WO2009138098A1

WO2009138098A1 - Polygonal transformer core

Info

Publication number: WO2009138098A1
Application number: PCT/EP2008/003823
Authority: WO
Inventors: Charles W. Johnson; Jan Leander; Karel Bilek; Benjamin Weber
Original assignee: Abb Technology Ag
Priority date: 2008-05-13
Filing date: 2008-05-13
Publication date: 2009-11-19

Abstract

The invention relates to a transformer core (10, 20, 102) for a power transformer (100). Said transformer core (10, 20, 102) extends about an imaginary center axis (14, 35, 104) in the form of a closed toroidal structure. The transformer core (10, 20, 102) is mainly constituted of a plurality of adjacent layers of sheet metal (17, 48-1, 48-2, 48-3, 48-4, 48-5). It has a toroidal structure having a polygonal horizontal section with three or five or more corners and a corresponding number of transformer legs, said structure extending about the center axis (14, 35, 104).

Description

Polygonal transformer core

description

The invention relates to a transformer core for a power transformer, wherein the transformer core in the form of a closed torus-like structure extends around a central axis and is formed from a plurality of adjacent layers of sheet metal.

It is well known to use transformers in the distribution of electrical energy by transforming or switching AC voltage from a high level to a low voltage level or vice versa. Power distribution networks are usually constructed in 3-phase, i. there are three mutually associated individual conductors in each case by 120 ° phase angle shifted voltages whose in-phase mathematical summation in the symmetrical state of the energy distribution network always gives the value zero. Line ranges of such power transformers range from a few kVA up to several 100 MVA, the operating voltages are usually between 6kV and 38OkV.

A 3-phase power transformer usually has at least one primary and one secondary winding for each phase, so that a total of at least 6 individual windings result. There are 3-phase power transformers are known in which all windings are arranged around a common transformer core having a plurality of legs, wherein a leg then, for example, each a primary and a secondary winding of a phase passes through.

There are also known 3-phase power transformers, which are formed by suitable electrical interconnection of three 1-phase transformers at which the primary and secondary windings of each phase are each penetrated by a separate annular transformer core.

In such a 1-phase winding arrangement with an annular core, it proves to be advantageous for reasons of compactness of the arrangement to arrange the 1-phase primary and / or secondary winding also in the form of several separate winding elements, for example along a circular path, wherein all winding segments are penetrated by the annular core, as described for example in European Patent EP 0 557 549 B1.

A disadvantage of such an annular transformer core is in particular that this is only partially usable for receiving windings from a ribbon conductor. An annular transformer core has approximately the shape of a tome, i. a portion of a torus-shaped transformer core, which passes through a winding segment, does not have the shape of a straight cylinder but approximately the shape of a bent cylinder, which follows with its central axis a circle segment.

Windings of a ribbon conductor are characterized in that the ribbon conductor is spirally wound around a winding axis, wherein the width of the ribbon conductor extends over the entire width of the winding. Due to the design, it is not possible to produce a winding from a ribbon conductor whose radially inner region has the previously described shape of a bent cylinder, which follows with its central axis a curved circular segment. Instead, windings made of a flat strip material have a cylindrical radial inner surface around a straight winding axis.

In particular, for reasons of increased efficiency of a power transformer, it is advantageous if the distance between a radial inner boundary surface of a transformer winding and the radial outer surface of a transformer core cross-sweeping transformer core section is as small as possible. This is not the case in the described arrangement, in which a bent portion of a torus-shaped transformer core passes through a cylindrical radial inner region of a winding of a ribbon conductor - there are always increased distances between the winding and transformer core due to the inequality of the forms described.

Based on this prior art, it is an object of the invention to provide a torus-like transformer core for a power transformer of the type mentioned, which in the arrangement of several windings with cylindrical radially inner boundary around this Transformormem a reduced distance between the radial outer surfaces of the respective transformer core section and the respective radial inner surface of the respective winding allows.

This object is achieved by a transformer core with the features specified in claim 1.

Accordingly, the transformer core according to the invention is characterized in that the torus-like structure running around the central axis has a polygonal floor plan with three or five or more corners and in each case a corresponding number of transformer legs.

