WO2009115405A1 - Method for the regeneration of a diesel particle filter of an internal combustion engine as well as a corresponding device - Google Patents

Method for the regeneration of a diesel particle filter of an internal combustion engine as well as a corresponding device Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009115405A1
WO2009115405A1 PCT/EP2009/052400 EP2009052400W WO2009115405A1 WO 2009115405 A1 WO2009115405 A1 WO 2009115405A1 EP 2009052400 W EP2009052400 W EP 2009052400W WO 2009115405 A1 WO2009115405 A1 WO 2009115405A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
air
internal combustion
combustion engine
particulate filter
catalyst
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2009/052400
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Jens Pitt
Marcel Wuest
Rainer Kwasny
Original Assignee
Robert Bosch Gmbh
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Publication of WO2009115405A1 publication Critical patent/WO2009115405A1/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/18—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by methods of operation; Control
    • F01N3/22—Control of additional air supply only, e.g. using by-passes or variable air pump drives
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/009—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having two or more separate purifying devices arranged in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust
    • F01N3/021—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters
    • F01N3/023—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles
    • F01N3/029—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for cooling, or for removing solid constituents of, exhaust by means of filters using means for regenerating the filters, e.g. by burning trapped particles by adding non-fuel substances to exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/105—General auxiliary catalysts, e.g. upstream or downstream of the main catalyst
    • F01N3/106—Auxiliary oxidation catalysts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
    • F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
    • F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
    • F02B37/16—Control of the pumps by bypassing charging air
    • F02B37/164—Control of the pumps by bypassing charging air the bypassed air being used in an auxiliary apparatus, e.g. in an air turbine
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/02—EGR systems specially adapted for supercharged engines
    • F02M26/09—Constructional details, e.g. structural combinations of EGR systems and supercharger systems; Arrangement of the EGR and supercharger systems with respect to the engine
    • F02M26/10—Constructional details, e.g. structural combinations of EGR systems and supercharger systems; Arrangement of the EGR and supercharger systems with respect to the engine having means to increase the pressure difference between the exhaust and intake system, e.g. venturis, variable geometry turbines, check valves using pressure pulsations or throttles in the air intake or exhaust system
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/23—Layout, e.g. schematics
    • F02M26/25—Layout, e.g. schematics with coolers having bypasses
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N3/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust
    • F01N3/08—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous
    • F01N3/10—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust
    • F01N3/24—Exhaust or silencing apparatus having means for purifying, rendering innocuous, or otherwise treating exhaust for rendering innocuous by thermal or catalytic conversion of noxious components of exhaust characterised by constructional aspects of converting apparatus
    • F01N3/30—Arrangements for supply of additional air
    • F01N3/32—Arrangements for supply of additional air using air pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/14—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system
    • F02M26/15—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories in relation to the exhaust system in relation to engine exhaust purifying apparatus
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the description relates to a method for the regeneration of a diesel particulate filter of an internal combustion engine, in particular a direct injection diesel engine having in its exhaust tract a catalyst and a diesel particulate filter.
  • such internal combustion engines are preferably equipped with particle filters, ie diesel particulate filters.
  • particle filters ie diesel particulate filters.
  • regular regeneration of the diesel particulate filter is necessary in order to oxidize particles deposited there. It is known to provide this high gas temperatures of about 600 ° before the diesel particulate filter on the one hand and a corresponding oxygen content of> 5% in the exhaust gas.
  • so far regeneration strategies were operated, which provide the engine with late post-injection to about 140 ° crank angle to the top dead center, resulting in a combustion with poor efficiency and fuel introduction into the lubricating oil of the engine. As a result, an undesirable oil dilution occurs. Disclosure of the invention
  • the known, late fuel injection measures need not be carried out. Rather, the introduction of air into the exhaust gas tract of the diesel engine produces a correspondingly high gas temperature and provides the oxygen fraction required for the oxidation of the particles in the diesel particulate filter.
  • a present in the exhaust gas catalyst is not a hindrance, because it is inventively the air - viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the exhaust system - fed before the catalyst and before the diesel particulate filter.
