JP4162706B1 - Two-member fixed structure, tool holder for machine tools - Google Patents

Abstract

In a two-member fixing structure which is fitted to each other and fixed to each other by bolts, positioning and fixing in a state where no biting or squeezing is possible are provided.
A base member fixed to a mounting portion and a fixed member fixed to the base member are provided. The base member includes a rectangular parallelepiped block A, and the block A blocks on the upper surface of the block A. A concave groove formed in the thickness direction of A, a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove, and a body portion, the fixed member includes a rectangular parallelepiped block B, and the block B Has the same thickness as the width of the groove of the block A and a width larger than the thickness of the groove, and the block B is formed on the lower surface of the block B in the thickness direction of the block, A concave groove that engages and fits perpendicularly to the concave groove of the block A; a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by forming the concave groove; and a body portion; The inner edge in the width direction of the convex portion of one end edge contacting the concave groove bottom surface and the concave groove opening of the block A On the other edge in contact with the surface, or on the other edge in contact with the groove bottom surface of the groove B end of the block B and one edge in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the protrusion of the groove opening of the block A Is formed with a tapered surface for engaging the groove of the block B with the groove of the block A, the depth of the groove of the block B is set to the same depth as the groove of the block A, The height H1 of the taper surface of the block A and the block B in the depth direction of the groove is determined so as to satisfy the relationship of H> H1 <H / 2, where H is the depth of the groove of the blocks A and B. The fixing member is constrained on both inner side surfaces in the thickness direction of the block B on both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block A, and on both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the body portion of the block A, on the block B. In the fitting state of the concave grooves in which both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the two are constrained to two surfaces, It is secured by bolts.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a two-member fixing structure, a fixing method in a two-member fixing structure, a tool holder of a machine tool, and a fixing method of a tool holder of a machine tool.

In general, a fitting between a convex part and a concave part or a hole and a pin is used for positioning the two members, and a bolt is used for fixing and connecting the two members.
For example, in a turret lathe suitable for low-volume, multi-product production, a plurality of tool rests are provided on the turret, and a tool holder is fixed to the tool rest. Since the tool holder is formed exclusively for each tool, when processing a workpiece, the processing order (processing procedure) is first determined based on the processing content (processing type) of the workpiece. The order of the tool holders attached to the tool post is determined according to the order. Since the number of tool rests is generally 6 to 12, 6 to 12 kinds of tool holders can be attached to the turret. Since various tools can be attached to the turret lathe in this way, there is usually no shortage of tools necessary for machining, but other tools are required depending on the machining content of the workpiece, Tool holder replacement may be required. For this reason, in order to cope with complicated tool holder replacement even in a turret lathe, a concave portion and a convex portion are provided for positioning the tool post and the tool holder, and the tool holder is fixed to the tool post with bolts. .

  However, when positioning is performed by fitting the concave portion and the convex portion, there is a problem that if the other side is slightly tilted with respect to one side, galling occurs and it takes time to release. In particular, in the case of a turret lathe, since the tool holder is heavy and difficult to handle, it is easy to cause galling, which may hinder production efficiency. In the case of a turret lathe, the tool post is provided with a screw hole for attaching the tool holder to the tool post and an insertion hole for inserting the rotating part of the tool mounted on the tool holder into the tool post. Therefore, when the tool holder is replaced, the chips adhering to the tool, the tool post, the cover of the turret lathe, etc. enter the inside of the turret, and there is a problem that the internal device is malfunctioning. .

  An object of the present invention is to enable positioning and fixing in a state where there is no biting or squeezing in a two-member fixing structure that is fitted to each other and fixed to each other by bolts.

