WO2009128119A1 - Method of cleaning membrane module and apparatus therefor - Google Patents

Method of cleaning membrane module and apparatus therefor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009128119A1
WO2009128119A1 PCT/JP2008/001021 JP2008001021W WO2009128119A1 WO 2009128119 A1 WO2009128119 A1 WO 2009128119A1 JP 2008001021 W JP2008001021 W JP 2008001021W WO 2009128119 A1 WO2009128119 A1 WO 2009128119A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
water
cleaning
chemical solution
membrane module
permeate flow
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PCT/JP2008/001021
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French (fr)
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
北野智一
南里一生
岡島康信
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株式会社クボタ
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Application filed by 株式会社クボタ filed Critical 株式会社クボタ
Priority to JP2010508037A priority Critical patent/JPWO2009128119A1/en
Priority to PCT/JP2008/001021 priority patent/WO2009128119A1/en
Publication of WO2009128119A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009128119A1/en

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D65/00—Accessories or auxiliary operations, in general, for separation processes or apparatus using semi-permeable membranes
    • B01D65/02—Membrane cleaning or sterilisation ; Membrane regeneration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/16—Use of chemical agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2321/00—Details relating to membrane cleaning, regeneration, sterilization or to the prevention of fouling
    • B01D2321/18—Use of gases

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a membrane module used for filtration or concentration in general water treatment such as clean water and wastewater, and relates to a cleaning method and apparatus thereof.
  • an immersion type membrane separation device in which a plurality of membrane elements are arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals is known.
  • the membrane element is a filter plate made of an organic membrane covering a surface of a rectangular flat filter plate as a membrane support, and the filtration membrane is joined to the filter plate at the peripheral edge.
  • the membrane support include a resin filter plate, a nonwoven fabric, and a net.
  • the membrane element receives the driving pressure and filters the water to be treated with a filtration membrane.
  • Gravity filtration uses the head pressure in the tank as the driving pressure, or suction filtration gives negative pressure as the driving pressure inside the filtration membrane. Used for.
  • This cleaning method is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-57780).
  • Japanese Patent Publication Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-57780.
  • the chemical solution injection means is connected to one end of the membrane module immersed in water in the treatment tank, the circulation means is connected to the other end, and the cleaning chemical solution in the chemical solution tank is injected into the membrane module by the chemical injection pump of the chemical solution injection means.
  • the cleaning chemical solution in the membrane module is sucked and circulated to the chemical solution tank by the chemical solution suction pump of the circulating means.
  • JP-A-10-118470 describes a method in which a liquid to be treated is discharged from a liquid tank in which a membrane module is immersed and then directed from one opening of the membrane module to the other opening.
  • the chemical solution is continuously or intermittently flowed to circulate the chemical solution between the chemical solution tank and the membrane module.
  • JP-A-2002-177746 comprises a treated water recovery step, a chemical solution injection step, a chemical solution extrusion step, and a treated water introduction step.
  • the treated water recovery step compressed air is introduced into the membrane module from one end of the membrane module, and the treated water in the membrane module is collected into the treated water tank from the other end of the membrane module.
  • the chemical solution injection step the chemical solution is injected into the membrane module from one end of the membrane module after completion of the treated water recovery step.
  • the chemical solution extrusion step compressed air is introduced into the membrane module from one end of the membrane module after completion of the chemical solution injection step, and the chemical solution is pushed out of the membrane module through the filtration membrane.
  • the treated water introduction step treated water is introduced into the membrane module after the chemical solution extrusion step is completed, and the membrane module is filled with the treated water.
  • the chemical liquid is supplied to the permeate flow path of the membrane element, the chemical liquid is leached through the filtration membrane to the liquid to be treated, and the filtration membrane and the chemical liquid are temporarily brought into contact with each other.
  • the permeate flow of the membrane element is discharged while discharging the permeate from the permeate flow path.
  • Supply chemicals to the road When the permeated water and the chemical solution are exchanged, the chemical solution supplied to the permeate flow channel of the membrane element through the pipe is diluted with the permeated water remaining in the permeate flow channel, so that the chemical solution reaches a predetermined concentration in the permeate flow channel. Until then, a considerable amount of cleaning chemical solution is required, and the amount of the chemical solution used exceeds the capacity of the permeate channel.
  • the permeate flow path of the membrane element and the pipe communicating with the membrane element are filled with the chemical solution, so that the permeate can be replaced with the permeate before the resumption of the filtration operation.
  • the permeated water is supplied to the permeate channel of the membrane element while discharging the chemical solution from the water channel.
  • the permeated water supplied to the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the piping is mixed with the chemical solution remaining in the permeate flow path, so that a considerable amount of treated wastewater is required until the permeate flow path is filled with only permeate. That is, the permeated water containing the cleaning chemical solution is discharged, the amount of drainage exceeds the capacity of the permeate flow path, and the cost required for detoxifying the treated wastewater increases.
  • Japanese Patent Publication Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-177746 performs a process water recovery process prior to the chemical liquid injection process and a chemical liquid extrusion process prior to the process water introduction process. Yes.
  • the present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides a membrane module cleaning method and apparatus that suppresses the amount of chemical solution used and the amount of treated wastewater, and is applicable to flat membrane membrane modules and the like. Objective.
  • the membrane module cleaning method of the present invention includes a chemical solution replacement step after the permeate discharge step, and sucks permeate remaining in the permeate flow path of the membrane module in the permeate discharge step. While discharging, the replacement gas is naturally aspirated into the permeate flow path of the membrane module, and the permeate in the permeate flow path of the membrane module is replaced with the replacement gas. The replacement gas in the permeate flow channel of the membrane module is naturally exhausted while supplying the cleaning chemical solution to the membrane module, and the replacement gas in the permeate flow channel of the membrane module is replaced with the cleaning chemical solution.
  • the membrane module cleaning method of the present invention further includes a chemical solution cleaning step after the chemical solution replacement step.
  • the chemical solution cleaning step the cleaning chemical solution is supplied from the permeate flow channel while supplying the cleaning chemical solution into the permeate flow channel of the membrane module.
  • the state in which the cleaning chemical solution continues to flow through the permeate flow path or is left standing for a predetermined time in a state where the cleaning chemical solution is filled in the permeated water flow is characterized.
  • the membrane module cleaning method of the present invention includes a chemical solution discharging step after the chemical solution cleaning step, and in the chemical solution discharging step, the cleaning chemical solution remaining in the permeate flow path of the membrane module is sucked and discharged, The replacement gas is naturally sucked into the water flow path, and the cleaning chemical in the permeate flow path of the membrane module is replaced with the replacement gas.
  • the membrane module cleaning method of the present invention includes a water replacement step after the chemical solution discharging step, and in the water replacement step, the replacement water is supplied into the permeate flow channel of the membrane module, The replacement gas is naturally exhausted, and the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane module is replaced with replacement water.
  • the membrane module cleaning method of the present invention is characterized in that the permeated water discharged in the permeated water discharge step is temporarily stored, and the temporarily stored permeated water is used as replacement water in the water replacement step.
  • the membrane module includes at least one membrane element in which the permeate flow channel communicates with the first water collection unit and the second water collection unit.
  • the permeated water remaining in the permeated water flow path of the membrane element is sucked and discharged through the first water collecting section, and the replacement gas is naturally sucked into the permeated water flow path of the membrane element through the second water collecting section,
  • the cleaning chemical solution is supplied to the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collection section, and the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is naturally exhausted through the second water collection section.
  • the membrane module cleaning method of the present invention further includes a chemical solution cleaning step after the chemical solution replacement step, and in the chemical solution cleaning step, while supplying the cleaning chemical solution to the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collecting portion,
  • the cleaning chemical solution is discharged from the permeate flow channel through the water collecting section 2 and the cleaning chemical solution continues to flow through the permeate flow channel of the membrane element, or the permeated water flow is filled with the cleaning chemical solution for a predetermined time. It is characterized by placing.
  • the membrane module cleaning method of the present invention further includes a chemical solution discharging step after the chemical solution cleaning step, and in the chemical solution discharging step, the cleaning chemical solution remaining in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is sucked and discharged through the first water collecting portion.
  • the replacement gas is naturally sucked into the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the second water collecting section, and the cleaning chemical in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is replaced with the replacement gas.
  • the membrane module cleaning method of the present invention includes a water replacement step after the chemical solution discharging step, and in the water replacement step, supplying replacement water into the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collecting portion, The replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is naturally exhausted through the second water collecting section, and the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is replaced with replacement water.
  • the membrane module cleaning apparatus includes a membrane module including at least one membrane element in which a permeate flow path communicates with a first water collection unit and a second water collection unit, and the first water collection unit.
  • a permeate discharge means for sucking and discharging permeate remaining in the permeate flow path of the membrane element; a chemical supply means for supplying a cleaning chemical liquid into the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collecting portion; The air in the atmosphere is naturally sucked into the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the water collection section, or the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is naturally exhausted into the atmosphere through the second water collection section. And an atmospheric release means.
  • the membrane module cleaning apparatus of the present invention is characterized by comprising a chemical solution discharging means for sucking and discharging the cleaning chemical solution remaining in the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collecting portion.
  • the membrane module cleaning apparatus of the present invention is characterized by comprising water supply means for supplying replacement water into the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collecting section.
  • the present invention replaces the permeated water and the replacement gas in the permeated water discharge step, replaces the replacement gas and the cleaning chemical solution in the chemical solution replacement step, and the cleaning chemical solution and the replacement gas in the chemical solution discharge step.
  • the replacement gas and the replacement water in the water replacement step it is possible to suppress the amount of the chemical solution used and the amount of the treated wastewater discharged in the chemical cleaning of the membrane module.
  • the amount of cleaning chemical used to fill the permeate flow path of the membrane module with a predetermined concentration of cleaning chemical, and the treatment wastewater discharged before the cleaning chemical is discharged from the permeate flow path of the membrane module and replaced with the replacement water becomes a limited amount corresponding to a predetermined capacity of the membrane element and the water collecting part of the membrane module and the piping.
  • the permeated water and the cleaning chemical solution are sucked and discharged, and the replacement gas enters and exits the permeate flow path of the membrane module by natural intake and exhaust, so that the permeate flow path of the membrane module causes breakage or separation of the filtration membrane.
  • the cleaning method and apparatus can be applied to a flat membrane membrane module or the like without being excessively pressurized.
  • the perspective view which shows the membrane module in embodiment of this invention The perspective view which shows the other structure of the membrane module in embodiment of this invention
  • cleaning apparatus of the membrane module in embodiment of this invention Schematic diagram showing the permeate discharge process of the membrane module Schematic diagram showing the chemical replacement process of the membrane module
  • the perspective view which shows the membrane module in embodiment of this invention The schematic diagram which shows the washing
  • FIG. 1 and FIG. 3 the membrane module 11 constituting the membrane separation apparatus is immersed and installed in the liquid to be treated in the treatment tank 12, and an air diffuser 11a is disposed below the membrane module 11, The air device 11a is connected to the blower 11b.
