WO2009118572A1 - Centrale hydroélectrique solaire - Google Patents

Centrale hydroélectrique solaire Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009118572A1
WO2009118572A1 PCT/HR2009/000007 HR2009000007W WO2009118572A1 WO 2009118572 A1 WO2009118572 A1 WO 2009118572A1 HR 2009000007 W HR2009000007 W HR 2009000007W WO 2009118572 A1 WO2009118572 A1 WO 2009118572A1
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Prior art keywords
power plant
solar
energy
reservoir
water
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PCT/HR2009/000007
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English (en)
Inventor
Zvonimir Glasnovic
Jure Margeta
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Zvonimir Glasnovic
Jure Margeta
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Publication of WO2009118572A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009118572A1/fr

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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
    • F01K27/005—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for by means of hydraulic motors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03B—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS
    • F03B13/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of machines or engines with driving or driven apparatus; Power stations or aggregates
    • F03B13/06—Stations or aggregates of water-storage type, e.g. comprising a turbine and a pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G—SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS; MECHANICAL-POWER PRODUCING DEVICES OR MECHANISMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR OR USING ENERGY SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F03G6/00—Devices for producing mechanical power from solar energy
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
    • F05B2220/00—Application
    • F05B2220/70—Application in combination with
    • F05B2220/708—Photoelectric means, i.e. photovoltaic or solar cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/20—Solar thermal
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20—Hydro energy
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
    • Y02E10/46—Conversion of thermal power into mechanical power, e.g. Rankine, Stirling or solar thermal engines
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Definitions

  • This invention relates to the new self sustainable source of electric energy which includes solar electric power plant and hydro electric power plant (the name solar hydro electric power plant is derived from it), intended for continuous electric energy supply of a consumer (house, settlement, town, island, region, factories etc.) from renewable energy sources.
  • the new energy source which uses only renewable energy sources could contribute more significantly to the share in energy balances of various countries.
  • a consumer can vary from a residential unit (house), small or big settlements, factories, islands, towns, the electric energy supply of a whole country from renewable energy sources.
  • the proposed sustainable power plant is in its basic concept a reversible hydroelectric power plant that uses the PV power plant 1 instead of electric energy from the network to activate the pumps 4, and instead of one, has two separate pipelines, one for pumping 5 and the other for taking water to the turbine 7.
  • the PV power plant transforms solar into electric energy which pumps water from the available source 10 into the reservoir 6 located at higher levels. Water from the reservoir 6 is then used in the hydroelectric power plant 8 and 9 for production of electric energy.
  • the reservoir 6 serves as daily and seasonal storage of energy obtained from the PV power plant 1 during sunny weather, thus providing solution to energy storage, which is the biggest problem of wider use of solar energy.
  • the operation of this system implies achieving full independence of electric energy supply to a consumer, which is basically obtained from solar energy.
  • the proposed power plant - system is sustainable on every location and does not have harmful effects on the environment, because it is based exclusively on exploitation of renewable energy sources, using water as the main resource that generates continuous production of energy.
  • the formed reservoir 6 and appertaining hydro electric power plant 8 and 9 are very flexible in operation and energy production, therefore can adjust very easily to the consumers' needs, unlike the PV power plant 1, whose operation and production depend on solar radiation.
  • the combination of these two power plants creates a new type of power plant suitable for continuous production of electric energy.
  • the main characteristic of the new Solar Hydro Electric power plant is that it is not limited by the size, so that the smallest and the largest units can be used, i.e. for supply of a residential unit of a few hundred kilowatts to powerful plants of tens and hundreds megawatts.
  • the hydroelectric power plant 6 and 9 is used for continuous production of energy and solar energy is primarily used for creating hydro potential, i.e. for water storage for production of hydroenergy.
  • Solar energy (PV generator 1) is used to pump water from the lower level 10 (reservoir, aquifer, sea, lake, river) into the upper level, where it is stored in the reservoir 6.
  • the stored water is used for hydroenergy production in accordance with the formed hydropotential (height difference) on the turbine 8 from where water is discharged into water resource from which it is pumped by pumps 4 driven by the PV generator 1, Fig. 1. In this way same water is used continuously, flowing within the artificially created, closed hydrological cycle.
  • the available upper reservoir 6 is, actually, stored solar energy, available for continuous use on turbine 8 (during night and day), according to the consumers' needs.