A transformer core with a polygonal floor plan has a plurality of straight transformer legs, wherein a kink is provided between each two transformer legs. All transformer legs form a closed ring structure by means of the respective kink. A kink is also executable in the form of a bend.

The straight transformer legs advantageously allow a minimum distance between their radial outer surface and the radial cylindrical inner boundary surface of the respective winding, which is penetrated by the respective transformer leg. In a further embodiment of the transformer core according to the invention, the core cross section is at least partially approximated to an ellipse or a circle. The production of a winding to be arranged around this cross-section is thereby simplified.

In a further embodiment of the transformer core according to the invention whose polygonal floor plan based on a regular polygon with 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 10, 11 or 12 corners.

The use of a regular polygonal outline leads to an equal length of all transformer legs and to an equal angle at all kinks of the core. This makes it possible in an advantageous manner, identical windings or winding segments to arrange around the transformer core or to let pass through this.

In a preferred embodiment of the transformer core according to the invention, this has at least one metal sheet which extends at least once along the entire torus-like structure at an angle of at least 360 ° about the central axis.

Accordingly, it is provided to manufacture the polygonal transformer core using only a single sheet metal strip, which - similar to a ribbon winding - is wound in several layers but in a polygonal shape around the central axis of the transformer core to be manufactured. In order to achieve a roundish cross-section of the transformer core, it is both within the scope of the invention to vary the width of such a metal strip along its length accordingly.

Alternatively, it can also be provided in the development according to the invention to first produce a plurality of polygonal core parts with a plurality of layers of transformer sheets extending around a center axis, each having a different width of the core parts, which respectively have an inner or outer diameter matched to each other. In a further step, these are then interleaved and connectable to a common transformer core. Windings are arranged around such a non-divisible transformer core either in that they are already taken into account in the manufacture of the core, that is, the transformer core is also manufactured within the already at least provisionally arranged cylindrical inner regions of the windings or winding segments.

A further arrangement according to the invention of windings or winding modules about a transformer core produced in this way is that the winding or the winding segments are manufactured or wound around the respective core section of a closed transformer core.

Thus, at least one sheet metal layer in the transformer core is present, which has only a single sheet. In particular, in an arrangement of the transformer plates parallel to the central axis of the transformer core, the number of sheets and thus the manufacturing cost of the transformer core can be reduced in an advantageous manner.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the transformer core according to the invention this is assembled from at least two connectable core sections.

A core portion is preferably to be made by suitable construction using separate sheets or else by division of a larger core portion or a complete core.

The later arrangement of windings around the transformer core is significantly simplified with separate core sections. After arranging the respective windings around the respective core sections, these are joined together in the manufacturing process of a transformer. In a particularly preferred embodiment of the transformer core according to the invention, a core section in the case of an even-numbered polygonal floor plan has exactly two transformer legs.

In this way, one winding or one winding segment can be arranged in a simple manner around each of the two transformer legs.

According to a further embodiment of the transformer core according to the invention, the connection of the core sections also takes place by means of toothing of individual sheet metal layers and / or sheet metal layer regions.

The magnetic flux can be better guided at the junctions between the respective core sections and the efficiency of the transformer can thus be increased.

According to a particularly preferred embodiment of the transformer core according to the invention, each transformer leg receives at least one winding segment wound radially around a respective winding axis, the radially inner region of which is penetrated by the respective transformer leg, wherein the width corresponds to one respective winding segment of the respective spatial extension along its winding axis.

The winding segments can be connected by suitable electrical circuitry, for example series and / or parallel connection, to form an electrical functional unit, which in such an arrangement has, for example, the functionality of a 1-phase transformer.

By using a plurality of identical winding segments of the cost of producing such a transformer is advantageously reduced.

In a further embodiment of the transformer core according to the invention, the width of a respective winding segment tapers at least in sections in the direction of the central axis of the transformer core. Thus, the inner region of the transformer core, that is to say the region between the center axis and the core material, can advantageously be used to a great extent with the arranged winding segments. The size of the transformer is thereby advantageously reduced.

Further advantageous embodiment possibilities can be found in the further dependent claims.

Reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings, the invention, further embodiments and other advantages will be described in detail.

