WO2009125045A1 - Floor construction - Google Patents

Floor construction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009125045A1
WO2009125045A1 PCT/FI2008/050168 FI2008050168W WO2009125045A1 WO 2009125045 A1 WO2009125045 A1 WO 2009125045A1 FI 2008050168 W FI2008050168 W FI 2008050168W WO 2009125045 A1 WO2009125045 A1 WO 2009125045A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
material section
floor construction
coating material
construction according
coating
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FI2008/050168
Other languages
French (fr)
Inventor
Jorma Pulkkinen
Original Assignee
Joptek Oy Composites
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Joptek Oy Composites filed Critical Joptek Oy Composites
Priority to PCT/FI2008/050168 priority Critical patent/WO2009125045A1/en
Publication of WO2009125045A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009125045A1/en

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Classifications

    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04F—FINISHING WORK ON BUILDINGS, e.g. STAIRS, FLOORS
    • E04F15/00—Flooring
    • E04F15/12—Flooring or floor layers made of masses in situ, e.g. seamless magnesite floors, terrazzo gypsum floors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B15/08—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B32B15/09—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
    • B32B15/18—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising iron or steel
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
    • B32B17/02—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres in the form of fibres or filaments
    • B32B17/04—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres in the form of fibres or filaments bonded with or embedded in a plastic substance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form
    • B32B3/10—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material
    • B32B3/12—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar form; Layered products having particular features of form characterised by a discontinuous layer, i.e. formed of separate pieces of material characterised by a layer of regularly- arranged cells, e.g. a honeycomb structure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/12—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer characterised by the relative arrangement of fibres or filaments of different layers, e.g. the fibres or filaments being parallel or perpendicular to each other
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/22—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed
    • B32B5/24—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B32B5/26—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by the presence of two or more layers which are next to each other and are fibrous, filamentary, formed of particles or foamed one layer being a fibrous or filamentary layer another layer next to it also being fibrous or filamentary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/402—Coloured
    • B32B2307/4023—Coloured on the layer surface, e.g. ink
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/416—Reflective
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/744—Non-slip, anti-slip
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2419/00—Buildings or parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2471/00—Floor coverings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2605/00—Vehicles
    • B32B2605/12—Ships