  • the membrane module 11 has a plurality of membrane elements 13 arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and both sides in the lateral direction of each membrane element 13 are sealed in a watertight manner to the first water collecting portion 14 and the second water collecting portion 15, respectively.
  • a vertical flow path is formed between the membrane elements 13.
  • the 1st water collection part 14 and the 2nd water collection part 15 make hollow shape, and have a water collection space inside.
  • the membrane element 13 may be singular.
  • the water collecting part 14 only on one side of the membrane element 13.
  • the other side portion of the membrane element 13 is sealed with a sealing material 14a such as resin.
  • the membrane element 13 is arranged in the vertical direction.
  • the arrangement direction of the membrane element 13 is not limited to the vertical direction, and any arrangement is possible as long as it is arranged along the flow direction of the liquid to be processed.
  • the membrane element 13 has a resin filter plate that forms a membrane support and a filtration membrane made of a flat membrane (organic membrane) disposed so as to cover the main surfaces of the front and back surfaces.
  • a permeate flow passage formed between the front and back main surfaces of the filter plate and the filtration membrane communicates with the water collection space of the first water collection unit 14 and the second water collection unit 15.
  • a flexible material such as a nonwoven fabric or a net may be used.
  • the membrane module 11 is connected to the pipeline system at the lower part of the first water collecting part 14 and the upper part of the second water collecting part 15.
  • the connection position of the pipeline system with respect to the water collecting portions 14 and 15 is not limited to the form shown in FIG. 3, but is near the lower portion of the first water collecting portion 14 and the upper portion of the second water collecting portion 15. good.
  • the first permeate drain 14 is connected to the first permeate drain line 20 and the chemical liquid supply line 30, and the permeate drain 20 and chemical supply line 30 are connected to the water collector.
  • the part connected to 14 is also used mutually.
  • the first permeated water discharge pipeline system 20 and the chemical solution supply pipeline system 30 can also be separately connected to the water collection unit 14.
  • the first permeate discharge conduit system 20 has a first permeate suction pump 21 and a first valve 22 to form a permeate discharge means, and passes through the first water collecting part 14 in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13. The permeated water is sucked and discharged by the first permeated water suction pump 21.
  • the chemical solution supply line system 30 includes a chemical solution supply pump 31, a second valve 32 and a chemical solution tank 33 to form a chemical solution supply means, and supplies the cleaning chemical solution into the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 through the first water collection unit 14. Supply.
  • the second water collecting section 15 communicates with the atmospheric open conduit system 40, the chemical solution circulation conduit system 50, and the second permeate discharge conduit system 60, and the atmospheric open conduit system 40 and the chemical solution circulation conduit system are connected. 50 and the second permeated water discharge pipe line system 60 share a portion connected to the water collecting portion 15.
  • the air opening conduit system 40, the chemical solution circulation conduit system 50, and the second permeated water discharge conduit system 60 can be separately connected to the water collecting section 15, respectively.
  • the air release pipe line system 40 has a third valve 41 and serves as an air release means.
  • the air in the atmosphere is naturally taken into the permeate flow passage of the membrane element 13 as a replacement gas through the second water collecting part 15.
  • the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 is naturally exhausted to the atmosphere through the second water collecting portion 15.
  • the chemical solution circulation line system 50 includes a chemical solution suction pump 51 and a fourth valve 52, and circulates the cleaning chemical solution in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 through the second water collecting unit 15 to the chemical solution tank 33.
  • the second permeated water discharge pipe system 60 has a second permeated water suction pump 61 and a fifth valve 62 to form a permeated water discharging means, and passes through the second water collecting portion 15 in the permeated water flow path of the membrane element 13. The permeated water is sucked and discharged by the second permeated water suction pump 61.
  • the chemical solution supply pipeline system 30 and the chemical solution circulation pipeline system 50 communicate with each other via the chemical solution tank 33 to form a circulation system.
  • the chemical solution supply pipeline system 30 and the chemical solution circulation pipeline system It is also possible to adopt a configuration that does not connect 50.
  • the operation of the membrane module 11 performs filtration, air replacement, chemical cleaning, and air replacement. This will be described in detail below.
  • Foiltration As shown in FIG. 3, the second valve 32, the third valve 41, and the fourth valve 52 are closed, and the first valve 22 and the fifth valve 62 are opened. A suction pressure is applied to the membrane module 11 by the first permeated water suction pump 21 and the second permeated water suction pump 61, the water to be treated is filtered by each membrane element 13, and the permeated water that has passed through the filtration membrane is passed through the membrane element 13. Drain from water channel.
  • the air supplied from the blower 11b is aerated from the diffuser 11a into the water to be treated, and the membrane surface of the membrane element 13 is washed by the gas-liquid mixed phase flow generated in the water to be treated.
  • (Chemical cleaning) Permeated Water Discharge Process As shown in FIG. 4, the second valve 32, the fourth valve 52, and the fifth valve 62 are closed, and the first valve 22 and the third valve 41 are opened. While the permeated water remaining in the permeated water flow path of each membrane element 13 is sucked and discharged through the first water collecting section 14 and the first permeated water discharge conduit system 20 by the first permeated water suction pump 21, each membrane element 13.
  • Air is naturally aspirated as a replacement gas through the second water collecting portion 15 and the atmospheric open conduit system 40 in the permeate flow path, and the permeate in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 is replaced with air.
  • Chemical Solution Replacement Step As shown in FIG. 5, the first valve 22, the fourth valve 52, and the fifth valve 62 are closed, and the second valve 32 and the third valve 41 are opened.
  • the cleaning chemical liquid in the chemical liquid tank 33 is supplied from the lower part of the first water collecting part 14 into the permeate water flow path of the membrane element 13 through the chemical liquid supply pipe system 30 by the chemical liquid supply pump 31 and into the permeate water flow path of the membrane element 13.
  • a membrane cassette 10 is configured by stacking a plurality of membrane modules 11 vertically.
  • the membrane module 11 includes an upper connecting portion 16 provided on each upper end surface of the first water collecting portion 14 and a second water collecting portion 15 and a lower connecting portion 17 provided on each lower end surface.
  • the upper connecting part 16 and the lower connecting part 17 communicate with the water collecting spaces of the water collecting parts 14 and 15 by forming a flow path.
  • the first permeated water discharge pipeline system 20 and the chemical solution supply pipeline system 30 have a first water collection section 14 and a second water collection section with respect to the lowermost membrane module 11. 15, and a sixth valve 71 is interposed between the lower connecting portions 17.
  • the permeated water discharge conduit system 20 and the chemical solution supply conduit system 30 share the portions connected to the water collection section 14 and the water collection section 15, but can be provided separately.
  • the first permeate discharge conduit system 20 has a first permeate suction pump 21 and a first valve 22 to form a permeate discharge means, and the permeate in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 is sucked into the first permeate.
  • the pump 21 sucks and discharges.
  • the chemical solution supply line system 30 includes a chemical solution supply pump 31, a second valve 32, and a chemical solution tank 33 to form a chemical solution supply unit, and supplies a cleaning chemical solution into the permeate channel of the membrane element 13.
  • the second water collecting section 15 of the uppermost membrane module 11 is in communication with an open air conduit system 40, a chemical solution circulation conduit system 50, and a second permeate discharge conduit system 60.
  • the atmosphere opening conduit system 40, the chemical solution circulation conduit system 50, and the second permeated water discharge conduit system 60 share the portion connected to the water collecting section 15, but can be provided separately. .
  • the air release pipe line system 40 has a third valve 41 and serves as an air release means.
  • the air in the atmosphere is naturally taken into the permeate flow passage of the membrane element 13 as a replacement gas through the second water collecting part 15.
  • the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 is naturally exhausted to the atmosphere through the second water collecting portion 15.
  • the chemical solution circulation line system 50 includes a chemical solution suction pump 51 and a fourth valve 52, and circulates the cleaning chemical solution in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 through the second water collecting unit 15 to the chemical solution tank 33.
  • the second permeated water discharge pipe system 60 has a second permeated water suction pump 61 and a fifth valve 62 to form a permeated water discharging means, and passes through the second water collecting portion 15 in the permeated water flow path of the membrane element 13. The permeated water is sucked and discharged by the second permeated water suction pump 61.
  • the chemical solution supply pipeline system 30 and the chemical solution circulation pipeline system 50 communicate with each other via the chemical solution tank 33 to form a circulation system.
  • the chemical solution supply pipeline system 30 and the chemical solution circulation pipeline system It is also possible to adopt a configuration that does not connect 50.
  • a permeate water storage conduit system 80 and a chemical liquid discharge conduit system 90 communicate with the discharge side of the first permeate suction pump 21 in the first permeate discharge conduit system 20.
  • the chemical solution discharge pipeline system 90 also serves as a portion connected to the first permeate discharge pipeline system 20.
  • the permeate water storage line system 80 has a seventh valve 81, an eighth valve 82 and a permeate water storage tank 83, and the chemical liquid discharge pipe system 90 has a ninth valve 91 and communicates with the chemical liquid tank 33. .
  • a permeated water supply system 100 communicates with the suction side of the chemical liquid supply pump 31 in the chemical liquid supply line system 30, and the permeated water supply system 100 has a tenth valve 101 to serve as water supply means, and stores permeated water. It communicates with the tank 83.
  • a suction pressure is applied to the membrane module 11 by the first permeated water suction pump 21 and the second permeated water suction pump 61, the water to be treated is filtered by each membrane element 13, and the permeated water that has passed through the filtration membrane is passed through the membrane element 13. Drain from water channel.
  • the air supplied from the blower 11b is aerated from the diffuser 11a into the water to be treated, and the membrane surface of the membrane element 13 is washed by the gas-liquid mixed phase flow generated in the water to be treated. (Chemical cleaning)
  • the first valve 22, the second valve 32, the fourth valve 52, the fifth valve 62, the ninth valve 91, and the tenth valve 101 are closed, the third valve 41, The 6 valve 71, the seventh valve 81, and the eighth valve 82 are opened.
  • the first permeate suction pump 21 sucks the permeate remaining in the permeate flow path of each membrane element 13 through the first water collection unit 14, the second water collection unit 15, and the first permeate discharge pipe system 20. While being discharged and supplied to the permeate water storage tank 83 through the permeate water storage pipeline system 80, as a replacement gas through the second water collection unit 15 and the atmosphere open conduit system 40 in the permeate water flow path of each membrane element 13. Air is naturally aspirated, and the permeate in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 is replaced with air.
  • the sixth valve 71 As shown in FIG. 9, the first valve 22, the fourth valve 52, the fifth valve 62, the sixth valve 71, the seventh valve 81, the eighth valve 82, the ninth valve 91, and the tenth valve 101 are arranged. The second valve 32 and the third valve 41 are opened.