  • the proposed power plant is a local energy source that can be built in direct vicinity of the place of consumption, providing that all required conditions exist, which is very favourable, because energy doesn't have to be transported.
  • the prerequisites for operation of this power plant are periodical insolation, water and elevation difference between the upper and lower water level, where gravity effects - hydropotential, is exploited.
  • Hydropotential can be created according to topographical features of the ground, wherever there is ground-hill elevation difference.
  • artificial hydropotential can be created anywhere, by constructing an appropriate structure with elevation difference between upper and lower water level. This means that smaller or larger hydropotential can be created anywhere, naturally, at different costs.
  • water is required to drive the turbines.
  • the system can be smaller or larger, open (Fig. 1) or closed (Fig. 2), i.e. with more or less water loss.
  • the transportation part of the system 5 and 7 is always closed. It consists of pressure pipes that convey water from the lower to the higher level 5 and the hydroelectric power plant pressure line 7.
  • Reservoirs can be closed or open. All big systems are, as a rule, open, whilst small systems can be constructed as closed. Theoretically speaking, water is necessary only for filling the system and compensating the losses from the system. It is optimal when filling and compensation can be achieved from natural resources, by rain or rainwater from the local drainage basin, or water from the local watercourse, groundwater and sea. Losses occur due to evaporation and water leakage from the reservoir (upper 6 and lower 10). Evaporation, and particularly leakage, from the reservoir can be significantly reduced or eliminated by appropriate engineering measures.
  • the upper reservoir 6 has the most important role here. It enables water accumulation over a long period of time and, therefore, hydroenergy production, which enables bridging over the period when the PV generator 1 input is lower or absent.
  • the PV generator 1 is selected according to the critical one-year period out of a number of years, so that the minimum of maximum power is selected, required for continuous production of hydroenergy in critical periods (required water quantity) and selected levels of operation security (additional water quantity in reservoir for incident and unforeseen situations).
  • the system is more effective if water that can be used, i.e. diverted towards the reservoir, exists upstream of the upper reservoir 6, because the reservoir 6 is filled naturally, not only by pumps, which would result in smaller capacity of the solar photovoltaic power plant 1 for a corresponding value.
  • the system will also be more effective if a part of solar energy, produced in periods of strong solar radiation, is directly used by consumers, because the reservoir volume 6 and the capacity of the pumping system 3 and 4 and PV generator 1 will then be smaller.
  • the construction costs of the reservoir also affect the total price of construction.
  • Various combinations are possible thereat. It is most favourable when there is no need for construction of the lower reservoir 10, which is the case when the capacity of water resources used for water intake exceeds the needs (e.g. when sea, big river or aquifer represent lower accumulation 10) and the construction of the upper reservoir 6 is simple and inexpensive, or in the case when such reservoir-lake already exists.
  • the bigger the available drop (potential energy) the more cost-effective the hydroelectric power plant 8 and 9.
  • a stronger PV generator is required in order to pump water into the reservoir 6.
  • the proposed power plant has big advantages due to the local electric energy source that does not require any fuel or significant transport of energy to the consumer. This means that energy can be produced and consumed at isolated locations, far from transport and supply lines (on islands and similar). In this way the transport system construction costs and energy losses that occur due to energy transfer are reduced. On these locations the power plant can already compete with classical energy sources, as it does not require construction and costs related to transport or any fuel.
  • the power plant can be constructed at any location with water resources, but without the required hydropotential. This potential can be artificially created using the PV generator 1 and local topography of the ground.
  • This type of power plant is particularly suitable for the supply of special consumers, such as isolated military bases, important strategic structures on isolated locations etc., because it is entirely sustainable locally.
  • the Solar Hydroelectric power plant is for the time being the only permanently sustainable energy source that can provide continuous electric energy supply to a consumer, using only natural and renewable energy sources, without harmful impacts on the environment.
  • Fig. 1 Diagram of Solar Hydro Electric power plant (open type).
  • Fig. 2 Diagram of Solar Hydro Electric power plant (closed type).