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a floor construction particularly for lightweight balconies, promenade decks and bathrooms of ships, which floor construction includes a load- bearing base material section and a coating material section fastened on top of it.
  • the lightweight balconies and promenade decks of cruisers have conventionally been coated with moisture-proof wood boardings, such as teak and oak boardings.
  • moisture-proof wood boardings such as teak and oak boardings.
  • the availability of these wood species has recently become more and more difficult, due to which they have had to be mainly abandoned.
  • substitute coating poly- urethane mass has been started to be utilised which mass is cast on top of steel or aluminium decks.
  • the polyurethane coating has many advantageous characteristics. Its disadvantage is, however, high costs and, inter alia, that patterning the coating is difficult. Furthermore, keeping the finished polyurethane coating hygienic and sanitary is quite laborious.
  • the object of the invention is to provide a floor construction by means of which above-mentioned disadvantages related to the present floor constructions of lightweight balconies and promenade decks of ships are eliminated.
  • the object of the invention is to introduce a floor construction applicable to the lightweight balconies and promenade decks of ships the coating of which is durable, cost- effective and the keeping of which hygienic and sanitary is easier than that of PU- coated lightweight balconies.
  • the object of the invention is to introduce a floor construction applicable to the lightweight balconies and promenade decks of ships by means of which greater rigidity and better impact strength are provided compared to known floor constructions having a similar basic structure.
  • the floor construction according to the invention is characterised by that the coating material section is composed of surface gel, a glass-fibre mat and a layer of fibre reinforced plastic laminated in them.
  • Such a coating material section is durable, more cost-effective of its manufacturing costs than recently known PU coating and sur- face materials manufactured of durable wood species. Additionally, such a coating is more hygienic and sanitary than the recently known PU coatings.
  • the load- bearing base material section is a honeycomb board manufactured of metal which includes surface sheets and a honeycomb structure between them.
  • the honeycomb board is light and has a great load-bearing capacity.
  • the rigidity of the base material section composed of the honeycomb board can be further increased, still not increasing the weight of the construction in relation to floor constructions coated in known ways.
  • the reinforced plastic layer is composed of polyester resin reinforced with glass fibre which includes at least 30% of glass-fibre reinforcement. The rigidity of such coating material is considerably greater than the rigidity of conventional coating materials (e.g. PU coating materials).
  • such a coating material section increases the rigidity and the load-bearing capacity of the whole floor construction. Due to this, e.g. the thickness of the surface sheet of the honeycomb board structured base material section can be decreased, whereby the material of the base material section is spared.
  • a coating material section including this much glass fibre reinforcement it is possible to increase the impact strength of the coating in relation to a cor- responding PU-coated floor construction. This is important particularly when the base material section is composed of honeycomb board manufactured of aluminium, because dents or depressions occur extremely easily on the floor construction composed of a honeycomb board coated with PU coating from impacts, such as falling items etc., directed at the surface during use.
  • a coating pattern has been formed in the glass fibre mat of the coating material section for providing desired colour and appearance on the surface of the floor construction.
  • the floor construction is infallibly made to appear like the desired kind of surface, such as e.g. teak boarding.
  • the surface of the coating material section is formed in the shape of the surface of the material corresponding the coating pattern. Due to the shaping of the surface, it is possible to make the shape of the surface resemble the desired surface, whereby the surface is made to appear and feel more genuine than just a patterned surface.
  • minerals increasing fire-resistance and rigidity have been added in the coating material section.
  • the load-bearing capacity and the fire safety of the floor material are improved, whereby it is possible to make the floor construction more lightweight and the fire safety requirements set for the floor construction are more reliably ful- filled.
  • particles increasing friction have been added on the surface of the coating material section. Then, the surface of the coating material section is achieved less slippery and safer in a wet weather and in winter.
  • particles of colour and/or reflecting light have been added on the surface of the coating material section. By sparkling particles, many different colour effects are provided in the floor material. For example, it is possible to add glimmering glitter on the surface of the promenade deck of a luxury cruiser, whereby the floor surface appears more fes- tive and expensive.
  • Fig. 1 shows a cross section of an upper part of a floor construction according to the invention
  • Fig. 2 shows a cross section of another floor construction according to the invention.
  • the floor construction according to Fig. 1 can be used e.g. as the floor construction of a lightweight balcony of a cruiser. It is composed of a base material section 1 and a coating material section 2 fastened on top of it.
  • the appearance of the floor is in this case an imitation of a floor covered with teak boarding i.e. the surface appears similar to the teak-boarded surface in which there are teak boards sealed with black seal putty.
  • the base material section 1 is composed of a honeycomb board in which there are surface sheets 3 and a stiffener honeycomb 4 of the shape of a comb of honey be- tween them.
  • the honeycomb board composing the base material section is manufactured of aluminium in a way known as such.
  • the total thickness of the honeycomb board is in this case 40 mm.
  • the thickness of the surface sheets 3 of the base material section and the material of the honeycomb are chosen such that the base material section endures loads applied to it.
  • the coating material section is a composite construction manufactured by laminating in a mould and laminated in the base material section.
  • the outer surface of the coating material section is composed of 0.5-mm thick surface gel 5 (so-called gel- coat surface) onto the inner surface of which is laminated a glass fibre mat 6 in which an imitation pattern of teak boarding (not shown in the figure) has been formed by a photographic technique.
  • the glass fibre mat is laminated in a reinforced plastic layer which is reinforced with glass-fibre reinforcements.
  • the thickness of the reinforced plastic layer and the glass fibre mat is about 1.4 mm, whereby the total thickness of the coating material section becomes in this case about 2 mm.
  • Polyester resin is the matrix in this embodiment.
  • the glass-fibre reinforcements are located in the reinforced plastic layer on several layers on top of each other such that on each identical layer the reinforcements are parallel.
  • the relative portion of the reinforcements in the thickness of the whole reinforced plastic layer is provided in the above-mentioned way relatively large in relation to conventional re- inforced plastic materials, because of which the rigidity of the coating material section is notably larger than that of conventional reinforced plastic materials. Due to its rigidity, such a coating material section also increases the load-bearing capacity of the whole floor construction. Furthermore, the rigidity and strength of the coating material section improve the impact strength of the base material section manufac- tured of honeycomb board such that even quite large objects falling onto the floor construction do not very easily cause dents or depressions on the surface of the floor.
  • the floor construction shown in Fig. 2 can be used e.g. in the floor of a promenade deck of a ship.
  • a base material section 8 is composed of a steel sheet con- struction 10 reinforced by means of reinforcements in a way known as such.
  • a coating material section 9 otherwise corresponds the coating material section according to Fig. 1 but is fastened to the base material section with PU glue.
  • the pattern of the coating is in this embodiment a slab pattern imitating a clinker surface. Then in the embodiment of Fig. 2, the pattern of clinker tiling is transferred on the surface of the glass fibre mat with a photographic technique.
  • the surface of the coating material section 9 is designed such that the surfaces of slabs 10 are somewhat higher than seam patterns 11 between the slabs just like an authentic tiling. Also, the points of the slabs 10 are designed such that the surface of the slabs imitates the shape of the surface of a corresponding authentic slab. This way, the surface of the floor construction is provided infallibly imitating an authentic tiled surface.
  • the floor construction according to the invention can further be implemented differently from the above-described embodiment examples.
  • crushed quartz has been added between the surface gel and the glass fibre mat of the coating material section of the floor construction for improving the fric- tion of the coating.
  • particles well reflecting light have been added between the surface gel and the glass fibre mat of the coating material section such that the coating is achieved light-reflecting and glittering.
  • light diodes of colour and/or emitting white light have been recessed in the coating material section for forming different light effects, such as different light patterns, on the surface of the floor construction.
  • a target of applica- tion can be in addition to the above-described example e.g. the floors of ship or hotel bathrooms.
  • an advantage is that there is no need to install slabs, plastic mat or water-proofing materials, because the floor construction according to the invention is water-proof and -resistant as such and can be easily kept sanitary. Furthermore, such a floor construction can also be patterned and designed such that it infallibly imitates e.g. a tiled bathroom floor.

