conducteur d'ions et un polymere non ionique

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