WO2009124459A1 - 一种上行功率控制方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种上行功率控制方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009124459A1
WO2009124459A1 PCT/CN2009/000341 CN2009000341W WO2009124459A1 WO 2009124459 A1 WO2009124459 A1 WO 2009124459A1 CN 2009000341 W CN2009000341 W CN 2009000341W WO 2009124459 A1 WO2009124459 A1 WO 2009124459A1
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Prior art keywords
user equipments
power
user
orthogonality
power control
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PCT/CN2009/000341
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
田春长
金婧
王亚峰
刘光毅
沈晓冬
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中国移动通信集团公司
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Application filed by 中国移动通信集团公司 filed Critical 中国移动通信集团公司
Priority to KR1020107024546A priority Critical patent/KR101202995B1/ko
Priority to EP09730917.3A priority patent/EP2252117B1/en
Priority to US12/936,459 priority patent/US8498194B2/en
Priority to JP2011501091A priority patent/JP2011520314A/ja
Publication of WO2009124459A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009124459A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04B—TRANSMISSION
    • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
    • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
    • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
    • H04B7/0413—MIMO systems
    • H04B7/0452—Multi-user MIMO systems
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/243—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters taking into account interferences
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/06—TPC algorithms
    • H04W52/14—Separate analysis of uplink or downlink
    • H04W52/146—Uplink power control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/24—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters
    • H04W52/248—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using SIR [Signal to Interference Ratio] or other wireless path parameters where transmission power control commands are generated based on a path parameter
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/18—TPC being performed according to specific parameters
    • H04W52/26—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W52/262—TPC being performed according to specific parameters using transmission rate or quality of service QoS [Quality of Service] taking into account adaptive modulation and coding [AMC] scheme
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/04—TPC
    • H04W52/38—TPC being performed in particular situations
    • H04W52/40—TPC being performed in particular situations during macro-diversity or soft handoff

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to an uplink power control method and apparatus. Background technique
  • the multiple input multiple output (MIMO) system has solved the above problem.
  • the channel capacity increases linearly with the number of antennas, which means that the MIMO channel can be doubled.
  • virtual MIMO technology is researched on the basis of Multiple Input Multiple Output (MIMO) technology.
  • MIMO Multiple Input Multiple Output
  • the traditional Adaptive Power Control (APC) method is: Set the power control threshold for all users, and measure the carrier-to-interference ratio of the target signal by the network side and compare it with the set threshold. If it is higher than the set threshold Then the transmission power level is lowered and the setting of Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) is determined. Otherwise, the transmitting end raises the transmission power level (when the transmission power does not reach the maximum allowable value) and determines the AMC setting. It can be seen that the existing power control process is for a single user equipment, and only the channel condition of the individual is considered when performing power control on a certain user equipment.
  • AMC Adaptive Modulation and Coding
  • the embodiment of the invention provides an uplink power control method and device, which is used for implementing uplink power control on a virtual MIMO system to save system resources.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an uplink power control method, including:
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for uplink power control, including:
  • An obtaining module configured to determine at least two user devices paired in the virtual multiple input multiple output system
  • a calculation module configured to determine, according to orthogonality between the at least two user equipments, a power that needs to be adjusted between the at least two user equipments;
  • the adjustment module is configured to adjust the power of at least one user equipment according to the determined power to be adjusted.
  • An embodiment of the present invention provides a system for uplink power control, including:
  • At least two user equipments At least two user equipments
  • a network side device configured to determine at least two user equipments that are paired in the virtual multiple input multiple output system, and adjust at least one of the user equipment powers according to orthogonality between the at least two user equipments.
  • the embodiment of the present invention performs power control on the paired UE in the virtual MO system as a whole, satisfies the orthogonality of power allocation between them, reduces interference between UEs, improves transmission quality, and reduces system caused by unnecessary power increase. Waste of resources.
  • FIG. 1 is a main flowchart of an uplink power control method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the figure is a detailed flowchart of the uplink power control method in the embodiment of the present invention.
  • 3 is a main structural diagram of a device in an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the embodiment of the present invention first determines a plurality of user equipments (UEs) to be paired in the virtual MIMO system, and then adjusts at least one uplink power of the UE according to the orthogonality between the multiple UEs, and ensures that the UEs are interfering with each other. In a small case, the power quality is adjusted to ensure the transmission quality, and the waste of excess power is avoided.
  • UEs user equipments
  • the main process of the uplink power control method in this embodiment is as follows:
  • Step 101 Determine at least two user equipments paired in the virtual multiple input multiple output system.
