Classifications

• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W72/00—Local resource management
  • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
  • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
  • H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
  • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
  • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
  • H01Q3/26—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system varying the relative phase or relative amplitude of energisation between two or more active radiating elements; varying the distribution of energy across a radiating aperture
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04B—TRANSMISSION
  • H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
  • H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
  • H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
  • H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
  • H04B7/0613—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission
  • H04B7/0682—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station using simultaneous transmission using phase diversity (e.g. phase sweeping)
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W72/00—Local resource management
  • H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
  • H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
  • H04W72/0446—Resources in time domain, e.g. slots or frames
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
  • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
  • H04W28/26—Resource reservation
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
  • H04W84/00—Network topologies
  • H04W84/02—Hierarchically pre-organised networks, e.g. paging networks, cellular networks, WLAN [Wireless Local Area Network] or WLL [Wireless Local Loop]
  • H04W84/10—Small scale networks; Flat hierarchical networks

Definitions

• WLAN wireless personal area networking
• FIG. 1 provides an example of a super-frame schedule of an embodiment of the invention
• FIG. 2 provides a dynamic bandwidth reservation example an embodiment of the invention.
• FIG. 3 illustrates a dynamic bandwidth reservation flow according to an embodiment of the present invention.
• plality and a plurality as used herein may include, for example, “multiple” or “two or more”.
• the terms “plurality” or “a plurality” may be used throughout the specification to describe two or more components, devices, elements, units, parameters, or the like.
• a plurality of stations may include two or more stations.
• a millimeter (mm)wave communication link imposes more challenges in terms of link budget than those at lower frequencies (e.g. 2.4GHz and 5GHz bands) because of its inherent isolation due to both oxygen absorption, which attenuates the signal over long range, and its short wavelength, which provides high attenuation through obstructions such as walls and ceilings.
• Devices performing directional transmissions can achieve higher range (mitigation for the link budget issue), as well as better aggregated throughput and spatial reuse, whereas certain pairs of devices separated in space can communicate simultaneously.
• a directional antenna pattern covering a wide range of angles to give omni-directional coverage may be employed to aid in neighbor discovery and beam-steering decisions.
• the antennae supported by devices can be of several types: Non- Trainable Antenna, Sectorized Antenna or Phased Array Antenna.
• the channel time is scheduled using Time
• TDMA Division Multiple Access
• channel time reservations are usually performed for each super-frame 110, 120 and 130 (the basic timing division for TDMA) by the Coordinator and communicated in the beacon frame 150. If a channel time block is reserved 160 for a specific pair of devices then the sender performs high-rate directional transmission. At the same time, if the channel time block is unreserved 170, it can be accessed using the CSMA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access) mechanism. Unfortunately, the CSMA mechanism necessitates using omnidirectional transmissions that are rather inefficient and provide very low throughput.
• CSMA Carrier Sense Multiple Access
• the existing medium access control (MAC) protocols allow reserving channel time blocks only starting from the next super-frame after the new schedule has been announced in the beacon 150. That incurs large delays for bursty data traffic, which adversely affects the application performance. On the other hand, reserving spare channel time for such traffic leads to poor channel utilization.
• An embodiment of the present invention provides a mechanism for dynamic reservation of free channel time blocks for directional transmission, which reduces the latency and increases the throughput of bursty data traffic.
• an embodiment of the present invention provides a novel mechanism for dynamic reservation of free channel time blocks for directional transmission.
• Superframes are shown at 210, 220 and 230 with superframe 220 called out at 240 and including beacon 250, reserved block 260, handshake 270 and dynamically reserved block 280.
• the Coordinator allocates a part or the whole unreserved channel time block for a directional link.
• the bandwidth allocation request specifying the reservation period is sent by the sender using omni-directional or directional transmission pointed toward the Coordinator.
• the Coordinator responds to the sender using (quasi) omnidirectional transmission that must be received by the other devices with the bandwidth grant message that specifies the allocated reservation period, which can be less than or equal to that in the bandwidth allocation request.
• the Coordinator may also allow certain non-interfering links to utilize the allocated channel time block as specified in the bandwidth grant message.
• bandwidth request 340 is sent from sender 320 to coordinator 330 with a BW grant from coordinator to sender at 350.
• sender transmits (directional) data 360 to receiver 310.
• the sender may itself act as the Coordinator and may need to just announce the grant.
• embodiments of the present invention increase the throughput and decrease the latency for bursty data traffic. Further, the present invention maintains high channel utilization in presence of bursty data traffic and provides efficient channel sharing with constant and variable bit rate connections. It may also provide techniques for efficient spatial reuse and increases the capacity and the overall throughput of a WPAN.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
• Signal Processing (AREA)
• Quality & Reliability (AREA)
• Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

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