WO2009138111A1

WO2009138111A1 - Device for discharging bulk material from outlet ends of downpipes

Info

Publication number: WO2009138111A1
Application number: PCT/EP2008/003910
Authority: WO
Inventors: Horst Grochowski
Original assignee: Horst Grochowski
Priority date: 2008-05-15
Filing date: 2008-05-15
Publication date: 2009-11-19
Also published as: DE112008003844A5; DE202008015019U1; DE112009001091A5; DE112008003844B4; DE112009001091B4; WO2009138245A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a device for discharging bulk material from the downpipe outlet (10A) of at least one downpipe (10) comprises a baffle plate for the bulk material, said baffle plate being arranged at a vertical distance (A) below the downpipe outlet (10A) and having at least one edge (12A, 12B), and has a sufficient area for receiving a bulk material cone (14) which is formed between the downpipe outlet (10A) and the baffle plate (12). A discharge gate (16) can be displaced in the distance gap (A) between the downpipe outlet (10A) and the baffle plate (12) approximately in parallel to the surface of the baffle plate to intermittently discharge bulk material of the bulk material cone (14) from the baffle plate (12) over the at least one edge (12A, 12B) thereof towards the bottom. The discharge gate (16) is moved by a kinetic drive. To treat the bulk material in as gentle a manner as possible during discharge, the discharge gate (16) comprises a plate element (16A) and a gripper (18), the plate element having at least one lower edge (16B) and holding means and the gripper (18) having gripping means (18A) that interact with the holding means of the plate element (16A) in such a manner that the plate element (16A) is maintained in its operating positions with its lower edge (16B) resting on the baffle plate (12), the kinetic drive moving the gripper (18).

Description

Device for discharging bulk materials from mouth ends of

downspouts

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

A device for discharging bulk materials from the mouth ends of downpipes, which are usually aligned approximately vertically, with the features of the preamble of claim 1. Accordingly, a vertically spaced below the pipe mouths located, usually horizontally aligned baffle plate for the Bulk material provided which has a sufficient base area for receiving, if possible for complete absorption, a bulk material cone which forms between the downcomer mouth and the baffle plate, and at least one edge serving as a bulk material discharge edge. A discharge slide is displaceable in the gap between the pipe mouth and the baffle plate approximately parallel to the baffle plate to drop bulk material of the bulk material cone of the baffle plate over the edge down in blocks. The discharge slide is equipped with a movement drive which moves individual discharge slides or groups of discharge slides clockwise or else reversing continuously. TECHNOLOGICAL BACKGROUND

Generic discharge devices are known from EP 0 472 565. Such discharge devices have extremely well on the industrial scale for the metered discharge of bulk materials from the bulk material contained reactors, especially when operated in countercurrent moving bed reactors. A finger-like discharge spool is located up and down in the clearance gap between the lower muzzle and the surface of the baffle plate with sufficient vertical play to prevent jamming or other movement obstruction in the horizontal movement of the horizontally extending discharge finger. The reliability of such discharge devices, which have to ensure, for example, one hundred pieces in a single moving bed reactor module that as accurately as possible predetermined bulk quantities are discharged at each movement stroke of Austragsfingers from the moving bed reactor module, is of great importance, since corresponding large-scale reactor plants over many months between two inspection times (travel time) are in continuous use and a damage repair of the reactor would be associated with very high expenditure and production losses. Corresponding reactors can work at very different temperatures, but are usually operated at temperatures between 100 and 200 ⁰ C and have a high heat capacity, so that a reactor cooling would take a relatively long time. The generic discharge devices take into account these difficult conditions.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Based on this, the object of the invention is to improve the protection of the bulk material during discharge from a bulk material reactor, in particular to minimize the risk of mechanical comminution. While in the past such bulk materials were to be discharged frequently that were subsequently no longer used in the bulk material reactor, increasing demands are placed on the recyclability of bulk materials for reusability. It depends not only on the ability to regenerate as such, but also on the fact that a certain grain spectrum is maintained. If, due to damage of the bulk material particles, a so-called broken grain and / or undersize grain is produced, the bulk material spaces in the bulk material reactor are filled with such smaller grains and the flow resistance through such a bulk material layer unfavorably increases, so that more energy is needed to overcome the problem additional pressure loss in a bulk layer is required. In addition, the risk increases that bulk particles from their desired state of rest go into a vertebral state. It has been found that the hitherto usual distance clearance of the bulk material discharge finger, which possible thermal distortions or mechanical loads, eg a bulk material discharge tubes carrying reactor bottom which simultaneously Fluidanströmboden, takes into account, can lead to damage of bulk material particles in Schüttgutaustrag when the distance column to the top Henden Pipe mouth or to the bottom baffle plate for the bulk material critical values. This can happen, for example, when it comes to thermal distortions or mechanical, for example, statically caused Spaltmaßänderungen and / or Austragsfingerverlagerungen. It has been found that the problem increases with increasing particle size of the bulk material.

