WO2009135368A1 - 一种数据接收方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种数据接收方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009135368A1
WO2009135368A1 PCT/CN2008/072679 CN2008072679W WO2009135368A1 WO 2009135368 A1 WO2009135368 A1 WO 2009135368A1 CN 2008072679 W CN2008072679 W CN 2008072679W WO 2009135368 A1 WO2009135368 A1 WO 2009135368A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
file
information
slice
data
block
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PCT/CN2008/072679
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
许进
徐俊
李松
袁志锋
胡留军
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中兴通讯股份有限公司
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Priority to US12/991,045 priority Critical patent/US20110060959A1/en
Publication of WO2009135368A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009135368A1/zh

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Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0056Systems characterized by the type of code used
    • H04L1/0057Block codes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/03Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words
    • H03M13/05Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits
    • H03M13/11Error detection or forward error correction by redundancy in data representation, i.e. code words containing more digits than the source words using block codes, i.e. a predetermined number of check bits joined to a predetermined number of information bits using multiple parity bits
    • H03M13/1102Codes on graphs and decoding on graphs, e.g. low-density parity check [LDPC] codes
    • H03M13/1148Structural properties of the code parity-check or generator matrix
    • H03M13/1157Low-density generator matrices [LDGM]
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/29Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes
    • H03M13/2906Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes combining two or more codes or code structures, e.g. product codes, generalised product codes, concatenated codes, inner and outer codes using block codes
    • H03M13/2909Product codes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/37Decoding methods or techniques, not specific to the particular type of coding provided for in groups H03M13/03 - H03M13/35
    • H03M13/3761Decoding methods or techniques, not specific to the particular type of coding provided for in groups H03M13/03 - H03M13/35 using code combining, i.e. using combining of codeword portions which may have been transmitted separately, e.g. Digital Fountain codes, Raptor codes or Luby Transform [LT] codes
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/65Purpose and implementation aspects
    • H03M13/6522Intended application, e.g. transmission or communication standard
    • H03M13/65253GPP LTE including E-UTRA
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/65Purpose and implementation aspects
    • H03M13/6522Intended application, e.g. transmission or communication standard
    • H03M13/6552DVB-T2
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H03ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03MCODING; DECODING; CODE CONVERSION IN GENERAL
    • H03M13/00Coding, decoding or code conversion, for error detection or error correction; Coding theory basic assumptions; Coding bounds; Error probability evaluation methods; Channel models; Simulation or testing of codes
    • H03M13/65Purpose and implementation aspects
    • H03M13/6522Intended application, e.g. transmission or communication standard
    • H03M13/6555DVB-C2
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04LTRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/004Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received by using forward error control
    • H04L1/0041Arrangements at the transmitter end
    • H04L1/0043Realisations of complexity reduction techniques, e.g. use of look-up tables

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a data receiving method and device.
  • Data is split into packets for transmission on the network/communication channel.
  • a network protocol or coding to provide an error correction mechanism.
  • TCP Transmission Control Protocol
  • the above error detection retransmission mechanism In this case, the packet needs to be forward error corrected (FEC) encoded before being sent.
  • FEC forward error corrected
  • the classic application layer FEC includes RS (Reed-Solomon) code and Fountain codes.
  • the compiled code of the RS code has a high complexity, and is generally only applicable when the code length is relatively small.
  • the LT (Luby Transform) code and the Raptor code are two practical digital fountain codes.
  • the LT code has a linear encoding and decoding time, which has an essential improvement over the RS code.
  • the Raptor code has higher decoding efficiency due to the use of precoding techniques.
  • Digital Fountain is used in 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project), Multimedia Broadcast I Multicast Service (MBMS) and Digital Video Broadcasting (DVB). (Digital Fountain)
  • MBMS Multimedia Broadcast I Multicast Service
  • DVD Digital Video Broadcasting
  • the company's Raptor code is used as its FEC encoding scheme.
  • the code is called the system code.
  • the process of encoding is the process of generating N-bit code length from K information bits, and the purpose of error detection and error correction is achieved by adding N-K check bits.
  • the LT code does not support the coding of the system code, so it is difficult to meet some actual FEC coding requirements; the Raptor code supports the system code, but requires a separate precoding process, that is, a precoding matrix is required, so the coding complexity is high.
  • LDGC Low Density Generator Matrix Codes
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an LDGC generation matrix.
  • the transposed G of the generation matrix of the LDGC "the square matrix corresponding to the first L row in the dge is usually an upper triangular or lower triangular matrix, and the matrix inversion can be completed by an iterative method.
  • the X, y in the y can be 0.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the corresponding erasing operation of the LDGC generation matrix according to the erasure condition of the received codeword during decoding.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, and to provide a data receiving method and apparatus for improving data transmission efficiency and speeding up processing speed such as data decoding.
  • the present invention provides a data receiving method, and the data receiving end performs the following processing on each file block received:
  • A performing forward error correction decoding on the Tb to-be-decoded bit sequences of the file block to obtain Tb decoded information bit sequences of length K;
  • the i-th to-be-decoded bit sequence is composed of each un-erased information file of the file block.