Abstract

The invention relates to a floor construction particularly for lightweight balconies, promenade decks and bathrooms of ships, which floor construction includes a load- bearing base material section (1; 8) and a coating material section (2; 9) fastened on top of it. In the floor construction according to the invention, the coating material section (2; 9) is composed of surface gel (5), a glass-fibre mat (6) and a layer of fibre reinforced plastic (7) laminated in them.

Description

FLOOR CONSTRUCTION
The invention relates to a floor construction particularly for lightweight balconies, promenade decks and bathrooms of ships, which floor construction includes a load- bearing base material section and a coating material section fastened on top of it. The lightweight balconies and promenade decks of cruisers have conventionally been coated with moisture-proof wood boardings, such as teak and oak boardings. The availability of these wood species has recently become more and more difficult, due to which they have had to be mainly abandoned. As substitute coating, poly- urethane mass has been started to be utilised which mass is cast on top of steel or aluminium decks. The polyurethane coating has many advantageous characteristics. Its disadvantage is, however, high costs and, inter alia, that patterning the coating is difficult. Furthermore, keeping the finished polyurethane coating hygienic and sanitary is quite laborious.
The object of the invention is to provide a floor construction by means of which above-mentioned disadvantages related to the present floor constructions of lightweight balconies and promenade decks of ships are eliminated. Particularly, the object of the invention is to introduce a floor construction applicable to the lightweight balconies and promenade decks of ships the coating of which is durable, cost- effective and the keeping of which hygienic and sanitary is easier than that of PU- coated lightweight balconies. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to introduce a floor construction applicable to the lightweight balconies and promenade decks of ships by means of which greater rigidity and better impact strength are provided compared to known floor constructions having a similar basic structure.
The object of the invention is achieved with a floor construction which is charac- terised by what is presented in the claims.
The floor construction according to the invention is characterised by that the coating material section is composed of surface gel, a glass-fibre mat and a layer of fibre reinforced plastic laminated in them. Such a coating material section is durable, more cost-effective of its manufacturing costs than recently known PU coating and sur- face materials manufactured of durable wood species. Additionally, such a coating is more hygienic and sanitary than the recently known PU coatings.
In an embodiment of the floor construction according to the invention, the load- bearing base material section is a honeycomb board manufactured of metal which includes surface sheets and a honeycomb structure between them. The honeycomb board is light and has a great load-bearing capacity. By the composite-structured coating material section, the rigidity of the base material section composed of the honeycomb board can be further increased, still not increasing the weight of the construction in relation to floor constructions coated in known ways. In an embodiment of the floor construction according to the invention, the reinforced plastic layer is composed of polyester resin reinforced with glass fibre which includes at least 30% of glass-fibre reinforcement. The rigidity of such coating material is considerably greater than the rigidity of conventional coating materials (e.g. PU coating materials). Thus, such a coating material section increases the rigidity and the load-bearing capacity of the whole floor construction. Due to this, e.g. the thickness of the surface sheet of the honeycomb board structured base material section can be decreased, whereby the material of the base material section is spared. In addition, by a coating material section including this much glass fibre reinforcement, it is possible to increase the impact strength of the coating in relation to a cor- responding PU-coated floor construction. This is important particularly when the base material section is composed of honeycomb board manufactured of aluminium, because dents or depressions occur extremely easily on the floor construction composed of a honeycomb board coated with PU coating from impacts, such as falling items etc., directed at the surface during use. In an embodiment of the floor construction according to the invention, a coating pattern has been formed in the glass fibre mat of the coating material section for providing desired colour and appearance on the surface of the floor construction. This way, the floor construction is infallibly made to appear like the desired kind of surface, such as e.g. teak boarding. In an embodiment of the floor construction according to the invention, the surface of the coating material section is formed in the shape of the surface of the material corresponding the coating pattern. Due to the shaping of the surface, it is possible to make the shape of the surface resemble the desired surface, whereby the surface is made to appear and feel more genuine than just a patterned surface. In an embodiment of the floor construction according to the invention, minerals increasing fire-resistance and rigidity have been added in the coating material section. Due to this, the load-bearing capacity and the fire safety of the floor material are improved, whereby it is possible to make the floor construction more lightweight and the fire safety requirements set for the floor construction are more reliably ful- filled. In an embodiment of the floor construction according to the invention, particles increasing friction have been added on the surface of the coating material section. Then, the surface of the coating material section is achieved less slippery and safer in a wet weather and in winter. In an embodiment of the floor construction according to the invention, particles of colour and/or reflecting light have been added on the surface of the coating material section. By colourful particles, many different colour effects are provided in the floor material. For example, it is possible to add glimmering glitter on the surface of the promenade deck of a luxury cruiser, whereby the floor surface appears more fes- tive and expensive.