The invention solves the aforementioned problem by a discharge device having the features of claim 1. The basic idea of the invention is to hold and move the discharge slide with a gripper in such a way that the plate element-preferably by gravity-rests against the baffle surface is held. A plate-like design ensures the maintenance of a precisely predetermined amount of bulk material output per working stroke of the discharge slide. The rest of the lower edge of the plate element on the baffle plate reduces the mechanical stress of the bulk material particles through the discharge and leaves a favorable way relatively large distance between the upper edge of the plate member and the muzzle. A "plate element" in the sense of the invention is understood to mean both flat metal strips and elements profiled on their surface or in their interior, which can strike with their lower edge over the surface of the baffle plate and have a certain height for the lateral bulk material discharge as well as of a freely configurable "gripper" can be detected and moved horizontally in contact with the baffle plate. A certain length of the plate element is not mandatory. It can be designed as a whole or even at its lower edge both straight stretched as well as curved, frame-shaped or forked. By "sidewalls" of the plate elements are meant those surfaces which can detect the bulk material located on the baffle plate or parts of this bulk material quantity during the lateral discharge movement The "lower edge" of a plate element can be designed many times in the sense of the invention, it can comprise both a very slender but also a wider contact surface on the underside of the plate element. The plate element can therefore also have on both sides "lower edges" in the sense of the invention. "Vertical guidance means of the plate elements which cooperate with gripping means of the gripper permit a preferably vertical relative movement between the plate element and the plate gripper.

A "baffle plate" is to be understood as meaning any element which is substantially flat on its upper surface, in particular approximately horizontally, and which has at least one edge for bulk material which serves as a discharge edge. which allows a constant contact of the plate member detected by him on the baffle plate even with thermally or mechanically conditioned changes to the discharge device. The constant contact of the plate member on the baffle plate is preferably carried out by gravity, ie due to a sufficiently large weight of the plate member. However, it can also be driven by actively driven means or by spring force in contact with the baffle. be kept. Finally, the term "downpipes" in the sense of the invention means discharge zones for the gravity discharge of bulk goods from containers, which may be tubes with parallel or funnel-shaped converging sidewalls, which allow a gravity-induced migration of the bulk material At the lower end of the tailpipe, a discharge of bulk material is permitted, and the side walls may be at a considerable height as well as at a minimum height.

The above-mentioned as well as the claimed components to be used according to the invention described in the exemplary embodiments are not subject to special exceptions in their size, shape design, material selection and technical design, so that the selection criteria known in the field of application can be used without restriction

Further details, features and advantages of the subject of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, as well as from the following description of the accompanying drawings and table, in which - by way of example - an embodiment of a discharge device is shown.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

In the drawing show:

Fig. 1 is a bulk material discharge device in perspective view;

2 The same bulk material discharge device in side view (view B-B according to FIG.

1 );

FIG. 3 The same bulk material discharge device in top view (view CC according to FIG. 2) and FIG FIG. 4 shows the same bulk material discharge device in an enlarged detail view from FIG. 1.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENT

From FIGS. 1 to 3, 16 downpipes 10 can be seen, which are arranged in a uniform grid (here square) in an approximately vertical position and terminate at their lower mouth end 10A (FIG. 4) at substantially the same height level. At their overhead inlet ends 10B, the downcomers 10 are attached to a container, not shown in the drawing, such as on the inflow tray of a moving bed reactor, such that the bulk material in the container can enter the downcomers 10 under gravity at the inlet ends 10B and fill them , Below the mouth ends 10A of the downpipes 10, baffle plates 12 extend at a distance A below the mouth ends 10A. In the case of the baffle plates 12, what is referred to as the preferred exemplary embodiment is the so-called T-carrier (the U-carriers which are often used in steel construction can also be used to advantage). Such baffles have a relatively flat outer surface, on the side opposite the webs, which comparatively little warps under mechanical and thermal influences. On both sides of the storage area of the illustrated baffle plates 12, discharge edges in the form of the edges 12A, 12B of the baffle plates forming T or U-carrier extend. These edges serve as Schüttgutabwurfkanten. Due to the open mouth ends 10A of the downpipes 10, the bulk material exits and collects as bulk material cone 14 (of which FIG. 4 shows only one for the sake of clarity) on top of the baffle plate 12 until the bulk material cone (as shown) at its top End of the downpipe mouth almost closes.