  • the paired at least two user equipments can be determined by any pairing method, such as random pairing or orthogonal pairing.
  • Step 102 Determine, according to orthogonality between the at least two user equipments, a power size that needs to be adjusted between the at least two user equipments.
  • Step 103 Adjust at least power of one of the at least two user equipments.
  • the orthogonality between a plurality of UEs in this embodiment is determined by constructing a channel matrix with respect to a plurality of UEs and further obtaining an orthogonal matrix.
  • the channel matrix is constructed first. Take two UEs (such as UE1 and UE2) as an example, in 2 X 2 virtual
  • the channel matrix can be expressed as:
  • n represents the nth subcarrier
  • ? ,with? 2 denotes the expected transmission power of UE1 and UE2, respectively
  • L and h denote two factors that affect the channel quality, 1 ⁇ and 2 respectively represent 1; £ and 1; the sum of propagation loss and shadow fading of £2, h fibre, h 12 , h 21 and h 22 respectively represent the fast fading of the two transmitting antennas to the two receiving antennas.
  • the factors affecting the channel quality are not limited to this. In this embodiment, only two factors, L and h, are taken as an example for description.
  • the orthogonality of UE1 and UE2 is the best, that is, the orthogonality of UE1 and UE2 is reflected by the orthogonality of the channel matrix ⁇ ", so that the interference between them is the smallest.
  • ⁇ is the ratio of the desired signal to noise ratios of UE1 and UE2.
  • Equation 4 shows that? , the ratio of the relationship with ⁇ 2 , and the power can only be turned up, down or remain unchanged, so need to find? , the difference relationship with 1. Then perform a logarithm operation on Equation 4, which is: ", u
  • Equation 6 By taking the logarithm of the two sides in Equation 4, the relationship in Equation 6 below can be obtained.
  • the DB value is taken for Equation 4, where DB represents 10 times the base 10 logarithm. get? ,versus?
  • the difference relationship of 2 is:
  • Equation 6 may need to be right? ,and / or? 2 , adjust to make them meet the relationship of Equation 6, that is, only P 2 can be adjusted, or both can be adjusted. Which adjustment method is used, and other factors need to be considered, such as considering the positions of UE1 and UE2.
  • UE1 and UE2 are located in the middle of the cell, there is almost no interference to the neighboring cell, and the power may be adjusted to improve the transmission quality, if UE1 and UE2 At the edge of the cell, consider reducing the power to reduce the interference to the neighboring cell; or, consider the total power control in the cell, because the highest total power in the cell is certain, if the maximum threshold of the total power distance in the current cell is relatively large , especially when it is raised? ,with? In the case of 2 , the maximum threshold of the total power in the cell will not be exceeded. Then, the power is increased to increase the transmission shield. If the current maximum power distance in the cell is relatively small, especially when the height is increased?
  • the power is selected to reduce the system resources. Correct? ,and / or? The determination of 2 can further consider the Modulation and Coding Scheme (MCS) level, the path loss difference between the neighboring cell and the local cell, the large-scale fading, the downlink path loss, and the signal-to-noise ratio. Then determine that the adjusted power P is:
  • MCS Modulation and Coding Scheme
  • a J3 ⁇ 4f/MO indicates the amount of power that needs to be adjusted on subcarrier i.
  • N in the middle indicates the total number of subcarriers used by the UE, since UE1 and UE2 use the same time-frequency resource;
  • f(A) represents the closed-loop power correction value, when ⁇ ⁇ ) takes 0, it is open-loop power control;
  • ⁇ / town ⁇ is the parameter value corresponding to the MCS level;
  • ⁇ represents the noise over a period of time
  • NI Noise + Interference;
  • PL represents the downlink path loss measured by the UE side;
  • Pmax is expressed as the maximum transmit power of the UE.
  • ⁇ _ ⁇ / we can calculate ⁇ ⁇ 0 ' for each sub-carrier by Equation 5; or, if the channel quality of each sub-carrier is substantially the same, the difference between them is within a preset range. It can be calculated only for one subcarrier, and the other subcarriers can take the same value; or, several subcarriers are selected to calculate jW) ', and then averaged, and -VMIMOi of all subcarriers is determined according to the average value. Regarding the MN of all subcarriers used by ⁇ . The calculation method of i may not be limited to this, and will not be described here.