  • the mth decoded information file slice is sequentially composed of the mth bits in the Tb decoded information bit sequence in the order of the information bit sequence;
  • the data receiving end acquires the un-erased information file piece and the verification file piece from the transmission package; the transmission package includes a file piece serial number; in the same file block, the information file piece corresponds to the file piece.
  • the serial number is smaller than the file serial number corresponding to the verification file piece;
  • the data receiving end determines the order of the information file piece and the verification file piece according to the file piece number.
  • the transport packet further includes a file block serial number
  • the data receiving end deletes P padding bits from the last file slice of the last file block
  • the forward error correction decoding uses LDGC
  • the algorithm further includes the following steps before performing the forward error correction decoding:
  • A1 The data receiving end deletes the corresponding row of the transposition G " dg£ " of the LDGC generation matrix according to the file fragment number of the information file slice and the verification file slice erased in the file block, and generates G e ;
  • step A the forward error correction decoding is performed on the bit sequence to be decoded using G e .
  • the present invention also provides a data receiving apparatus, the apparatus comprising a receiving unit, a decoding unit, and a data combining unit; wherein:
  • the decoding bit sequence is sequentially composed of the ith bit in each unsecured information file slice and the verification file slice of the file block in the order of the information file slice and the check file slice;
  • the decoding unit is configured to perform forward error correction decoding on the Tb to-be-decoded bit sequences of the file block output by the receiving unit, and output Tb decoded information bit sequences of length K;
  • the original file data of the file block wherein the mth decoded information file slice is sequentially composed of the mth bits in the Tb decoded information bit sequence in the order of the information bit sequence ;
  • the receiving unit acquires the un-erased information file piece and the verification file piece from the transmission package; the transmission package includes a file piece serial number; in the same file block, the file piece number corresponding to the information file piece Less than the file slice number corresponding to the verification file slice;
  • the receiving unit determines the order of the information file piece and the verification file piece according to the file piece number.
  • the transport packet further includes a file block serial number; and the original file data is generated according to the sequential combination.
  • the data combining unit is further configured to delete P padding bits from the last file slice of the last file block;
  • the decoding unit further generates G e according to the erased information line in the file block before performing the forward error correction decoding, and performs the forward correction on the to-be-decoded bit sequence by using G e Wrong decoding.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an LDGC generation matrix
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a corresponding erasing operation of the LDGC generation matrix according to the erasure condition of the received codeword during decoding;
  • Figure 3 is a flow chart of a data transmission method
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of FEC encoding each information file in a file block
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission packet according to the present invention
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a data receiving method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a data receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. Preferred embodiment of the invention
  • the basic idea of the present invention is: at the transmitting end of the data: dividing the data into pieces of information files of a fixed length, and performing FEC encoding on the information bit sequence composed of bits of the same position in the plurality of information file slices to generate a verification file piece, The information file and the verification file are encapsulated in a data packet for transmission; at the receiving end of the data: a bit sequence composed of bits of the same position in the plurality of file slices is decoded to generate an information file, and the information file is followed. The block number and the slice number are sequentially combined to generate original file data.
  • FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a data transmission method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, the method includes
  • the length of the file data is F bytes, and the length of the information file is T bytes, then the file to be sent .
  • the file data is divided into 20,000 pieces of information.
  • each file block in the first two file blocks contains 6667 information files, and the last file block contains 6666 information files.
  • the main purpose of the method of assigning such information files is to avoid that there are few pieces of information files contained in the last file block. Since the present invention extracts a corresponding number of bits from the file block for encoding according to the number of information file slices contained in the file block in the subsequent step. The smaller the coded codeword is, the worse the effect of encoding and decoding is. Therefore, the number of information files included in the file block is too small, that is, the efficiency of encoding and decoding is too low.
  • T K information file sheet obtained above calculation, the number of sheet information file and the file block number of Z K file included in the block according to the data file to be transmitted is divided into a continuous length of T T K bytes Information file slice; and each information file piece is grouped in sequence, and divided into Z file blocks.
  • the above Z file blocks include a file length block and z s file file blocks.
  • the file long block contains K L pieces of information files, and the file short block contains K s pieces of information files.
  • each information file in each file block needs to be assigned a unique Data Segment Index (DSI) within the file block.
  • DSI is a positive integer.
  • the first information file of a file block has a DSI of 0, a second of 1, and so on.
  • the length of the above information bit sequence is the same as the number of information file slices included in the file block. That is: for a file long block, the length of each information bit sequence is K L ; for a short file block, the length of each information bit sequence is K s .
  • the M value may also be different because the length of the information bit sequence may be different.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic illustration of FEC encoding of each piece of information in a file block using the method of the present invention.
  • the file block contains multiple pieces of information files and check files.
  • each file block contains 8 ⁇ information bit sequences and check bit sequences.
  • the FEC encoding algorithm uses a system code, such as LDGC, that is, for an information bit sequence of length K bits, the first K bits of the codeword generated after encoding are the same as the information bit sequence, that is, one code.
  • the word consists of one information bit sequence and one parity bit sequence.
