WO2009107522A1 - Structure for fixing two members, and tool holder of machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

Block A has a groove, protrusions formed on the opposite sides thereof and a body portion, and block B has a groove being fitted to the groove of block A while intersecting perpendicularly, protrusions formed on the opposite sides thereof and a body portion. A tapered surface is formed, respectively, at one edge touching the footprint of the groove at the body portion of block B, and at the other edge touching the inner side face of the groove at the protrusion of block A. These tapered surfaces are formed such that the groove of block B engages with the groove of block A, and the side face on the other side of the body portion of block A where the tapered surface is not formed becomes a flank for permitting rotation of block B about an axis of rotation, i.e. one side touching the inner side face of the protrusion on the other side of block A where the tapered surface is formed, the tapered surfaces of block A and block B have heights H1 and H2 which satisfy a relation 2>H-H1 assuming the depth of the groove of block A is H, and the grooves are fitted each other.

Description

Two-member fixing structure and machine tool tool holder

The present invention relates to a two-member fixing structure and a tool holder of a machine tool.

In general, a fitting between a convex part and a concave part or a hole and a pin is used for positioning the two members, and a bolt is used for fixing and connecting the two members.
For example, in a turret lathe suitable for low-volume, multi-product production, a plurality of tool rests are provided on the turret, and a tool holder is fixed to the tool rest. Since the tool holder is formed exclusively for each tool, when processing a workpiece, the processing order (processing procedure) is first determined based on the processing content (processing type) of the workpiece. The order of the tool holders attached to the tool post is determined according to the order. Since the number of tool post is generally 6 to 12, 6 to 12 kinds of tool holders can be attached to the turret. Since various tools can be attached to the turret lathe in this way, there is usually no shortage of tools necessary for machining, but other tools are required depending on the machining content of the workpiece, Tool holder replacement may be required. For this reason, in order to cope with complicated tool holder replacement even in a turret lathe, a concave portion and a convex portion are provided for positioning the tool post and the tool holder, and the tool holder is fixed to the tool post with bolts. .

However, when positioning is performed by fitting the concave portion and the convex portion, there is a problem that if the other side is slightly tilted with respect to one side, galling occurs and it takes time to release. In particular, in the case of a turret lathe, since the tool holder is heavy and difficult to handle, it is easy to cause galling, which may hinder production efficiency. In the case of a turret lathe, the tool post is provided with a screw hole for attaching the tool holder to the tool post and an insertion hole for inserting the rotating part of the tool mounted on the tool holder into the tool post. Therefore, when the tool holder is replaced, the chips adhering to the tool, the tool post, the cover of the turret lathe, etc. enter the inside of the turret, causing a problem in the internal device. .

An object of the present invention is to enable positioning and fixing in a state where there is no biting and squeezing in a two-member fixing structure that is fitted to each other and fixed to each other by bolts.

According to a first main aspect of the present invention, there is provided a two-member fixing structure including a base member fixed to a mounted portion and a fixed member fixed to the base member,
The base member includes a rectangular parallelepiped block A,
The block A has a concave groove formed in the thickness direction of the block A on the upper surface of the block A, a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove, and a body portion. ,
The fixed member includes a rectangular parallelepiped block B,
The block B has the same thickness as the width of the concave groove of the block A and a width larger than the thickness of the concave groove, and is formed on the lower surface of the block B in the thickness direction of the block A. A concave groove that engages with both convex portions and fits perpendicularly to the concave groove of the block A, a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove, and a body portion; ,
Tapered surfaces are respectively formed on one end edge in contact with the groove bottom surface of the body of the block B and on the other edge in contact with the inner surface of the groove in the protrusion of the block A. The other side where the concave surface of the block A is engaged with the concave groove of the block A, and the other side surface of the body portion of the block B where the tapered surface is not formed is the other side where the tapered surface of the block A is formed. The inner surface of the convex portion on the side and the tapered surface of the block A are in contact with one side, and formed as a flank that allows the block B to rotate with the one side as a rotation axis,
The heights H1 and H2 of the tapered surfaces of the block A and the block B in the depth direction of the groove are H, and the depth of the groove of the block A is H.
H2> H-H1
To meet the relationship
The fixed member is constrained on both sides of the body portion of the block B in the thickness direction of the block B on both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block A, and in the thickness direction of the body portion of the block A. The both inner surfaces in the width direction of both projecting portions of the block B are fixed to the attached portion by a fixture in a fitted state between the concave grooves, which are constrained on both surfaces at both end surfaces,
A two-member securing structure is provided.
With such a structure, biting when the two members are fitted is prevented. In addition, in the state where the block A and the block B have been fitted, the block A and the block B are in a four-sided restrained support state, so that the load applied to the fixture can be reduced. Further, positioning and fixing of the fixed member can be completed in a short time.

In this case, the heights H1 and H2 of the tapered surfaces of the block A and the block B in the depth direction of the groove are H, and the depth of the groove of the block A is H.
H>H1> H / 2
Or
H>H2> H / 2
It is preferable that it is determined so as to satisfy this relationship.

Further, the heights H1 and H2 of the tapered surfaces of the block A and the block B in the depth direction of the groove are H, and the depth of the groove of the block A is H.
H1> H−H2 and H2 ≦ H / 2
Or
H2> H−H1 and H1 ≦ H / 2
It is preferable that it is determined so as to satisfy this relationship.

Further, it is preferable that the depth of the concave groove of the block B is set to the same depth as the depth of the concave groove of the block A.

Further, the depth of the groove of the block A is deeper than the depth of the groove of the block B, and the bottom surface of the groove of the block B is the groove of the block B when the grooves are fitted to each other. It is preferable that it floats from the bottom surface.

Further, it is preferable that the tapered surface is formed as a flat surface.

Further, it is preferable that the tapered surface is formed as a curved surface.