  • the increased air admission of the catalyst does not disturb the regeneration of the diesel particulate filter. If there are unburned fuel residues in the exhaust, the introduction of air may increase the gas temperature even further.
  • the regeneration effect can be improved and accelerated by the fact that the introduced air is compressed air.
  • the air is supplied by a turbocharger of the internal combustion engine.
  • the turbocharger has a turbine which is driven by the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine.
  • the turbine is coupled to a compressor that compresses air and supplies it to an air intake tract of the internal combustion engine.
  • the air coming from the compressor is preferably used as compressed air for introduction into the exhaust tract for diesel particulate filter regeneration.
  • the invention relates to an apparatus for regenerating a diesel particulate filter of an internal combustion engine, in particular a direct injection diesel engine having in its exhaust tract a catalyst and the diesel particulate filter, wherein an air intake tract of the internal combustion engine via an air connection with the exhaust gas tract are in communication so that the air together flows through the catalyst and the diesel particulate filter with the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine.
  • the exhaust tract prefferably has first the catalyst and then the diesel particle filter, viewed downstream.
  • the air introduced into the exhaust tract first flows through the catalyst and then the diesel particulate filter.
  • the air connection preferably flows upstream of the catalyst into the exhaust gas tract.
  • the internal combustion engine has a turbocharger which is connected to an air intake tract of the internal combustion engine and that the air connection is in communication with the air intake tract.
  • the air connection receives compressed air from the turbocharger and feeds it into the exhaust tract when performing diesel particulate filter regeneration.
  • the drawing illustrates the invention with reference to an embodiment in which the figure shows a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine with an exhaust tract and an air intake tract.
  • the figure shows an internal combustion engine 1, the cylinder 2 and a cylinder 2 associated fuel injection system 3 has.
  • the Internal combustion engine 1 is a diesel internal combustion engine 4.
  • an air intake tract 5 which connects a turbocharger 6 of the internal combustion engine 1 with the cylinders 2.
  • an air cooler 7 and a throttle valve 8 are arranged in the air intake tract 5.
  • the air cooler 7 is located upstream of the throttle valve. 8
  • the cylinders 2 of the internal combustion engine 1 are connected to an exhaust tract 9, the exhaust manifold 10, an exhaust pipe 11, exhaust pipes 12, 13 and 14 and a catalyst 15 and a diesel particulate filter 16 includes.
  • the exhaust manifolds 10 are - viewed downstream of the exhaust gas - connected to the exhaust pipe 11, which leads to a turbine 17 of the turbocharger 6. Downstream of the turbine 17, the exhaust pipe 12 is connected, which leads to the catalyst 15.
  • the catalyst 15 is connected via the exhaust pipe 13 to the input of the diesel particulate filter 16 in connection.
  • the exhaust pipe 14 is connected.
  • An air intake pipe 18 leads to a compressor 19 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 6, which is connected on the output side to an air supply pipe 10 of the air intake tract 5 and leads to the air cooler 7, to which the throttle valve 8 is arranged downstream. From there, an air line 21 leads to the cylinders 2 of the internal combustion engine. Downstream of the compressor 19, an air connection 22 is provided, which is designed in particular as an air tube 23. It is connected, on the one hand, to the air supply pipe 20 and, on the other hand, to the exhaust pipe 12. It therefore discharges into the exhaust gas tract between the turbine 17 and the catalyst 15. In the air connection 22 there is a metering valve 24 with which a dosing of the air connection 22 can take place , It is also possible to close the air connection 22 by means of the metering valve 24.
  • the internal combustion engine 1 also has an exhaust gas recirculation 25, with which it is possible to introduce exhaust gas, which may be cooled by means of a cooler 26, into the air intake tract 5.
  • exhaust gas which may be cooled by means of a cooler 26 into the air intake tract 5.