  • each information file and the verification file are sequentially encapsulated and transmitted in the transmission package.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission packet according to the present invention. As shown in Figure 5, the transport packet consists of a packet header (HDR) and a payload (payload).
  • HDR packet header
  • payload payload
  • the header contains: resource identifier, file block number (SBN), file number (DSI), and update sequence number.
  • the resource identifier is used to identify the data transmitted in the transport packet (information file or check file)
  • the file block number is used to identify the serial number of the file block to which the data (information file or verification file) transmitted in the transport packet belongs.
  • the file serial number is the serial number of the information file slice or the verification file slice transmitted in the transport packet.
  • the update sequence number is the version number of the file/resource to which the data (information file or verification file) transmitted in the transport packet belongs.
  • the file serial number field is the DSI of the first file slice contained in the transport packet.
  • transport packets There are two types of transport packets: information transmission package and school 3 full transmission package.
  • the payload portion of the information transmission packet is only the information file slice; the payload portion of the verification transport packet is only the verification file slice. Therefore, the DSI of the information transmission packet should be less than K, or KL (corresponding to a long file block) or K s (corresponding to a short file block); the DSI of the school insurance transport packet should be greater than or equal to K, or K L (corresponding to long File block), or K s (corresponds to a short file block).
  • P 512 is the size of the payload of the largest transport packet
  • the present invention divides the file data into pieces of information files of the same size, and performs FEC encoding on the bits of the same information file slice in the same file block; therefore, during the transmission process, any The loss (erasure) of an information file slice only affects one bit of the codeword used by the receiver for decoding; and the decoding matrix used for decoding (for example, LDGC generation matrix) can be used for 8 ⁇ ⁇ codewords. Performing the same row erasure, inversion matrix, and the like greatly reduces the decoding workload at the receiving end. At the same time, since the loss of one information file piece does not cause a large amount of information loss (erasing) of the code word at the receiving end, the success rate of decoding and the reliability of data transmission are greatly improved.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a data receiving method according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, the method includes the following steps:
  • the receiving end unpacks the received transport packet (including: the information transmission packet and the verification transport packet), and obtains each information file piece and the verification file piece;
  • the package structure of the transport packet is shown in Figure 5. The specific meaning of each field is as described above.
  • the unserased file segments (referred to as unerased file segments) in the same file block are sequentially arranged according to the size of the photo sequence, and the verification file is placed after the information file slice, as shown in FIG. 7; According to the file slice number of the erased file slice, the corresponding row in G " dg c is erased to obtain an erase generation matrix G e ;
  • the slice is erased by es, the slice number is
  • the verification file slice is erased by ep, the slice number is DSI v+0 , DSI v+ i, ... , DSI v+ep- i; then the order of the file segments after the arrangement is:
  • the length of the decoded information bit sequence is K, and the number of decoded information file slices is ⁇ .
  • the ith bit sequence of each un-erased file slice in each file block is sequentially decoded (in the order of the file slice), and the ith information bit sequence is generated, and the information is generated.
  • the mth bit of the bit sequence is placed in the i-th bit position of the mth information file slice after the file block is decoded;
  • the sending end adds a padding bit to the file (ie, a padding bit in the last file slice of the last file block of the file data to be sent), and the receiving end generates the original file data and then the corresponding position.
  • the padding bits are removed.
  • the number of padding bits can be determined by the following method:
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a data receiving apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 8, the apparatus includes: a receiving unit, a decoding unit, and a data combining unit. among them:
  • a receiving unit configured to receive a transport packet, obtain an unsecured information file slice and a check file slice from the transport packet; determine an order of the information file slice and the check file slice according to the file slice number in the transport package; and output Tb bits of the file block to be decoded;
  • Decoding to error correction outputting Tb lengths of decoded information bit sequences of length K of the file block; the forward error correction decoding may use an LDGC algorithm, and the decoding unit performs the forward error correction translation code before further delete the file according to the file sheet number erased block information file segments and check file segments transposed G "£ DG LDGC generator matrix corresponding row, generating G E; G E, using the The bit sequence to be decoded performs the forward error correction decoding.
  • a data combining unit configured to decode the information ratio of the Tb lengths K from the file block
  • the K decoded information file pieces are sequentially extracted in the special sequence, and are sequentially combined to generate the original file data of the file block to be sequentially combined to generate original file data.