According to a second main aspect of the present invention, there is provided a two-member fixing structure provided by the first main aspect of the present invention, further comprising one end edge in contact with the bottom surface of the groove A of the block A and Tapered surfaces are respectively formed on the other end edges of the convex portions of the block B in contact with the inner surface of the concave groove, and these tapered surfaces engage the concave groove of the block A with the concave groove of the block B. In the state where the other side surface where the tapered surface of the part is not formed is in contact with one side where the inner surface of the convex part of the other side where the tapered surface of the block B is formed and the tapered surface of the block B is in contact A two-member fixing structure formed so as to be a flank that allows rotation of the block B with the one side as a rotation axis is provided.
With such a structure, positioning and fixing of the fixed member can be completed in a shorter time.

According to a third main aspect of the present invention, according to the fixing method of the two-member fixing structure provided by the second main aspect of the present invention,
An adhering step of adhering the base member to the attached portion;
A first positioning step of constraining the block B to the block A on two sides;
After the first positioning step, a second positioning step of constraining the block B to the block A on four sides;
A fixing step of fixing the fixed member to the base member with a fixture after the second positioning step;
The first positioning step includes the step of inclining the block B with respect to the block A so that the concave groove of the block B is engaged with the concave groove of the block A from an oblique direction, and the inclination In this state, both the inner surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block B are constrained at both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the body portion of the block A, and the concave grooves of the block B are changed to the concave grooves of the block A. Including a step of inserting,
In the second positioning step, the other side surface of the body portion of the block B where the tapered surface is not formed is defined as the inner side surface of the other side convex portion where the tapered surface of the block A is formed. The step of bringing the block A into contact with the one side where the tapered surface of the block A contacts, and the state where the other side surface of the block B is in contact with one side of the block A, the block B is rotated about the one side as a rotation axis. There is provided a fixing method in a two-member fixing structure including a step of dropping the groove of the block B into the groove of the block A.

According to a fourth main aspect of the present invention, there is provided a fixing method in a two-member fixing structure provided by the second main aspect of the present invention,
An adhering step of adhering the base member to the attached portion;
A first positioning step of engaging the block A provided in the fixed member with the block A provided in the base member;
After the first positioning step, a second positioning step of constraining the block B to the block A on four sides;
A fixing step of fixing the fixed member to the base member with a fixture after the second positioning step;
The first positioning step includes the step of inclining the block B with respect to the block A so that the concave groove of the block B is engaged with the concave groove of the block A from an oblique direction, and the inclination A corner where the one end edge of the body portion of the block B where the tapered surface is not formed and the inner surface of the other convex portion where the tapered surface of the block B is formed, The inner surface of the convex part on the other side where the tapered surface of the block A is formed is opposed to the corner which is in contact with the other edge of the block A which is in contact with the bottom surface of the groove where the tapered surface is not formed. An insertion step of inserting the concave groove of the block B into the concave groove of the block A,
In the second positioning step, the corner of the block B is brought into contact with the corner of the block A, and the corner of the block B is brought into contact with the corner of the block A. There is provided a fixing method in a two-member fixing structure including a step of dropping the concave groove of the block B into the concave groove of the block A while rotating the block B as a rotating shaft.

According to a fifth main aspect of the present invention, the two-member fixing structure which is the first main aspect of the present invention is a tool holder of a machine tool, and is fixed to the attached portion. There is provided a tool holder for a machine tool, wherein the base member is a holder base fixed to a tool rest of a machine tool, and the fixed member fixed to the base member is a tool holder fixed to the holder base.
Since the holder base is fixed to the tool rest of the machine tool and the tool holder is attached and detached, the chips do not enter the machine. Thereby, the malfunction of the machine tool resulting from the penetration | invasion of a chip can be prevented.

In this case, it is preferable that the tool held by the tool holder is a non-rotating cutting tool.
Here, the non-rotating cutting tool refers to a tool in which the cutting tool itself does not rotate, for example, a bite or a throw-away tip. A rotary cutting tool refers to a tool that the cutting tool itself rotates, such as a drill or a reamer. Excluding the rotary cutting tool is that the driven shaft of the rotary tool is inserted into the insertion hole of the tool post, so that the base member also requires an insertion hole. This is because the powder enters the machine through the insertion hole. When the rotary tool is excluded from the cutting tool, the holder base is attached to the tool post, and the opening of the tool post such as the insertion hole can be closed with the holder base, so that such a problem can be solved.

According to a sixth main aspect of the present invention, the fixing method in the two-member fixing structure provided by the third main aspect of the present invention is a method for fixing a tool holder of a machine tool, A machine tool in which the base member fixed to the mounted portion is a holder base fixed to a tool post of a machine tool, and the fixed member fixed to the base member is a tool holder fixed to the holder base. A method for fixing the tool holder is provided.

According to a seventh main aspect of the present invention, the fixing method in the two-member fixing structure provided by the fourth main aspect of the present invention is a fixing method of a tool holder of a machine tool, A machine tool in which the base member fixed to the mounted portion is a holder base fixed to a tool post of a machine tool, and the fixed member fixed to the base member is a tool holder fixed to the holder base. A method for fixing the tool holder is provided.

According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent biting and squeezing when the concave groove of the block B of the fixed member is fitted into the concave groove of the block of the base member. Further, when the concave groove of the block B is fitted into the concave groove of the block A, the block A and the block B are mutually restrained on four sides, so that the positioning accuracy is improved. Thereby, the position alignment at the time of fixing a to-be-fixed member to a base member becomes unnecessary, and the working time at the time of fixing with a volt | bolt can be reduced significantly.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the positioning and fixing structure between two members according to the present invention is applied to a tool holder of a turret lathe will be described.

<First Embodiment>
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a turret and a tool holder of a turret lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an abcd cut surface and an efgh cut surface of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the tool holder corresponding to.

The turret 1 is rotatably supported by a support shaft (not shown) and is rotated to an index position by an index motor. A plurality of tool rests 2 as fixed parts are attached to the turret 1, and a tool holder 3 is attached to each tool rest 2.

The tool holder 3 includes a holder base 3a as a base member fixed to the tool post 2 and a tool holder 3b as a fixed member fixed to the holder base 3a by a fixing tool, for example, a bolt (not shown). Is done.
The holder base 3a is fixed to the tool post 2 with a high axial force bolt such as a hexagon socket head bolt.