  • the transmit power that UE1 and UE2 need to adopt can be determined? ,with? 2 , the paired UE1 and UE2 are selected in multiple ways, such as random pairing or orthogonal pairing, etc., wherein the orthogonal pairing can maximize the channel capacity of the virtual MIMO system for UE1 and UE2, and can be performed by the following technical means. Matching:
  • det (Fure) represents the determinant of the matrix n
  • tr(F Facility) represents the trace of the matrix/.
  • the detailed method of uplink power control in this embodiment is as follows:
  • Step 201 Determine, according to the priority of each UE of the data to be transmitted or the priority of the data to be transmitted, the UE that needs to allocate resources.
  • Step 202 Allocate resources for the determined UE.
  • This step can be used to allocate resources according to a preset scheduling algorithm.
  • scheduling algorithms such as a proportional fair algorithm or a polling algorithm.
  • the proportional fair algorithm refers to allocating resources to each UE according to factors such as signal to noise ratio, for example, allocating more resources to UEs with better channel quality.
  • the polling algorithm refers to equally allocating resources for each UE.
  • Step 203 Determine whether to use the virtual MO technology. If yes, proceed to step 204, otherwise end the process.
  • the judgment condition is: if the intra-cell traffic is small, and the system time-frequency resource is sufficient for all users, the virtual MIMO technology is not used; if there is a large amount of traffic in the cell, the service request of the user is still not after the system resource is allocated. If yes, the part of the user performs virtual MIMO pairing with the user who occupies the resource on the already allocated resource, and shares the system resource.
  • Step 204 Perform user pairing to form a virtual MIMO system with multiple antennas on the network side, such as pairing UE1 and UE2 into a pair.
  • This embodiment adopts the method of orthogonal matching.
  • Step 205 Obtain parameters related to channel quality of the paired UEs.
  • the UE periodically sends a measurement report to the network side, and the network side can obtain the parameters related to the channel quality of the UE through the measurement report. If the network side has the capability, it can also measure the parameters related to the channel shield.
  • Step 206 Determine the relationship of the expected transmit power to the paired UE according to the obtained parameters, Equation 5 and Equation 6.
  • Step 207 Adjust at least the transmit power of one of the paired UEs so that the adjusted power satisfies the relationship between the expected transmit powers of the paired UEs. Determine the adjustment range and direction of the power, such as reducing ldB.
  • Step 208 Send a power adjustment command to the UE, so that the UE performs power adjustment according to the power adjustment command, satisfies orthogonality as much as possible, and reduces interference between the paired UEs.
  • step 207 and step 208 another implementation manner may be adopted instead of determining the adjustment range of the power, but determining the power that the UE should adopt, considering the MCS level and the open-loop power control, etc., satisfying the MCS level and opening and closing the ring.
  • the adjustment amplitude is further determined such that the obtained power satisfies the relationship of the desired transmission power between the paired UEs.
  • the network side sends a power indication instruction to the UE, and the UE determines the uplink transmission power according to the power indication instruction.
  • the power adjustment command or the power indication command may be sent in a broadcast or multicast manner, where the identifier of the UE that needs power adjustment is carried, and the UE that identifies the consistent UE performs power adjustment according to the received command.
  • the power adjustment command or power indication command can also be sent in a point-to-point manner, and the command is directly sent to the UE that needs power adjustment.
  • this embodiment provides an apparatus for implementing uplink power control.
  • the acquisition module 301, the calculation module 302, and the adjustment module 303 are included.
  • the device may be specifically a base station or an evolved base station or the like.
  • the get: 301 block is used to determine at least two user devices to be paired in the virtual multiple input multiple output system.
  • the obtaining module 301 determines that there are multiple ways to pair the UE, such as the paired UE by the information receiving manner; or, if the paired UE is determined by the local pairing operation, the obtaining module 301 includes the pairing unit for performing the user pairing operation. .
  • the calculating module 302 is configured to determine, according to orthogonality between the at least two user equipments, a power level that needs to be adjusted between the at least two user equipments.
  • the calculation module 302 determines the relationship of the desired transmit power to the paired UE based on the obtained parameters, Equations 5 and 6.
  • the adjusting module 303 is configured to adjust at least a power of one of the at least two user equipments, so that the adjusted power satisfies a relationship between the expected transmit powers of the paired UEs.
  • the apparatus also includes an interface module 304, a resource allocation module 305, a control module 306, and an instruction module 307, as shown in FIG.
  • the interface module 304 is configured to interact with an external device, receive a measurement report reported by the UE, and send a power adjustment instruction or a power indication instruction to the UE.