  • the following function results: It is assumed that the internal combustion engine 1 has been in operation for a certain operating time and that, in this respect, the diesel particle filter 16 is reduced in its power due to separated particles. To regain the original performance, so a To deliver the best possible exhaust gas purification result, it is necessary to regenerate it. For this purpose, it is necessary to increase the temperature of the diesel particulate filter 16 to more than 600 0 C and on the other hand at least supply an oxygen content of at least 5%, so that the particles oxidize
  • the hitherto closed metering valve 24 is opened for this purpose, possibly correspondingly wide open by an engine control unit 27, so that the aforementioned conditions can be achieved.
  • the inflow of air which comes from the air intake tract 5 and taken downstream of the compressor 19 and is introduced via the air connection 22 io upstream of the catalyst 15 in the exhaust tract 9, on the one hand, a temperature increase, since the air downstream of the compressor 19 by their compression has a correspondingly high temperature.
  • the exhaust gas located in the exhaust tract 9 is enriched with air, ie with oxygen.
  • the arrangement is - controlled by the metering valve

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas After Treatment (AREA)
  • Processes For Solid Components From Exhaust (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for the regeneration of a diesel particle filter (16) of an internal combustion engine (1), especially of a directly injecting diesel engine (4), which has a catalyst (15) and the diesel particulate filter (16) in the exhaust train (9). Provisions are made so that air is brought into the exhaust train (9) in such a manner that, together with the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (1), it flows through the catalyst (15) and the diesel particle filter (16).

Description

Beschreibung description
Titel Verfahren zur Regeneration eines Dieselpartikelfilters einerTitle Process for the regeneration of a diesel particulate filter
Brennkraftmaschine sowie entsprechende VorrichtungInternal combustion engine and corresponding device
Die Beschreibung betrifft ein Verfahren zur Regeneration eines Dieselpartikelfilters einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einer direkteinspritzenden Dieselbrennkraftmaschine, die in ihrem Abgastrakt einen Katalysator und ein Dieselpartikelfilter aufweist.The description relates to a method for the regeneration of a diesel particulate filter of an internal combustion engine, in particular a direct injection diesel engine having in its exhaust tract a catalyst and a diesel particulate filter.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Bei Brennkraftmaschinen, insbesondere DieselbrennkraftmaschinenIn internal combustion engines, in particular diesel internal combustion engines
(Dieselmotoren, bevorzugt bei direkt einspritzenden Dieselmotoren), steigen die Anforderungen einer Umweltverträglichkeit. So sind Verbrennungsmotoren mit stetig sinkenden Emissionsgrenzwerten, geringerer Geräuschemission und dennoch hoher Dynamik und Leistungsabgabe gefordert.(Diesel engines, preferred in direct-injection diesel engines), increase the requirements of environmental compatibility. Thus, combustion engines are required with steadily decreasing emission limits, lower noise emission and yet high dynamics and power output.
Aus Umwelterwägungen sind derartige Brennkraftmaschinen bevorzugt mit Partikelfilter, also Dieselpartikelfilter ausgestattet. Während des Betriebs eines die entsprechende Brennkraftmaschine aufweisenden Fahrzeugs sind regelmäßige Regenerationen des Dieselpartikelfilters notwendig, um dort angelagerte Partikel zu oxidieren. Es ist bekannt, hierzu hohe Gastemperaturen von ca. 600° vor dem Dieselpartikelfilter einerseits und ein entsprechender Sauerstoffanteil von > 5% im Abgas vorzusehen. Um diese Anforderungen zu erfüllen, wurden bisher Regenerationsstrategien betrieben, die die Brennkraftmaschine mit späten Nacheinspritzungen bis ca. 140° Kurbelwinkel nach oberem Todpunkt vorsehen, was zu