1st invention is equipped with the base member fixed to a to-be-attached part, and the to-be-fixed member fixed to this base member, The said base member is provided with the rectangular parallelepiped block A, and the block A is block A A concave groove formed in the thickness direction of the block A, a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove, and a body portion, and the fixed member is a rectangular parallelepiped block B, the block B has the same thickness as the width of the concave groove of the block A and a width larger than the thickness of the concave groove, and the block B is formed on the lower surface of the block B in the thickness direction of the block. A concave groove that engages with both convex portions of A and fits perpendicularly to the concave groove of the block A, a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by forming the concave groove, and a body portion , One end edge of the groove B end of the block B in contact with the groove bottom and the groove A opening of the block A The other end edge in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the convex portion, or the other end edge in contact with the groove bottom surface of the groove end of the block B and the inner surface in the width direction of the convex portion of the groove groove opening in the block A A taper surface for engaging the concave groove of the block B with the concave groove of the block A is formed at one end edge in contact with the block A, and the depth of the concave groove of the block B is the same as the concave groove depth of the block A. The height H1 of the tapered surface of the block A and the block B in the depth direction of the groove is H, and the relationship of H>H1> H / 2 , where the depth of the groove of the blocks A and B is H, respectively. The fixed member is constrained on both side surfaces in the thickness direction of the block B on both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block A, and the fixed member The concave portion in which both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block B are constrained on both surfaces at both end surfaces in the thickness direction. Wherein in the fitted state between which is provided a fixing structure of the two members to be bolted to the mounting base.
With such a structure, biting when the two members are fitted is prevented. Further, in the state where the block A and the block B have been fitted, the block A and the block B are in a four-sided restrained support state, so that the load applied to the bolt can be reduced.

2nd invention is equipped with the base member fixed to a to-be-attached part, and the to-be-fixed member fixed to this base member, The said base member is provided with the rectangular parallelepiped block A, and the block A is block A A concave groove formed in the thickness direction of the block A, a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove, and a body portion, and the fixed member is a rectangular parallelepiped block B, the block B has the same thickness as the width of the concave groove of the block A and a width larger than the thickness of the concave groove, and the block B is formed on the lower surface of the block B in the thickness direction of the block. A concave groove that engages with both convex portions of A and fits perpendicularly to the concave groove of the block A, a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by forming the concave groove, and a body portion , One end edge of the groove B end of the block B in contact with the groove bottom and the groove A opening of the block A The other end edge in contact with the inner side surface in the width direction of the portion, or the other end edge in contact with the groove bottom surface of the groove end portion of the block B and the inner surface in the width direction of the convex portion of the groove groove opening in the block A A taper surface for engaging the concave groove of the block B with the concave groove of the block A is formed on one end edge in contact, and the depth of the concave groove of the block B is the same depth as the concave groove depth of the block A. The height H1 of the tapered surface of the block A and the block B in the depth direction of the groove satisfies the relationship of H>H1> H / 2 , where the depth of the groove of the blocks A and B is H. The fixing member is configured such that both end surfaces of the body portion in the thickness direction of the block B are constrained on both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block A, and the thickness of the body portion of the block A is The concave groove in which both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block B are constrained to two surfaces at both end surfaces in the direction A fixing method in a two-member fixing structure that is fixed to the attached portion by a bolt in a fitting state, wherein both the fixing step of fixing the base member to the attached portion and the width direction of the block B A first positioning step of engaging the outer side surface with the inner side surface in the width direction of both convex portions of the block A and restraining the block B on the block A by two sides, and after the first positioning step, the width direction of the block B By moving the block B back and forth in the width direction of the block A using both outer side surfaces as guide surfaces, the widthwise inner side surfaces of both convex portions of the block B are connected to both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the body portion of the block A. A two-member fixing structure comprising: a second positioning step of constraining the block B to the block A on all sides; and a fixing step of fixing the fixed member to the base member with a bolt after the second positioning step. Fixing method It provides the law.
With such a method, positioning and fixing of the fixed member can be completed in a short time.