  • Solar Hydro Electric power plant comprises the following elements:
  • Inverters transform DC into AC, includes the so-called maximum power trackers
  • Solar Hydro Electric power plant operates when solar energy is by solar photovoltaic generators 1 transformed into electric energy, required for supply of electro motor 3. However, if the electro motor is AC, the DC electric energy from the photovoltaic power plant is by inverter 2 transformed into AC. Inverter 2 includes the maximum power tracker that matches the load (electro motor 3) to the power of the photovoltaic power plant 1. Electro motor 3 drives pump 4 that pumps water from the upper level of the lower reservoir into upper level of the upper reservoir 6. This transport is done by means of pipeline 5. Pipeline 7 conveys water from the upper reservoir to the turbine 8 that drives the generator 9. After that, water is transported towards the lower reservoir 10, i.e. sea, big river, aquifer etc.
  • PV generator 1 without which there is no hydropotential, and reservoir/storage 6 for storing water i.e. solar energy for production of hydroenergy when the PV generator 1 is out of function.
  • the aim is to reduce its size to the possible minimum. Therefore, in addition to the technological solution of the Solar Hydro Electric power plant, proper sizing of the system is very important so that it will fully meet the consumers' needs for electric energy throughout the whole year. In that sense, the following calculation should be used:
  • Hydro energy, generated by the reservoir can be calculated according to
  • V (m ) is water volume in reservoir
  • H (m) is elevation difference between the lower and upper water level
  • g (m/s 2 ) is gravity acceleration
  • p (kg/m 3 ) is water density
  • Q (m 3 /s) is flow.
  • the accumulated water i.e. reservoir size V (m 3 ) and the available height difference H(m) determine the energy production and installed turbine capacity Q (m 3 /s) determines the power.
  • Energy production is bigger when the accumulation and drop are bigger.
  • Local conditions regarding reservoir construction volume and elevation
  • the selected drop H and flow Q will define the most efficient type of turbine. Net electric energy, produced by the hydroelectric power plant is:
  • the selected reservoir volume 6 (required energy), height difference (total head) and available pumping time into the reservoir 6 define the required power of the PV generator 1.
  • water density /? and gravity constant g into Eq. (1), by converting the units and by using Q PY instead of volume V, and H TE instead of total head H (Fig.2.) 5 total daily hydraulic energy, which the PV power plant 1 can produce at the outlet of the pumping unit, is obtained
  • Eu (kWh/day) is the output hydraulic energy from the pumping system (1-4)
  • E e ⁇ (kWh/day) is electric energy at the motor-pump unit input
  • f m load matching factor to the PV generator characteristics
  • a c cell temperature coefficient ( 0 C "1 )
  • TO referential temperature of the PV generator (1) (25° C)
  • ⁇ up motor-pump unit efficiency.
  • the calculation of nominal electric power of the PV generator 1 is based on the known demand for hydraulic energy E H and available irradiated solar energy Es in critical period and the known efficiency of the motor-pump unit (3 and 4) ⁇ MP in referential operating conditions, taking into account the effect of outside temperature on the efficiency of the PV generator 1.
  • the reservoir volume, hydroenergy production and the power of the PV generator 1 and HE power plant 8 and 9 are determined by natural characteristics of the ground on one hand and on the other hand by the consumers' needs for energy.
  • the construction is intended for meeting the demands of a consumer, so the energy consumption regime is the key variable for sizing and operation of the Solar Hydro Electric power plant.
  • the subject problem is solved at the level of the system as a technological entirety that equally comprises all system parts, including natural (climate, hydrology, reservoir 6, hydro generators 9 and PV generators 1), consumer needs for electric energy and other processes within the system, throughout the whole period of system operation.
  • the system is analyzed as a whole, dynamically during the entire operating period, taking into account all changes that occur in relation to the available resources (capacity and needs) and energy production demands.
  • climate and hydrology are the key components that determine water resources. climate determines the water input in the reservoir 6 on the one hand, and solar energy availability on the other hand. climate inputs are stochastic, therefore need to be treated accordingly throughout the entire period.
  • Figure 1 presents all water inputs ( ⁇ 2NAT(Q, R®, ⁇ pv(i) and INF ⁇ ) and outputs (INF ⁇ EV ⁇ $ and Q TG( O) from the upper reservoir 6 of volume F Q , air temperature T ⁇ Q, maximum level of upper reservoir 6 Hu (Q5 difference between the lower level of upper reservoir 6 and upper level of lower reservoir 10 (sea) H D i F( O an d total height to which the PV power plant 1 must lift water into the upper reservoir 6 HTE(O-
  • the aim is to reduce losses as much as possible, because it affects the system efficiency, i.e. the required power of the PV power plant 1.