The holder base 3a and the tool holder 3b are formed so as to have a weight equivalent to, for example, a conventional tool holder when they are connected to each other.
Thereby, the tool holder 3b is significantly reduced in weight as compared with the conventional tool holder, and can be handled easily such as attachment to and removal from the tool post 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the holder base 3a is provided with a rectangular parallelepiped block A at the upper part, and the tool hod 3b is provided with a rectangular parallelepiped block B at the lower part.
In the block A, a concave groove 5 is formed on the upper surface of the block A along the thickness direction of the block A. The block B has the same thickness as the width of the concave groove 5 of the block A and a width larger than the thickness of the concave groove 5, and the concave groove 8 along the thickness direction of the block B is formed on the lower surface of the block B. .
The block A is formed with convex portions 6 and 6 on both sides of the concave groove 5 due to the formation of the concave grooves 5, and is formed with a body portion 7 that connects the convex portions 6 and 6 to each other. By forming the concave groove 8, convex portions 9 and 9 are formed on both sides of the concave groove 8, and a body portion 10 that connects the convex portions 9 and 9 is formed. Each groove | channel 5 and 8 is extended linearly, and is opened to the side in the both ends of the thickness direction of the block A and the block B, respectively. Moreover, each groove | channel 5 and 8 is formed in a cross-sectional rectangular shape.

The depths H and H ′ of the groove 5 of the block A and the groove 8 of the block B may be the same depth H = H ′ or different depths H ≠ H ′. The height (thickness) of the body part 7 of the block A and the height (thickness) of the body part 10 of the block B may be the same or different.
In the case of the same depth H = H ′, when the block B is fitted to the block A, the bottom surface of the concave groove 8 of the block B and the bottom surface of the concave groove 5 of the block A coincide with each other and come into close contact with each other. . In the case of different depths H ≠ H ′, when the block B is fitted to the block A, the bottom surface of the groove 8 of the block B and the bottom surface of the groove 5 of the block A are inconsistent and are not in contact with each other. . In particular, when the depth of the groove 5 of the block A is deeper than the depth of the groove 8 of the block B and the bottom surface of the groove 8 of the block B is floating above the bottom surface of the groove 5 of the block A, Powder or excess lubricating oil can be confined in the bottom of the groove 5 of the block A. In order to float the bottom surface of the concave groove 8 of the block B from the bottom surface of the concave groove 5 of the block A, support means for floating is necessary. The support means includes, for example, a pair of convex portions 9 of the block B provided in the tool holder 3b, and a pair of mounting seats 19 provided on the holder base 3a provided with the block A and in contact with the convex portions 9, respectively. Can be configured. In FIG. 1, the case where there is one mounting seat is illustrated.
A tool mounting portion 14 for mounting a cutting tool (hereinafter also referred to as a tool) 4 is provided on the side surface of the tool holder 3b. The cutting tool 4 such as a cutting tool or a throw-away tip is inserted into the tool mounting portion 14 and then fixed to the tool holder 3b by screwing. In addition, the tool attachment part 14 respond | corresponds to the shape for every tool.

The block A of the holder base 3a and the block B of the tool holder 3b are provided with tapered surfaces 11A and 11B different from chamfering to prevent biting and squeezing. The tapered surfaces 11A and 11B function as flank surfaces. As long as the taper surfaces 11A and 11B function as flank surfaces, the taper surfaces 11A and 11B may be formed by any surface, and may be formed by a flat surface or a curved surface, for example.
The tapered surfaces 11A and 11B are the widths of one end k of the body portion 10 in contact with the groove bottom surface of the groove groove end of the block B of the tool holder 3b and the protrusion 6 of the groove groove opening of the block A of the holder base 3a. The other edge l in contact with the inner surface in the direction, or the other edge j of the body 10 in contact with the groove bottom surface of the groove B end of the block B of the tool holder 3b and the groove opening of the block A of the holder base 3a. It is provided at one end edge m in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the convex portion 6 of the portion.
Hereinafter, in order to facilitate understanding, one end k of the body portion 10 in contact with the groove bottom surface of the groove groove end portion of the block B and the inner surface in the width direction of the protrusion portion 6 of the groove groove opening portion of the block A are in contact. The case where the taper surfaces 11A and 11B are provided on the other edge l will be described.
The taper surface 11B of the block B extends from one end of one end k to the other end along one end edge k, and the other end l of the other taper surface 11 also extends along the other end l. Extends from one end to the other.
The heights H1 and H2 of the taper surfaces 11A and 11B in the depth direction of the groove are defined as H (the depth of the groove 5 of the block A and the groove 8 of the block B). May be the same or different from each other), and are defined so as to satisfy H1> H—H2 or H2> H—H1.
This is to satisfy the following conditions.
(A) This is a condition for allowing the block B to be supported on two surfaces in a state where the fitting between the block A and the block B is completed.
(B) The area of each support surface should be as large as possible. This is a condition for improving the reliability in (A).
(C) The block B can be rotated around the horizontal axis in a state where the block B is fitted in the groove A of the block A, and the groove B of the block B is changed to the groove A of the block A by utilizing the rotation of the block B around the horizontal axis. 5 so that it can be fitted without biting or biting. This is a condition for enabling precise positioning and improving workability.