3rd invention is equipped with the holder base fixed to the tool rest of a machine tool, and the tool holder fixed to this holder base, The said holder base is equipped with the rectangular parallelepiped block A, and the block A is a block. A concave groove formed in the thickness direction of the block A on the upper surface of A, and convex portions and body portions formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove, the tool holder being a rectangular parallelepiped block B The block B has the same thickness as the width of the concave groove of the block A and a width larger than the thickness of the concave groove, and the block B is formed on the lower surface of the block B in the thickness direction of the block. A concave groove that engages with both the convex portions of the block A and fits perpendicularly to the concave groove of the block A, a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove, and a trunk portion. One end edge of the block B in contact with the bottom surface of the groove and the block Of the other end edge in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the convex part of the convex part of the concave groove opening of A, or the other end edge in contact with the concave groove bottom surface of the concave groove end part of block B and the concave groove opening part of block A, A taper surface for engaging the concave groove of the block B with the concave groove of the block A is formed on one end edge in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the convex portion, and the depth of the concave groove of the block B is The height H1 of the taper surfaces of the block A and the block B in the groove depth direction is set to the same depth as the groove depth of the block A, and the depth of the grooves A and B is defined as H. The tool holder is defined so as to satisfy a relationship of H1> H / 2 , and both end surfaces of the body portion in the thickness direction of the block B are constrained on both surfaces on both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block A. The both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block B on both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the body portion of the block A There is provided a tool holder of a machine tool in a fitting state of the concave groove together with the surface bound and fixed by the holder base on the bolt.
With such a structure, biting when the two members are fitted is prevented. In addition, in a state where the block A and the block B have been fitted, the block A and the block B are in a four-surface constrained state, so that the load applied to the bolt can be reduced.
Further, the holder base is fixed to the tool post of the machine tool and the tool holder is attached and detached, so that chips do not enter the machine. Thereby, the malfunction of the machine tool resulting from the penetration | invasion of a chip can be prevented.

A fourth invention provides a tool holder of a machine tool according to the third invention , wherein the cutting tool held by the tool holder is a cutting tool excluding a rotary cutting tool.
Here, the rotary cutting tool means, for example, a drill or a reamer. Excluding the rotary cutting tool is that the driven shaft of the rotary tool is inserted into the insertion hole of the tool post, and the base member also requires an insertion hole. This is because it enters the machine through the insertion hole. When the rotary tool is excluded from the cutting tool, the holder base is attached to the tool post, and the opening of the tool post such as the insertion hole can be closed with the holder base, so that such a problem can be solved.

5th invention is equipped with the holder base fixed to the tool post of a machine tool, and the tool holder fixed to this holder base, a holder base is provided with the rectangular parallelepiped block A, and the block A is the said block. A concave groove formed in the thickness direction of the block A on the upper surface of A, and convex portions and body portions formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove, the tool holder being a rectangular parallelepiped block B The block B has the same thickness as the width of the concave groove of the block A and a width larger than the thickness of the concave groove, and the block B is formed on the lower surface of the block B in the thickness direction of the block. A concave groove that engages with both the convex portions of the block A and fits perpendicularly to the concave groove of the block A, a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove, and a trunk portion. One end edge of the block B in contact with the bottom surface of the groove and the block Of the other end edge in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the convex part of the convex part of the concave groove opening of A, or the other end edge in contact with the concave groove bottom surface of the concave groove end part of block B and the concave groove opening part of block A, A taper surface for engaging the concave groove of the block B with the concave groove of the block A is formed on one end edge in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the convex portion, and the depth of the concave groove of the block B is defined in the same depth as the groove depth of the block a, respectively the height H1 of the tapered surface of the groove depth direction of the block a and block B, block a, the depth of the groove of B as H H> The tool holder is defined so as to satisfy a relationship of H1> H / 2 , and both end surfaces of the body portion in the thickness direction of the block B are constrained on both surfaces on both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block A. The both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block B on both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the body portion of the block A A fixing method of a tool holder of a machine tool that is fixed to the holder base with a bolt in a state where the concave grooves that are surface-constrained are fitted to each other, the fixing step of fixing the holder base to the tool post, and the width of the block B A first positioning step in which both outer side surfaces of the direction are engaged with inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block A, and the block A is constrained on the two surfaces by the block A, and the width of the block B after the first positioning step. By moving the block B back and forth in the width direction of the block A using both outer side surfaces in the direction as guide surfaces, between the both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block B on both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the body portion of the block A A second positioning step in which the block B is constrained on four sides by the block A and a fixing step of fixing the tool holder to the holder base with a bolt after the second positioning step. A tool holder fixing method is provided.
With such a method, positioning and fixing of the tool holder with respect to the holder base can be completed in a short time.