  • increment i assumes the values z-1 to N (N is the total number of time stages, e.g. months, decades or days); F(J -1 ) and V ⁇ i) are reservoir 6 volumes in (z-1) and / period respectively (m 3 ); ⁇ pv ( i ) is water pumped by the PV power plant 1 in i period (m 3 /day); R ⁇ is total precipitation coming into the reservoir in i period; JS NAT ® is natural flow from the adjacent watershed in i period; EV ⁇ is water from reservoir 6 consumed by evaporation in i period (m 3 ); Q ⁇ o ⁇ is water discharged from the upper reservoir 6 into the turbine/generator unit 8 and 9 for producing electric energy in i period (mVday) and INF ⁇ is infiltration in i period (m 3 ).
  • the state equation at water intake is:
  • Wliere W ⁇ . ⁇ ) and W( $ are water volumes of the lower reservoir 10 in periods z-1 and i respectively, F(iosses.intake)(i) are all losses at water intake 10 in i period, and ⁇ mfiow(i) are all water inflows to the intake 10 in i period.
  • the type and characteristics of intake will determine which variables will describe these processes. For example, in case of sea intake 10, both variables, as well as changes in volume, are insignificant. However, in case the reservoir 10 is used, the equation is the same as for the upper reservoir 6.
  • the total water balance in the system also includes water quantity in pipelines 5 and 7, which is very little in relation to water in the reservoir 6.
  • the total energy balance for a given period (e.g. one year) in the Solar Hydro Electric power plant system can be expressed with relations (a) to (i), i.e.: (a) Total electric energy, produced in the PV power plant 1 from radiated solar energy, can be calculated by the equation:
  • ⁇ 0 PV generator 1 efficiency
  • ⁇ ⁇ inverter 2 efficiency (as well as the complete electronic unit for conditioning power of the PV power plant 1 to load)
  • a 0 is the PV generator 1 area
  • Es is radiated solar energy.
  • EeI(PV) EeI(MP) + EeU ⁇ verhead) (13)
  • E e i(pv) total electric energy produced by the PV power plant 1
  • E e i(MP) electric energy consumed by the motor pump unit 3 and 4 operation
  • Eei( ov er head) excess electric energy sent to the electric power network if the Solar Hydro Electric power plant system is connected to it.
  • the excess electric energy is not necessary for achieving energy independence of a consumer, but it occurs because it is not possible to select the size of the PV power plant 1 that will, in every period, produce the exact quantity of energy which the consumer needs; but in some periods this excess, which cannot be received by the upper reservoir 6, is bound to occur.
  • E H (accumulation) EH(MP) + - ⁇ ff( ⁇ V) ⁇ E H Q osse ⁇ (14)
  • EH( MP ) is hydraulic energy from the motor pump unit 3 and 4
  • E H ( IN) is hydraulic energy of water inflow
  • E H (i osses ) are marked hydraulic energy losses within the system, that can be calculated as follows:
  • EH(losses) ⁇ EH(losses,intake) + EH(losses,accumulation) (15) where EH(iosses,intake) are hydraulic energy losses at intake, and EH(iosses,accumuia t ion) are hydraulic energy losses in upper reservoir 6.
  • ⁇ M P is pumping unit efficiency (motor/pump 3 and 4).
  • Eq. (22) shows that electric energy E e i( HE ), which the Solar Hydroelectric power plant produces and sends to users of the local consumer to provide power supply in a given period, directly depends on total radiated solar energy Es in the same period.
  • Eq. (23) shows the dependency of the produced electric energy of the HE power plant 8 and 9 on total electric energy produced by the PV power plant 1.
  • Hu(F(J -1 )) and Hu(Fo)) are upper water levels in function of upper reservoir 6 volumes respectively; are upper water levels in function of lower reservoir 10 volumes (W Q . I) and PF ⁇ ) respectively, and Hp represents linear and local hydro dynamical losses in the system 5 and 7.
  • Eq. (5) has been transformed in this work into Eq. (6), in order to show direct dependency on quantity of the pumped water.
  • Eq. (26) is inserted into Eq. (6) and instead of load matching factor f m in Eq. (6), inverter efficiency ⁇ ⁇ can be used, which can include the efficiency of the entire electronic system for power conditioning to the PV generator 1 characteristics.