In order to satisfy such conditions (A), (B), and (C), each part of the blocks A and B may be determined as follows.
<General decision>
The groove depth H of the block A is not related to the depth of the groove B of the block B. If the heights of the taper surfaces of the blocks A and B are H1 and H2, H1> H−H2 or H2> H−H1. It is determined to satisfy the relationship. This will be described below.
FIG. 4 shows how the block B rotates around the horizontal axis in the concave groove 5 of the block A. FIG. Here, the rotation around the horizontal axis is the fitting (attachment) to the block A when the direction is clockwise, and the release from the block A when the direction is counterclockwise.
The tapered surfaces 11 </ b> A and 11 </ b> B are formed at the other end l of the convex portion 6 on the other side of the block A and an end edge k on the one side of the body portion 10 of the block B.
In the state indicated by the solid line in which the block B is fitted in the concave groove 5 of the block A, the contact point where the tapered surface 11A of the block A contacts the side surface of the body portion 10 on the other side of the block B is a, and the other side of the tapered surface 11A The point formed by connecting the point a and the point f is af. The contact point where the taper surface 11B of the block B is in contact with the inner surface of the convex portion 6 on one side of the block A is d, the other point of the taper surface 11B is e, and the point d and the point e are connected. Let de be the edge. Further, the depth of the groove 5 of the block A is H, the height of the taper surface 11A of the block A in the depth direction of the groove is H1, and the height of the taper surface 11B of the block B in the depth direction of the groove is H2. To do.
In order to rotate the block B around the horizontal axis around the contact point a with the block B fitted to the block A, the rotation locus 20 having the contact point d of the block B as the radius r1 connecting the contact points a and d. Need to be rotated along. For this purpose, the height of the contact point d of the block B from the bottom surface of the concave groove 8 (height H2 of the tapered surface 11B) is equal to or higher than the height of the position of the contact point a of the block A corresponding to the contact point d. Must be in position (> H-H1). When the contact point d of the block B is at a position lower than the corresponding contact point a as indicated by d ′ (H2> H2 ′), for example, the body portion 10 of the block B formed by connecting the contact points dd ′ is formed. This is because a part of the side surface on one side is locked to the inner side surface of the convex portion 6 on one side of the block A and does not rotate.
Therefore, in order for the block B to rotate with the block A fitted to the block A, the height conditions of the tapered surfaces 11A and 11B of the block A and the block B must be determined so as to satisfy the relationship of H2> H−H1. I must. This can also be said for the reverse state where block A is fitted to block B, or it must be determined to satisfy the relationship H1> H−H2.
Thus, if the height of each taper surface is defined, the taper surfaces 11A and 11B without the galling can be formed in the block A and the block B.

Thus, the taper surface 11B is formed on the block B along the side de, the taper surface 11A is formed on the block A along the side af, and the block B is rotated around the contact point a. Then, the fitting of the blocks A and B satisfying the conditions (A), (B) and (C) is obtained. In this case, the taper surface 11A of the block A escapes, and the taper surface 11B of the block B also escapes. The taper surface 11A of the block A may have a clearance angle θ that allows the block B to rotate. The tapered surface 11B of the block B only needs to be inside the rotation locus 20 of the point d of the block B. Both tapered surfaces do not need to be flat and may be formed by curved surfaces or may be formed by notches.

According to the above-described embodiment, the general determination condition of the tapered surface height is H1> H−H2 or H2> H−H1, but from the viewpoint of the fitting strength and the fitting property, In addition, the following specific decisions should be made.

<Specific decision>
(1) H1> H−H2 and H1> H / 2, H2> H / 2, or H2> H−H1 and H2> H / 2, and H1> H / 2.
Actually, manufacturing tolerances and adhesion of dust can be considered. Therefore, when manufacturing is performed with negative tolerances, there is a risk of galling or entrapment if dust adheres, as shown in FIG. Thus, a sufficient margin can be obtained only by slightly shifting the contacts a and d upward from H / 2 (for example, 0.5 mm).
Therefore, the lower limit values of the heights H1 and H2 of the tapered surfaces 11A and 11B of the block A and the block B are preferably H1> H / 2 and H2> H / 2 in order to correspond to the tolerance. Further, the upper limits of the heights H1 and H2 of the tapered surfaces 11A and 11B of the blocks A and B are preferably H> H1 and H> H2 in order to satisfy (A).
When the heights H1 and H2 of the tapered surfaces 11A and 11B of the blocks A and B are smaller than H / 2, it becomes difficult to fit. For example, the omission may be worse or it may not be filled depending on the angle. If it is larger than H / 2, the fitting becomes easy. However, if the degree of H / 2 or more becomes too large, the contact area between the concave groove of the block A and the side surface of the body part of the block B, which are closely related to the fitting strength, is not preferable. The height of each of the tapered surfaces 11A and 11B is preferably larger than H / 2 from the viewpoints of strength and fitting.
In this case, the depth H of the groove 5 of the block A may be set to the same depth as the depth of the groove 8 of the block B, or may be set to a different depth. Further, the dimensions of the tapered surfaces 11A and 11B may be set equal or different.

(2) H1> H−H2 and 0 <H2 ≦ H / 2, or H2> H−H1 and 0 <H1 ≦ H / 2.
In consideration of the direction of the load, it is not necessary to equalize the dimensions of the tapered surfaces 11A and 11B in order to satisfy (A) and (B). Therefore, the groove depth of the tapered surfaces 11A and 11B on the load receiving side is not required. The depth of the taper surfaces 11B and 11A in the depth direction of the groove on the side where the depth in the vertical direction is shallow and does not receive much load may be increased. For example, assuming that the depth in the groove depth direction of the taper surface 11A on the high load side is H / 3 and the depth of the taper surface 11B in the groove groove depth direction on the low load side is 2H / 3, The support area may be increased.
Also in this case, the depth of the groove 5 of the block A may be set to the same depth as the depth of the groove 8 of the block B, or may be set to a different depth.

When specific numerical values are entered in each block A and block B, for example, the taper angle 11A of the tapered surface 11A = 13.5 °, the width L of the body 10 in the width direction of the block B = 85 (mm), and H = 10 (M) When assuming that the maximum radius r1 = 85.16 when the block B is rotated around the horizontal axis around the contact point a, the height of the tapered surfaces 11A and 11B is H1 = H2 = 5.02 (mm). is there.

<Example of fixing method by rotation>
Next, referring to FIGS. 1, 4, and 5, the contact a between the inner side surface of the convex portion 6 on the other side of the block A and the other side surface of the body portion 10 of the block B is rotated about the horizontal axis. An example of a fixing method for attaching the tool holder 3b to the holder base 3a as a shaft will be described.

[Fixing process]
In advance, the holder base 3a is fixed to the tool post 2 with a bolt as a fixture.