Show it:

1 shows an example of a triangular transformer core part,

2 shows an example of an octagonal transformer core,

Fig. 3 shows an example of a core cross section and

4 shows an example of a transformer with hexagonal transformer core.

1 shows an example of a triangular transformer core part 10 in a perspective view. A band-shaped winding conductor 17 is arranged in triangular form about a first imaginary central axis 14. The band-shaped winding conductor 17 is characterized by its first sheet end 16 in the radially outermost sheet metal layer and its second sheet end 18 in the radially innermost sheet metal layer. The three legs of the transformer core run in a straight line between the respective kinks.

The transformer core part shown in FIG. 1 initially does not have the round cross-sectional shape according to the invention. This could be approximated, for example, by the fact that in each case adjacent to the imaginary first center axis 14 further radially inwardly and radially outwardly further triangular transformer core parts of lesser length along the first imaginary central axis 14 than the triangular transformer core part 10 are connected thereto. That way would be one round cross section of the transformer core approximated by 3 rectangular adjoining partial cross sections.

2 shows a top view of a section through an exemplary octagonal transformer core 20. It runs in torus-like fashion about a second imaginary central axis 35. The octagonal transformer core 20 furthermore has a first core section 31, a second core section 32, a third core section 33 and a fourth core portion 34 which are connected to each other in a respective first connection region 21, a second connection region 22, a third connection region 23 and a fourth connection region 24.

The fourth connection region 24 is shown in more detail with a first overlap region 25 and a second overlap region 26. In the case of a toothing of transformer plates for producing a connection, it makes sense, for example, to allow a transformer plate of the fourth core section 34 to protrude in a sheet-metal layer into the actual area of the third core section 33 of the same sheet-metal layer, which corresponds to the first overlapping area 25 in the illustrated FIG. The corresponding sheet of the third core portion 33 is shortened by the same first overlapping area 25.

Correspondingly, in a further sheet metal layer, a metal sheet of the third core section 33 protrudes into the region of the fourth core section 34, this corresponding to the second overlapping zone 26. There are also other embodiments of a corresponding toothing respectively at the connection points 21, 22, 23, 24 conceivable.

For a sufficient toothing of the respective core sections 31, 32, 33, 34, it makes sense in the example shown to carry out such a toothing sheet-metal or sheet-metal package-type alternately along the height of the adjoining sheets at all connection points 21, 22, 23, 24.

FIG. 3 shows an example of an approximately circular core cross section 40 of a transformer core according to the invention. This has a first 41, second 42, third 43, fourth 44, fifth 45, sixth 46, seventh 47 and pay attention to 48 sheet metal layer area. Each sheet-metal layer region 41 - 48 in turn has a plurality of layered sheets, in the case of the eighth sheet-metal sheet portion 48, the sheets 48-1 - 48-5. The sheets of a sheet metal layer area are approximately the same width, so that in each case an approximately rectangular cross section results for a sheet metal layer area. By a suitable choice of the width of the respective sheet-metal layer regions 41-48, an approximately circular core cross-section 40 results-as can be seen in the figure. A core cross-section is considered as approximately circular-or elliptical in the context of this invention if it is at least three of the individual cross-sections each rectangular sheet metal layer areas is formed, wherein adjacent sheet metal layer areas each have a different width.

4 shows a top view of a section through an exemplary transformer 100 with hexagonal transformer core 102 and six winding segments. The hexagonal transformer core extends around an imaginary third center axis 104. It has six straight transformer legs and six kinks each. The kinks are shown sharp-edged in the presentation, but it is well in the spirit of the invention, if they are designed in the form of a bow. Depending on the design of the transformer core 102, the metal sheets, which the transformer core 102 has, are arranged either in respective planes transversely to the third imaginary central axis 104 or, in a further embodiment, parallel to the third imaginary central axis 104.

Each straight leg of the hexagonal transformer core takes in the illustrated Fig. Ever a winding segment. Each winding segment has a respective primary winding 111, 112, 113, 114, 115 and 116 and one secondary winding 121, 122, 123, 124, 125 and 126, respectively. These windings are suitably electrically interconnected to ensure the operability of the transformer 100, for example, all the primary windings connected in series to reduce the voltage stress for each winding segment. Similarly, the secondary windings are preferably to be connected in parallel in order to reduce the current load for each winding segment. The primary 111-116 and secondary windings 121-126 of a respective winding segment are each arranged around the same winding axis, in the illustrated example the secondary winding being respectively radially outward and the primary windings respectively radially inward to the respective winding axis. The respective winding axes of the winding segments extend along the respective transformer leg, from which they are penetrated.