The invention will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which
Fig. 1 shows a cross section of an upper part of a floor construction according to the invention, and Fig. 2 shows a cross section of another floor construction according to the invention.
The floor construction according to Fig. 1 can be used e.g. as the floor construction of a lightweight balcony of a cruiser. It is composed of a base material section 1 and a coating material section 2 fastened on top of it. The appearance of the floor is in this case an imitation of a floor covered with teak boarding i.e. the surface appears similar to the teak-boarded surface in which there are teak boards sealed with black seal putty.
The base material section 1 is composed of a honeycomb board in which there are surface sheets 3 and a stiffener honeycomb 4 of the shape of a comb of honey be- tween them. The honeycomb board composing the base material section is manufactured of aluminium in a way known as such. The total thickness of the honeycomb board is in this case 40 mm. The thickness of the surface sheets 3 of the base material section and the material of the honeycomb are chosen such that the base material section endures loads applied to it. The coating material section is a composite construction manufactured by laminating in a mould and laminated in the base material section. The outer surface of the coating material section is composed of 0.5-mm thick surface gel 5 (so-called gel- coat surface) onto the inner surface of which is laminated a glass fibre mat 6 in which an imitation pattern of teak boarding (not shown in the figure) has been formed by a photographic technique. The glass fibre mat is laminated in a reinforced plastic layer which is reinforced with glass-fibre reinforcements. The thickness of the reinforced plastic layer and the glass fibre mat is about 1.4 mm, whereby the total thickness of the coating material section becomes in this case about 2 mm. Polyester resin is the matrix in this embodiment. The glass-fibre reinforcements are located in the reinforced plastic layer on several layers on top of each other such that on each identical layer the reinforcements are parallel. Due to this, the relative portion of the reinforcements in the thickness of the whole reinforced plastic layer is provided in the above-mentioned way relatively large in relation to conventional re- inforced plastic materials, because of which the rigidity of the coating material section is notably larger than that of conventional reinforced plastic materials. Due to its rigidity, such a coating material section also increases the load-bearing capacity of the whole floor construction. Furthermore, the rigidity and strength of the coating material section improve the impact strength of the base material section manufac- tured of honeycomb board such that even quite large objects falling onto the floor construction do not very easily cause dents or depressions on the surface of the floor.
The floor construction shown in Fig. 2 can be used e.g. in the floor of a promenade deck of a ship. There, a base material section 8 is composed of a steel sheet con- struction 10 reinforced by means of reinforcements in a way known as such. A coating material section 9 otherwise corresponds the coating material section according to Fig. 1 but is fastened to the base material section with PU glue. The pattern of the coating is in this embodiment a slab pattern imitating a clinker surface. Then in the embodiment of Fig. 2, the pattern of clinker tiling is transferred on the surface of the glass fibre mat with a photographic technique. Furthermore, the surface of the coating material section 9 is designed such that the surfaces of slabs 10 are somewhat higher than seam patterns 11 between the slabs just like an authentic tiling. Also, the points of the slabs 10 are designed such that the surface of the slabs imitates the shape of the surface of a corresponding authentic slab. This way, the surface of the floor construction is provided infallibly imitating an authentic tiled surface.
In many ways, the floor construction according to the invention can further be implemented differently from the above-described embodiment examples. In an embodiment, crushed quartz has been added between the surface gel and the glass fibre mat of the coating material section of the floor construction for improving the fric- tion of the coating. In another embodiment, particles well reflecting light have been added between the surface gel and the glass fibre mat of the coating material section such that the coating is achieved light-reflecting and glittering. In a further embodiment, light diodes of colour and/or emitting white light have been recessed in the coating material section for forming different light effects, such as different light patterns, on the surface of the floor construction. Furthermore, a target of applica- tion can be in addition to the above-described example e.g. the floors of ship or hotel bathrooms. In the case of a bathroom floor, an advantage is that there is no need to install slabs, plastic mat or water-proofing materials, because the floor construction according to the invention is water-proof and -resistant as such and can be easily kept sanitary. Furthermore, such a floor construction can also be patterned and designed such that it infallibly imitates e.g. a tiled bathroom floor.
The invention is not limited to the described advantageous embodiments, but it can vary within the scope of the inventive idea presented in the claims.

