WO2009134770A1 - Appareil et procédé pour augmenter un rendement dans des installations de production d'électricité - Google Patents

Appareil et procédé pour augmenter un rendement dans des installations de production d'électricité Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009134770A1
WO2009134770A1 PCT/US2009/041933 US2009041933W WO2009134770A1 WO 2009134770 A1 WO2009134770 A1 WO 2009134770A1 US 2009041933 W US2009041933 W US 2009041933W WO 2009134770 A1 WO2009134770 A1 WO 2009134770A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
reactive power
adjustable speed
speed drive
power
controller
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2009/041933
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Jiuping Pan
Milovan Grbic
Dennis Kron
Lars Gertmar
Mikael Dahlgren
Original Assignee
Abb Research Ltd.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Abb Research Ltd. filed Critical Abb Research Ltd.
Publication of WO2009134770A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009134770A1/fr

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J11/00—Circuit arrangements for providing service supply to auxiliaries of stations in which electric power is generated, distributed or converted
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
    • H02J3/1892—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks the arrangements being an integral part of the load, e.g. a motor, or of its control circuit

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to electrical power generation plants, and more particularly to controlling reactive power consumption in auxiliaries of electrical power generation plants to increase efficiency.
  • BACKGROUND Thermal power generation plants remain one of the main means for generation of electricity, in e.g. fossil fuelled plants and nuclear plants. It is estimated that up to 8 to 10 percent of its generated power is consumed for its internal electric consumption in so-called auxiliary loads.
  • the auxiliary loads comprises e.g. fans, compressors, pumps, that are necessary for the operation of the plant, performing tasks such as feeding water, feeding air for combustion, transport of fuel and waste, etc .
  • An object of the present invention is to provide an apparatus and method to reduce the reactive power required for auxiliaries of a power generation plant.
  • an apparatus for reducing reactive power consumption of auxiliaries in an electrical power generation plant comprises: at least one adjustable speed drive with an associated auxiliary motor; at least one reactive power consuming auxiliary- device; at least one sensor for measuring reactive power,- and a controller.
  • the controller is connected to the at least one sensor and the at least one adjustable speed drive, for controlling the at least one adjustable speed drive such that a reactive power of the at least one adjustable speed drive at least partly compensates a reactive power consumed by the at least one reactive power consuming auxiliary device.
  • the at least one sensor may be configured to measure reactive power associated with the at least one adjustable speed drive and the at least one reactive power consuming auxiliary device. This allows for efficient control of the reactive power consumed by the auxiliaries as a whole.
  • the apparatus may further comprise a sensor for measuring a total supplied reactive power for the electrical power generation plant, wherein the controller may be configured to control the adjustable speed drive to contribute to a supplied reactive power of the electrical power generation plant to approach a desired supplied reactive power.
  • the adjustable speed drives can be controlled to assist in achieving an overall desired value of reactive power.
  • the at least one reactive power consuming auxiliary device may be a constant speed motor .
  • the at least one adjustable speed drive and the at least one reactive power consuming auxiliary device may be connected to an auxiliary power bus.
  • the auxiliary power bus may be connected to a main power line of the power generation plant via a power transformer, and the at least one sensor may comprise sensors for measuring voltage and current of at least one side of the power transformer.
  • Each of the at least one adjustable speed drive may comprise: a rectifier; an energy storage device connected to the rectifier; and an inverter connected to the energy storage device.
  • the controller is connected to the rectifier to control the reactive power produced by the adjustable speed drive.
  • the rectifier may comprise a voltage source converter.
  • the controller may be connected to the at least one sensor and the at least one adjustable speed drive via a data bus .
  • a second aspect of an embodiment of the invention is a method for reducing reactive power consumption of auxiliaries in an electrical power generation plant.