[First positioning step]
First, hold the block B with both hands and check the positions of the taper surfaces 11A and 11B of the block A and the block B (FIG. 5A). The block B is arranged above the block A so that the taper surface 11B of the block B is arranged on the opposite side (FIGS. 1 and 5A).
Next, with respect to the block A, the body part 10 on the other side where the taper surface 11B of the block B is not formed is lower and the body part 10 on the one side where the taper surface 11B is formed is upper. The block B is tilted (step of tilting). By moving the block B toward the block A side by arranging the inner side surfaces of both convex portions 9, 9 of the block B on the same plane as the both side surfaces of the body portion 7 of the block A with the block B tilted Then, both inner side surfaces of both convex portions 9, 9 of the block B are engaged with both side surfaces of the body portion 7 of the block A ((inserting step), FIG. 5 (b)). When both inner side surfaces of both convex portions 9 and 9 of the block B are engaged with both side surfaces of the body portion 7 of the block A, the block B is in a two-surface constrained state with respect to the block A.

[Second positioning step]
Subsequently, the block B is moved to the other convex portion 6 side on which the tapered surface 11A of the block A is formed with the both side surfaces of the body portion 7 of the block A as guide surfaces while being in a two-surface constrained state. The other side surface of the body portion 10 where the tapered surface 11B is not formed is brought into contact with one side where the inner surface of the convex portion 6 on the other side of the block A and the tapered surface 11 are in contact ((step of contacting). FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 (c)).

In this state, the lower end of the lower surface of the body part on the other side of the block B is supported by the bottom surface of the groove on the block A, so that the inner surface of the convex part 6 on the other side of the block A and the tapered surface 11A are around one side. Block B can be rotated. At this time, the taper surface 11 </ b> A of the block A becomes a relief for making the block B tilted.

Since the taper surface 11B is formed on the edge k on one side of the body portion 10 of the block B, the side surface of the body portion 10 on one side of the block B is blocked even if the block B is rotated to the engagement side. There is no contact with the inner surface of the convex portion 6 on one side of A.
Thereby, the trunk | drum 10 of the block B can be dropped without being squeezed into the concave groove 5 of the block A in the state of two-surface restraint ((dropping process), FIG.5 (d)). The method of dropping the block B while rotating in this way is referred to as a swing fitting method here.
When the fitting of the block B is completed, the block B is positioned on the block A in a four-surface constrained state.
Since the clearance between block A and block B is in the range of 1/100 to 3/100, block B is precisely positioned on block A within the clearance range.

When the positioning is completed, the bolt insertion hole 12 (see FIG. 1) of the tool holder 3b is accurately positioned with respect to the screw hole 13 (see FIG. 1) of the holder base 3a. The tool holder 3b can be fixed to the holder base 3a only by screwing (not shown) into the screw hole 13. Therefore, it can contribute to shortening of working time.

In addition, what is necessary is just to reverse the procedure at the time of engagement, when removing the tool holder 3b from the holder base 3a. Thereby, the tool holder 3b can be removed from the holder base 3a without causing galling.

As described above, in the two-member fitting fixing structure according to the present embodiment, the block B is not constrained on a four-sided basis from the start to the end of engagement, but is in a four-sided constrained state after the two-sided constraining. Therefore, the workability when positioning the tool holder 3b can be dramatically improved. Further, since no biting or galling occurs, the working time can be greatly shortened, and it is possible to sufficiently cope with the complicated request for replacement of the tool holder 3b.
Further, even if the height H1 of the tapered surface 11A in the depth direction of the groove exceeds 1/2 of the depth H of the groove 5 of the block A, the block B is supported on two surfaces, so the bolt is excessive. No heavy load is applied. Thereby, it is not necessary to change the size of the bolt, the bolt insertion hole 12, and the screw hole 13. Further, if the height H1 of the tapered surfaces 11A and 11B in the depth direction of the concave groove exceeds 1/2 of the depth H of the concave groove 5 of the block A, the contact area between the block A and the block B is as follows. Since each is maximized, the reliability is greatly improved.

<Other examples of fixing methods by rotation>
In an example of the fixing method, the block B is placed with the body 10 on the other side where the taper surface 11B of the block B is not formed facing the convex portion 6 on the other side where the taper surface 11A of the block A is formed. Although the case where it fits while rotating was demonstrated, the trunk | drum of the one side by which the taper surface 11B of the block B is formed in the convex part 6 of the one side in which the taper surface 11A of the block A is not formed You may make it fit, turning 10 and rotating the block B.

That is, the block arrangement is opposite to that shown in FIG. 5, the taper surface 11A is formed not on the other side of the block A but on the convex portion on one side, and the taper surface 11B has a concave groove on the block B. It is formed in the body part of the other side which can be seen. The other example of this fixing method is different from the example of the fixing method shown in FIG. 5 in that in the example of the fixing method, the block B is swung like a groove 5 of the block A. In another example of this fixing method, the block B is swung in such a manner that it is dropped into the concave groove 5 of the block A so as to draw a parabola.

<Fixing method by dropping>
Next, another method for fixing the tool holder 3b using the rotation of the block B around the horizontal axis will be described with reference to FIG. In this method, the block B is rotated by dropping using the tapered surface 11 of the block B, the groove 8 of the block B is positioned in the groove 5 of the block A, and then the tool holder 3b is attached to the holder base 3a with a bolt. Fix it. The holder base 3a is fixed to the tool post 2 with bolts. In the tool holder, the depth of the groove 5 of the block A and the depth of the groove 8 of the block B are the same, and the taper surface is simply the taper surface 11 without distinguishing on the sign.

First, as a preparation stage, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the body portion 10 of the block B of the tool holder 3b is placed on the upper end surface of the convex portion 6 on one side of the block A of the holder base 3a. Both inner side surfaces of the convex portions 9 and 9 of the block B are fitted to both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the convex portion 6 on one side of the block A. Thereafter, the tool holder 3b is moved from one side to the other side using both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the convex portion 6 as guide surfaces. The tool holder 3b is moved starting from the side without the tapered surface 11.

When the tool holder 3b is moved, the center of gravity of the tool holder 3b moves from the right side to the left side in the figure. Thereby, the tool holder 3b rotates counterclockwise in the drawing for each block B, and the other end edge j of the body portion 10 of the block B contacting the groove bottom surface of the groove A end of the block A is the other side of the block A. It is supported on the bottom surface of the concave groove on the side. As a result, the block B inclines to the left in the figure, and both inner side surfaces of the convex portions 9 and 9 of the block B engage with both side surfaces of the body portion 7 of the block A.