einer Verbrennung mit schlechtem Wirkungsgrad und einem Kraftstoffeintragen in das Schmieröl des Motors führt. Demzufolge findet eine nicht erwünschte Ölverdünnung statt. Offenbarung der ErfindungFor environmental considerations, such internal combustion engines are preferably equipped with particle filters, ie diesel particulate filters. During the operation of a vehicle having the corresponding internal combustion engine, regular regeneration of the diesel particulate filter is necessary in order to oxidize particles deposited there. It is known to provide this high gas temperatures of about 600 ° before the diesel particulate filter on the one hand and a corresponding oxygen content of> 5% in the exhaust gas. To meet these requirements, so far regeneration strategies were operated, which provide the engine with late post-injection to about 140 ° crank angle to the top dead center, resulting in a combustion with poor efficiency and fuel introduction into the lubricating oil of the engine. As a result, an undesirable oil dilution occurs. Disclosure of the invention
Aufgrund des erfindungsgemäßen Vorgehens, bei dem Luft in den Abgastrakt derart eingebracht wird, dass diese zusammen mit dem Abgas der Brennkraftmaschine den Katalysator und den Dieselpartikelfilter durchströmt, müssen die bekannten, späten Kraftstoffeinspritzmaßnahmen nicht durchgeführt werden. Vielmehr wird durch das Einbringen von Luft in den Abgastrakt des Dieselmotors eine entsprechende hohe Gastemperatur erzeugt und die für die Oxidation der Partikel im Dieselpartikelfilter erforderliche Sauerstoffanteil bereitgestellt. Dabei ist ein im Abgastrakt vorhandener Katalysator nicht hinderlich, denn es wird erfindungsgemäß die Luft - in Strömungsrichtung des Abgases im Abgastrakt betrachtet - vor dem Katalysator und vor dem Dieselpartikelfilter zugeführt. Die erhöhte Luftbeaufschlagung des Katalysators stört nicht die Regeneration des Dieselpartikelfilters. Wenn sich im Abgas unverbrannte Kraftstoffreste befinden, kann das Einbringen von Luft die Gastemperatur noch weiter erhöhen.Due to the procedure according to the invention, in which air is introduced into the exhaust tract in such a way that it flows through the catalyst and the diesel particulate filter together with the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine, the known, late fuel injection measures need not be carried out. Rather, the introduction of air into the exhaust gas tract of the diesel engine produces a correspondingly high gas temperature and provides the oxygen fraction required for the oxidation of the particles in the diesel particulate filter. In this case, a present in the exhaust gas catalyst is not a hindrance, because it is inventively the air - viewed in the flow direction of the exhaust gas in the exhaust system - fed before the catalyst and before the diesel particulate filter. The increased air admission of the catalyst does not disturb the regeneration of the diesel particulate filter. If there are unburned fuel residues in the exhaust, the introduction of air may increase the gas temperature even further.
Nach einer Weiterbildung der Erfindung ist vorgesehen, dass die Luft in den Abgastrakt derart eingebracht wird, dass diese erst den Katalysator und dann den Dieselpartikelfilter durchströmt. Insbesondere ist vorgesehen, dass die Menge der eingebrachten Luft einstellbar und auch auf Null reduzierbar ist. Je nach gewünschtem Luftüberschuss kann daher die Dosierung durchgeführt werden. In den Betriebsphasen, während derer keine Dieselpartikelfilter- Regeneration erfolgt, wird die Menge der eingebrachten Luft auf Null reduziert.According to a development of the invention, it is provided that the air is introduced into the exhaust gas tract in such a way that it first flows through the catalyst and then the diesel particle filter. In particular, it is provided that the amount of air introduced is adjustable and also reducible to zero. Depending on the desired excess air, therefore, the dosage can be carried out. In the operating phases during which no diesel particulate filter regeneration occurs, the amount of air introduced is reduced to zero.