  • the resource allocation module 305 is configured to determine, according to the priority of each UE of the data to be transmitted or the priority of the data to be transmitted, the UE that needs to allocate resources, and allocate resources for the determined UE.
  • the control module 306 is configured to determine whether to adopt the virtual MIMO technology. When it is determined that the virtual MIMO technology is adopted, the pairing unit in the acquiring module 301 starts to work.
  • the instruction module 307 is configured to generate a success rate adjustment command or a power instruction command according to the adjustment range of the power or power determined by the adjustment module 303, and the like, and send the command to the UE through the interface module 304.
  • the embodiment further provides a system for uplink power control, including:
  • At least two user equipments At least two user equipments
  • a network side device configured to determine at least two user equipments that are paired in the virtual multiple input multiple output system, and adjust at least one of the at least two user equipments according to orthogonality between the at least two user equipments The power of the user equipment.
  • Orthogonality between the at least two user equipments is by a letter of the at least two user equipments
  • the matrix of the track is determined by approximating the orthogonal matrix
  • the network side device obtains a desired power relationship of the at least two user equipments by approximating a channel matrix of the at least two user equipments to an orthogonal matrix, and based on the desired at least two user equipments Power relationship, at least adjust the power of one of the user equipment.
  • the software for implementing the embodiments of the present invention can be stored in a storage medium such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, an optical disk, and a flash memory.
  • the embodiment of the present invention performs power control on the paired UE in the virtual MIMO system as a whole, satisfies the orthogonality of power allocation between them, reduces interference between UEs, improves transmission quality, and reduces system caused by unnecessary power increase. Waste of resources.