  • the cleaning chemical liquid in the chemical liquid tank 33 is supplied from the lower part of the first water collecting part 14 into the permeate water flow path of the membrane element 13 through the chemical liquid supply pipe system 30 by the chemical liquid supply pump 31 and into the permeate water flow path of the membrane element 13. Is naturally evacuated from the upper part of the second water collecting section 15 through the open air conduit system 40 to replace the air in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 with the cleaning chemical.
  • Chemical Cleaning Process After expelling the air accumulated in the membrane module 11 in the state shown in FIG. 9, the third valve 41 is closed and the fourth valve 52 is opened.
  • the permeated water flow path is supplied through the chemical liquid circulation conduit system 50 and the second water collecting section 15 by the chemical liquid suction pump 51 while supplying the cleaning chemical liquid to the permeated water flow path of the membrane element 13 through the first water collecting section 14. Then, the cleaning chemical solution is drained and circulated in the chemical solution tank 33. Then, the state in which the cleaning chemical solution flows in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 is continued.
  • the state in which the cleaning chemical solution flows in the permeate flow channel of the membrane element 13 in the chemical solution cleaning step is continued.
  • the chemical solution cleaning step it is possible to leave the cleaning chemical solution for a predetermined time in a state where the cleaning chemical solution is filled in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13.
  • the first valve 22, the second valve 32, the fourth valve 52, the fifth valve 62, the eighth valve 82, and the tenth valve 101 are closed, and the third valve 41, the sixth valve 101, The valve 71, the seventh valve 81, and the ninth valve 91 are opened.
  • the first permeated water suction pump 21 sucks and discharges the cleaning chemical remaining in the permeated water flow path of each membrane element 13 through the first water collecting section 14 and the second water collecting section 15, and passes through the chemical liquid discharging conduit system 90. While being supplied to the chemical tank 33, air is naturally sucked into the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 through the atmosphere open conduit system 40 and the second water collecting section 15, and the permeate flow path and the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 are obtained. Replace the cleaning chemical in the pipe communicating with the air for the replacement gas. Water Replacement Step As shown in FIG. 11, the first valve 22, the second valve 32, the fourth valve 52, the fifth valve 62, the sixth valve 71, the seventh valve 81, the eighth valve 82, and the ninth valve 91 are arranged. The third valve 41 and the tenth valve 101 are opened.
  • the permeated water in the permeated water storage tank 83 is supplied to the permeated water flow path of the membrane element 13 through the permeated water supply system 100 and the first water collecting section 14 by the chemical liquid supply pump 31, the open air system 40 and the second
  • the air in the permeated water flow path of the membrane element 13 is naturally exhausted through the water collecting section 15, and the air in the permeated water flow path of the membrane element 13 and the pipe communicating with the permeated water flow path is replaced with the permeated water of the replacement water.
  • replacement water is supplied from the permeate storage tank 83.
  • the replacement water can be supplied from a separate storage tank.

Abstract

The amount of chemical solution used and the amount of treated wastewater drained are reduced through filtration, air substitution, chemical solution cleaning and air substitution.

Description

膜モジュールの洗浄方法および装置Membrane module cleaning method and apparatus
　本発明は、上水や廃水などの一般水処理においてろ過または濃縮に用いられる膜モジュールに関し、その洗浄方法および装置に係るものである。 The present invention relates to a membrane module used for filtration or concentration in general water treatment such as clean water and wastewater, and relates to a cleaning method and apparatus thereof.
　従来の膜分離装置としては、例えば複数の膜エレメントを適当な間隔で平行に配置した浸漬型膜分離装置が知られている。膜エレメントは、膜支持体である矩形の平板状のろ板に、その表面を覆って有機膜からなるろ過膜を配置し、ろ過膜をその周縁部においてろ板に接合したものである。膜支持体には、樹脂製のろ板、不織布、ネット等がある。 As a conventional membrane separation device, for example, an immersion type membrane separation device in which a plurality of membrane elements are arranged in parallel at appropriate intervals is known. The membrane element is a filter plate made of an organic membrane covering a surface of a rectangular flat filter plate as a membrane support, and the filtration membrane is joined to the filter plate at the peripheral edge. Examples of the membrane support include a resin filter plate, a nonwoven fabric, and a net.
　膜エレメントは、駆動圧力を受けてろ過膜で被処理水をろ過するものであり、槽内の水頭圧を駆動圧力とする重力ろ過、あるいはろ過膜の内側に負圧を駆動圧力として与える吸引ろ過に用いる。 The membrane element receives the driving pressure and filters the water to be treated with a filtration membrane. Gravity filtration uses the head pressure in the tank as the driving pressure, or suction filtration gives negative pressure as the driving pressure inside the filtration membrane. Used for.
　ところで、膜エレメントにファウリングが生じた場合には、ファウリングを除去するための薬液洗浄が必要となる。この薬液洗浄はろ板とろ過膜との間の透過水流路に薬液を供給して行なう。 Incidentally, when fouling occurs in the membrane element, chemical cleaning for removing the fouling is necessary. This chemical cleaning is performed by supplying the chemical to the permeate flow path between the filter plate and the filtration membrane.
　この洗浄方法には、例えば日本国特許公報（特開平１０－５７７８０号）に記載するものがある。これは、処理槽の水中に浸漬した膜モジュールの一端に薬液注入手段を接続し、他端に循環手段を接続し、薬液注入手段の薬液注入ポンプにより薬液槽の洗浄薬液を膜モジュールへ注入し、循環手段の薬液吸引ポンプにより膜モジュール内の洗浄薬液を吸引して薬液槽へ循環させる。 This cleaning method is described in, for example, Japanese Patent Publication (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-57780). This is because the chemical solution injection means is connected to one end of the membrane module immersed in water in the treatment tank, the circulation means is connected to the other end, and the cleaning chemical solution in the chemical solution tank is injected into the membrane module by the chemical injection pump of the chemical solution injection means. The cleaning chemical solution in the membrane module is sucked and circulated to the chemical solution tank by the chemical solution suction pump of the circulating means.
　また、日本国特許公報（特開平１０－１１８４７０号）に記載するものは、膜モジュールを浸漬した被処理液槽の被処理液を排出した後に、膜モジュールの一方の開口から他方の開口へ向けて薬液を連続して、または間欠的に流し、薬液槽と膜モジュールとの間で薬液を循環させる。 Japanese Patent Publication (JP-A-10-118470) describes a method in which a liquid to be treated is discharged from a liquid tank in which a membrane module is immersed and then directed from one opening of the membrane module to the other opening. The chemical solution is continuously or intermittently flowed to circulate the chemical solution between the chemical solution tank and the membrane module.
　また、日本国特許公報（特開平２００２－１７７７４６号）に記載するものは、処理水回収工程と薬液注入工程と薬液押出工程と処理水導入工程とを備えるものである。処理水回収工程では、膜モジュールの一端から膜モジュール内に圧縮空気を導入して膜モジュール内の処理水を膜モジュールの他端から処理水槽に回収する。薬液注入工程では、処理水回収工程の終了後に膜モジュールの一端から膜モジュール内に薬液を注入する。薬液押出工程では、薬液注入工程の終了後に膜モジュールの一端から膜モジュール内に圧縮空気を導入し、ろ過膜を通して薬液を膜モジュールの外部へ押出す。処理水導入工程では、薬液押出工程の終了後に膜モジュール内に処理水を導入して膜モジュール内を処理水で満たす。 Further, what is described in Japanese Patent Publication (JP-A-2002-177746) comprises a treated water recovery step, a chemical solution injection step, a chemical solution extrusion step, and a treated water introduction step. In the treated water recovery step, compressed air is introduced into the membrane module from one end of the membrane module, and the treated water in the membrane module is collected into the treated water tank from the other end of the membrane module. In the chemical solution injection step, the chemical solution is injected into the membrane module from one end of the membrane module after completion of the treated water recovery step. In the chemical solution extrusion step, compressed air is introduced into the membrane module from one end of the membrane module after completion of the chemical solution injection step, and the chemical solution is pushed out of the membrane module through the filtration membrane. In the treated water introduction step, treated water is introduced into the membrane module after the chemical solution extrusion step is completed, and the membrane module is filled with the treated water.
　上述した従来の洗浄方法において、薬液洗浄では、膜エレメントの透過水流路に薬液を供給し、ろ過膜を通して被処理液側へ薬液を浸出させてろ過膜と薬液を一過的に接触させる。 In the conventional cleaning method described above, in the chemical cleaning, the chemical liquid is supplied to the permeate flow path of the membrane element, the chemical liquid is leached through the filtration membrane to the liquid to be treated, and the filtration membrane and the chemical liquid are temporarily brought into contact with each other.
　ところで、薬液洗浄を開始する時点では、膜エレメントの透過水流路および膜エレメントに連通する配管内に透過水が充満しているので、透過水流路から透過水を排出しつつ、膜エレメントの透過水流路に薬液を供給する。この透過水と薬液とを入れ替える際に、配管を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路に供給した薬液が透過水流路に残留する透過水で希釈されるので、透過水流路内で薬液が所定の濃度に達するまでには相当量の洗浄薬液を必要とし、透過水流路の容量以上の薬液使用量となる。 By the way, since the permeated water is filled in the permeate flow path of the membrane element and the pipe communicating with the membrane element at the time of starting the chemical cleaning, the permeate flow of the membrane element is discharged while discharging the permeate from the permeate flow path. Supply chemicals to the road. When the permeated water and the chemical solution are exchanged, the chemical solution supplied to the permeate flow channel of the membrane element through the pipe is diluted with the permeated water remaining in the permeate flow channel, so that the chemical solution reaches a predetermined concentration in the permeate flow channel. Until then, a considerable amount of cleaning chemical solution is required, and the amount of the chemical solution used exceeds the capacity of the permeate channel.
　また、薬液洗浄を終えた時点では、膜エレメントの透過水流路および膜エレメントに連通する配管内に薬液が充満しているので、ろ過運転の再開に先立って薬液を透過水に入れ替えるために、透過水流路から薬液を排出しつつ、膜エレメントの透過水流路に透過水を供給する。この際に、配管を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路に供給した透過水が透過水流路に残留する薬液と混じるので、透過水流路内を透過水のみで満たす状態となるまでには相当量の処理排水、つまり洗浄薬液を含む透過水を排出することになり、透過水流路の容量以上の排水量となり、処理排水の無害化処理に要するコストが高くなる。 In addition, when the chemical solution cleaning is completed, the permeate flow path of the membrane element and the pipe communicating with the membrane element are filled with the chemical solution, so that the permeate can be replaced with the permeate before the resumption of the filtration operation. The permeated water is supplied to the permeate channel of the membrane element while discharging the chemical solution from the water channel. At this time, the permeated water supplied to the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the piping is mixed with the chemical solution remaining in the permeate flow path, so that a considerable amount of treated wastewater is required until the permeate flow path is filled with only permeate. That is, the permeated water containing the cleaning chemical solution is discharged, the amount of drainage exceeds the capacity of the permeate flow path, and the cost required for detoxifying the treated wastewater increases.