According to the present invention, one end edge that contacts the groove bottom surface of the groove end of the block B of the fixed member and the other side surface that contacts the inner surface in the width direction of the protrusion of the groove opening of the block A of the base member. One end in contact with the inner edge in the width direction of the end edge or the other end edge in contact with the groove bottom surface of the groove end of the block B of the fixed member and the groove opening of the block A in the base member A taper surface for engaging the groove of the block B with the groove of the block A is formed at the edge, the groove groove depth of the block B is the same as the groove groove depth of the block A, and each taper surface The height H1 in the depth direction of the groove is defined to satisfy the relationship of H>H1> H / 2 , where H is the depth of the groove of the block A. Prevent biting and galling when fitting the groove into the concave groove of the base member block It can be. Further, when the concave groove of the block B is fitted into the concave groove of the block A, the block A and the block B are mutually restrained on four sides, so that the positioning accuracy is improved. Thereby, the position alignment at the time of fixing a to-be-fixed member to a base member becomes unnecessary, and the working time at the time of fixing with a volt | bolt can be reduced significantly . Further, when the height H1 of each taper surface in the depth direction of the groove is defined as a depth exceeding H / 2 where the depth of the groove of the block A is H, the support area of each support point is maximized. Therefore, reliability is improved.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the positioning and fixing structure between two members according to the present invention is applied to a tool holder of a turret lathe will be described.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a turret and a tool holder of a turret lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is an ab-c-d cut surface and an ef-g-h cut surface of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the tool holder corresponding to.

  The turret 1 is rotatably supported by a support shaft (not shown), and is rotated to an index position by an index motor. A plurality of tool rests 2 as fixed portions are attached to the turret 1, and a tool holder 3 is attached to each tool rest 2.

The tool holder 3 includes a holder base 3a as a base member fixed to the tool post 2 and a tool holder 3b as a fixed member fixed to the holder base 3a by bolts (not shown).
The holder base 3a is fixed to the tool post 2 with a high axial force bolt such as a hexagon socket head bolt.

The holder base 3a and the tool holder 3b are formed so as to have a weight equivalent to that of a conventional tool holder when connected to each other.
Thereby, the tool holder 3b is significantly reduced in weight as compared with the conventional tool holder, and can be handled easily such as attachment to and removal from the tool post 2.

As shown in FIG. 1, the holder base 3a includes a rectangular parallelepiped block A at the upper portion, and the tool holder 3b includes a rectangular parallelepiped block B at the lower portion.
In the block A, a concave groove 5 is formed on the upper surface of the block A along the thickness direction of the block A. The block B has the same thickness as the width of the concave groove 5 of the block A and a width larger than the thickness of the concave groove 5, and the concave groove 8 along the thickness direction of the block B is formed on the lower surface of the block B. .
The block A is formed with convex portions 6 and 6 on both sides of the concave groove 5 due to the formation of the concave grooves 5, and is formed with a body portion 7 that connects the convex portions 6 and 6 to each other. By forming the concave groove 8, convex portions 9 and 9 are formed on both sides of the concave groove 8, and a body portion 10 that connects the convex portions 9 and 9 is formed. Each groove | channel 5 and 8 is extended linearly, and is opened to the side in the both ends of the thickness direction of the block A and the block B, respectively. Moreover, each groove | channel 5 and 8 is formed in a cross-sectional rectangular shape.

The depth of the groove 5 of the block A and the groove 8 of the block B are the same depth H, and the height (thickness) of the body 7 of the block A and the height (thickness) of the body 10 of the block B are also Same H.
A tool mounting portion 14 for mounting a cutting tool (hereinafter also referred to as a tool) is provided on the side surface of the tool holder 3b. A cutting tool such as a cutting tool or a throw-away tip (not shown) is inserted into the tool mounting portion 14 and then fixed to the tool holder 3b by screwing. In addition, the tool attachment part 14 respond | corresponds to the shape for every tool.