Der Regenerationseffekt lässt sich dadurch verbessern und beschleunigen, dass die eingebrachte Luft komprimierte Luft ist. Insbesondere ist zu diesem Zweck vorgesehen, dass die Luft von einem Turbolader der Brennkraftmaschine geliefert wird. Der Turbolader weist eine Turbine auf, die vom Abgas der Brennkraftmaschine angetrieben wird. Die Turbine ist mit einem Verdichter gekuppelt, der Luft verdichtet und einem Luftansaugtrakt der Brennkraftmaschine zuführt. Die von dem Verdichter stammende Luft wird vorzugsweise als komprimierte Luft für das Einbringen in den Abgastrakt zur Dieselpartikelfilter-Regeneration verwendet. Ferner betrifft die Erfindung eine Vorrichtung zur Regeneration eines Dieselpartikelfilters einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einer direkt einspritzenden Dieselbrennkraftmaschine, die in ihrem Abgastrakt einen Katalysator und den Dieselpartikelfilter aufweist, wobei ein Luftansaugtrakt der Brennkraftmaschine über eine Luftverbindung mit dem Abgastrakt derart in Verbindung stehen, dass die Luft zusammen mit dem Abgas der Brennkraftmaschine den Katalysator und den Dieselpartikelfilter durchströmt.The regeneration effect can be improved and accelerated by the fact that the introduced air is compressed air. In particular, it is provided for this purpose that the air is supplied by a turbocharger of the internal combustion engine. The turbocharger has a turbine which is driven by the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine. The turbine is coupled to a compressor that compresses air and supplies it to an air intake tract of the internal combustion engine. The air coming from the compressor is preferably used as compressed air for introduction into the exhaust tract for diesel particulate filter regeneration. Furthermore, the invention relates to an apparatus for regenerating a diesel particulate filter of an internal combustion engine, in particular a direct injection diesel engine having in its exhaust tract a catalyst and the diesel particulate filter, wherein an air intake tract of the internal combustion engine via an air connection with the exhaust gas tract are in communication so that the air together flows through the catalyst and the diesel particulate filter with the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine.
Hierbei ist insbesondere vorgesehen, dass - stromabwärts betrachtet - der Abgastrakt zuerst den Katalysator und dann den Dieselpartikelfilter aufweist. Insofern durchströmt die in den Abgastrakt eingebrachte Luft zuerst den Katalysator und dann den Dieselpartikelfilter. Hierzu mündet die Luftverbindung bevorzugt stromaufwärts des Katalysators in den Abgastrakt.In this case, provision is made in particular for the exhaust tract to have first the catalyst and then the diesel particle filter, viewed downstream. In this respect, the air introduced into the exhaust tract first flows through the catalyst and then the diesel particulate filter. For this purpose, the air connection preferably flows upstream of the catalyst into the exhaust gas tract.
Ferner ist es vorteilhaft, wenn die Brennkraftmaschine einen Turbolader aufweist, der mit einem Luftansaugtrakt der Brennkraftmaschine verbunden ist und dass die Luftverbindung mit dem Luftansaugtrakt in Verbindung steht. Demzufolge erhält die Luftverbindung komprimierte Luft des Turboladers und führt diese in den Abgastrakt, wenn eine Dieselpartikelfilter-Regeneration durchgeführt wird.Further, it is advantageous if the internal combustion engine has a turbocharger which is connected to an air intake tract of the internal combustion engine and that the air connection is in communication with the air intake tract. As a result, the air connection receives compressed air from the turbocharger and feeds it into the exhaust tract when performing diesel particulate filter regeneration.
Schließlich ist es vorteilhaft, wenn in der Luftverbindung ein schließbares Dosierventil angeordnet ist. Mit diesem Dosierventil lässt sich die Luftmenge pro Zeiteinheit auf ein gewünschtes Maß einstellen und auch die Luftverbindung ganz schließen.Finally, it is advantageous if a closable metering valve is arranged in the air connection. With this metering valve, the amount of air per unit of time can be set to a desired level and also completely close the air connection.
Kurze Beschreibung der ZeichnungenBrief description of the drawings
Die Zeichnung veranschaulicht die Erfindung anhand eines Ausführungsbeispiels und zwar zeigt die Figur in schematischer Darstellung eine Brennkraftmaschine mit einem Abgastrakt und einem Luftansaugtrakt.The drawing illustrates the invention with reference to an embodiment in which the figure shows a schematic representation of an internal combustion engine with an exhaust tract and an air intake tract.