In this state, the block B is in a two-sided restrained state by both side surfaces of the body portion 7 of the block A, and rotation in the left-right direction is prevented. Thereby, it is not necessary to guide the tool holder 3b by hand, and the block B can be moved from one side of the block A to the other side only by an operation of pushing by hand.

When the block B is moved from the one convex part 6 side of the block A to the other convex part 6 side, it will be in the state shown to FIG.3 (c), (d).
In this state, the taper surface 11 of the block B moves on the inner edge of one convex portion 6 of the block A and is supported by this edge.
When the block B is further moved from this position to the other side, the other side of the block B descends to the upper surface (groove bottom surface) side of the body portion 7 which is the end of the concave groove 5 of the block A according to the angle of the tapered surface 11. The other edge j of the body portion 7 of the block B approaches the inner surface in the width direction of the other convex portion 9 of the block A.

When the tapered surface 11 leaves the edge of the convex portion 6 on one side, it loses its support by the edge and descends by its own weight. At this time, the edge j on the other side of the body portion 10 opposite to the tapered surface 11 side of the block B moves to a position where the clearance with the inner surface in the width direction of the other convex portion 6 of the block A is minimized. To do. Thereby, the tool holder 3b rotates clockwise in the figure. At this time, the taper surface 11 of the block A escapes the body portion 10 of the block B and prevents interference. Thereafter, when the groove bottom surface of the block B becomes parallel to the groove bottom surface of the block A, the tool holder 3b is lowered in the gravity direction by its own weight. Thereby, the bottom surface of the groove B of the block B is seated on the bottom surface of the groove A of the block A. In this state, the entire inner surface in the width direction of the convex portion 9 of the block B is engaged with the entire opposite side surfaces of the trunk portion 7 of the block A, and the entire opposite side surfaces of the trunk portion 10 of the block B are the convex portions of the block A. Engages the entire inner surface of 6,6. Therefore, the block B is in a positioning end state in which the block A is constrained by the four surfaces.

After completion of positioning, a bolt is passed through the bolt insertion hole 12 of the block B, and this is screwed into the block A or a screw hole 13 of a flange provided so as to be connected thereto.
The holder base 3a is much lighter than the conventional tool holder and is easy to handle. Also in this respect, the working time can be shortened. Further, the concave grooves 5 of the block A are open upward and on both sides, and can be cleaned by blowing air or wiping with a waste cloth. This also has an advantage of preventing biting and galling.

As shown in FIG. 3 (e), one end edge k in contact with the groove bottom surface (groove bottom surface) of the groove end of the groove 8 of the block B or a taper surface serving as a guide surface at the other edge j. 11 and a tapered surface 11 serving as a flank is provided on one end edge m or the other end edge l in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the convex portion 6 of the concave groove opening of the block A, the tapered surface It cannot be engaged from the side opposite to the 11 side. Since the directionality is set in this way, an attachment error is prevented, and an unexpected situation can be prevented in advance.

<Comparative example>
Next, in order to compare with the two-member fixing structure according to the present embodiment, a fixing method when the tapered surface 11 is not provided will be described.
When the block A and the block B are not provided with the tapered surface 11, first, the block B is held with both hands, and the bottom surface of the groove B and the bottom surface of the groove A are opposed to each other at a twisted position. Next, while moving the block B, both side surfaces in the thickness direction of the body portion 7 of the block B and both inner side surfaces in the width direction of the convex portions 6 and 6 of the block A are arranged on the same plane. Each inner side surface of the convex part 9 and each side surface of the trunk | drum 7 of the block A are arrange | positioned on the same plane. When they are in the same plane, both side surfaces of the body portion 10 of the block B and the inner surface of the convex portion 6 of the block A guide the inner surface of the convex portion 6 of the block A and both side surfaces of the body portion 10 of the block B, respectively. Although it is possible to simultaneously fit as surfaces, it is easy to cause galling when the surfaces are simultaneously fitted. In this case, between both side surfaces in the thickness direction of the body portion 10 of the block B and both inner side surfaces in the width direction of the convex portions 6 and 6 of the block A, and inner side surfaces of the convex portions 9 and 9 of the block B, When the clearance between the side surfaces of the body portion 7 of the block A is increased to create play, it becomes difficult for biting and galling to occur. However, precise positioning with a tolerance of fitting between the groove A of the block A and the groove 8 of the block B cannot be performed with a precision of 1/100 to 3/100. There is a problem of lowering.
As another structure for fixing the tool holder 3b to the holder base 3a, a structure in which the block A and the block B are fitted in a slide shape is assumed. However, even in this case, galling is likely to occur when the slide surfaces are fitted to each other. Also, when the slide structure is used, when both are fixed with bolts, the bolts are fastened while visually confirming the alignment between the bolt insertion holes and the screw holes, which takes time. There is a problem.

<Effect of Embodiment>
According to the present embodiment, the tool holder can be attached and detached in a shorter time than before, and it is possible to sufficiently cope with complicated replacement. In particular, when the two-member fixing structure according to the present embodiment is applied to a tool holder of a machine tool, the tool holder can be replaced in a short time, so the waiting time until resuming the processing is greatly reduced, and the productivity is improved. Will improve. In addition, since the holder base is fixed to the tool post and the opening of the tool post is closed, it is possible to prevent chips from entering the machine and to prevent malfunction of the turret lathe caused by chips. Can do. In addition, when the tool holder is fixed to the holder base, the horizontal force generated during cutting is supported by shear, and the body portion receives a sliding force urged from the convex portion by compression. The strength does not decrease.
<Modification>

In the first embodiment, one end edge k in contact with the groove bottom surface of the groove B end of the block B and the other end in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the protrusion 6 of the groove opening in the block A are described. Although the case where the taper surface 11 is provided on the edge l has been described, the other end edge j of the body portion 10 in contact with the groove bottom surface of the groove groove end portion of the block B and the protrusion of the groove groove opening portion of the block A of the holder base 3a. Even when the tapered surface 11 is provided on one end edge m in contact with the inner side surface in the width direction of the portion 6, the same operation and effect can be obtained if the dimensions of the respective portions are determined as described with reference to FIG. 4. .
In addition, when a communication hole (such as a screw hole or a hole for inserting a rotating shaft) connected to the opening on the turret side is provided in the holder base 3a and the communication hole is closed by a lid screwed into the holder base 3a, rotational cutting is performed. A tool shall be included in the cutting tool demonstrated in this Embodiment.