The block A of the holder base 3a and the block B of the tool holder 3b are each provided with a tapered surface 11 for preventing biting and galling.
The taper surface 11 is formed in the width direction of one end edge k of the body portion 10 in contact with the groove bottom surface of the groove groove end portion of the block B of the tool holder 3b and the protrusion portion 6 of the groove groove opening portion of the block A of the holder base 3a. The other edge l in contact with the inner surface, or the other edge j of the body 10 in contact with the groove bottom of the groove B end of the block B of the tool holder 3b and the groove opening of the block A of the holder base 3a. It is provided at one end edge m in contact with the inner surface of the convex portion 6 in the width direction.
Hereinafter, in order to facilitate understanding, one end k of the body portion 10 in contact with the groove bottom surface of the groove groove end portion of the block B and the inner surface in the width direction of the protrusion portion 6 of the groove groove opening portion of the block A are in contact. The case where the taper surface 11 is provided in the other edge l is demonstrated.
The tapered surface 11 of the block B extends from one end of one end k to the other end along one end k, and the other tapered end 11 also extends along the other end l. Extends from one end to the other.
The height H1 of each taper surface 11 in the depth direction of the groove is defined as H (the depth of the groove 5 of the block A, the depth of the block B). The depth of the concave groove 8 is the same as each other), and it is determined so as to satisfy H>H1> H / 2 .
This is to satisfy the following conditions.
(A) The block B is supported at two points when a horizontal force is applied to the block B with the block A and the block B being fitted. This is a condition for reducing the load on the bolt.
(B) The area of each support point should be as large as possible. This is a condition for improving the reliability in (A).
(C) Using the rotation of the block B around the horizontal axis, the concave groove 8 of the block B can be fitted into the concave groove 5 of the block A without squeezing or biting. This is a condition for enabling precise positioning and improving workability.

In order to satisfy such conditions (A), (B), and (C), each part of the blocks A and B may be determined as follows.
FIG. 4 shows the dimensions of each part of the blocks A and B.
The tapered surface 11 is formed at one end edge k of the body portion 10 of the block B and the other end l of the convex portion 6 on the other side of the block A.
A contact point where the taper surface 11 of the block A and the inner side surface of the convex portion 6 on the other side of the block A are in contact is a, and a point where the bottom surface of the body portion of the block A and the inner side surface on the other side of the block A are in contact is c. . Further, b is a contact point between the lower side of the other side surface of the body portion 10 of the block B and the bottom surface of the groove A of the block A, and the height of the projection 6 of the block A in the depth direction of the groove A is H1. The depth of the groove 5 is H,
The height from the groove bottom surface of the body portion 10 of the block B to the contact point a is r, the groove groove bottom surface for forming the taper surface 11 of the block B, and the point on the other side surface of the body portion 10 of the block B. Let them be e and d, respectively. Further, the other point of the tapered surface 11 connected to the contact a of the block A is defined as f.
The height from the bottom of the concave groove of the body portion 10 of the block B to the contact point a is r.
From r cos θ = H / 2,
r = H / (2 cos θ) (1)
It becomes. Further, r> H / 2.
Further, assuming that the length of the side cd when the other side surface of the body portion 10 of the block B is supported by the contact a is S, S = rsin θ. When this is transformed by equation (1), the length S of the side cd is
S = rsinθ
= (H / 2cosθ) · sinθ
= (H · sin θ) / (2 cos θ) (2)
It becomes.
The maximum radius when the block B is rotated about the horizontal axis around the contact point a is r1 connecting the contact point a and a point d on one side of the body 10 of the block B. Here, assuming that the width of the body portion 10 in the width direction of the block B is L, r1 is given by Pythagorean theorem,
(R1) ² = (L) ² + (r) ² (3)
It becomes.
Substituting H / (2 cos θ) of equation (1) into r of equation (3),
(R1) ² = (L) ² + (H / ( ² cos θ)) ² (4)
Therefore, r1 is
r1 = {(L) ² + (H / ( ² cos θ)) ² } ^1/2 (5)
It becomes.
On the other hand, the width B of the tapered surface 11 in the width direction of the block B is given by Expression (3).
B = r1-L (6)
When Expression (6) is transformed according to Expressions (2) and (5), B = {(L) ² + (H / ( ² cos θ)) ² } ^1/2 −L (6)
It becomes.
When the intersection of the inner surface of the convex portion 6 and the top surface is g and the other intersection with the tapered surface 11 on the top surface of the convex portion 6 is f, the length of the side gf is
gf = S
It becomes.
For example, when θ = 13.5 °, L = 85 (mm), and H = 10 (mm),
r = 10 / (2 · cos 13.5)
= 5.02 (mm)
S = (H / 2 cos θ) · sin θ
= (10 · sin13.5) / (2cos13.5)
= 10 x 0.233 / 2 x 1.994
= 0.584 (mm)
It becomes.
Also,
r1 is
r1 = {(L) ² + (H / ( ² cos θ)) ² } ^1/2 (5)
= {85 ² + (10 / (2 × cos 13.5) ² } ^1/2
= 7225 + 26.52
= 85.16
Also,
B = r1-L
= 85.16-85
= 0.16 (mm)
The length of the side gf is
From gf = S to 1.351 (mm).
Therefore, from the bottom surface of the body portion of the block B, to the side de connecting the point of r, ie 5.02 (mm), and the side surface on the other side of the body portion 10 to B, ie, the point of 0.16 (mm). If the taper surface along the taper surface at the H / 2 position is appropriately shifted to the H side, the taper surface 11 without galling can be formed in the block B.