Ausführungsform(en) der ErfindungEmbodiment (s) of the invention
Die Figur zeigt eine Brennkraftmaschine 1 , die Zylinder 2 sowie eine den Zylinder 2 zugeordnete Kraftstoffeinspritzanlage 3 aufweist. Bei der Brennkraftmaschine 1 handelt es sich um eine Dieselbrennkraftmaschine 4. Ferner weist die Brennkraftmaschine 1 einen Luftansaugtrakt 5 auf, der einen Turbolader 6 der Brennkraftmaschine 1 mit den Zylindern 2 verbindet. Im Luftansaugtrakt 5 sind ein Luftkühler 7 und ein Drosselventil 8 angeordnet. Der Luftkühler 7 liegt stromaufwärts des Drosselventils 8.The figure shows an internal combustion engine 1, the cylinder 2 and a cylinder 2 associated fuel injection system 3 has. In the Internal combustion engine 1 is a diesel internal combustion engine 4. Further, the internal combustion engine 1, an air intake tract 5, which connects a turbocharger 6 of the internal combustion engine 1 with the cylinders 2. In the air intake tract 5, an air cooler 7 and a throttle valve 8 are arranged. The air cooler 7 is located upstream of the throttle valve. 8
Die Zylinder 2 der Brennkraftmaschine 1 sind an einen Abgastrakt 9 angeschlossen, der Auspuffkrümmer 10, ein Abgasrohr 11 , Abgasrohre 12, 13 und 14 sowie einen Katalysator 15 und einen Dieselpartikelfilter 16 umfasst. Die Auspuffkrümmer 10 sind - stromabwärts des Abgases betrachtet - an das Abgasrohr 11 angeschlossen, dass zu einer Turbine 17 des Turboladers 6 führt. Stromabwärts der Turbine 17 ist das Abgasrohr 12 angeschlossen, das zum Katalysator 15 führt. Ausgangsseitig steht der Katalysator 15 über das Abgasrohr 13 mit dem Eingang des Dieselpartikelfilters 16 in Verbindung. Ausgangsseitig an den Dieselpartikelfilter 16 ist das Abgasrohr 14 angeschlossen. Ein Luftansaugrohr 18 führt zu einem Verdichter 19 des Abgasturboladers 6, der ausgangsseitig an ein Luftzuführrohr 10 des Luftansaugtrakts 5 angeschlossen ist und zu dem Luftkühler 7 führt, zu dem stromabwärts das Drosselventil 8 angeordnet ist. Von dort aus führt eine Luftleitung 21 zu den Zylindern 2 der Brennkraftmaschine. Stromabseitig des Verdichters 19 ist eine Luftverbindung 22 vorgesehen, die insbesondere als Luftrohr 23 ausgebildet ist. Sie steht einerseits mit dem Luftzuführrohr 20 in Verbindung und andererseits mit dem Abgasrohr 12. Demzufolge mündet sie in den Abgastrakt zwischen der Turbine 17 und dem Katalysator 15. In der Luftverbindung 22 befindet sich ein Dosierventil 24, mit der eine Dosierung der Luftverbindung 22 erfolgen kann. Es ist auch möglich, mittels des Dosierventils 24 die Luftverbindung 22 zu schließen.The cylinders 2 of the internal combustion engine 1 are connected to an exhaust tract 9, the exhaust manifold 10, an exhaust pipe 11, exhaust pipes 12, 13 and 14 and a catalyst 15 and a diesel particulate filter 16 includes. The exhaust manifolds 10 are - viewed downstream of the exhaust gas - connected to the exhaust pipe 11, which leads to a turbine 17 of the turbocharger 6. Downstream of the turbine 17, the exhaust pipe 12 is connected, which leads to the catalyst 15. On the output side, the catalyst 15 is connected via the exhaust pipe 13 to the input of the diesel particulate filter 16 in connection. On the output side of the diesel particulate filter 16, the exhaust pipe 14 is connected. An air intake pipe 18 leads to a compressor 19 of the exhaust gas turbocharger 6, which is connected on the output side to an air supply pipe 10 of the air intake tract 5 and leads to the air cooler 7, to which the throttle valve 8 is arranged downstream. From there, an air line 21 leads to the cylinders 2 of the internal combustion engine. Downstream of the compressor 19, an air connection 22 is provided, which is designed in particular as an air tube 23. It is connected, on the one hand, to the air supply pipe 20 and, on the other hand, to the exhaust pipe 12. It therefore discharges into the exhaust gas tract between the turbine 17 and the catalyst 15. In the air connection 22 there is a metering valve 24 with which a dosing of the air connection 22 can take place , It is also possible to close the air connection 22 by means of the metering valve 24.