  • the method comprises the steps of: measuring reactive power,- and controlling at least one adjustable speed drive, with an associated auxiliary motor, such that a reactive power of the at least one adjustable speed drive at least partly compensates a reactive power consumed by at least one reactive power consuming auxiliary device of the power generation plant .
  • a third aspect of an embodiment of the invention is a computer program product comprising software instructions that, when executed in a controller of a power generation plant, performs the method according to the second aspect .
  • Fig 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of an embodiment of the present invention in an electrical power generation plant
  • Figs 2a-c are phasor diagrams illustrating how, in the embodiment of Fig 1, the reactive power in the auxiliaries can be eliminated.
  • Fig 1 is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of an embodiment of the present in an electrical power generation plant, typically a thermal power generation plant, e.g. a fossil fuel power plant or a nuclear power plant.
  • a main power generator 101 as known in the art, generates electricity from mechanical energy, e.g. from steam rotating a steam turbine.
  • a conventional main transformer 103 converts the electrical power from the main generator 101 to a voltage which is suitable for transmission .
  • An auxiliaries transformer 105 converts electrical power from the main generator 101 to a voltage which is suitable for auxiliary loads. This voltage is supplied on an auxiliary bus 106.
  • the auxiliary loads comprises e.g. fans, compressors, pumps, that are necessary for the operation of the plant, performing tasks such as feeding water, feeding air for combustion, transport of fuel and waste, etc.
  • each adjustable speed drive 109a-z comprises a rectifier llla-z, a storage device 113a-z, such as a capacitor and an inverter 115a-z.
  • the rectifiers llla-z can comprise a voltage source converter.
  • Figs 2a-c are phasor diagrams illustrating how, in the embodiment of Fig 1, the reactive power in the auxiliaries can be eliminated.
  • Fig 2a the phasor diagram shows the apparent power consumed by one or more constant speed drive motors 107a- z (Fig 1) .
  • P c represents the active power consumed
  • Q c represents the reactive power consumed, due to e.g. the coils in the motors.
  • S c represents the resulting apparent power.
  • Fig 2b the phasor diagram shows the apparent power associated with one or more rectifiers llla-z in adjustable speed drives 109a-z, controlled to compensate for the reactive power of the constant speed drive motors 107a-z.
  • P A represents the active power consumed
  • Q A represents the reactive power
  • S A represents the resulting apparent power, but in this case relating to the one or more adjustable speed drives 109a- z.
  • Q A has the same length as Q c , but is opposite in direction.
  • Fig 2c shows the combined power consumption for the constant speed drive motors 107a- z and the motors with adjustable speed drives 109a-z.
  • Q A and Qc are identical but of opposite direction, when a vector addition is performed using S A and S c , the resulting vector S c+A is equal to P c+A .
  • the reactive power Q A eliminates the reactive power Q c .
  • Fig 2a-c there are two sensors 120a-b, each of which can measure the reactive power for all auxiliaries.
  • the sensors 120a-b can for example comprise a voltmeter, amperemeter and phase meter for deriving the reactive power.
  • the sensors 120a-b are comprised in a device 119 for protection of the auxiliaries transformer 105. It is to be noted that only one of the sensors 120a-b is needed to be able to measure the reactive power, not necessarily two sensors 120a-b as shown in Fig 1.
  • the sensors 120a-b provide a signal containing at least the reactive power consumed to a controller 125.
  • the controller 125 can comprise a commercially available CPU (Central Processing Unit) , DSP (Digital Signal Processor) or any other electronic programmable logic device.
  • the controller 125 may be an integrated unit or it may be distributed over several modules, wherein the distributed modules would communicate with each other as necessary.
  • the controller 125 can send a signal to the adjustable speed drives 109a-z to adjust the reactive power of these adjustable speed drives 109a- z, in order to reduce or eliminate reactive power consumed by the auxiliaries, as illustrated in Figs 2a-c. This operation is repeated to reach the desired level and to adjust to any changes in operating conditions.
  • the controller 125 is configured to reduce or eliminate the reactive power consumed by the auxiliaries.
  • other sensors can be arranged to provide signals containing a reactive power to the controller 125.