Thus, r from the trunk bottom surface of the block B, that is, a point of H / 2 cos θ, and B from the other side surface of the trunk 10, ie, {(L) ² + (H / ( ² cos θ)) ² } ^The taper surface 11 is formed on the block B along the side de connecting the point of 1 / 2− (H · sin θ) / (2 cos θ), and the top of the convex portion 6 on the other side of the block A is formed on the block A. A side af connecting a point a on the inner surface of the convex portion 6 of H / 2 in the depth direction of the groove from the surface and a point f on the top surface of the convex portion 6 that is S away from the inner surface of the convex portion 6 When the taper surface 11 is formed on the block B along the line A and the block B is rotated around the contact point a, the blocks A and B satisfying the conditions (A), (B) and (C) are obtained. It is done. In this case, since the taper surface 11 of the block A becomes a relief, it is formed with the same dimensions as the taper surface 11 of the block B.

However, in reality, manufacturing tolerances and adhesion of dust can be considered. Therefore, in the case of manufacturing with negative tolerances, there is a possibility that galling or entrapment may occur when dust adheres. As shown in FIG. 5, a sufficient margin can be obtained by slightly shifting the contact point a from H / 2 to the H side (for example, 0.5 mm).
Therefore, the lower limit value H1 of the tapered surface 11 of the blocks A and B is preferably H1> H / 2 in order to cope with the tolerance. Further, the upper limit value H1 of the tapered surface 11 of the blocks A and B is preferably H> H1 in order to satisfy (A).

  If the directionality of the load is taken into account, it is not necessary to equalize the dimensions of each tapered surface 11 in order to satisfy (A) and (B). For example, the depth of the tapered surface 11 on the high load side in the depth direction of the groove is increased so that the depth of the tapered surface 11 in the depth direction of the groove on the side not receiving much load is increased. The depth of the tapered surface 11 in the depth direction of the groove on the low load side may be 2H / 3, and the support area on the high load side may be increased.

  Next, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 4, the holder with the contact point a between the inner side surface of the convex portion 6 on the other side of the block A and the other side surface of the body portion 10 of the block B as a rotation axis around the horizontal axis A fixing method for attaching the tool holder 3b to the base 3a will be described. The holder base 3a is fixed to the tool post 2 with bolts.

First, holding the block B with both hands, the positions of the tapered surfaces 11 of the block A and the block B are confirmed.
Next, the block B is disposed above the block A so that the tapered surface 11 of the block B is disposed on the opposite side of the tapered surface side of the block A across the central portion of the concave groove of the block A.
Next, with the block B tilted so that the convex part 9 on the other side of the block B is on the lower side and the convex part 9 on the one side is on the upper side, the inner side surfaces of both convex parts 9 and 9 of the block B are By disposing the block B on the same surface as the both side surfaces of the body part 7 of the block A and moving the block B to the block A side, both the inner side surfaces of both convex parts 9 and 9 of the block B are respectively connected to the body part of the block A. 7 is engaged with both side surfaces. When both inner side surfaces of both convex portions 9 and 9 of the block B are engaged with both side surfaces of the body portion 7 of the block A, the block B is in a two-surface constrained state with respect to the block A.