Die Brennkraftmaschine 1 weist ferner eine Abgasrückführung 25 auf, mit der es möglich ist, Abgas, das gegebenenfalls mittels eines Kühlers 26 gekühlt wird, in den Luftansaugtrakt 5 einzubringen. Im Betrieb der Brennkraftmaschine 1 ergibt sich folgende Funktion: Es wird angenommen, dass die Brennkraftmaschine 1 eine bestimmte Betriebszeit in Betrieb war und dass insofern der Dieselpartikelfilter 16 durch abgeschiedene Partikel in seiner Leistung herabgesetzt ist. Um die ursprüngliche Leistung wiederzuerlangen, also ein möglichst gutes Abgasreinigungsergebnis zu liefern, ist es erforderlich, ihn zu regenerieren. Hierzu ist es erforderlich, die Temperatur des Dieselpartikelfilters 16 auf über 6000C zu erhöhen und andererseits mindestens einen Sauerstoffanteil von mindestens 5% zuzuführen, so dass die Partikel oxidierenThe internal combustion engine 1 also has an exhaust gas recirculation 25, with which it is possible to introduce exhaust gas, which may be cooled by means of a cooler 26, into the air intake tract 5. During operation of the internal combustion engine 1, the following function results: It is assumed that the internal combustion engine 1 has been in operation for a certain operating time and that, in this respect, the diesel particle filter 16 is reduced in its power due to separated particles. To regain the original performance, so a To deliver the best possible exhaust gas purification result, it is necessary to regenerate it. For this purpose, it is necessary to increase the temperature of the diesel particulate filter 16 to more than 600 0 C and on the other hand at least supply an oxygen content of at least 5%, so that the particles oxidize
5 können. Erfindungsgemäß wird hierzu das bisher geschlossene Dosierventil 24 geöffnet, möglicherweise von einem Motorsteuergerät 27 entsprechend weit geöffnet, so dass sich die genannten Voraussetzungen schaffen lassen. Durch das Einströmen von Luft, die aus dem Luftansaugtrakt 5 stammt und stromabwärts des Verdichters 19 entnommen und über die Luftverbindung 22 io stromaufwärts des Katalysator 15 in den Abgastrakt 9 eingebracht wird, erfolgt einerseits eine Temperaturerhöhung, da die Luft stromabwärts des Verdichters 19 durch ihre Komprimierung eine entsprechend hohe Temperatur aufweist. Ferner wird das sich im Abgastrakt 9 befindliche Abgas mit Luft, also mit Sauerstoff angereichert. Die Anordnung wird - gesteuert durch das Dosierventil5 can. According to the invention, the hitherto closed metering valve 24 is opened for this purpose, possibly correspondingly wide open by an engine control unit 27, so that the aforementioned conditions can be achieved. By the inflow of air, which comes from the air intake tract 5 and taken downstream of the compressor 19 and is introduced via the air connection 22 io upstream of the catalyst 15 in the exhaust tract 9, on the one hand, a temperature increase, since the air downstream of the compressor 19 by their compression has a correspondingly high temperature. Furthermore, the exhaust gas located in the exhaust tract 9 is enriched with air, ie with oxygen. The arrangement is - controlled by the metering valve
15 24 - derart getroffen, dass im Dieselpartikelfilter 16 die gewünschte Temperatur und auch der genannte Sauerstoffüberschuss vorliegt, wodurch die dort abgelagerten Partikel oxidiert werden und der Dieselpartikelfilter 16 regeneriert wird.15 24 - such that in the diesel particulate filter 16, the desired temperature and also said oxygen excess is present, whereby the particles deposited there are oxidized and the diesel particulate filter 16 is regenerated.