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  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
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Description

一种上行功率控制方法及装置 技术领域
本发明涉及通信技术领域， 特别涉及一种上行功率控制方法及装置。 背景技术
随着无线互联网多媒体通信的快速发展， 无线通信系统的容量与可靠性亟 待提升， 常规单天线收发通信系统面临严峻挑战。 采用常规发射分集、 接收分 集或智能天线技术已不足以解决新一代无线通信系统的大容量与高可靠性的需 求问题。 出现的多入多出 （ Multiple Input Multiple Output, MIMO )系统使上述 问题得到了解决， 此时的信道容量随着天线数量的增大而线性增大， 也就是说 可以利用 MIMO信道成倍地提高无线信道容量；在不增加带宽和天线发送功率 的情况下， 频谱利用率可以成倍地提高； 然而由于终端侧天线数量受到限制， 使 MIMO系统的应用受到了限制。 目前， 为了进一步提高系统性能， 在多入多 出（ MIMO )技术的基础上研究出虚拟 MIMO技术。虚拟 MIMO技术是将多个 天线数量较少的用户设备配置成多天线系统，使该多个用户设备使用相同的时 / 频资源， 以便扩大系统的吞吐量和提高网络服务质量。
传统的自适应功率控制（ Adaptive Power Control, APC )方法为： 对所有用 户设置功率控制阔值，由网络侧测量目标信号的载干比并与设定阈值进行比较， 如果高于设定阔值则降低发送功率等级并且决定自适应调制编码 （ Adaptive Modulation and Coding, AMC ) 的设置， 否则， 发送端升高发送功率等级（当 发送功率没有达到最大允许值时）并决定 AMC设置。 可见， 现有的功率控制 过程都是针对单一用户设备而言， 对某个用户设备进行功率控制时仅考虑其个 体的信道状况。
目前， 尚未有针对虚拟 MIMO系统的上行功率控制的解决方案， 若采用传 统的功率控制方式， 则可能导致用户设备间干扰较大， 影响数据传输质量， 浪 费系统资源。 发明内容
本发明实施例提供一种上行功率控制方法及装置， 用于实现对虚拟 MIMO 系统的上行功率控制， 以节省系统资源。
本发明实施例提供一种上行功率控制方法， 包括：
确定虚拟多输入多输出系统中进行配对的至少两个用户设备；
依据所述至少两个用户设备之间的正交性， 至少调整其中一个用户设备的 功率。
本发明实施例提供一种用于上行功率控制的装置， 包括：
获取模块， 用于确定虚拟多输入多输出系统中进行配对的至少两个用户设 备；
计算模块， 用于依据所述至少两个用户设备之间的正交性， 确定所述至少 两个用户设备间需要调整的功率大小；
调整模块， 用于才艮据确定的需要调整的功率大小， 至少调整其中一个用户 设备的功率。
本发明实施例提供一种用于上行功率控制的系统， 包括：
至少两个用户设备；
网络侧设备， 用于确定虛拟多输入多输出系统中进行配对的至少两个用户 设备， 并依据所述至少两个用户设备之间的正交性， 至少调整其中一个用户设 备的功率。
本发明实施例将虚拟 MO系统中的配对 UE作为整体进行功率控制， 尽 量满足它们之间功率分配的正交性， 减少 UE间的干扰， 提高传输质量， 并减 少无谓的功率增加所导致的系统资源浪费。 附图说明
图 1为本发明实施例中上行功率控制方法的主要流程图;
图 为本发明实施例中上行功率控制方法的详细流程图; 图 3为本发明实施例中装置的主要结构图；
图 4为本发明实施例中装置的详细结构图。 具体实施方式
本发明实施例首先确定虚拟 MIMO系统中进行配对的多个用户设^ ( UE )， 然后依据这多个 UE间的正交性， 至少调整其中一个 UE的上行功率， 在保证 UE 间千扰尽可能小的情况下， 通过功率的调整来保证传输质量， 避免多余的 功率增加而导致的资源浪费。
参见图 1， 本实施例中上行功率控制方法的主要流程如下：
步骤 101: 确定虛拟多输入多输出系统中进行配对的至少两个用户设备。 配对的至少两个用户设备可由任意配对方式确定， 例如随机配对或正交配对等 多种方式。
步骤 102: 依据所述至少两个用户设备之间的正交性， 确定所述至少两个 用户设备间需要调整的功率大小。
步骤 103: 至少调整所述至少两个用户设备中一个用户设备的功率。
本实施例中多个 UE之间的正交性是通过构造关于多个 UE的信道矩阵， 并进一步获得正交矩阵来确定的。
首先构造信道矩阵。 以两个 UE (如 UE1和 UE2 )为例， 在 2 X 2的虛拟
MIMO系统中， 信道矩阵 可表示为：
Figure imgf000005_0001