  • the data combining unit also deletes P padding bits from the last file slice of the last file block;

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Description

一种数据接收方法及装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种数据接收方法及装置。
背景技术
数据在网络 /通信信道上被分割成数据包进行传输。 为了提高数据传输的 可靠性, 通常需要利用网络协议或编码来提供纠错机制。 例如, 数据在因特 网上传输时,需要利用传输控制协议( Transmission Control Protocol,简称 TCP ) 提供的检错重发机制进行数据的可靠传输, 即当检测到数据包丟失时通知发 送方重新发送。
但是, 在多媒体广播信道中传输数据时, 由于使用单向信道, 并且数据 是釆用一对多的广播 /多播方式发送, 不允许接收端向发送端反馈数据包丟失 和出错信息, 无法使用上述检错重发机制。 在这种情况下, 数据包在发送前 需要进行前向纠错(Forward Error Correction , 简称 FEC )编码。 经典的应 用层 FEC包括 RS ( Reed-Solomon, 里德.所罗门)码和数字喷泉码 ( Fountain codes )等。 RS码的编译码复杂度较高, 一般只适用于码长比较小的情况。 LT ( Luby Transform, 陆柏变换 )码和 Raptor (瑞普特)码是两种可实际应用 的数字喷泉码。 LT码具有线性的编码和译码时间, 相对于 RS码有着本质的 提高;而 Raptor码由于釆用了预编码技术,因此具有更高的译码效率。在 3GPP ( 3rd Generation Partnership Project, 第三代合作伙伴计划) 的组播广播多媒 体业务( Multimedia Broadcast I Multicast Service, 简称 MBMS ) 以及数字视 频广播( Digital Video Broadcasting, 简称 DVB ) 中都釆用了 Digital Fountain (数字喷泉 )公司的 Raptor码作为其 FEC编码方案。
若编码后码字的前 K位与信息位相同, 则称该码为系统码。 编码的过程 就是由 K个信息位生成 N位码长的过程,通过增加 N-K个校验位来达到检错 和纠错的目的。 LT码不支持系统码的编码方式, 因此难以满足某些实际的 FEC编码需求; Raptor码支持系统码, 但是需要单独的预编码过程, 即需要 一个预编码矩阵, 因此编码的复杂度较高。
1 180800504 由于上述编码方法的缺点, 因此引入了 LDGC ( Low Density Generator Matrix Codes, 低密度生成矩阵码)。 LDGC是一种线性分组码, 其生成矩阵 (编码矩阵)中的非零元素通常是稀疏的, 同时, LDGC码还是一种系统码。
图 1是 LDGC生成矩阵的示意图。 如图 1所示, LDGC的生成矩阵的转 置 G「dge中的前 L行对应的方阵通常是一个上三角或下三角矩阵, 该矩阵求逆 可以通过迭代的方法完成。 其中, 图 1中的 X, y可以为 0。
图 2是译码时根据接收码字的擦除情况对 LDGC生成矩阵进行相应的擦 除操作的示意图。
如图 2所示, 若数据在传输时出现错误(称作数据被擦除) , 接收端在 使用 G「dge进行译码前需要对 G「dge进行相应的擦除操作。即假设 N比特长度的 序列 R ( , ,…… rN-i ) 中的符号: r1 + i , · . . , τ1+Χ\}^{τ} , rJ + 1 , · .. , rJ+X2} 被信道擦除掉, 则<¾^中的第 {i, i+1 , ...i+Xl }行和第 {j , j+1 , . . .j+X2}行也 需要被擦除,得到擦除生成矩阵 Ge。注意到,对于相同的数据丟失 /差错情况, Ge是相同的。
现有技术中, 使用 LDGC等 FEC编码、 译码方法进行数据传输时, 发送 方对数据包进行 FEC编码, 接收方根据每一数据包的传输情况生成对应的擦 除生成矩阵 Ge,并使用 Ge对该数据包进行译码。这种数据接收方法的效率较 低, 并且在数据包中数据差错过多时无法进行有效的译码, 只能将整个数据 包丟弃, 在网络 /信道条件较差时, 数据的传输效率大大降低。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是, 克服现有技术的不足, 提出一种提高数 据传输效率, 加快数据译码等处理速度的数据接收方法及装置。
为了解决上述问题, 本发明提供一种数据接收方法, 数据接收端对接收 到的各文件块进行如下处理:
A: 对文件块的 Tb个待译码比特序列分别进行前向纠错译码, 得到 Tb 个长度为 K的译码后的信息比特序列;
其中, 第 i个待译码比特序列由该文件块的每一未被擦除的信息文件片
2 180800504 和校验文件片中的第 i个比特按照信息文件片和校验文件片的顺序依序组成;