Claims

1. A floor construction particularly for lightweight balconies, promenade decks and bathrooms of ships, which floor construction includes a load-bearing base material section (1; 8) and a coating material section (2; 9) fastened on top of it, c h a r - a c t e r i s e d in that the coating material section (2; 9) is composed of surface gel (5), a glass fibre mat (6) and a glass fibre reinforced plastic layer (7) laminated in them.
2. A floor construction according to claim 1, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the load-bearing base material section (1; 8) is a honeycomb board manufactured of metal which includes surface sheets (3) and a honeycomb structure (4) between them.
3. A floor construction according to claim 1 or 2, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the reinforced plastic layer (7) is composed of polyester resin reinforced with glass fibre which includes at least 30% of glass-fibre reinforcement.
4. A floor construction according to any one of claims 1-3, c h a r a c t e r - i s e d in that a coating pattern has been formed in the glass fibre mat (6) of the coating material section (2; 9) for providing desired colour and appearance on the surface of the floor construction.
5. A floor construction according to claim 4, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that the surface of the coating material section (2; 9) is designed in the shape of the surface of the material corresponding the coating pattern.
6. A floor construction according to any one of claims 1-5, c h a r a c t e r - i s e d in that minerals increasing fire resistance and rigidity have been added in the coating material section (2; 9).
7. A floor construction according to any one of claims 1-6, c h a r a c t e r - i s e d in that the coating material section (2; 9) is fastened to the load-bearing base material section (1; 8) by glueing.
8. A floor construction according to any one of claims 1-6, c h a r a c t e r - i s e d in that the coating material section (2; 9) is fastened to the load-bearing base material section (1; 8) by laminating.
9. A floor construction according to any one of claims 1-8, c h a r a c t e r i s e d in that particles increasing friction have been added on the surface of the coating material section (2; 9).
10. A floor construction according to any one of claims 1 -9, c h a r a c t e r - i s e d in that particles of colour and/or reflecting light have been added on the surface of the coating material section (2; 9).
PCT/FI2008/050168 2008-04-08 2008-04-08 Floor construction WO2009125045A1 (en)

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Cited By (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103255902A (en) * 2013-01-25 2013-08-21 常州百美金属科技有限公司 Aluminum honeycomb antistatic floor

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US4353947A (en) * 1981-10-05 1982-10-12 International Harvester Co. Laminated composite structure and method of manufacture
US4817360A (en) * 1987-05-04 1989-04-04 Gorman James R Premolded fiberglass deck covering, deck and premolded fiberglass covering combination, and method of making a premolded fiberglass deck covering
JPH07241916A (en) * 1994-03-08 1995-09-19 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd Reinforced plastic molded product and manufacture thereof
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CN103255902A (en) * 2013-01-25 2013-08-21 常州百美金属科技有限公司 Aluminum honeycomb antistatic floor

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