Subsequently, the block B is moved to the convex portion 6 side on the other side of the block A using the both side surfaces of the body portion 7 of the block A as guide surfaces in the state where the two surfaces are constrained, and the other side of the body portion 10 of the block B is moved. The side surface is brought into contact with one side where the inner surface of the convex portion 6 on the other side of the block A contacts the tapered surface 11.
In this state, since the lower end of the other side of the cylinder lower surface of the block B is supported lifting the groove bottom surface of the block A, one side around the contact and the inner surface and the tapered surface 11 of the convex portion 6 on the other side of the block A The block B can be rotated. At this time, the taper surface 11 of the block A becomes an escape for making the block B tilted.

Since the tapered surface 11 is formed on the edge k on one side of the body portion 10 of the block B, the side surface of the body portion 10 on the one side of the block B is blocked even if the block B is rotated to the engagement side. There is no contact with the inner surface of the convex portion 6 on one side of A.
Thereby, the trunk | drum 10 of the block B is fitted in the concave groove 5 of the block A without being squeezed in a state where two surfaces are constrained.
When the fitting of the block B is completed, the block B is positioned on the block A in a four-surface constrained state.
Since the clearance between the block A and the block B is in the range of 1/100 to 3/100, the block B is precisely positioned on the block A within the clearance.

  When the positioning is completed, the bolt insertion hole 12 (see FIG. 1) of the tool holder 3b is accurately positioned with respect to the screw hole 13 (see FIG. 1) of the holder base 3a. The tool holder 3b can be fixed to the holder base 3a only by screwing (not shown) into the screw hole 13. Therefore, it can contribute to shortening of working time.

  In addition, what is necessary is just to reverse the procedure at the time of engagement when removing the tool holder 3b from the holder base 3a. Thereby, the tool holder 3b can be removed from the holder base 3a without causing galling.

As described above, in the two-member fitting fixing structure according to the present embodiment, the block B is not constrained on a four-sided basis from the start to the end of engagement, but is in a four-sided constrained state after the two-sided constraining. Therefore, the workability when positioning the tool holder 3b can be dramatically improved. Further, since no biting or galling occurs, the working time can be greatly shortened, and it is possible to sufficiently cope with the complicated request for replacement of the tool holder 3b.
Further, the depth of the concave groove 5 of the block A and the depth of the concave groove 8 of the block B are made the same, and the height H1 of the tapered surface 11 in the concave groove depth direction is 1 / of the depth H of the concave groove 5 of the block A. Even if 2 is exceeded, since the block B is supported at two points, an excessive load does not act on the bolt. Thereby, it is not necessary to change the size of the bolt, the bolt insertion hole 12, and the screw hole 13. Further, assuming that the height H1 of the tapered surface 11 in the depth direction of the concave groove exceeds 1/2 of the depth H of the concave groove 5 of the block A, the contact area between the block A and the block B is maximum. Therefore, reliability is greatly improved.

  Next, another method for fixing the tool holder 3b using the rotation of the block B around the horizontal axis will be described with reference to FIG. In this method, the block B is rotated by dropping using the tapered surface 11 of the block B, the groove 8 of the block B is positioned in the groove 5 of the block A, and then the tool holder 3b is attached to the holder base 3a with a bolt. Fix it. The holder base 3a is fixed to the tool post 2 with bolts.

First, as a preparation stage, as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3B, the body portion 10 of the block B of the tool holder 3b is placed on the upper end surface of the convex portion 6 on one side of the block A of the holder base 3a. Both inner side surfaces of the convex portions 9 and 9 of the block B are fitted to both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the convex portion 6 on one side of the block A. Thereafter, the tool holder 3b is moved from one side to the other side using both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the convex portion 6 as guide surfaces. The tool holder 3b is moved starting from the side without the tapered surface 11.