B: 将文件块的 K个译码后的信息文件片依序组合生成该文件块的原始 文件数据;
其中, 第 m个所述译码后的信息文件片由所述 Tb个译码后的信息比特 序列中的第 m个比特按照信息比特序列的顺序依序组成;
i = l,....,Tb; m=l,...,K;所述信息文件片和校验文件片的长度为 Tb比特。 此外, 所述数据接收端从传输包中获取所述未被擦除的信息文件片和校 验文件片; 所述传输包中包含文件片序号; 同一文件块中, 信息文件片对应 的文件片序号小于校验文件片对应的文件片序号;
所述数据接收端根据所述文件片序号确定所述信息文件片和校验文件片 的顺序。
此外, 所述传输包中还包含文件块序号;
完成所述文件块的处理后还包含如下步骤: 组合, 生成原始文件数据。
此外, 若 F/T不是整数, 则所述数据接收端从最后一个文件块的最后一 个文件片中删除 P个填充比特;
其中, P=8 X ( T X Kt - F ); F为所述数据的总字节长度, Kt =「%] , T=Tb/8。 此外,所述前向纠错译码釆用 LDGC算法,在进行所述前向纠错译码前, 还包含如下步骤:
A1 : 所述数据接收端根据文件块中被擦除的信息文件片和校验文件片的 文件片序号删除 LDGC生成矩阵的转置 G「dg£的对应行, 生成 Ge;
步骤 A中, 使用 Ge对所述待译码比特序列进行所述前向纠错译码。
本发明还提供一种数据接收装置, 该装置包含接收单元, 译码单元, 数 据组合单元; 其中:
3 180800504 译码比特序列由该文件块的每一未被擦除的信息文件片和校验文件片中的第 i个比特按照信息文件片和校验文件片的顺序依序组成;
所述译码单元用于对所述接收单元输出的所述文件块的 Tb个待译码比 特序列分别进行前向纠错译码, 输出 Tb个长度为 K的译码后的信息比特序 列; 成该文件块的原始文件数据; 其中, 第 m个所述译码后的信息文件片由所述 Tb个译码后的信息比特序列中的第 m个比特按照信息比特序列的顺序依序 组成;
i = l,....,Tb; m=l,...,K;所述信息文件片和校验文件片的长度为 Tb比特。 此外, 所述接收单元从传输包中获取所述未被擦除的信息文件片和校验 文件片; 所述传输包中包含文件片序号; 同一文件块中, 信息文件片对应的 文件片序号小于校验文件片对应的文件片序号;
所述接收单元根据所述文件片序号确定所述信息文件片和校验文件片的 顺序。
此外, 所述传输包中还包含文件块序号; 据依序组合, 生成原始文件数据。
此外, 若 F/T不是整数, 则所述数据组合单元还用于从最后一个文件块 的最后一个文件片中删除 P个填充比特;
其中, P=8 X ( T X Kt - F ); F为所述数据的总字节长度, Kt = T , T=Tb/8c 此外, 所述前向纠错译码釆用 LDGC算法;
所述译码单元在进行所述前向纠错译码前, 还根据文件块中被擦除的信 行, 生成 Ge; 并使用 Ge对所述待译码比特序列进行所述前向纠错译码。
4 180800504 大大减少接收端的译码工作量; 此外, 由于一个数据包 /信息文件片的丟失 不会造成接收端码字的大量信息丟失(擦除) , 译码的成功率、 数据传输的 可靠性大幅提高。 附图概述
图 1是 LDGC生成矩阵的示意图;
图 2是译码时根据接收码字的擦除情况对 LDGC生成矩阵进行相应的擦 除操作的示意图;
图 3是一种数据传输方法流程图;
图 4为一种对文件块中的各信息文件片进行 FEC编码的示意图; 图 5为本发明的传输包结构示意图;
图 6为本发明实施例数据接收方法流程图;
图 8是本发明实施例数据接收装置示意图。 本发明的较佳实施方式
本发明的基本思路是, 在数据的发送端: 将数据分割成固定长度的信息 文件片, 将多个信息文件片中相同位置的比特组成的信息比特序列进行 FEC 编码生成校验文件片后,将各信息文件片和校验文件片封装在数据包中传输; 在数据的接收端: 将多个文件片中相同位置的比特组成的比特序列进行译码 生成信息文件片后, 按照信息文件片的块序号和片序号大小依序组合, 生成 原始文件数据。
下面将结合附图和实施例对釆用本发明上述思路的数据传输方法, 以及 对应的数据接收方法及装置进行详细描述。
图 3是本发明实施例数据传输方法流程图。 如图 3所示, 该方法包含如
5 180800504 下步骤:
101: 根据待发送的文件数据(也称为原始文件数据)的长度, 计算信息 文件片的个数;
文件数据的长度为 F字节, 信息文件片的长度为 T字节, 则待发送文件
Figure imgf000008_0001
。 其中, 「 表示向上取整运算£ 若 F/T不是整数, 则需要对最后一个信息文件片进行填充 t
例如, F=10240000字节, T = 512字节, 则:
即, 文件数据被分为 20000个信息文
Figure imgf000008_0002
件片
102: 根据 FEC编码器所允许的信息比特序列的最大长度及信息文件片 的个数计算文件块的个数;
FEC编码器所允许的信息比特序列的最大长度为 Kmax, Kmax—般不超过 8192比特, 则文件块的个数2 =
Figure imgf000008_0003