<Second Embodiment>
In the present embodiment, after the first positioning step, if the second positioning step is performed to prevent the biting between the block B and the block A in the second positioning step, a good fit without biting or biting can be achieved. Although it has been described that a match can be obtained, it is preferable that the fitting without causing a sticking is performed not only in the second positioning step but also in the first positioning step.
That is, as shown in FIG. 6, not only the taper surfaces 11A and 11B are provided on the block A and the block B as described above, but also one of the convex portions of the groove A opening of the block A in the thickness direction of the block A. One edge (x1) in contact with the inner surface in the width direction and the other edge (y1) in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the convex portion 9 of the groove opening of the block B, or in the thickness direction of the block A The other end edge (x2) in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the other convex portion of the groove A opening of the block A and one end in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the convex portion 9 of the groove opening in the block B A tapered surface 11D (x1), 11C (y1), or 11D (x2), 11C (y2) (not shown) may be added to each of the edges (y2) in the same manner as the tapered surfaces 11A and 11B. In this case, the height of the tapered surfaces 11D and 11C in the depth direction of the groove is the same as the relationship between the tapered surfaces 11A and 11B.

Referring to FIG. 7, an example of a method for fixing the tool holder 3b of the second embodiment having the added tapered surface will be described. This fixing method includes a swing fitting method (see FIG. 5) of a tool holder in which tapered surfaces 11A and 11B are formed (see FIG. 5), and a tool holder in which tapered surfaces 11C and 11D are formed in a direction adjacent to and perpendicular to the tapered surfaces 11A and 11B. The swing fitting method (see FIG. 5) is a combined fixing method. This fixing method can be said to be a spin fixing method because the rotation operation resembles a spin that stands on one foot and rotates the body.

Here, the fixing step of fixing the holder base 3a to the tool post 2 will be omitted, and the first positioning step and the second positioning step will be described.

[First positioning step]
The taper surface 11B of the block B is arranged on the opposite side of the block A taper surface 11A side across the central groove portion of the block A, and is opposite to the taper surface 11C side of the block B across the central groove portion of the block B. The block B is disposed above the block A so that the tapered surface 11D of the block A is disposed on the side (FIG. 7A). The block B is inclined so that one end of the groove groove edge k on the other side to which the cutting tool 4 is attached is upward and the other edge of the groove groove edge on which the tapered surface 11C is formed is downward ( Tilting step). In a state where the block B is tilted, the groove is inserted into the groove of the block A into the groove of the block B (step of inserting).
[Second positioning step]
The other end corner 21 of the groove groove edge on the other side of the block B is brought into contact with the corner 22 at one end of the groove groove edge on the other side where the tapered surface 11A of the block A is formed (step of contacting). FIG. 7 (b)). Specifically, the corner 21 where the other end edge where the tapered surface 11B of the body portion of the block B is not formed and the inner surface of the convex portion on the other side where the tapered surface 11C of the block B is formed is in contact with the corner 21. The inner surface of the convex portion on the other side where the taper surface 11A of the block A is formed and the corner 22 which contacts the other end edge x2 that contacts the bottom surface of the groove where the taper surface 11D of the block A is not formed are brought into contact with each other. .

When the block B is rotated clockwise around the corners 21 and 22 and the other side to which the cutting tool 4 is attached is lowered, the block B can be dropped into the concave groove 5 of the block A without being bitten (( Dropping step), FIG. 7 (c)). When the dropping of the block B is completed, the block B is fitted to the block A in a four-surface constrained state.

As described above, in the two-member fitting fixing structure according to the second embodiment, the block B is in a four-surface constrained state from the start to the end of the engagement, and therefore, when positioning the tool holder 3b. The workability can be improved dramatically. In addition, since neither biting nor galling occurs, the working time can be further shortened, and it is possible to sufficiently cope with the more complicated request for replacement of the tool holder 3b.

The fitting fixing structure and fixing method between two members according to the present invention can be applied to various fields such as connection between rotating shafts, connection between fixed shafts, connection between hardwares, connection between hardware and shafts, and the like. it can.

Explanation of symbols

3a Holder base (base member)
3b Tool holder (fixed member)
A block 5 concave groove 6 convex portion 7 trunk portion 8 concave groove 9 convex portion 10 trunk portion j one edge k the other edge l one edge m the other edge

It is explanatory drawing which shows the turret and tool holder of the turret lathe which concern on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of a tool holder corresponding to the abcd cut plane and the efgh cut plane in FIG. 1. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the fixing method at the time of attaching a tool holder to the holder base which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship of the dimension of the blocks A and B which concern on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the other example of the fixing method at the time of attaching a tool holder to the holder base which concerns on the 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the turret and tool holder of the turret lathe which concern on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the fixing method at the time of attaching a tool holder to the holder base which concerns on the 2nd Embodiment of this invention.