  • ⁇ py® is by the upper reservoir 6 water balance Eq. (10) correlated to reservoir 6 characteristics, water volume V ⁇ ) and F( J-1) and local climate elements (inflow O>[A T (i> precipitation i? ( i ) , evaporation EV ⁇ and infiltration INF®) that determine water deficits in the reservoir 6 which are to be covered by the PV power plant 1.
  • the calculation methodology is based on dynamical programming using the complex function of minimizing the maximum electric power of the PV power plant 1.
  • Equation (28) is valid in conditions of state transformation equation (10), calculation of nominal electric power P e i(i ) by Equation (27) which represents return, and with all mentioned constraints and defined time stage i, i.e.: C) ⁇ C-I) ⁇ * ⁇ Wf(O " * " 2ZNAT(I) " * " ⁇ » - ⁇ * (/) QlXX!)
  • Equations (29) represent the mathematical model for optimal sizing of nominal power of the PV power plant 1 operating together with water reservoir 6.
  • reservoir volume 6 For the need of full energy independence (continuous supply of a consumers throughout the whole year) the volume is determined based on peak energy consumption and the expected longest period when the PV power plant 1 is at standstill. Based on the data that the maximum (peak) water (energy) consumption from the reservoir 6 could be 166.233 m 3 /day, with unobstructed energy supply of the consumers in the period of 3 to 4 months, total reservoir volume 6 of approximately 20.000.000 m 3 , or 20 hm 3 is obtained. Therefore, the model included the reservoir 6 of average area 1500x700 m 2 (about 100 ha, which is important information for precipitation and evaporation estimate) and average depth of 20 m. It is a shallow reservoir 6 where level changes do not affect significantly the water surface area.
  • Important data is also water total head which is in the so-called pump operation (when the PV power plant 1 pumps water from the sea or groundwater 10 into the reservoir 6) about 235 m.
  • PV power plant power of 41 MWp 41x100 kWp
  • collector field of 250.000 m 2 ( ⁇ 25 ha) should be foreseen, i.e. approximately 1250x200 m 2 .
  • Inverters transform DC into AC, includes the so-called maximum power trackers
  • PV total electric energy produced by the R ( ⁇ - total precipitation in time stage i (mm),; PV power plant (Ws); T 0 -referential temperature of PV cell E ⁇ - hydraulic energy (Ws), (generator) (25 0 C); ⁇ (ac cu mulati o n ) available hydraulic energy in T ⁇ temperature of the surroundings in time upper reservoir (Ws) stage i ( 0 C); S ⁇ ( gross ) - total hydroenergy generated by T 7 C dI (I) - temperature of PV generator in time reservoir (Ws); stage / ( 0 C);
  • E s (i) mean radiation on horizontal plane (m 3 ); (terrestrial radiation) in time stage i JWs.accumuiated) - losses in upper reservoir (kWh/m 2 ); (m 3 );

Abstract

D'un type nouveau, la centrale hydroélectrique solaire de l'invention comprend une centrale hydroélectrique réversible modifiée (3-10) fonctionnant avec une installation de fourniture d'énergie à panneaux photovoltaïques (1). Un tel ensemble, dit Centrale Hydroélectrique Solaire, utilise la seule énergie solaire pour la production d'énergie solaire et hydraulique. Un réservoir d'eau recueille de l'eau pour stockage de l'énergie requise pour la consommation quotidienne et saisonnière, ce qui résout fondamentalement le problème du stockage de l'énergie, principal problème posé par l'utilisation extensive de l'énergie solaire. A l'heure actuelle, la centrale de l'invention est la seule source d'énergie durable permanente, capable d'alimenter constamment un consommateur en énergie à partir exclusivement de sources d'énergie naturelles et renouvelables, sans effets dommageables pour l'environnement.
PCT/HR2009/000007 2008-03-25 2009-03-06 Centrale hydroélectrique solaire WO2009118572A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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HRP20080132A 2008-03-25
HR20080132A HRPK20080132B3 (en) 2008-03-25 2008-03-25 Photovoltaic power plant

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Cited By (12)

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WO2012053988A2 (fr) 2010-10-19 2012-04-26 Mitja Koprivsek Dispositif permettant de produire et d'accumuler de l'électricité
ITBO20100720A1 (it) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-04 Cesare Colliva Impianto polifunzionale.