根据上例, 若 Kmmaaxx=8000 比特, 则一个文件数据分成的文件块数
Figure imgf000008_0004
103: 根据文件块的个数, 计算每个文件块中包含的信息文件片个数 K; 将文件数据分成 z = z£+zs个文件块。 其中, 在前 ζ£个文件块中, 每个文 件块包含 K=^=「Kt/Zl个信息文件片, 称为文件长块; 在后 个文件块中, 每个文件块包含 = = 1^/2」个信息文件片, 称为文件短块。 其中, 」表 示向下取整运算。
上述 ZL, zs釆用如下公式计算:
^KL >KS, 则, zL=^~K^xZ^K _K y 若 KL =KS, 则, ZL =Z ; S= _ L。 根据上例, Kt = 20000时:
=「 /Ζ,=「20000/ 3, =6667个信息文件片;
6 180800504 =L /Z」= 20000 / 3」 =6666个信息文件片;
z = {Kt -Ks Z)/ =(20000-6666x3)/(6667-6666)=2;
Zs = Z _ Z£ =3_2=1。
即, 前 2个文件块中每个文件块包含 6667个信息文件片, 最后一个文件 块包含 6666个信息文件片。
釆用这种信息文件片的分配方法的主要目的是, 避免最后一个文件块中 包含的信息文件片很少。 由于本发明在后续步骤中, 根据文件块中包含的信 息文件片的个数, 从文件块中取出相应个数的比特进行编码。 编码的码字越 小, 编码、 译码的效果越差, 因此避免文件块中包含的信息文件片个数过小, 就是避免编码、 译码的效率过低。
当然, 若 Kt/Kmax为整数(即 Kt/Z为整数), 则每个文件块中包含相同的 信息文件片数 K = Kmax, 无需区分文件长块和文件短块。
104: 根据上述计算得到的信息文件片的个数 Kt, 文件块个数 Z和文件 块中包含的信息文件片数 K, 将待发送文件数据连续分割成 Kt个长度为 T字 节的信息文件片; 并依序将各信息文件片进行分组, 划分成 Z个文件块。
若 Kt/Kmax不是整数; 上述 Z个文件块中包含 个文件长块和 zs个文件 短块。 文件长块中包含 KL个信息文件片, 文件短块中包含 Ks个信息文件片。
此外, 还需要为各文件块中的每个信息文件片分配一个在文件块内唯一 的文件片序号 (Data Segment Index, 简称 DSI ) 。 其中, DSI是正整数。
例如某个文件块的第一个信息文件片的 DSI为 0,第二个为 1 ,依次类推。
105:对每个文件块中各信息文件片的相同位置的比特组成的信息比特序 列进行 FEC编码, 生成校验比特序列; 并将校验比特序列的各比特依次放入 校验文件片的相同位置;
对每个文件块中各信息文件片的第 j 个比特所组成的信息比特序列进行 FEC编码, 生成第 j个校验比特序列, 将该校验比特序列的第 m个比特放入
7 180800504 该文件块的第 m个校验文件片的第 j个比特位置;
上述 j = l , 2 , Tb; m=l , . . . , Μ; Μ为校验比特序列的长度。
上述信息比特序列的长度与文件块中包含的信息文件片的个数 Κ相同。 即: 对于文件长块, 各信息比特序列的长度为 KL; 对于文件短块, 各信息比 特序列的长度为 Ks
对于不同的文件块, 由于信息比特序列的长度可能不同, 因此 M值也可 能不同。
图 4为釆用本发明的方法对文件块中的各信息文件片进行 FEC编码的示 意图。
如图 4所示, 文件块中包含多个信息文件片和校验文件片。 每个信息文 件片包含 Tb = 8 X T比特, 每个文件片中位置相同的比特组成信息比特序列; 对每个信息比特序列进行 FEC编码生成校验比特序列。
因此,每个文件块包含 8 χ Τ个信息比特序列和校验比特序列。信息比特 序列的长度为 K比特, 若 Kt/Kmax不是整数, K = KL或 Ks; 校验比特序列的 长度与信息比特序列的长度和 FEC编码算法有关。
本实施例中, FEC编码算法釆用系统码, 例如 LDGC , 即对于长度为 K 比特的信息比特序列, 编码后生成的码字的前 K比特与信息比特序列相同, 也就是说, 1个码字由 1个信息比特序列和 1个校验比特序列组成。
106: 对文件块中的信息文件片的各比特编码完成后,依序将各信息文件 片和校验文件片封装在传输包中传输。
图 5为本发明的传输包结构示意图。 如图 5所示, 传输包由包头(HDR ) 和有效载荷(payload ) 两部分组成。
包头中包含: 资源标识, 文件块序号(SBN ) , 文件片序号(DSI ) , 以 及更新序号。
资源标识用于标识该传输包中传输的数据(信息文件片或校验文件片)
8 180800504 所属的文件 /资源。
文件块序号用于标识该传输包中传输的数据(信息文件片或校验文件片 ) 所属的文件块的序号。
文件片序号为该传输包中传输的信息文件片或校验文件片的序号。
更新序号为该传输包中传输的数据(信息文件片或校验文件片)所属的 文件 /资源的版本号。
若 1个传输包中包含多个文件片, 则文件片序号字段为该传输包中包含 的第 1个文件片的 DSI。
传输包分为两类: 信息传输包和校 3全传输包。