　この課題に対して、日本国特許公報（特開平２００２－１７７７４６号）に記載するものでは、薬液注入工程に先立って処理水回収工程を行い、処理水導入工程に先立って薬液押出工程を行なっている。 In response to this problem, Japanese Patent Publication (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-177746) performs a process water recovery process prior to the chemical liquid injection process and a chemical liquid extrusion process prior to the process water introduction process. Yes.
　しかしながら、処理水回収工程および薬液押出工程では、膜モジュール内に圧縮空気を導入するので、膜モジュールは内部圧力に対する耐圧性を有することが必要であり、適用可能な膜モジュールが中空糸膜モジュール等のものに限定される。 However, in the treated water recovery step and the chemical solution extrusion step, compressed air is introduced into the membrane module, so the membrane module needs to have pressure resistance against internal pressure, and applicable membrane modules are hollow fiber membrane modules, etc. It is limited to.
　本発明は上記した課題を解決するものであり、薬液使用量および処理排水の排水量を抑制し、かつ平膜型の膜モジュール等にも適用可能な膜モジュールの洗浄方法および装置を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention solves the above-described problems, and provides a membrane module cleaning method and apparatus that suppresses the amount of chemical solution used and the amount of treated wastewater, and is applicable to flat membrane membrane modules and the like. Objective.
　上記課題を解決するために、本発明の膜モジュールの洗浄方法は、透過水排出工程の後に薬液置換工程を備え、透過水排出工程において、膜モジュールの透過水流路内に残留する透過水を吸引排出しつつ、膜モジュールの透過水流路内に置換用ガスを自然吸気して、膜モジュールの透過水流路内の透過水を置換用ガスと入れ替え、薬液置換工程において、膜モジュールの透過水流路内に洗浄薬液を供給しつつ、膜モジュールの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを自然排気して、膜モジュールの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを洗浄薬液と入れ替えることを特徴とする。 In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the membrane module cleaning method of the present invention includes a chemical solution replacement step after the permeate discharge step, and sucks permeate remaining in the permeate flow path of the membrane module in the permeate discharge step. While discharging, the replacement gas is naturally aspirated into the permeate flow path of the membrane module, and the permeate in the permeate flow path of the membrane module is replaced with the replacement gas. The replacement gas in the permeate flow channel of the membrane module is naturally exhausted while supplying the cleaning chemical solution to the membrane module, and the replacement gas in the permeate flow channel of the membrane module is replaced with the cleaning chemical solution.
　また、本発明の膜モジュールの洗浄方法において、薬液置換工程の後に薬液洗浄工程を備え、薬液洗浄工程において、洗浄薬液を膜モジュールの透過水流路内に供給しつつ、透過水流路から洗浄薬液を排出して洗浄薬液が透過水流路内を流れる状態を継続するか、もしくは透過水流内に洗浄薬液を満たした状態で所定時間にわたって静置することを特徴とする。 The membrane module cleaning method of the present invention further includes a chemical solution cleaning step after the chemical solution replacement step. In the chemical solution cleaning step, the cleaning chemical solution is supplied from the permeate flow channel while supplying the cleaning chemical solution into the permeate flow channel of the membrane module. The state in which the cleaning chemical solution continues to flow through the permeate flow path or is left standing for a predetermined time in a state where the cleaning chemical solution is filled in the permeated water flow is characterized.
　また、本発明の膜モジュールの洗浄方法において、薬液洗浄工程の後に薬液排出工程を備え、薬液排出工程において、膜モジュールの透過水流路内に残留する洗浄薬液を吸引排出しつつ、膜モジュールの透過水流路内に置換用ガスを自然吸気して、膜モジュールの透過水流路内の洗浄薬液を置換用ガスと入れ替えることを特徴とする。 Further, the membrane module cleaning method of the present invention includes a chemical solution discharging step after the chemical solution cleaning step, and in the chemical solution discharging step, the cleaning chemical solution remaining in the permeate flow path of the membrane module is sucked and discharged, The replacement gas is naturally sucked into the water flow path, and the cleaning chemical in the permeate flow path of the membrane module is replaced with the replacement gas.
　また、本発明の膜モジュールの洗浄方法において、薬液排出工程の後に用水置換工程を備え、用水置換工程において、膜モジュールの透過水流路内に置換用水を供給しつつ、膜モジュールの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを自然排気して、膜モジュールの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを置換用水と入れ替えることを特徴とする。 Further, the membrane module cleaning method of the present invention includes a water replacement step after the chemical solution discharging step, and in the water replacement step, the replacement water is supplied into the permeate flow channel of the membrane module, The replacement gas is naturally exhausted, and the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane module is replaced with replacement water.
　また、本発明の膜モジュールの洗浄方法において、透過水排出工程で排出した透過水を一時貯溜し、この一時貯溜した透過水を用水置換工程で置換用水として使用することをことを特徴とする。 The membrane module cleaning method of the present invention is characterized in that the permeated water discharged in the permeated water discharge step is temporarily stored, and the temporarily stored permeated water is used as replacement water in the water replacement step.
　また、本発明の膜モジュールの洗浄方法において、膜モジュールは、透過水流路が第１の集水部と第２の集水部とに連通する少なくとも一つの膜エレメントを備え、透過水排出工程で、膜エレメントの透過水流路内に残留する透過水を第１の集水部を通して吸引排出しつつ、膜エレメントの透過水流路内に第２の集水部を通して置換用ガスを自然吸気し、薬液置換工程で、膜エレメントの透過水流路内に第１の集水部を通して洗浄薬液を供給しつつ、膜エレメントの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを第２の集水部を通して自然排気することを特徴とする。 Further, in the membrane module cleaning method of the present invention, the membrane module includes at least one membrane element in which the permeate flow channel communicates with the first water collection unit and the second water collection unit. The permeated water remaining in the permeated water flow path of the membrane element is sucked and discharged through the first water collecting section, and the replacement gas is naturally sucked into the permeated water flow path of the membrane element through the second water collecting section, In the replacement step, the cleaning chemical solution is supplied to the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collection section, and the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is naturally exhausted through the second water collection section. Features.
　また、本発明の膜モジュールの洗浄方法において、薬液置換工程の後に薬液洗浄工程を備え、薬液洗浄工程において、第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路に洗浄薬液を供給しつつ、第２の集水部を通して透過水流路から洗浄薬液を排出して洗浄薬液が膜エレメントの透過水流路内を流れる状態を継続するか、もしくは透過水流内に洗浄薬液を満たした状態で所定時間にわたって静置することを特徴とする。 The membrane module cleaning method of the present invention further includes a chemical solution cleaning step after the chemical solution replacement step, and in the chemical solution cleaning step, while supplying the cleaning chemical solution to the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collecting portion, The cleaning chemical solution is discharged from the permeate flow channel through the water collecting section 2 and the cleaning chemical solution continues to flow through the permeate flow channel of the membrane element, or the permeated water flow is filled with the cleaning chemical solution for a predetermined time. It is characterized by placing.
　また、本発明の膜モジュールの洗浄方法において、薬液洗浄工程の後に薬液排出工程を備え、薬液排出工程において、第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に残留する洗浄薬液を吸引排出しつつ、第２の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に置換用ガスを自然吸気して、膜エレメントの透過水流路内の洗浄薬液を置換用ガスと入れ替えることを特徴とする。 The membrane module cleaning method of the present invention further includes a chemical solution discharging step after the chemical solution cleaning step, and in the chemical solution discharging step, the cleaning chemical solution remaining in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is sucked and discharged through the first water collecting portion. However, the replacement gas is naturally sucked into the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the second water collecting section, and the cleaning chemical in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is replaced with the replacement gas.
　また、本発明の膜モジュールの洗浄方法において、薬液排出工程の後に用水置換工程を備え、用水置換工程において、第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に置換用水を供給しつつ、第２の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを自然排気して、膜エレメントの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを置換用水と入れ替えることを特徴とする。 The membrane module cleaning method of the present invention includes a water replacement step after the chemical solution discharging step, and in the water replacement step, supplying replacement water into the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collecting portion, The replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is naturally exhausted through the second water collecting section, and the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is replaced with replacement water.
　本発明の膜モジュールの洗浄装置は、透過水流路が第１の集水部と第２の集水部とに連通する少なくとも一つの膜エレメントを備えた膜モジュールと、第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に残留する透過水を吸引排出する透過水排出手段と、第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に洗浄薬液を供給する薬液供給手段と、第２の集水部を通して置換用ガスとして大気中の空気を膜エレメントの透過水流路内に自然吸気し、あるいは第２の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを大気中へ自然排気する大気開放手段とを備えることを特徴とする。 The membrane module cleaning apparatus according to the present invention includes a membrane module including at least one membrane element in which a permeate flow path communicates with a first water collection unit and a second water collection unit, and the first water collection unit. A permeate discharge means for sucking and discharging permeate remaining in the permeate flow path of the membrane element; a chemical supply means for supplying a cleaning chemical liquid into the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collecting portion; The air in the atmosphere is naturally sucked into the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the water collection section, or the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is naturally exhausted into the atmosphere through the second water collection section. And an atmospheric release means.
　また、本発明の膜モジュールの洗浄装置において、第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に残留する洗浄薬液を吸引排出する薬液排出手段を備えることを特徴とする。 Further, the membrane module cleaning apparatus of the present invention is characterized by comprising a chemical solution discharging means for sucking and discharging the cleaning chemical solution remaining in the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collecting portion.
　また、本発明の膜モジュールの洗浄装置において、第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に置換用水を供給する用水供給手段を備えることを特徴とする。 Further, the membrane module cleaning apparatus of the present invention is characterized by comprising water supply means for supplying replacement water into the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collecting section.
　以上のように本発明は、透過水排出工程において透過水と置換用ガスとを置換し、薬液置換工程において置換用ガスと洗浄薬液とを置換し、薬液排出工程において洗浄薬液と置換用ガスとを置換し、用水置換工程において置換用ガスと置換用水とを置換することにより、膜モジュールの薬液洗浄において薬液使用量および処理排水の排水量を抑制できる。つまり、膜モジュールの透過水流路を所定濃度の洗浄薬液で満たすまでに要する洗浄薬液の薬液使用量、および膜モジュールの透過水流路から洗浄薬液を排出して置換用水と入れ換えるまでに排出する処理排水の排水量が、膜モジュールの膜エレメントおよび集水部さらには配管の所定容量に見合った限られた分量となる。 As described above, the present invention replaces the permeated water and the replacement gas in the permeated water discharge step, replaces the replacement gas and the cleaning chemical solution in the chemical solution replacement step, and the cleaning chemical solution and the replacement gas in the chemical solution discharge step. By replacing the replacement gas and the replacement water in the water replacement step, it is possible to suppress the amount of the chemical solution used and the amount of the treated wastewater discharged in the chemical cleaning of the membrane module. In other words, the amount of cleaning chemical used to fill the permeate flow path of the membrane module with a predetermined concentration of cleaning chemical, and the treatment wastewater discharged before the cleaning chemical is discharged from the permeate flow path of the membrane module and replaced with the replacement water The amount of discharged water becomes a limited amount corresponding to a predetermined capacity of the membrane element and the water collecting part of the membrane module and the piping.