WO2013011333A2 (fr) 2011-07-19 2013-01-24 Zvonimir Glasnovic Centrale électrique thermique solaire, hydro-électrique, possédant un système de pompage direct
WO2013072709A2 (fr) 2011-11-14 2013-05-23 Zvonimir Glasnovic Centrale hydroélectrique thermique solaire pour la production simultanée d'énergie et d'eau potable
FR2994465A1 (fr) * 2012-08-07 2014-02-14 Stephane Marius Faure Dispositif permettant de stocker l'energie electrique sans batteries au plomb
CN103696593A (zh) * 2013-12-30 2014-04-02 贵州绿卡能科技实业有限公司 一种山区公路养护站房
EP2696064A3 (fr) * 2012-08-10 2015-10-07 Klaus Sixt Installation d'alimentation en eau et méthode d'opération d'une installation d'alimentation en eau
WO2015173765A1 (fr) * 2014-05-15 2015-11-19 Tor - H2 S.R.L. Installation polyvalente comprenant une génération d'énergie marémotrice et solaire
CN106245945A (zh) * 2016-08-22 2016-12-21 安徽瑞宏信息科技有限公司 智能化无人值守机房
EP3161345A4 (fr) * 2014-10-30 2017-12-13 Rama Raju Champati Système de génération instantanée d'électricité de la société kvsv
DE102018104518A1 (de) * 2018-02-28 2019-08-29 Voith Patent Gmbh Kombiniertes Kraftwerk und Verfahren zum Betrieb
AT523139A1 (de) * 2019-11-14 2021-05-15 Puschl Dipl Ing Martin Verfahren zur Energiegewinnung und Speicherung

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WO2012053988A2 (fr) 2010-10-19 2012-04-26 Mitja Koprivsek Dispositif permettant de produire et d'accumuler de l'électricité
ITBO20100720A1 (it) * 2010-12-03 2012-06-04 Cesare Colliva Impianto polifunzionale.
WO2012073195A2 (fr) 2010-12-03 2012-06-07 Tor - H2 S.R.L. Usine polyvalente
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WO2013011333A2 (fr) 2011-07-19 2013-01-24 Zvonimir Glasnovic Centrale électrique thermique solaire, hydro-électrique, possédant un système de pompage direct
WO2013072709A2 (fr) 2011-11-14 2013-05-23 Zvonimir Glasnovic Centrale hydroélectrique thermique solaire pour la production simultanée d'énergie et d'eau potable
FR2994465A1 (fr) * 2012-08-07 2014-02-14 Stephane Marius Faure Dispositif permettant de stocker l'energie electrique sans batteries au plomb
EP2696064A3 (fr) * 2012-08-10 2015-10-07 Klaus Sixt Installation d'alimentation en eau et méthode d'opération d'une installation d'alimentation en eau
CN103696593A (zh) * 2013-12-30 2014-04-02 贵州绿卡能科技实业有限公司 一种山区公路养护站房
WO2015173765A1 (fr) * 2014-05-15 2015-11-19 Tor - H2 S.R.L. Installation polyvalente comprenant une génération d'énergie marémotrice et solaire
EP3161345A4 (fr) * 2014-10-30 2017-12-13 Rama Raju Champati Système de génération instantanée d'électricité de la société kvsv
CN106245945A (zh) * 2016-08-22 2016-12-21 安徽瑞宏信息科技有限公司 智能化无人值守机房
DE102018104518A1 (de) * 2018-02-28 2019-08-29 Voith Patent Gmbh Kombiniertes Kraftwerk und Verfahren zum Betrieb
WO2019166202A1 (fr) 2018-02-28 2019-09-06 Voith Patent Gmbh Centrale électrique combinée et procédé pour son fonctionnement
AT523139A1 (de) * 2019-11-14 2021-05-15 Puschl Dipl Ing Martin Verfahren zur Energiegewinnung und Speicherung
AT523140A1 (de) * 2019-11-14 2021-05-15 Puschl Dipl Ing Martin Verfahren zur Energiegewinnung und Speicherung
AT17687U1 (de) * 2019-11-14 2022-11-15 Martin Puschl Dipl Ing Verfahren zur Energiegewinnung und Speicherung

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