信息传输包的净荷部分只有信息文件片; 校验传输包的净荷部分只有校 验文件片。 因此, 信息传输包的 DSI应该小于 K, 或 KL (对应于长文件块) 或 Ks (对应于短文件块); 校险传输包的 DSI应该大于或等于 K, 或 KL (对 应于长文件块) , 或 Ks (对应于短文件块) 。
每个传输包的净荷部分可包含 G个文件片, G的大小通过下式确定: G = min{ P/T , Gmax};
其中 P是最大传输包的净荷的大小, 0„^是传输包中所能允许的最大文 件片个数, 文件片的长度为 T字节。
例如, P=512是最大传输包的净荷的大小, Gmax=10是传输包中所能允许 的最大文件片个数。 传输包净荷部分包含 G=min{P/T, Gmax}=min{ l,10}=l个 文件片。
综上所述, 本发明将文件数据分割成大小相同的信息文件片, 并对分在 同一个文件块的信息文件片的位置相同的各比特分别进行 FEC编码; 因此, 在传输过程中, 任何一个信息文件片的丟失(擦除)都仅影响接收端译码所 使用的码字的一个比特; 并且译码所使用的译码矩阵 (例如 LDGC生成矩阵) 对于 8 χ Τ个码字, 可进行相同的行擦除、 求逆矩阵等操作, 大大减少了接收 端的译码工作量。 同时, 由于一个信息文件片的丟失不会造成接收端码字的 大量信息丟失(擦除) , 译码的成功率、 数据传输的可靠性大幅提高。
9 180800504 图 6是本发明实施例数据接收方法流程图; 如图 6所示, 该方法包含如 下步骤:
201 : 接收端将接收到的传输包(包括: 信息传输包和校验传输包)解封 装, 得到各信息文件片和校验文件片;
传输包的封装结构如图 5所示, 各字段的具体含义如上所述。
202: 将同一文件块中未被擦除的文件片 (简称未擦除文件片)按照片序 号的大小依序排列, 校验文件片放在信息文件片之后, 如图 7所示; 同时, 根据被擦除的文件片的文件片序号, 对 G「dgc中的相应行进行擦除处理, 得到 擦除生成矩阵 Ge;
例如, 当前文件块内有 N个文件片, 其中信息文件片有 K个, 其文件片 序号分别 文件片有 p ( p=N - K )个, 其文件片序 号分别为 传输过程中,信息文件片被擦除了 es个, 片序号为
Figure imgf000012_0001
; 校验文件片被擦除了 ep 个, 片序号为 DSIv+0,DSIv+i, ... ,DSIv+ep-i; 则排列后的文件片顺序为:
DSIo, DSl!,...DSIu-1, DSIu+es, DSIu+es+1,...,DSIK, DSIK+1,...DSIV DSIv+ep,
DSIv+ep+i, ... , DSIN-I。
203: 分别从同一文件块中各未擦除文件片(包括信息文件片和校验文件 片)的相同位置取出 1比特组成 Tb = 8 X T个待译码比特序列,各待译码比特 序列的长度为 N - es - ep;
204: 使用 Ge对各待译码比特序列进行 FEC译码, 得到 Tb个译码后的 信息比特序列; 并将译码后的信息比特序列中的各比特依序放入各信息文件 片中相应的位置, 生成译码后的信息文件片;
其中, 译码后的信息比特序列长度为 K, 译码后的信息文件片的个数为 κ。
例如, 对每一文件块中各未擦除文件片的第 i个比特依序 (按照文件片 的顺序)组成的待译码比特序列进行译码, 生成第 i个信息比特序列, 将该 信息比特序列的第 m个比特放入该文件块译码后的第 m个信息文件片的第 i 个比特位置;
10 180800504 上述 i = l , 2, Tb; m=l , 2, K; K为译码后信息比特序列的 长度。
205: 将各译码后的信息文件片按照文件块序号和文件片序号依序组合 (即数据拼接) , 生成原始文件数据(即数据的发送端发送的文件数据) ; 进行上述组合时, 优先按信息文件片的文件块序号排序, 文件块序号相 同的, 按文件片序号排序。
206: 若 F/T不是整数, 发送端为文件添加了填充比特(即待发送文件数 据的最后一个文件块的最后一个文件片中的填充比特) , 则接收端生成原始 文件数据后将相应位置的填充比特删除。
填充比特的数目可以釆用如下方法确定:
根据待接收文件数据的字节长度 F和信息文件片的总数 Kt, 计算填充比 特数 P: P=8 x ( T x Kt - F ) ; 其中, T是每个文件片的长度, 单位为字节。
图 8是本发明实施例数据接收装置示意图。 如图 8所示, 该装置包含: 接收单元, 译码单元, 数据组合单元。 其中:
接收单元, 用于接收传输包, 从传输包中获取未被擦除的信息文件片和 校验文件片; 根据传输包中的文件片序号确定信息文件片和校验文件片的顺 序; 并输出文件块的 Tb个待译码比特序列;
其中, 第 i个待译码比特序列由该文件块的每一未被擦除的信息文件片 和校验文件片中的第 i个比特按照信息文件片和校验文件片的顺序依序组成; i = l,....,Tb。 向纠错译码, 输出该文件块的 Tb个长度为 K的译码后的信息比特序列; 上述前向纠错译码可以釆用 LDGC算法, 译码单元在进行所述前向纠错 译码前, 还根据文件块中被擦除的信息文件片和校验文件片的文件片序号删 除 LDGC生成矩阵的转置 G「dg£的对应行, 生成 Ge; 并使用 Ge对所述待译码 比特序列进行所述前向纠错译码。