　しかも、透過水および洗浄薬液は吸引排出し、置換用ガスは自然吸気、自然排気により膜モジュールの透過水流路へ出入りするので、膜モジュールの透過水流路がろ過膜の破断や剥離を生じるような過剰な加圧状態となることはなく、平膜型の膜モジュール等にも適用可能な洗浄方法および装置である。 In addition, the permeated water and the cleaning chemical solution are sucked and discharged, and the replacement gas enters and exits the permeate flow path of the membrane module by natural intake and exhaust, so that the permeate flow path of the membrane module causes breakage or separation of the filtration membrane. The cleaning method and apparatus can be applied to a flat membrane membrane module or the like without being excessively pressurized.
本発明の実施の形態における膜モジュールを示す斜視図The perspective view which shows the membrane module in embodiment of this invention 本発明の実施の形態における膜モジュールの他の構成を示す斜視図The perspective view which shows the other structure of the membrane module in embodiment of this invention 本発明の実施の形態における膜モジュールの洗浄装置を示す模式図The schematic diagram which shows the washing | cleaning apparatus of the membrane module in embodiment of this invention 同膜モジュールの透過水排出工程を示す模式図Schematic diagram showing the permeate discharge process of the membrane module 同膜モジュールの薬液置換工程を示す模式図Schematic diagram showing the chemical replacement process of the membrane module 本発明の実施の形態における膜モジュールを示す斜視図The perspective view which shows the membrane module in embodiment of this invention 本発明の他の実施の形態における膜モジュールの洗浄装置を示す模式図The schematic diagram which shows the washing | cleaning apparatus of the membrane module in other embodiment of this invention 同膜モジュールの透過水排出工程を示す模式図Schematic diagram showing the permeate discharge process of the membrane module 同膜モジュールの薬液置換工程を示す模式図Schematic diagram showing the chemical replacement process of the membrane module 同膜モジュールの薬液排出工程を示す模式図Schematic diagram showing the chemical solution discharge process of the membrane module 同膜モジュールの用水置換工程を示す模式図Schematic showing the water replacement process of the membrane module 本発明の実施の形態における膜モジュールの洗浄方法を示すフローシート図The flow sheet figure which shows the washing | cleaning method of the membrane module in embodiment of this invention
（実施の形態１）
　以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。図１および図３において、膜分離装置をなす膜モジュール１１は処理槽１２の被処理液に浸漬して設置しており、膜モジュール１１の下方位置に散気装置１１ａが配置してあり、散気装置１１ａがブロア１１ｂに接続している。 (Embodiment 1)
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 1 and FIG. 3, the membrane module 11 constituting the membrane separation apparatus is immersed and installed in the liquid to be treated in the treatment tank 12, and an air diffuser 11a is disposed below the membrane module 11, The air device 11a is connected to the blower 11b.
　膜モジュール１１は複数の膜エレメント１３を所定間隔で並列に配置し、各膜エレメント１３の横方向の両側をそれぞれ第１の集水部１４と第２の集水部１５に水密に封止し、膜エレメント１３の相互間に縦方向の流路を形成している。第１の集水部１４と第２の集水部１５は中空状をなして内部に集水空間を有している。膜エレメント１３は単数とすることも可能である。 The membrane module 11 has a plurality of membrane elements 13 arranged in parallel at a predetermined interval, and both sides in the lateral direction of each membrane element 13 are sealed in a watertight manner to the first water collecting portion 14 and the second water collecting portion 15, respectively. A vertical flow path is formed between the membrane elements 13. The 1st water collection part 14 and the 2nd water collection part 15 make hollow shape, and have a water collection space inside. The membrane element 13 may be singular.
　しかしながら、図２に示すように、膜エレメント１３の一方の側部にのみ集水部１４を設けることも可能である。この場合に、膜エレメント１３の他方の側部は樹脂等の封止材１４ａによって封止する。 However, as shown in FIG. 2, it is also possible to provide the water collecting part 14 only on one side of the membrane element 13. In this case, the other side portion of the membrane element 13 is sealed with a sealing material 14a such as resin.
　本実施の形態では、膜エレメント１３を上下方向に配置する構成を示している。しかしながら、膜エレメント１３の配置方向は上下方向に限るものではなく、被処理液の流れ方向に沿って配置するものであれば良い。 In the present embodiment, a configuration in which the membrane element 13 is arranged in the vertical direction is shown. However, the arrangement direction of the membrane element 13 is not limited to the vertical direction, and any arrangement is possible as long as it is arranged along the flow direction of the liquid to be processed.
　膜エレメント１３の構成には種々のものがあり、本発明は膜エレメント１３の構成を限定するものではない。本実施の形態において、膜エレメント１３は膜支持体をなす樹脂製のろ板とその表裏の主面を覆って配置する平膜（有機膜）からなるろ過膜とを有しており、各膜エレメント１３はろ板の表裏の主面とろ過膜との間に形成した透過水流路が第１の集水部１４と第２の集水部１５の集水空間に連通している。膜支持体としては不織布やネット等のフレキシブルな材質のものを使用する場合もある。 There are various configurations of the membrane element 13, and the present invention does not limit the configuration of the membrane element 13. In the present embodiment, the membrane element 13 has a resin filter plate that forms a membrane support and a filtration membrane made of a flat membrane (organic membrane) disposed so as to cover the main surfaces of the front and back surfaces. In the element 13, a permeate flow passage formed between the front and back main surfaces of the filter plate and the filtration membrane communicates with the water collection space of the first water collection unit 14 and the second water collection unit 15. As the membrane support, a flexible material such as a nonwoven fabric or a net may be used.
　本実施の形態では、図３に示すように、膜モジュール１１は第１の集水部１４の下部および第２の集水部１５の上部において管路系に接続している。集水部１４、１５に対する管路系の接続位置は図３に示す形態に限定するものではなく、第１の集水部１４の下部付近、第２の集水部１５の上部付近であれば良い。 In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the membrane module 11 is connected to the pipeline system at the lower part of the first water collecting part 14 and the upper part of the second water collecting part 15. The connection position of the pipeline system with respect to the water collecting portions 14 and 15 is not limited to the form shown in FIG. 3, but is near the lower portion of the first water collecting portion 14 and the upper portion of the second water collecting portion 15. good.
　第１の集水部１４には、第１透過水排出管路系２０および薬液供給管路系３０が連通しており、透過水排出管路系２０および薬液供給管路系３０は集水部１４に接続する部分を相互に兼用している。第１透過水排出管路系２０および薬液供給管路系３０は集水部１４にそれぞれ別途に接続することも可能である。 The first permeate drain 14 is connected to the first permeate drain line 20 and the chemical liquid supply line 30, and the permeate drain 20 and chemical supply line 30 are connected to the water collector. The part connected to 14 is also used mutually. The first permeated water discharge pipeline system 20 and the chemical solution supply pipeline system 30 can also be separately connected to the water collection unit 14.
　第１透過水排出管路系２０は第１透過水吸引ポンプ２１および第１バルブ２２を有して透過水排出手段をなし、第１の集水部１４を通して膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の透過水を第１透過水吸引ポンプ２１で吸引排出する。 The first permeate discharge conduit system 20 has a first permeate suction pump 21 and a first valve 22 to form a permeate discharge means, and passes through the first water collecting part 14 in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13. The permeated water is sucked and discharged by the first permeated water suction pump 21.
　薬液供給管路系３０は薬液供給ポンプ３１、第２バルブ３２および薬液槽３３を有して薬液供給手段をなし、第１の集水部１４を通して膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に洗浄薬液を供給する。 The chemical solution supply line system 30 includes a chemical solution supply pump 31, a second valve 32 and a chemical solution tank 33 to form a chemical solution supply means, and supplies the cleaning chemical solution into the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 through the first water collection unit 14. Supply.
　第２の集水部１５には大気開放管路系４０と薬液循環管路系５０と第２透過水排出管路系６０が連通しており、大気開放管路系４０と薬液循環管路系５０と第２透過水排出管路系６０は集水部１５に接続する部分を相互に兼用している。大気開放管路系４０と薬液循環管路系５０と第２透過水排出管路系６０は集水部１５にそれぞれ別途に接続することも可能である。 The second water collecting section 15 communicates with the atmospheric open conduit system 40, the chemical solution circulation conduit system 50, and the second permeate discharge conduit system 60, and the atmospheric open conduit system 40 and the chemical solution circulation conduit system are connected. 50 and the second permeated water discharge pipe line system 60 share a portion connected to the water collecting portion 15. The air opening conduit system 40, the chemical solution circulation conduit system 50, and the second permeated water discharge conduit system 60 can be separately connected to the water collecting section 15, respectively.
　大気開放管路系４０は第３バルブ４１を有して大気開放手段をなし、第２の集水部１５を通して置換用ガスとして大気中の空気を膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に自然吸気し、あるいは第２の集水部１５を通して膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の置換用ガスを大気中へ自然排気する。 The air release pipe line system 40 has a third valve 41 and serves as an air release means. The air in the atmosphere is naturally taken into the permeate flow passage of the membrane element 13 as a replacement gas through the second water collecting part 15. Alternatively, the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 is naturally exhausted to the atmosphere through the second water collecting portion 15.
　薬液循環管路系５０は薬液吸引ポンプ５１および第４バルブ５２を有し、第２の集水部１５を通して膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の洗浄薬液を薬液槽３３に循環させる。 The chemical solution circulation line system 50 includes a chemical solution suction pump 51 and a fourth valve 52, and circulates the cleaning chemical solution in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 through the second water collecting unit 15 to the chemical solution tank 33.
　第２透過水排出管路系６０は第２透過水吸引ポンプ６１および第５バルブ６２を有して透過水排出手段をなし、第２の集水部１５を通して膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の透過水を第２透過水吸引ポンプ６１で吸引排出する。 The second permeated water discharge pipe system 60 has a second permeated water suction pump 61 and a fifth valve 62 to form a permeated water discharging means, and passes through the second water collecting portion 15 in the permeated water flow path of the membrane element 13. The permeated water is sucked and discharged by the second permeated water suction pump 61.