其中， n表示第 n个子载波， ？,和？2分别表示 UE1和 UE2的预期发送功 率， L和 h表示两项影响信道质量的因素， 1^和 2分别表示1；£1和1；£2的传 播损耗与阴影衰落的和， h„、 h12、 h21和 h22分别表示两根发射天线到两根接收 天线的快衰落， 当然影响信道质量的因素不限于此， 本实施例只是以 L和 h两 项因素为例进行说明。 当信道矩阵 为正交矩阵时， UE1和 UE2的正交性最好， 即 UE1和 UE2 的正交性是通过信道矩阵 ^ "的正交性所体现的， 这样它们之间的干扰最小， 达 到理想的空间复用效果。 为了希望信道矩阵 是正交矩阵， 需要计算矩阵 Fn = Ηη ΗΗη , 上角标 Η表示矩阵的转置。 将各参数带入 F„后得到：
Fn -HnHHn 式 2
Figure imgf000006_0001
当 F„为单位矩阵时， 信道矩阵 为正交矩阵。 所以现在需要使？„尽量趋 近于单位矩阵， 则需要对式 3取最小值， 找到？1与？2之间的关系：
Figure imgf000006_0002
其中， Κ为 UE1和 UE2的期望的信噪比的比值。
然后， 通过计算得出？,和 Ρ2满足式 4的时候， 式 3能够取得最小值
Figure imgf000006_0003
式 4 式 4表示的是？,与 Ρ2的比值关系， 而功率只能调高、 调低或保持不变, 所以需要找到？,与1 的差值关系。 则对式 4进行对数运算， 有： ", u| + ,2ΐ [ )< ，' ,η + , 2)
Figure imgf000006_0004
+¾2Α,22)(|Α",ι2|2 + ,22|2) 2
对式 4中的两侧取对数即可得到下面式 6中的关系，本实施例对式 4取 DB 值， 其中， DB表示用 10乘以以 10为底的对数。 得到？,与？2的差值关系为：
Ρ2 = Ρ + β 式 6 此时可能需要对？,和/或？2进行调整， 使它们满足式 6的关系， 即可以只 对 P2调整， 也可以对两者均调整， 具体应用哪种调整方式， 需要考虑其 它多种因素， 如考虑 UE1和 UE2的位置， 若 UE1和 UE2位于小区中部， 对相 邻小区几乎不存在干扰， 可以选择调高功率， 以提高传输质量， 若 UE1和 UE2 位于小区边缘， 则考虑调低功率， 以减少对相邻小区的干扰； 或者， 考虑小区 内的总功率控制， 因为小区内的最高总功率一定， 若目前小区内的总功率距离 最高门限比较大， 尤其是在调高 ？,和？2的情况下也不会超过小区内总功率的 最高门限， 则选择调高功率， 以提高传输盾量， 若目前小区内的总功率距离最 高门限比较小， 尤其是在调高？,和 P2的情况下会超过小区内总功率的最高门 限， 则选择调低功率， 以节省系统资源。 对？,和/或？2的确定还可以进一步考 虑调制编码方案（Modulation and Coding Scheme, MCS )等级、 相邻小区与本 小区的路损差、 大尺度衰落情况、 下行路径损耗和信噪比等因素。 则确定调整 后的功率 P为：
P= m{Pmax, Target— SINR + NI + PL + Amcs + f( Δ) + ^ AP_VMIMO N} 式 7
ieN
其中， A J¾f/MO,.表示在子载波 i上需要调整的功率大小，
Figure imgf000007_0001
中的 N表示 UE所使用的子载波总数， 因为 UE1和 UE2使用相同的时频资源； Target—SINR = min{ Tmax, r+(l-« ) χ APathLoss}， rmax为最大目标 SINR, r为 小区边缘的目标 SINR, 即最小目标 SINR, "为路损补偿因子， 当" =1时认为 就是典型的开环功控， 当 0<" <1时表示部分功率控制， "的不同取值表示补偿 ^员的不同； f(A)表示闭环功率修正值， 当 ί Δ)取 0时为开环功控； Δ/„^是与 MCS等级相对应的参数值； ΝΙ表示一段时间内的噪声平均值与一段时间内的 干扰的平均值的和， 可表示为： NI=Noise + Interference; PL表示 UE側测量的 下行路径损耗； Pmax表示为 UE最大发射功率。
另外， 关于 ΔΡ_ Μ/ ,.的计算， 可以通过式 5 等对每个子栽波计算 丽 Μ0'； 或者， 若各子载波的信道质量基本相同， 它们之间的差距在预设 的范围内， 可只针对一个子载波进行计算， 其它子载波取相同值即可； 或者， 选取几个子载波计算 jW )'， 然后取平均， 依据该平均值确定所有子载波 的 —VMIMOi。关于 ^使用的所有子载波的 丽 M。i的计算方式可能不限于 此， 在此不 赘述。 通过以上描述可以确定出 UE1和 UE2需要采用的发射功率？,和？2，配对 的 UE1和 UE2的选择有多种方式， 如随机配对或正交配对等， 其中正交配对 可最大化关于 UE1和 UE2的虛拟 MIMO系统的信道容量， 可通过以下技术手 段来进行正交配对：
首先， 构造矩阵 F„, 参见式 1和式 2。
然后依 4 F„计算 Gn:
G 式 8
" '
Figure imgf000008_0001