20 20

Claims

Ansprüche claims
1. Verfahren zur Regeneration eines Dieselpartikelfilters einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einer direkteinspritzenden Dieselbrennkraftmaschine, die in ihrem Abgastrakt einen Katalysator und den Dieselpartikelfilter aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Luft in den Abgastrakt (9) derart eingebracht wird, dass diese zusammen mit dem Abgas der Brennkraftmaschine (1 ) den Katalysator (15) und den Dieselpartikelfilter (16) durchströmt.1. A method for the regeneration of a diesel particulate filter of an internal combustion engine, in particular a direct injection diesel engine having in its exhaust gas a catalyst and the diesel particulate filter, characterized in that air is introduced into the exhaust tract (9) such that this together with the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine ( 1) flows through the catalyst (15) and the diesel particulate filter (16).
2. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luft in den Abgastrakt (9) derart eingebracht wird, dass diese erst den Katalysator (15) und dann den Dieselpartikelfilter (16) durchströmt.2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the air is introduced into the exhaust gas tract (9) such that it first flows through the catalyst (15) and then the diesel particulate filter (16).
3. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Menge der eingebrachten Luft einstellbar und auch auf Null reduzierbar ist.3. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the amount of introduced air is adjustable and also reducible to zero.
4. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luft komprimierte Luft ist.4. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air is compressed air.
5. Verfahren nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luft von einem Turbolader (6) der Brennkraftmaschine (1 ) geliefert wird.5. The method according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air from a turbocharger (6) of the internal combustion engine (1) is supplied.
6. Vorrichtung zur Regeneration eines Dieselpartikelfilters einer Brennkraftmaschine, insbesondere einer direkt einspritzenden Dieselbrennkraftmaschine, die in ihrem Abgastrakt einen Katalysator und den Dieselpartikelfilter aufweist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein Luftansaugtrakt (5) der Brennkraftmaschine (1 ) über eine Luftverbindung6. An apparatus for regenerating a diesel particulate filter of an internal combustion engine, in particular a direct-injection diesel engine having in its exhaust gas a catalyst and the diesel particulate filter, characterized in that an air intake tract (5) of the internal combustion engine (1) via an air connection
(22) mit dem Abgastrakt (9) derart in Verbindung steht, dass die Luft zusammen mit dem Abgas der Brennkraftmaschine (1 ) den Katalysator (15) und den Dieselpartikelfilter (16) durchströmt. (22) communicates with the exhaust tract (9) in such a way that the air, together with the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (1) flows through the catalyst (15) and the diesel particulate filter (16).
7. Vorrichtung nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass - stromabwärts betrachtet - der Abgastrakt (9) zuerst den Katalysator (15) und dann den Dieselpartikelfilter (16) aufweist.7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that - viewed downstream - the exhaust tract (9) first the catalyst (15) and then the diesel particulate filter (16).
8. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Luftverbindung (22) stromaufwärts des Katalysators (15) in den Abgastrakt (9) mündet.8. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the air connection (22) upstream of the catalyst (15) in the exhaust gas duct (9) opens.
9. Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Brennkraftmaschinen (1 ) einen Turbolader (6) aufweist, der mit einem Luftansaugtrakt (5) der Brennkraftmaschine (1 ) verbunden ist und dass die Luftverbindung (22) mit dem Luftansaugtrakt (5) in Verbindung steht.9. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the internal combustion engine (1) has a turbocharger (6) which is connected to an air intake tract (5) of the internal combustion engine (1) and that the air connection (22) with the air intake tract ( 5) is in communication.
10.Vorrichtung nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass in der Luftverbindung (22) ein schließbares Dosierventil (24) angeordnet ist. 10.Vorrichtung according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the air connection (22) a closable metering valve (24) is arranged.
PCT/EP2009/052400 2008-03-20 2009-02-27 Method for the regeneration of a diesel particle filter of an internal combustion engine as well as a corresponding device WO2009115405A1 (en)

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