　本実施の形態において、薬液供給管路系３０と薬液循環管路系５０は薬液槽３３を介して連通し、循環系を形成しているが、薬液供給管路系３０と薬液循環管路系５０とを接続しない構成とすることも可能である。 In the present embodiment, the chemical solution supply pipeline system 30 and the chemical solution circulation pipeline system 50 communicate with each other via the chemical solution tank 33 to form a circulation system. However, the chemical solution supply pipeline system 30 and the chemical solution circulation pipeline system It is also possible to adopt a configuration that does not connect 50.
　以下に、上記した構成の作用を説明する。図１２に示すように、本実施の形態では、膜モジュール１１の運転は、ろ過と空気置換と薬液洗浄と空気置換を行なう。以下に詳述する。
（ろ過）
　図３に示すように、第２バルブ３２、第３バルブ４１、第４バルブ５２を閉塞し、第１バルブ２２および第５バルブ６２を開放する。第１透過水吸引ポンプ２１および第２透過水吸引ポンプ６１により膜モジュール１１に吸引圧力を与え、各膜エレメント１３で被処理水をろ過し、ろ過膜を透過した透過水を膜エレメント１３の透過水流路から排出する。ブロア１１ｂにより供給する空気を散気装置１１ａから被処理水中に曝気し、被処理水中に生じる気液混相流により膜エレメント１３の膜面を洗浄する。
（薬液洗浄）
透過水排出工程
　図４に示すように、第２バルブ３２、第４バルブ５２、第５バルブ６２を閉塞し、第１バルブ２２および第３バルブ４１を開放する。第１透過水吸引ポンプ２１により各膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に残留する透過水を第１の集水部１４および第１透過水排出管路系２０を通して吸引排出しつつ、各膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に第２の集水部１５および大気開放管路系４０を通して置換用ガスとして空気を自然吸気し、膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の透過水を空気と置換する。
薬液置換工程
　図５に示すように、第１バルブ２２、第４バルブ５２および第５バルブ６２を閉塞し、第２バルブ３２、第３バルブ４１を開放する。薬液槽３３の洗浄薬液を薬液供給ポンプ３１により薬液供給管路系３０を通して第１の集水部１４の下部から膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に供給しつつ、膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の空気を第２の集水部１５の上部から大気開放管路系４０を通して自然排気し、膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の空気を洗浄薬液と置換する。
薬液洗浄工程
　膜モジュール１１に溜まった空気を追い出した後に、第３バルブ４１を閉塞し、第４バルブ５２を開放する。この状態で、第１の集水部１４を通して膜エレメント１３の透過水流路に洗浄薬液を供給しつつ、薬液吸引ポンプ５１により薬液循環管路系５０および第２の集水部１５を通して透過水流路から洗浄薬液を排出し、薬液槽３３に循環させる。そして、洗浄薬液が膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内を流れる状態を継続する。 Below, the effect | action of an above-described structure is demonstrated. As shown in FIG. 12, in the present embodiment, the operation of the membrane module 11 performs filtration, air replacement, chemical cleaning, and air replacement. This will be described in detail below.
(Filtration)
As shown in FIG. 3, the second valve 32, the third valve 41, and the fourth valve 52 are closed, and the first valve 22 and the fifth valve 62 are opened. A suction pressure is applied to the membrane module 11 by the first permeated water suction pump 21 and the second permeated water suction pump 61, the water to be treated is filtered by each membrane element 13, and the permeated water that has passed through the filtration membrane is passed through the membrane element 13. Drain from water channel. The air supplied from the blower 11b is aerated from the diffuser 11a into the water to be treated, and the membrane surface of the membrane element 13 is washed by the gas-liquid mixed phase flow generated in the water to be treated.
(Chemical cleaning)
Permeated Water Discharge Process As shown in FIG. 4, the second valve 32, the fourth valve 52, and the fifth valve 62 are closed, and the first valve 22 and the third valve 41 are opened. While the permeated water remaining in the permeated water flow path of each membrane element 13 is sucked and discharged through the first water collecting section 14 and the first permeated water discharge conduit system 20 by the first permeated water suction pump 21, each membrane element 13. Air is naturally aspirated as a replacement gas through the second water collecting portion 15 and the atmospheric open conduit system 40 in the permeate flow path, and the permeate in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 is replaced with air.
Chemical Solution Replacement Step As shown in FIG. 5, the first valve 22, the fourth valve 52, and the fifth valve 62 are closed, and the second valve 32 and the third valve 41 are opened. The cleaning chemical liquid in the chemical liquid tank 33 is supplied from the lower part of the first water collecting part 14 into the permeate water flow path of the membrane element 13 through the chemical liquid supply pipe system 30 by the chemical liquid supply pump 31 and into the permeate water flow path of the membrane element 13. Is naturally evacuated from the upper part of the second water collecting section 15 through the open air conduit system 40 to replace the air in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 with the cleaning chemical.
Chemical Solution Cleaning Step After the air accumulated in the membrane module 11 is expelled, the third valve 41 is closed and the fourth valve 52 is opened. In this state, the permeated water flow path is supplied through the chemical liquid circulation conduit system 50 and the second water collecting section 15 by the chemical liquid suction pump 51 while supplying the cleaning chemical liquid to the permeated water flow path of the membrane element 13 through the first water collecting section 14. Then, the cleaning chemical solution is drained and circulated in the chemical solution tank 33. Then, the state in which the cleaning chemical solution flows in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 is continued.
　本実施の形態では、薬液洗浄工程において洗浄薬液が膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内を流れる状態を継続した。しかしながら、薬液洗浄工程としては、洗浄薬液が膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に満ちる状態で所定時間にわたって静置することも可能である。
（実施の形態２）
　本発明の他の実施の形態を図６～図１１に示す。先の実施の形態と同様の構成要素には同符号を付して説明する。 In the present embodiment, the state in which the cleaning chemical solution flows in the permeate flow channel of the membrane element 13 in the chemical solution cleaning step is continued. However, as the chemical solution cleaning step, it is possible to leave the cleaning chemical solution for a predetermined time in a state where the cleaning chemical solution is filled in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13.
(Embodiment 2)
Another embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIGS. Constituent elements similar to those of the previous embodiment are described with the same reference numerals.
　本実施の形態では、図７～図１１に示すように、複数の膜モジュール１１を上下に積み重ねて膜カセット１０を構成する場合について説明する。 In the present embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 7 to 11, a case will be described in which a membrane cassette 10 is configured by stacking a plurality of membrane modules 11 vertically.
　図６に示すように、膜モジュール１１は第１の集水部１４と第２の集水部１５のそれぞれの上端面に設けた上部連結部１６およびそれぞれの下端面に設けた下部連結部１７を有しており、上部連結部１６および下部連結部１７は流路をなして集水部１４、１５の集水空間に連通している。膜モジュール１１を上下に積み重ねことで、下位の膜モジュール１１の上部連結部１６が上位の膜モジュール１１の下部連結部１７に接合し、上位の集水部１４、１５と下位の集水部１４、１５がそれぞれ連通する。 As shown in FIG. 6, the membrane module 11 includes an upper connecting portion 16 provided on each upper end surface of the first water collecting portion 14 and a second water collecting portion 15 and a lower connecting portion 17 provided on each lower end surface. The upper connecting part 16 and the lower connecting part 17 communicate with the water collecting spaces of the water collecting parts 14 and 15 by forming a flow path. By stacking the membrane modules 11 up and down, the upper connecting portion 16 of the lower membrane module 11 is joined to the lower connecting portion 17 of the upper membrane module 11, and the upper water collecting portions 14 and 15 and the lower water collecting portion 14 are joined. , 15 communicate with each other.
　図７～図１１に示すように、第１透過水排出管路系２０および薬液供給管路系３０は最下段の膜モジュール１１に対し、第１の集水部１４と第２の集水部１５の下部連結部１７に接続しており、双方の下部連結部１７の間に第６バルブ７１を介装している。透過水排出管路系２０および薬液供給管路系３０は集水部１４、集水部１５に接続する部分を相互に兼用しているが、それぞれ別途に設けることも可能である。 As shown in FIGS. 7 to 11, the first permeated water discharge pipeline system 20 and the chemical solution supply pipeline system 30 have a first water collection section 14 and a second water collection section with respect to the lowermost membrane module 11. 15, and a sixth valve 71 is interposed between the lower connecting portions 17. The permeated water discharge conduit system 20 and the chemical solution supply conduit system 30 share the portions connected to the water collection section 14 and the water collection section 15, but can be provided separately.
　第１透過水排出管路系２０は第１透過水吸引ポンプ２１および第１バルブ２２を有して透過水排出手段をなし、膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の透過水を第１透過水吸引ポンプ２１で吸引排出する。 The first permeate discharge conduit system 20 has a first permeate suction pump 21 and a first valve 22 to form a permeate discharge means, and the permeate in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 is sucked into the first permeate. The pump 21 sucks and discharges.
　薬液供給管路系３０は薬液供給ポンプ３１、第２バルブ３２および薬液槽３３を有して薬液供給手段をなし、膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に洗浄薬液を供給する。 The chemical solution supply line system 30 includes a chemical solution supply pump 31, a second valve 32, and a chemical solution tank 33 to form a chemical solution supply unit, and supplies a cleaning chemical solution into the permeate channel of the membrane element 13.
　最上段の膜モジュール１１の第２の集水部１５には大気開放管路系４０と薬液循環管路系５０と第２透過水排出管路系６０が連通している。大気開放管路系４０と薬液循環管路系５０と第２透過水排出管路系６０は集水部１５に接続する部分を相互に兼用しているが、それぞれ別途に設けることも可能である。 The second water collecting section 15 of the uppermost membrane module 11 is in communication with an open air conduit system 40, a chemical solution circulation conduit system 50, and a second permeate discharge conduit system 60. The atmosphere opening conduit system 40, the chemical solution circulation conduit system 50, and the second permeated water discharge conduit system 60 share the portion connected to the water collecting section 15, but can be provided separately. .
　大気開放管路系４０は第３バルブ４１を有して大気開放手段をなし、第２の集水部１５を通して置換用ガスとして大気中の空気を膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に自然吸気し、あるいは第２の集水部１５を通して膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の置換用ガスを大気中へ自然排気する。 The air release pipe line system 40 has a third valve 41 and serves as an air release means. The air in the atmosphere is naturally taken into the permeate flow passage of the membrane element 13 as a replacement gas through the second water collecting part 15. Alternatively, the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 is naturally exhausted to the atmosphere through the second water collecting portion 15.
　薬液循環管路系５０は薬液吸引ポンプ５１および第４バルブ５２を有し、第２の集水部１５を通して膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の洗浄薬液を薬液槽３３に循環させる。 The chemical solution circulation line system 50 includes a chemical solution suction pump 51 and a fourth valve 52, and circulates the cleaning chemical solution in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 through the second water collecting unit 15 to the chemical solution tank 33.