其中， det (F„)表示矩阵 n的行列式， tr(F„)表示矩阵/的迹。
由于 F„A针对第 n个子栽波构造的矩阵， 在进行配对 UE的选择时， 仅根 据一个子载波选择 UE可能导致选择结果不适当的情况， 所以需要考虑多个子 载波， 则对多个 0„求平均， 即 -丄! G„ (式 9 )， N表示分配给配对用户的子 载波数。
计算一个 UE与可选的 UE集合中其它所有 UE之间的 ,将取值最大的 5 所对应的 UE与该 UE进行配对。
通过以上描述， 可以对 UE上行功率的确定及用户配对的过程有了清楚的 了解， 下面以流程的形式对上行功率控制过程进行详细介绍。
参见图 2， 本实施例中上行功率控制的详细方法流程如下：
步骤 201 : 根据待传输数据的各 UE的优先级或待传输数据的优先级， 确 定当前需要分配资源的 UE。
步骤 202: 为确定的 UE分配资源。 该步骤可根据预设的调度算法进行资 源分配， 调度算法有多种， 如采用正比公平算法或轮询算法等。 正比公平算法 是指根据信噪比等因素为各 UE分配资源， 比如为信道质量较好的 UE分配更 多的资源。 轮询算法是指为各 UE平均分配资源。
步骤 203: 判断是否采用虚拟 MO技术， 若是， 则继续步骤 204, 否则 结束流程。 判断条件为： 如果小区内业务量较少， 系统时频资源对于所有用户够用， 则不使用虚拟 MIMO技术； 如果小区内业务量较多， 系统资源分配完之后仍有 用户的业务请求未被满足， 则对于这部分用户在已经分配的资源上与占用此资 源的用户进行虛拟 MIMO配对， 共享系统资源。
步骤 204: 进行用户配对， 以便与网络侧的多天线构成虚拟 MIMO系统， 如将 UE1和 UE2配为一对。 本实施例采用正交配对的方式。
步骤 205: 获得配对的多个 UE的与信道质量有关的参数。 UE会定期向网 络侧发送测量报告， 网络侧可以通过该测量报告获得 UE的与信道质量有关的 参数。 如果网络侧有能力， 也可以进行各项与信道盾量有关的参数的测量。
步骤 206: 依据获得的参数、 式 5和式 6， 确定对配对 UE所期望的发射功 率的关系。
步骤 207: 至少对配对 UE中的一个 UE的发射功率进行调整，使调整后的 功率满足配对 UE之间所期望的发射功率的关系。确定功率的调整幅度及方向， 如降低 ldB。
步骤 208: 向 UE发送功率调整指令，使 UE依据该功率调整指令进行功率 调整， 尽量满足正交性， 减少配对 UE间的干扰。
在步骤 207和步驟 208中， 可以采用另一种实现方式， 不是确定功率的调 整幅度，而是确定 UE应采用的功率，考虑 MCS等级和开闭环功率控制等因素， 在满足 MCS等级和开闭环功率控制等因素的情况下进一步确定调整幅度， 使 得到功率满足配对 UE之间所期望的发射功率的关系。 然后由网络侧向 UE发 送功率指示指令， UE根据该功率指示指令确定上行发射功率。
功率调整指令或功率指示指令可以以广播或组播方式发送， 其中携带需要 功率调整的 UE的标识， 标识一致的 UE依据接收到的指令进行功率调整。 功 率调整指令或功率指示指令也可以采用点对点方式发送， 直接将指令发送给需 要功率调整的 UE。
以上是对上行功率控制实现过程的描述， 相应的， 可以有一种装置来实现 上述过程。 参见图 3， 本实施例提供一种用于实现上行功率控制的装置， 其包 括获取模块 301、计算模块 302和调整模块 303。该装置可以具体是基站或演进 基站等。
获:^莫块 301用于确定虚拟多输入多输出系统中进行配对的至少两个用户 设备。 获取模块 301确定配对 UE的方式有多种， 如通过信息接收方式获知配 对的 UE; 或者， 如通过本地的配对操作确定配对的 UE， 此时获取模块 301包 括用于进行用户配对操作的配对单元。
计算模块 302用于依据所述至少两个用户设备之间的正交性， 确定所述至 少两个用户设备间需要调整的功率大小。 计算模块 302具体依据获得的参数、 式 5和式 6, 确定对配对 UE所期望的发射功率的关系。
调整模块 303 用于至少调整所述至少两个用户设备中一个用户设备的功 率， 使调整后的功率满足配对 UE之间所期望的发射功率的关系。
所述装置还包括接口模块 304、资源分配模块 305、控制模块 306和指令模 块 307, 参见图 4所示。
接口模块 304用于与外部装置进行交互，接收 UE上报的测量报告和向 UE 发送功率调整指令或功率指示指令等。
资源分配模块 305用于根据待传输数据的各 UE的优先级或待传输数据的 优先级， 确定当前需要分配资源的 UE， 并为确定的 UE分配资源。
控制模块 306用于判断是否采用虚拟 MIMO技术，当确定采用虛拟 MIMO 技术时， 启动获取模块 301中的配对单元开始工作。
指令模块 307用于根据调整模块 303确定的功率或功率的调整幅度等， 生 成功率调整指令或功率指示指令， 并通过接口模块 304发送给 UE。
本实施例还提供一种用于上行功率控制的系统， 包括：
至少两个用户设备；