In the figure, also a trapezoidal cross section of the respective secondary winding 121 - 126 can be seen. This serves, in particular, to better fill the inner region of the hexagonal transformer core 102, that is to say the region between the imaginary third central axis 104 and the extent of the core material of the transformer core 102. Such a winding with a trapezoidal cross-section can be produced either by using a round conductor or else by using a deformed ribbon conductor.

The first winding segment has a first width 121 at the primary-to-secondary winding interface, and a smaller second width 130 further radially outward.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

Example of a Triangular Transformer Core Part First imaginary center axis First sheet end Band shaped sheet Second sheet end Example of an octagonal transformer core First connection area Second connection area Third connection area Fourth connection area First overlap area of fourth connection area Second overlap area of fourth connection area First core section Second core section Third core section Fourth core section Second central axis imagined Core cross section First Sheet metal layer area Second sheet layer area Third sheet layer area Fourth sheet layer area Fifth sheet layer area Sixth sheet layer area Seventh sheet layer area Eighth sheet layer area -1 First sheet -2 Second sheet -3 Third sheet -4 Fourth sheet -5 Fifth sheet 100 Example of a transformer with hexagonal transformer core

102 Hexagonal transformer core

104 Third imaginary middle axis

111 primary winding of the first winding segment

112 primary winding of the second winding segment

113 primary winding of the third winding segment

114 primary winding of the fourth winding segment

115 primary winding of the fifth winding segment

116 primary winding of the sixth winding segment

121 secondary winding of the first winding segment

122 secondary winding of the first winding segment

123 secondary winding of the first winding segment

124 secondary winding of the first winding segment

125 secondary winding of the first winding segment

126 Secondary winding of the first winding segment 130 First width of the first winding segment

132 Second width of the first winding segment

Claims

claims

A transformer core (10, 20, 102) for a power transformer (100), wherein the transformer core (10, 20, 102) extends in the form of a closed torus-like structure about a central axis (14, 35, 104) and from a Variety of adjacent layers of sheet metal (17, 48-1, 48-2, 48-3, 48-4, 48-5) is formed, characterized in that the toroidal transformer core has a polygonal floor plan with three or five or more corners and each having an equal number of transformer legs.

2. transformer core (10, 20, 102) according to claim 1, characterized in that the core cross section (40) is at least partially approximated to an ellipse or a circle.

3. transformer core (10, 20, 102) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the polygonal floor plan is provided as a regular polygon with 3, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11 or 12 corners.

4. transformer core (10, 20, 102) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises at least one sheet (17) extending at least once along the entire torus-like structure at an angle of at least 360 ° about the central axis (14, 35, 104).

5. transformer core (10, 20, 102) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the transformer core of at least two interconnected core portions (31, 32, 33, 34) is joined together.

6. transformer core (10, 20, 102) according to claim 5, characterized in that a Kemabschnitt (31, 32, 33, 34) in an even polygonal floor plan has exactly two transformer legs.

7. transformer core (10, 20, 102) according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the connection of the core sections (31, 32, 33, 34) by means of overlapping / toothing (25, 26) of individual sheet metal layers (48-1, 48 -2, 48-3, 48-4, 48-5) and / or sheet metal layer regions (41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48) is provided.

8. transformer core (10, 20, 102) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each transformer leg at least one wound around a respective angular axis winding segment (111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 121, 122, 123, 124, 125, 126), the radially inner region of which is penetrated by the respective transformer limb, wherein the width (130, 132) of a respective winding segment (111, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 122, 123, 124, 125 , 126) corresponds to the respective spatial extent along its winding axis.

9. transformer core (10, 20, 102) according to claim 8, characterized in that the width (130, 132) of a respective winding segment (11 1, 112, 113, 114, 115, 116, 121, 122, 123, 124 , 125, 126) at least in sections in the direction of the central axis (14, 35, 104) of the transformer core (10, 20, 102) tapers.