　第２透過水排出管路系６０は第２透過水吸引ポンプ６１および第５バルブ６２を有して透過水排出手段をなし、第２の集水部１５を通して膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の透過水を第２透過水吸引ポンプ６１で吸引排出する。 The second permeated water discharge pipe system 60 has a second permeated water suction pump 61 and a fifth valve 62 to form a permeated water discharging means, and passes through the second water collecting portion 15 in the permeated water flow path of the membrane element 13. The permeated water is sucked and discharged by the second permeated water suction pump 61.
　本実施の形態において、薬液供給管路系３０と薬液循環管路系５０は薬液槽３３を介して連通し、循環系を形成しているが、薬液供給管路系３０と薬液循環管路系５０とを接続しない構成とすることも可能である。 In the present embodiment, the chemical solution supply pipeline system 30 and the chemical solution circulation pipeline system 50 communicate with each other via the chemical solution tank 33 to form a circulation system. However, the chemical solution supply pipeline system 30 and the chemical solution circulation pipeline system It is also possible to adopt a configuration that does not connect 50.
　第１透過水排出管路系２０における第１透過液吸引ポンプ２１の吐出側には透過水貯溜管路系８０および薬液排出管路系９０が連通しており、透過水貯溜管路系８０と薬液排出管路系９０は第１透過水排出管路系２０に接続する部分を兼用している。 A permeate water storage conduit system 80 and a chemical liquid discharge conduit system 90 communicate with the discharge side of the first permeate suction pump 21 in the first permeate discharge conduit system 20. The chemical solution discharge pipeline system 90 also serves as a portion connected to the first permeate discharge pipeline system 20.
　透過水貯溜管路系８０は第７バルブ８１と第８バルブ８２と透過水貯溜槽８３を有し、薬液排出管路系９０は第９バルブ９１を有して薬液槽３３に連通している。 The permeate water storage line system 80 has a seventh valve 81, an eighth valve 82 and a permeate water storage tank 83, and the chemical liquid discharge pipe system 90 has a ninth valve 91 and communicates with the chemical liquid tank 33. .
　薬液供給管路系３０における薬液供給ポンプ３１の吸引側には透過水供給系１００が連通しており、透過水供給系１００は第１０バルブ１０１を有して用水供給手段をなし、透過水貯溜槽８３に連通している。 A permeated water supply system 100 communicates with the suction side of the chemical liquid supply pump 31 in the chemical liquid supply line system 30, and the permeated water supply system 100 has a tenth valve 101 to serve as water supply means, and stores permeated water. It communicates with the tank 83.
　上記した構成における作用を説明する。
（ろ過）
　図７に示すように、第２バルブ３２、第３バルブ４１、第４バルブ５２、第６バルブ７１、第７バルブ８１、第８バルブ８２、第９バルブ９１、第１０バルブ１０１を閉塞し、第１バルブ２２および第５バルブ６２を開放する。 The operation of the above configuration will be described.
(Filtration)
As shown in FIG. 7, the second valve 32, the third valve 41, the fourth valve 52, the sixth valve 71, the seventh valve 81, the eighth valve 82, the ninth valve 91, and the tenth valve 101 are closed. The first valve 22 and the fifth valve 62 are opened.
　第１透過水吸引ポンプ２１および第２透過水吸引ポンプ６１により膜モジュール１１に吸引圧力を与え、各膜エレメント１３で被処理水をろ過し、ろ過膜を透過した透過水を膜エレメント１３の透過水流路から排出する。ブロア１１ｂにより供給する空気を散気装置１１ａから被処理水中に曝気し、被処理水中に生じる気液混相流により膜エレメント１３の膜面を洗浄する。
（薬液洗浄）
透過水排出工程
　図８に示すように、第１バルブ２２、第２バルブ３２、第４バルブ５２、第５バルブ６２、第９バルブ９１、第１０バルブ１０１を閉塞し、第３バルブ４１、第６バルブ７１、第７バルブ８１および第８バルブ８２を開放する。 A suction pressure is applied to the membrane module 11 by the first permeated water suction pump 21 and the second permeated water suction pump 61, the water to be treated is filtered by each membrane element 13, and the permeated water that has passed through the filtration membrane is passed through the membrane element 13. Drain from water channel. The air supplied from the blower 11b is aerated from the diffuser 11a into the water to be treated, and the membrane surface of the membrane element 13 is washed by the gas-liquid mixed phase flow generated in the water to be treated.
(Chemical cleaning)
As shown in FIG. 8, the first valve 22, the second valve 32, the fourth valve 52, the fifth valve 62, the ninth valve 91, and the tenth valve 101 are closed, the third valve 41, The 6 valve 71, the seventh valve 81, and the eighth valve 82 are opened.
　第１透過水吸引ポンプ２１により各膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に残留する透過水を第１の集水部１４および第２の集水部１５、第１透過水排出管路系２０を通して吸引排出し、透過水貯溜管路系８０を通して透過水貯溜槽８３に供給しつつ、各膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に第２の集水部１５および大気開放管路系４０を通して置換用ガスとして空気を自然吸気し、膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の透過水を空気と置換する。 The first permeate suction pump 21 sucks the permeate remaining in the permeate flow path of each membrane element 13 through the first water collection unit 14, the second water collection unit 15, and the first permeate discharge pipe system 20. While being discharged and supplied to the permeate water storage tank 83 through the permeate water storage pipeline system 80, as a replacement gas through the second water collection unit 15 and the atmosphere open conduit system 40 in the permeate water flow path of each membrane element 13. Air is naturally aspirated, and the permeate in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 is replaced with air.
　このとき、第６バルブ７１の開放によってろ過作用を防止しつつ、空気の流動を優先させる。
薬液置換工程
　図９に示すように、第１バルブ２２、第４バルブ５２、第５バルブ６２、第６バルブ７１、第７バルブ８１、第８バルブ８２、第９バルブ９１、第１０バルブ１０１を閉塞し、第２バルブ３２、第３バルブ４１を開放する。 At this time, priority is given to the flow of air while preventing the filtering action by opening the sixth valve 71.
As shown in FIG. 9, the first valve 22, the fourth valve 52, the fifth valve 62, the sixth valve 71, the seventh valve 81, the eighth valve 82, the ninth valve 91, and the tenth valve 101 are arranged. The second valve 32 and the third valve 41 are opened.
　薬液槽３３の洗浄薬液を薬液供給ポンプ３１により薬液供給管路系３０を通して第１の集水部１４の下部から膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に供給しつつ、膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の空気を第２の集水部１５の上部から大気開放管路系４０を通して自然排気し、膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の空気を洗浄薬液と置換する。
薬液洗浄工程
　図９に示す状態で膜モジュール１１に溜まった空気を追い出した後に、第３バルブ４１を閉塞し、第４バルブ５２を開放する。この状態で、第１の集水部１４を通して膜エレメント１３の透過水流路に洗浄薬液を供給しつつ、薬液吸引ポンプ５１により薬液循環管路系５０および第２の集水部１５を通して透過水流路から洗浄薬液を排出し、薬液槽３３に循環させる。そして、洗浄薬液が膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内を流れる状態を継続する。 The cleaning chemical liquid in the chemical liquid tank 33 is supplied from the lower part of the first water collecting part 14 into the permeate water flow path of the membrane element 13 through the chemical liquid supply pipe system 30 by the chemical liquid supply pump 31 and into the permeate water flow path of the membrane element 13. Is naturally evacuated from the upper part of the second water collecting section 15 through the open air conduit system 40 to replace the air in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 with the cleaning chemical.
Chemical Cleaning Process After expelling the air accumulated in the membrane module 11 in the state shown in FIG. 9, the third valve 41 is closed and the fourth valve 52 is opened. In this state, the permeated water flow path is supplied through the chemical liquid circulation conduit system 50 and the second water collecting section 15 by the chemical liquid suction pump 51 while supplying the cleaning chemical liquid to the permeated water flow path of the membrane element 13 through the first water collecting section 14. Then, the cleaning chemical solution is drained and circulated in the chemical solution tank 33. Then, the state in which the cleaning chemical solution flows in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 is continued.
　本実施の形態では、薬液洗浄工程において洗浄薬液が膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内を流れる状態を継続した。しかしながら、薬液洗浄工程としては、洗浄薬液が膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に満ちる状態で所定時間にわたって静置することも可能である。
薬液排出工程
　図１０に示すように、第１バルブ２２、第２バルブ３２、第４バルブ５２、第５バルブ６２、第８バルブ８２、第１０バルブ１０１を閉塞し、第３バルブ４１、第６バルブ７１、第７バルブ８１、第９バルブ９１を開放する。 In the present embodiment, the state in which the cleaning chemical solution flows in the permeate flow channel of the membrane element 13 in the chemical solution cleaning step is continued. However, as the chemical solution cleaning step, it is possible to leave the cleaning chemical solution for a predetermined time in a state where the cleaning chemical solution is filled in the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13.
As shown in FIG. 10, the first valve 22, the second valve 32, the fourth valve 52, the fifth valve 62, the eighth valve 82, and the tenth valve 101 are closed, and the third valve 41, the sixth valve 101, The valve 71, the seventh valve 81, and the ninth valve 91 are opened.
　第１透過水吸引ポンプ２１により第１の集水部１４および第２の集水部１５を通して各膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に残留する洗浄薬液を吸引排出し、薬液排出管路系９０を通して薬液槽３３に供給しつつ、大気開放管路系４０および第２の集水部１５を通して膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に空気を自然吸気し、膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内および透過水流路に連通する配管内の洗浄薬液を置換用ガスの空気と入れ替える。
用水置換工程
　図１１に示すように、第１バルブ２２、第２バルブ３２、第４バルブ５２、第５バルブ６２、第６バルブ７１、第７バルブ８１、第８バルブ８２、第９バルブ９１を閉塞し、第３バルブ４１、第１０バルブ１０１を開放する。 The first permeated water suction pump 21 sucks and discharges the cleaning chemical remaining in the permeated water flow path of each membrane element 13 through the first water collecting section 14 and the second water collecting section 15, and passes through the chemical liquid discharging conduit system 90. While being supplied to the chemical tank 33, air is naturally sucked into the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 through the atmosphere open conduit system 40 and the second water collecting section 15, and the permeate flow path and the permeate flow path of the membrane element 13 are obtained. Replace the cleaning chemical in the pipe communicating with the air for the replacement gas.
Water Replacement Step As shown in FIG. 11, the first valve 22, the second valve 32, the fourth valve 52, the fifth valve 62, the sixth valve 71, the seventh valve 81, the eighth valve 82, and the ninth valve 91 are arranged. The third valve 41 and the tenth valve 101 are opened.