  • the sensors 124a-b can for example comprise a voltmeter, amperemeter and phase meter for deriving the reactive power.
  • the sensors 124a-b are comprised in a device 123 for protection of the main transformer 103.
  • the controller 125 can in this operating mode adjust the reactive power of the adjustable speed drives 109a-z to achieve, or approach, a desired reactive power of the entire power generating plant.
  • This desired reactive power could be a set value, either as commanded from a plant operator, either independently or as a result of a command from a transmission system operator.
  • the reactive power can be a result of desired voltage control of the power generating plant.
  • the control cycle is repeated to reach the desired state or to allow for any variations in operating conditions.
  • a second set of sensors 122a-b measures a reactive power of the main generator 101 and supplies this in a signal to the controller 125.
  • These sensors 122a-b can be embodied in a device 121 for protection of the main generator 101.
  • all sensors 120a-b, 122a-b, 124a-b are connected to the internal power buses using transformers, for added security.
  • all sensors 120a-b, 122a-b, 124a-b can communicate with controller 125 over a data bus 118, simplifying connection between sensors 120a-b, 122a-b, 124a-b and controller 125.
  • the signals from the controller to the adjustable speed drives 109a-z can be sent over the same data bus 118, or a different data bus (not shown) .
  • the adjustable speed drives 109a-z are dimensioned with enough spare capacity to potentially handle alert and emergency situations of the power generation plant and the adjacent power system. Moreover, although not an exceptional case per se, when disconnecting or significantly reducing a load from the power generation plant, the voltage will rise. This phenomenon is known as the generator load rejection and if this effect is expected, it is desired to select and dimension any adjustable speed drives 109a- z with this in mind. In particular, the rectifiers 109a-z interfacing the auxiliary bus 106 should have the correct specifications .
  • the present invention can be applied in power generation plants with three electrical phases, as well as any phase configuration, including one and two phases .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention porte sur un appareil pour réduire une consommation de puissance réactive d'auxiliaires dans une installation de production d'énergie électrique. L'appareil comprend : au moins une commande de vitesse ajustable avec un moteur associé ; au moins un dispositif auxiliaire consommant une puissance réactive ; au moins un détecteur pour mesurer une puissance réactive ; et un contrôleur. Le contrôleur est connecté à l'au moins un détecteur et à l'au moins une commande de vitesse ajustable, pour commander l'au moins une commande de vitesse ajustable de telle sorte qu'une puissance réactive de l'au moins une commande de vitesses ajustable compense au moins partiellement une puissance réactive consommée par l'au moins un dispositif auxiliaire consommant une puissance réactive. L'invention porte également sur un procédé et sur un programme d'ordinateur correspondants.
PCT/US2009/041933 2008-04-28 2009-04-28 Appareil et procédé pour augmenter un rendement dans des installations de production d'électricité WO2009134770A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US7141808P 2008-04-28 2008-04-28
US61/071,418 2008-04-28

Publications (1)

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WO2009134770A1 true WO2009134770A1 (fr) 2009-11-05

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014006239A1 (fr) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-09 Martinez Sanchez Daniel Procédé pour mesurer et corriger la consommation d'énergie réactive dans une ligne électrique et équipement pour mettre en oeuvre ledit procédé
US11644226B2 (en) 2017-09-25 2023-05-09 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Variable speed drive input current control

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19653182A1 (de) * 1996-12-20 1998-06-25 Siemens Ag Antriebseinrichtung für Walzgerüste
US20040201354A1 (en) * 2003-04-14 2004-10-14 Holden Steven J Vsd control

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19653182A1 (de) * 1996-12-20 1998-06-25 Siemens Ag Antriebseinrichtung für Walzgerüste
US20040201354A1 (en) * 2003-04-14 2004-10-14 Holden Steven J Vsd control

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2014006239A1 (fr) * 2012-07-06 2014-01-09 Martinez Sanchez Daniel Procédé pour mesurer et corriger la consommation d'énergie réactive dans une ligne électrique et équipement pour mettre en oeuvre ledit procédé
US11644226B2 (en) 2017-09-25 2023-05-09 Johnson Controls Tyco IP Holdings LLP Variable speed drive input current control

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