The downpipes extend in rows each approximately centrally with respect to the edges 12A,

12B above the carrier-like baffle plate 12. Further, a discharge slide 16 is provided in the form of a plate member 16A, which in the FIG. 4 dargestell- ten resting state approximately centrally located under the downcomer mouths of a downcomer row and substantially continuously rests in the region of its lower edge 16 B on the surface of the baffle plate 12 loosely. Grippers 18 in the form of U-shaped in cross-section metal carriers are provided with gripping means 18A and by means of a direction indicated in the drawing Bewegüngsantriebsmittels 19 in the direction of the double arrows D transverse to the longitudinal extent of the T-shaped, the baffle plate 12 forming metal carrier above the same movable together. The gripping means 18A are designed in the illustrated and so far preferred embodiment as cuts in the flanges of the U-profile, whose cross-section is selected so that the plate member 16A can be completely or at least partially received from below. In this way, the plate element 16A is connected by means of the gripping means 18A such that the gripper or a plurality of grippers together can displace a plate element 16A in the direction of the double arrow D if required. In this case, the plate member 16A remains resting on the storage surface due to its gravity, since sufficient movement play is provided between gripping means 18A and the contact areas to the plate member 16A. In the illustrated case, the side surfaces of the plate members 16) act as a vertical guide means 16 C for the gripping means. If desired, the grippers 18 can thus be held at a vertical distance above the storage area and in particular allow vertical movement play with respect to the plate elements 16A. But you can also sit with their gravity on the plate elements 16A.

If now the gripper or the plurality of grippers 18 connected via connectors 20 are displaced by approximately half the width of the storage surface in the direction of one edge 12A and subsequently back to close to the other edge 12B, the bulk material 14 forming the pour cone 14 will be moved over the edges 12A and 12B dropped down as known per se. Due to the direct support of the plate member 16A on the storage area, even with very small bulk material particles of z. B. 1 mm size prevents them from jamming under the discharge slide and can be destroyed. The position of the vertical guide means 16C is positioned laterally of the bulk material cone 14 in the illustrated preferred embodiment. Instead of the slot guides shown can also be provided as a gripping metal bolts that engage in vertical holes of the plate elements, or such bolts engage in holes in the gripper, so that a sufficient vertical guidance and vertical mobility is given. Other, coupling means between gripper and plate element, such as parallelogram lever, among others, are also usable.

The only shear forces acting on the bulk material occur in the clearance gap between the upper edge of the plate members and the downcomers. This distance is chosen so that it is usually larger than the largest particle size. A preferred distance is about 2 times the largest particle size.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10 downpipes

10A downpipe mouths

10B entry ends

12 baffle plate

12A edge

12B edge

14 pouring cone

16 discharge valve

16A plate element

16B top edge

16D lower edge

16C vertical guide means

18 grippers

18A gripping means

19 motor drive means

20 gripper connectors

A distance

B side view

C top view

D double arrows

Claims

1. Device for discharging bulk material from the downcomer mouth (10A) of at least one downpipe (10)

with a vertical disc (A) under the downcomer mouth (10A) located, at least one edge (12A, 12B) having baffle plate (12) for the bulk material with sufficient base area for receiving a bulk material cone (14) extending between the downpipe fertil (10A) and the baffle plate (12) forms and

with a discharge slide (16) which is displaceable in the gap (A) between the downcomer mouth (10A) and the baffle plate (12) approximately parallel to the baffle plate surface to bulk material of the bulk material cone (14) of the baffle plate (12) via the at least one edge (12A, 12B) to drop off downwards, and

with a movement drive for the discharge slide (16)

characterized in that

the discharge spool (16) comprises a plate element (16A) and a gripper (18), the plate element comprising at least one lower edge (16B) and holding means, such as vertical guide means (16C), and

the gripper (18) with the holding means of the plate member (16A) cooperating gripping means (18A) such that the plate member (16A) is held in its operating positions with its lower edge (16B) in abutment on the baffle plate (12), wherein the movement drive moves the gripper (18).

2. Discharge device according to claim 1, characterized in that the height / thickness ratio of the plate element is 10: 1 to 1: 5, preferably 3: 1 to 1: 1.

3. Discharge device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the support surface of the plate element (16A) serving as a storage surface of the baffle plate (12) on the outer flange side of a T-shaped metal carrier.

4. Discharge device according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that side walls of the plate element (16A) form vertical guide means (16C).

5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the grippers consist of cross-sectionally U-shaped metal carriers.

6. Discharge device according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the holding means of the plate element (16A) cooperating gripping means (18A) are designed as downwardly open U-shaped slots.

7. Discharge device according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the vertical distance between the upper edge (16 D) of a plate member (16 A) and the downcomer mouth (10 A) from 1 1/2-fold to 2 1/2-fold, preferably which is 2 times the largest particle size.