网络侧设备， 用于确定虚拟多输入多输出系统中进行配对的至少两个用户 设备， 并依据所述至少两个用户设备之间的正交性， 至少调整所述至少两个用 户设备中一个用户设备的功率。
所述至少两个用户设备之间的正交性是通过将所述至少两个用户设备的信 道矩阵向正交矩阵逼近而确定的；
所述网络侧设备通过将所述至少两个用户设备的信道矩阵向正交矩阵逼 近， 获得期望的所述至少两个用户设备的功率关系， 并基于该期望的所述至少 两个用户设备的功率关系， 至少调整其中一个用户设备的功率。
用于实现本发明实施例的软件可以存储于软盘、 硬盘、 光盘和闪存等存储 介质。
本发明实施例将虚拟 MIMO系统中的配对 UE作为整体进行功率控制， 尽 量满足它们之间功率分配的正交性， 减少 UE间的干扰， 提高传输质量， 并减 少无谓的功率增加所导致的系统资源浪费。
显然， 本领域的技术人员可以对本发明进行各种改动和变型而不脱离本发 明的精神和范围。 这样， 倘若对本发明的这些修改和变型属于本发明权利要求 及其等同技术的范围之内， 则本发明也意图包含这些改动和变型在内。

Claims

1、 一种上行功率控制方法， 其特征在于， 包括：
确定虚拟多输入多输出系统中进行配对的至少两个用户设备；
依据所述至少两个用户设备之间的正交性， 至少调整其中一个用户设备的 功率。
2、如权利要求 1所述的上行功率控制方法， 其特征在于， 所述至少两个用 户设备之间的正交性是通过所述至少两个用户设备的信道矩阵的正交性体现 的。
3、如权利要求 2所述的上行功率控制方法， 其特征在于， 所述至少两个用 户设备之间的正交性是通过将所述至少两个用户设备的信道矩阵向正交矩阵逼 近而确定的。
4、如权利要求 3所述的上行功率控制方法， 其特征在于， 通过将所述至少 两个用户设备的信道矩阵向正交矩阵逼近， 获得期望的所述至少两个用户设备 的功率关系；
基于该期望的所述至少两个用户设备的功率关系， 至少调整其中一个用户 设备的功率。
5、如权利要求 4所述的上行功率控制方法， 其特征在于， 至少调整所述至 少两个用户设备中一个用户设备的功率的步骤包括：
依据期望的所述至少两个用户设备的功率关系， 确定所述至少两个用户设 备中至少一个用户设备的功率所需要调整的幅度和方向；
依据确定出的至少一个用户设备的功率所需要调整的幅度和方向， 生成并 向该至少一个用户设备发送用于功率调整的指令， 使该至少一个用户设备根据 该指令进行功率调整。
6、如权利要求 4所述的上行功率控制方法， 其特征在于， 至少调整所述至 少两个用户设备中一个用户设备的功率的步骤包括：
依据期望的所述至少两个用户设备的功率关系， 及综合与信道质量有关的 各参数的值，确定所述至少两个用户设备中至少一个用户设备需要采用的功率； 依据确定出的至少一个用户设备需要采用的功率， 生成并向该至少一个用 户设备发送用于功率指示的指令， 使该至少一个用户设备才艮据该指令进行功率 调整。
7、如权利要求 5或 6所述的上行功率控制方法， 其特征在于，依据所述两 个用户设备的的位置、 信道质量、 小区总功率控制和大尺度衰落中的一项或多 项， 确定对所述两个用户设备中至少一个用户设备的功率调整。
8、 一种用于上行功率控制的装置， 其特征在于， 包括：
获取模块， 用于确定虛拟多输入多输出系统中进行配对的至少两个用户设 备；
计算模块， 用于依据所述至少两个用户设备之间的正交性， 确定所述至少 两个用户设备间需要调整的功率大小；
调整模块， 用于 居确定的需要调整的功率大小， 至少调整其中一个用户 设备的功率。
9、如权利要求 8所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述至少两个用户设备之间的 正交性是通过所述至少两个用户设备的信道矩阵的正交性体现的。
10、 如权利要求 9所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述至少两个用户设备之间 的正交性是通过将所述至少两个用户设备的信道矩阵向正交矩阵逼近而确定 的。
11、如权利要求 10所述的装置， 其特征在于， 所述计算模块通过将所述至 少两个用户设备的信道矩阵向正交矩阵逼近， 获得期望的所述至少两个用户设 备的功率关系， 并基于该期望的所述至少两个用户设备的功率关系， 确定所述 至少两个用户设备间需要调整的功率大小。
12、 一种用于上行功率控制的系统， 其特征在于， 包括：
至少两个用户设备；
网络侧设备， 用于确定虚拟多输入多输出系统中进行配对的至少两个用户 设备， 并依据所述至少两个用户设备之间的正交性， 至少调整其中一个用户设 备的功率。
13、如权利要求 12所述的系统， 其特征在于， 所述至少两个用户设备之间 的正交性是通过将所述至少两个用户设备的信道矩阵向正交矩阵逼近而确定 的；
所述网络侧设备通过将所述至少两个用户设备的信道矩阵向正交矩阵逼 近， 获得期望的所述至少两个用户设备的功率关系， 并基于该期望的所述至少 两个用户设备的功率关系， 至少调整其中一个用户设备的功率。
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