Claims (14)

1. A two-member fixing structure comprising a base member fixed to a mounted portion and a fixed member fixed to the base member,
   The base member includes a rectangular parallelepiped block A,
   The block A has a concave groove formed in the thickness direction of the block A on the upper surface of the block A, a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove, and a body portion. ,
   The fixed member includes a rectangular parallelepiped block B,
   The block B has the same thickness as the width of the concave groove of the block A and a width larger than the thickness of the concave groove, and is formed on the lower surface of the block B in the thickness direction of the block A. A concave groove that engages with both convex portions and fits perpendicularly to the concave groove of the block A, a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove, and a body portion; ,
   Tapered surfaces are respectively formed on one end edge in contact with the groove bottom surface of the body of the block B and on the other edge in contact with the inner surface of the groove in the protrusion of the block A. The other side where the concave surface of the block A is engaged with the concave groove of the block A, and the other side surface of the body portion of the block B where the tapered surface is not formed is the other side where the tapered surface of the block A is formed. The inner surface of the convex portion on the side and the tapered surface of the block A are in contact with one side, and formed as a flank that allows the block B to rotate with the one side as a rotation axis,
   The heights H1 and H2 of the tapered surfaces of the block A and the block B in the depth direction of the groove are H, and the depth of the groove of the block A is H.
   H2> H-H1
   To meet the relationship
   The fixed member is constrained on both sides of the body portion of the block B in the thickness direction of the block B on both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block A, and in the thickness direction of the body portion of the block A. The both inner surfaces in the width direction of both projecting portions of the block B are fixed to the attached portion by a fixture in a fitted state between the concave grooves, which are constrained on both surfaces at both end surfaces,
   Two-member fixed structure.
2. The heights H1 and H2 of the tapered surfaces of the block A and the block B in the depth direction of the groove are H, and the depth of the groove of the block A is H.
   H>H1> H / 2
   Or
   H>H2> H / 2
   The two-member fixing structure according to claim 1, wherein the two-member fixing structure is defined so as to satisfy the relationship.
3. The heights H1 and H2 of the tapered surfaces of the block A and the block B in the depth direction of the groove are H, and the depth of the groove of the block A is H.
   H1> H−H2 and H2 ≦ H / 2
   Or
   H2> H−H1 and H1 ≦ H / 2
   The two-member fixing structure according to claim 1, wherein the two-member fixing structure is defined so as to satisfy the relationship.
4. 2. The two-member fixing structure according to claim 1, wherein the depth of the concave groove of the block B is set to the same depth as the concave groove of the block A. 3.
5. The depth of the concave groove of the block A is deeper than the depth of the concave groove of the block B, and the bottom surface of the concave groove of the block B is the bottom surface of the concave groove of the block B when the concave grooves are fitted to each other. The two-member fixing structure according to claim 1, which is more floating.
6. The two-member fixing structure according to claim 1, wherein the tapered surface is formed as a flat surface.
7. The two-member fixing structure according to claim 1, wherein the tapered surface is formed as a curved surface.
8. Further, a taper surface is formed on one end edge in contact with the bottom surface of the groove A of the block A and on the other end edge in contact with the inner surface of the groove in the convex portion of the block B. Is engaged with the concave groove of the block A, and the other side surface of the body portion of the block A where the tapered surface is not formed is the inner side surface of the convex portion of the other side where the tapered surface of the block B is formed. 2. The two-member fixing structure according to claim 1, wherein the two-member fixing structure is formed so as to be a flank that allows rotation of the block B around the one side as a rotation axis in a state of being in contact with one side in contact with the tapered surface of the block B. .
9. A fixing method for a two-member fixing structure according to claim 1,
   An adhering step of adhering the base member to the attached portion;
   A first positioning step of constraining the block B to the block A on two sides;
   After the first positioning step, a second positioning step of constraining the block B to the block A on four sides;
   A fixing step of fixing the fixed member to the base member with a fixture after the second positioning step;
   The first positioning step includes the step of inclining the block B with respect to the block A so that the concave groove of the block B is engaged with the concave groove of the block A from an oblique direction, and the inclination In this state, both the inner surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block B are constrained at both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the body portion of the block A, and the concave grooves of the block B are changed to the concave grooves of the block A. Including a step of inserting,
   In the second positioning step, the other side surface of the body portion of the block B where the tapered surface is not formed is defined as the inner side surface of the other side convex portion where the tapered surface of the block A is formed. The step of bringing the block A into contact with the one side where the tapered surface of the block A contacts, and the state where the other side surface of the block B is in contact with one side of the block A, the block B is rotated about the one side as a rotation axis. A step of dropping the concave groove of the block B into the concave groove of the block A while fixing in a two-member fixing structure.
10. A fixing method for a two-member fixing structure according to claim 6,
    An adhering step of adhering the base member to the attached portion;
    A first positioning step of engaging the block A provided in the fixed member with the block A provided in the base member;
    After the first positioning step, a second positioning step of constraining the block B to the block A on four sides;
    A fixing step of fixing the fixed member to the base member with a fixture after the second positioning step;
    The first positioning step includes the step of inclining the block B with respect to the block A so that the concave groove of the block B is engaged with the concave groove of the block A from an oblique direction, and the inclination A corner where the one end edge of the body portion of the block B where the tapered surface is not formed and the inner surface of the other convex portion where the tapered surface of the block B is formed, The inner surface of the convex portion on the other side where the tapered surface of the block A is formed is opposed to the corner which is in contact with the other edge of the block A which is in contact with the bottom surface of the groove where the tapered surface is not formed. An insertion step of inserting the concave groove of the block B into the concave groove of the block A,
    In the second positioning step, the corner of the block B is brought into contact with the corner of the block A, and the corner of the block B is brought into contact with the corner of the block A. And a step of dropping the concave groove of the block B into the concave groove of the block A while rotating the block B as a rotating shaft.
11. The two-member fixing structure according to claim 1 is a tool holder of a machine tool, wherein the base member fixed to the attached portion is a holder base fixed to a tool rest of a machine tool, and the base member A tool holder for a machine tool, wherein the fixed member fixed to the tool base is a tool holder fixed to the holder base.
12. The tool holder for a machine tool according to claim 11, wherein the tool held by the tool holder is a non-rotating cutting tool.
13. The fixing method in the two-member fixing structure according to claim 9 is a fixing method of a tool holder of a machine tool, wherein the base member fixed to the mounted portion is fixed to a tool post of the machine tool. A fixing method of a tool holder of a machine tool, wherein the fixed member fixed to the base member is a tool holder fixed to the holder base.
14. The fixing method in the two-member fixing structure according to claim 10 is a fixing method of a tool holder of a machine tool, wherein the base member fixed to the attached portion is fixed to a tool post of the machine tool. A fixing method of a tool holder of a machine tool, wherein the fixed member fixed to the base member is a tool holder fixed to the holder base.

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