数据组合单元, 用于从文件块的所述 Tb个长度为 K的译码后的信息比
11 180800504 特序列中依序提取 K个译码后的信息文件片, 并将其依序组合生成该文件块 原始文件数据依序组合, 生成原始文件数据。
其中, 第 m个所述译码后的信息文件片由所述 Tb个译码后的信息比特 序列中的第 m个比特按照信息比特序列的顺序依序组成; m=l,...,K。
此外, 若 F/T不是整数, 则数据组合单元还从最后一个文件块的最后一 个文件片中删除 P个填充比特;
其中, P=8 X ( T X Kt - F ); F为所述数据的总字节长度, Kt = T , T=Tb/8c
工业实用性 收端的译码工作量; 此外, 由于一个数据包 /信息文件片的丟失不会造成接 收端码字的大量信息丟失(擦除) , 译码的成功率、 数据传输的可靠性大幅 提高。
12 180800504

Claims

权 利 要 求 书
1、 一种数据接收方法,其特征在于,数据接收端对接收到的各文件块进 行如下处理:
A: 对文件块的 Tb个待译码比特序列分别进行前向纠错译码, 得到 Tb 个长度为 K的译码后的信息比特序列;
其中, 第 i个待译码比特序列由该文件块的每一未被擦除的信息文件片 和校验文件片中的第 i个比特按照信息文件片和校验文件片的顺序依序组成;
B: 将文件块的 K个译码后的信息文件片依序组合生成该文件块的原始 文件数据;
其中, 第 m个所述译码后的信息文件片由所述 Tb个译码后的信息比特 序列中的第 m个比特按照信息比特序列的顺序依序组成;
i = l,....,Tb; m=l,...,K;所述信息文件片和校验文件片的长度为 Tb比特。
2、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于,
所述数据接收端从传输包中获取所述未被擦除的信息文件片和校验文件 片; 所述传输包中包含文件片序号; 同一文件块中, 信息文件片对应的文件 片序号小于校验文件片对应的文件片序号;
所述数据接收端根据所述文件片序号确定所述信息文件片和校验文件片 的顺序。
3、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于,
所述传输包中还包含文件块序号;
完成所述文件块的处理后还包含如下步骤: 组合, 生成原始文件数据。
4、 如权利要求 1所述的方法, 其特征在于,
若 F/T不是整数, 则所述数据接收端从最后一个文件块的最后一个文件
13 180800504 片中删除 P个填充比特;
其中, P=8 X ( T X Kt - F ); F为所述数据的总字节长度, Kt = T , T=Tb/8c
5、 如权利要求 2所述的方法, 其特征在于,
所述前向纠错译码釆用 LDGC算法, 在进行所述前向纠错译码前, 还包 含如下步骤:
A1 : 所述数据接收端根据文件块中被擦除的信息文件片和校验文件片的 文件片序号删除 LDGC生成矩阵的转置 G「dg£的对应行, 生成 Ge;
步骤 A中, 使用 Ge对所述待译码比特序列进行所述前向纠错译码。
6、 一种数据接收装置, 其特征在于, 该装置包含接收单元, 译码单元, 数据组合单元; 其中: 译码比特序列由该文件块的每一未被擦除的信息文件片和校验文件片中的第 i个比特按照信息文件片和校验文件片的顺序依序组成;
所述译码单元用于对所述接收单元输出的所述文件块的 Tb个待译码比 特序列分别进行前向纠错译码, 输出 Tb个长度为 K的译码后的信息比特序 歹 |J ; 成该文件块的原始文件数据; 其中, 第 m个所述译码后的信息文件片由所述 Tb个译码后的信息比特序列中的第 m个比特按照信息比特序列的顺序依序 组成;
i = l,....,Tb; m=l,...,K;所述信息文件片和校验文件片的长度为 Tb比特。
7、 如权利要求 6所述的装置, 其特征在于,
所述接收单元从传输包中获取所述未被擦除的信息文件片和校验文件 片; 所述传输包中包含文件片序号; 同一文件块中, 信息文件片对应的文件 片序号小于校验文件片对应的文件片序号;
所述接收单元根据所述文件片序号确定所述信息文件片和校验文件片的
14 180800504
8、 如权利要求 7所述的装置, 其特征在于
所述传输包中还包含文件块序号;
据依序组合, 生成原始文件数据。
9、 如权利要求 6所述的装置, 其特征在于,
若 F/T不是整数, 则所述数据组合单元还用于从最后一个文件块的最后 一个文件片中删除 P个填充比特;
其中, P=8 X ( T X Kt - F ); F为所述数据的总字节长度, Kt = 'T , T=Tb/8。
10、 如权利要求 7所述的装置, 其特征在于,
所述前向纠错译码釆用 LDGC算法;
、 、所述译 一单元在进行所述前向纠错译码前, 还根据文件块中被擦除的 行, 生成 Ge; 并使用 Ge对所述待译码比特序列进行所述前向纠错译码。
15 180800504
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