　薬液供給ポンプ３１により透過水貯溜槽８３の透過水を透過水供給系１００、第１の集水部１４を通して膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内に供給しつつ、大気開放管路系４０および第２の集水部１５を通して膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内の空気を自然排気し、膜エレメント１３の透過水流路内および透過水流路に連通する配管内の空気を置換用水の透過水と入れ替える。 While the permeated water in the permeated water storage tank 83 is supplied to the permeated water flow path of the membrane element 13 through the permeated water supply system 100 and the first water collecting section 14 by the chemical liquid supply pump 31, the open air system 40 and the second The air in the permeated water flow path of the membrane element 13 is naturally exhausted through the water collecting section 15, and the air in the permeated water flow path of the membrane element 13 and the pipe communicating with the permeated water flow path is replaced with the permeated water of the replacement water.
　その後に、図７に示す状態に復帰させてろ過運転を行う。 Then, return to the state shown in FIG.
　本実施の形態では、置換用水を透過水貯溜槽８３から供給している。しかしながら、置換用水は別途に設ける貯溜槽から供給することも可能である。 In this embodiment, replacement water is supplied from the permeate storage tank 83. However, the replacement water can be supplied from a separate storage tank.

Claims (12)

  1. 　透過水排出工程の後に薬液置換工程を備え、
    　透過水排出工程において、膜モジュールの透過水流路内に残留する透過水を吸引排出しつつ、膜モジュールの透過水流路内に置換用ガスを自然吸気して、膜モジュールの透過水流路内の透過水を置換用ガスと入れ替え、
    　薬液置換工程において、膜モジュールの透過水流路内に洗浄薬液を供給しつつ、膜モジュールの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを自然排気して、膜モジュールの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを洗浄薬液と入れ替えることを特徴とする膜モジュールの洗浄方法。     Provided with a chemical replacement process after the permeate discharge process,
    In the permeate discharge process, the permeate remaining in the permeate flow path of the membrane module is sucked and discharged, and the replacement gas is naturally sucked into the permeate flow path of the membrane module, so that the permeate in the permeate flow path of the membrane module is obtained. Replacing water with replacement gas,
    In the chemical replacement process, while supplying the cleaning chemical into the permeate flow path of the membrane module, the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane module is naturally exhausted to clean the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane module. A method for cleaning a membrane module, characterized in that it is replaced with a chemical solution.
  2. 　薬液置換工程の後に薬液洗浄工程を備え、
    　薬液洗浄工程において、洗浄薬液を膜モジュールの透過水流路内に供給しつつ、透過水流路から洗浄薬液を排出して洗浄薬液が透過水流路内を流れる状態を継続するか、
    　もしくは透過水流内に洗浄薬液を満たした状態で所定時間にわたって静置することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の膜モジュールの洗浄方法。     Provided with a chemical cleaning process after the chemical replacement process,
    In the chemical solution cleaning step, while supplying the cleaning chemical solution into the permeate flow channel of the membrane module, the cleaning chemical solution is discharged from the permeate flow channel and the state where the cleaning chemical solution flows through the permeate flow channel is continued,
    Alternatively, the membrane module cleaning method according to claim 1, wherein the membrane module is left standing for a predetermined time in a state where the cleaning chemical is filled in the permeated water flow.
  3. 　薬液洗浄工程の後に薬液排出工程を備え、
    　薬液排出工程において、膜モジュールの透過水流路内に残留する洗浄薬液を吸引排出しつつ、膜モジュールの透過水流路内に置換用ガスを自然吸気して、膜モジュールの透過水流路内の洗浄薬液を置換用ガスと入れ替えることを特徴とする請求項２に記載の膜モジュールの洗浄方法。     A chemical solution discharge step is provided after the chemical solution cleaning step,
    In the chemical solution discharging step, the cleaning chemical solution remaining in the permeate flow channel of the membrane module is sucked and discharged, and the replacement gas is naturally aspirated into the permeate flow channel of the membrane module, thereby cleaning the chemical solution in the permeate flow channel of the membrane module. 3. The method for cleaning a membrane module according to claim 2, wherein the gas is replaced with a replacement gas.
  4. 　薬液排出工程の後に用水置換工程を備え、
    　用水置換工程において、膜モジュールの透過水流路内に置換用水を供給しつつ、膜モジュールの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを自然排気して、膜モジュールの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを置換用水と入れ替えることを特徴とする請求項３に記載の膜モジュールの洗浄方法。     A water replacement step is provided after the chemical solution discharge step,
    In the water replacement step, the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane module is naturally exhausted while the replacement water is supplied into the permeate flow path of the membrane module to replace the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane module. 4. The membrane module cleaning method according to claim 3, wherein the membrane module is replaced with irrigation water.
  5. 　透過水排出工程で排出した透過水を一時貯溜し、この一時貯溜した透過水を用水置換工程で置換用水として使用することをことを特徴とする請求項４に記載の膜モジュールの洗浄方法。 The method for cleaning a membrane module according to claim 4, wherein the permeated water discharged in the permeated water discharging step is temporarily stored, and the temporarily stored permeated water is used as replacement water in the water replacement step.
  6. 　膜モジュールは、透過水流路が第１の集水部と第２の集水部とに連通する少なくとも一つの膜エレメントを備え、透過水排出工程で、膜エレメントの透過水流路内に残留する透過水を第１の集水部を通して吸引排出しつつ、膜エレメントの透過水流路内に第２の集水部を通して置換用ガスを自然吸気し、薬液置換工程で、膜エレメントの透過水流路内に第１の集水部を通して洗浄薬液を供給しつつ、膜エレメントの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを第２の集水部を通して自然排気することを特徴とする請求項１に記載の膜モジュールの洗浄方法。 The membrane module includes at least one membrane element having a permeate flow channel communicating with the first water collection portion and the second water collection portion, and the permeation remaining in the permeate flow channel of the membrane element in the permeate discharge step. While sucking and discharging water through the first water collection section, the replacement gas is naturally sucked into the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the second water collection section. 2. The membrane module according to claim 1, wherein the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is naturally exhausted through the second water collection unit while supplying the cleaning chemical solution through the first water collection unit. Cleaning method.
  7. 　薬液置換工程の後に薬液洗浄工程を備え、
    　薬液洗浄工程において、第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路に洗浄薬液を供給しつつ、第２の集水部を通して透過水流路から洗浄薬液を排出して洗浄薬液が膜エレメントの透過水流路内を流れる状態を継続するか、
    　もしくは透過水流内に洗浄薬液を満たした状態で所定時間にわたって静置することを特徴とする請求項６に記載の膜モジュールの洗浄方法。     Provided with a chemical cleaning process after the chemical replacement process,
    In the chemical solution cleaning step, the cleaning chemical solution is discharged from the permeate flow channel through the second water collection unit while supplying the cleaning chemical solution to the permeate flow channel of the membrane element through the first water collection unit, and the cleaning chemical solution is permeated through the membrane element. Continue to flow through the water channel,
    Alternatively, the membrane module cleaning method according to claim 6, wherein the membrane module is left standing for a predetermined time in a state where the cleaning chemical is filled in the permeated water flow.
  8. 　薬液洗浄工程の後に薬液排出工程を備え、
    　薬液排出工程において、第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に残留する洗浄薬液を吸引排出しつつ、第２の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に置換用ガスを自然吸気して、膜エレメントの透過水流路内の洗浄薬液を置換用ガスと入れ替えることを特徴とする請求項７に記載の膜モジュールの洗浄方法。     A chemical solution discharge step is provided after the chemical solution cleaning step,
    In the chemical solution discharging step, the replacement chemical gas is naturally introduced into the permeate flow channel of the membrane element through the second water collection portion while the cleaning chemical solution remaining in the permeate flow channel of the membrane element is sucked and discharged through the first water collection portion. 8. The method for cleaning a membrane module according to claim 7, wherein the cleaning chemical solution in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is replaced with a replacement gas by inhaling air.
  9. 　薬液排出工程の後に用水置換工程を備え、
    　用水置換工程において、第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に置換用水を供給しつつ、第２の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを自然排気して、膜エレメントの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを置換用水と入れ替えることを特徴とする請求項８に記載の膜モジュールの洗浄方法。     A water replacement step is provided after the chemical solution discharge step,
    In the water replacement step, the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is naturally exhausted through the second water collection section while supplying the replacement water into the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collection section. The method for cleaning a membrane module according to claim 8, wherein the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element is replaced with replacement water.
  10. 　透過水流路が第１の集水部と第２の集水部とに連通する少なくとも一つの膜エレメントを備えた膜モジュールと、第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に残留する透過水を吸引排出する透過水排出手段と、第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に洗浄薬液を供給する薬液供給手段と、第２の集水部を通して置換用ガスとして大気中の空気を膜エレメントの透過水流路内に自然吸気し、あるいは第２の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内の置換用ガスを大気中へ自然排気する大気開放手段とを備えることを特徴とする膜モジュールの洗浄装置。 A permeate flow path remains in the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collection section, the membrane module having at least one membrane element communicating with the first water collection section and the second water collection section Permeated water discharging means for sucking and discharging permeated water, chemical solution supplying means for supplying a cleaning chemical solution into the permeated water flow path of the membrane element through the first water collecting section, and replacement gas through the second water collecting section in the atmosphere Air release means for naturally inhaling the air into the permeate flow path of the membrane element, or for naturally exhausting the replacement gas in the permeate flow path of the membrane element to the atmosphere through the second water collecting portion. Membrane module cleaning device.
  11. 　第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に残留する洗浄薬液を吸引排出する薬液排出手段を備えることを特徴とする請求項１０に記載の膜モジュールの洗浄装置。 The membrane module cleaning device according to claim 10, further comprising a chemical solution discharging means for sucking and discharging the cleaning chemical solution remaining in the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collecting section.
  12. 　第１の集水部を通して膜エレメントの透過水流路内に置換用水を供給する用水供給手段を備えることを特徴とする請求項１１に記載の膜モジュールの洗浄装置。 The apparatus for cleaning a membrane module according to claim 11, further comprising water supply means for supplying replacement water into the permeate flow path of the membrane element through the first water collecting section.
PCT/JP2008/001021 2008-04-18 2008-04-18 Method of cleaning membrane module and apparatus therefor WO2009128119A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012045515A (en) * 2010-08-30 2012-03-08 Yuasa Membrane System:Kk Membrane element

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10118470A (en) * 1996-10-22 1998-05-12 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd Method of cleaning separation membrane module
JP2003024752A (en) * 2001-07-18 2003-01-28 Stem:Kk Filtering and separating membrane cartridge and filer device using the same

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH10118470A (en) * 1996-10-22 1998-05-12 Mitsubishi Rayon Co Ltd Method of cleaning separation membrane module
JP2003024752A (en) * 2001-07-18 2003-01-28 Stem:Kk Filtering and separating membrane cartridge and filer device using the same

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2012045515A (en) * 2010-08-30 2012-03-08 Yuasa Membrane System:Kk Membrane element

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