When the tool holder 3b is moved, the center of gravity of the tool holder 3b moves from the right side to the left side in the drawing. Thereby, the tool holder 3b rotates counterclockwise in the drawing for each block B, and the other end edge j of the body portion 10 of the block B contacting the groove bottom surface of the groove A end of the block A is the other side of the block A. It is supported on the bottom of the concave groove on the side. As a result, the block B inclines to the left in the figure, and both inner side surfaces of the convex portions 9 and 9 of the block B engage with both side surfaces of the body portion 7 of the block A.

  In this state, the block B is in a two-surface constrained state by both side surfaces of the body portion 7 of the block A, and is prevented from rotating in the left-right direction. Thereby, it is not necessary to guide the tool holder 3b by hand, and the block B can be moved from one side of the block A to the other side only by an operation of pushing by hand.

When the block B is moved from the one convex part 6 side of the block A to the other convex part 6 side, it will be in the state shown to FIG.3 (c), (d).
In this state, the taper surface 11 of the block B moves on the inner edge of one convex portion 6 of the block A and is supported by this edge.
When the block B is further moved from this position to the other side, the other side of the block B descends to the upper surface (groove bottom surface) side of the body portion 7 which is the end of the concave groove 5 of the block A according to the angle of the tapered surface 11. The other edge j of the body portion 7 of the block B approaches the inner surface in the width direction of the other convex portion 9 of the block A.

And if the taper surface 11 leaves | separates the edge of the convex part 6 of one side, it will lose support by an edge and will descend | fall by own weight. At this time, the edge j on the other side of the body portion 10 opposite to the tapered surface 11 side of the block B moves to a position where the clearance with the inner surface in the width direction of the other convex portion 6 of the block A is minimized. To do. Thereby, the tool holder 3b rotates clockwise in the figure. At this time, the taper surface 11 of the block A escapes the body portion 10 of the block B and prevents interference. Thereafter, when the groove bottom surface of the block B becomes parallel to the groove bottom surface of the block A, the tool holder 3b is lowered in the gravity direction by its own weight. As a result, the bottom surface of the groove B of the block B is seated on the bottom surface of the groove A of the block A. In this state, the entire inner surface in the width direction of the convex portion 9 of the block B is engaged with the entire opposite side surfaces of the trunk portion 7 of the block A, and the entire opposite side surfaces of the trunk portion 10 of the block B are the convex portions of the block A. Engages the entire inner surface of 6,6 . Therefore, the block B is in a positioning end state in which the block A is constrained by the four surfaces.

After completion of positioning, a bolt is passed through the bolt insertion hole 12 of the block B, and this is screwed into the block A or a screw hole 13 of a flange provided so as to be connected thereto.
Since the holder base 3a is much lighter than the conventional tool holder and easy to handle, the working time can be shortened in this respect as well. Further, the concave grooves 5 of the block A are open upward and on both sides, and can be cleaned by blowing air or wiping with a waste cloth. This also has an advantage of preventing biting and galling.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (e), one end edge k in contact with the groove bottom surface (groove bottom surface) of the groove end of the groove 8 of the block B or a taper surface serving as a guide surface at the other edge j. 11 and a tapered surface 11 serving as a flank is provided on one end edge m or the other end edge l in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the convex portion 6 of the concave groove opening of the block A, the tapered surface It cannot be engaged from the side opposite to the 11 side. Since the directionality is set in this way, an attachment error is prevented, and an unexpected situation can be prevented in advance.

Next, for comparison with the two-member fixing structure according to the present invention, a fixing method when the tapered surface 11 is not provided will be described.
When the block A and the block B are not provided with the tapered surface 11, first, the block B is held with both hands, and the bottom surface of the groove B and the bottom surface of the groove A are opposed to each other at a twisted position. Next, while moving the block B, both side surfaces in the thickness direction of the body portion 7 of the block B and both inner side surfaces in the width direction of the convex portions 6 and 6 of the block A are arranged on the same plane. Each inner side surface of the convex portion 9 and each side surface of the body portion 7 of the block A are arranged on the same plane. When they are in the same plane, both side surfaces of the body portion 10 of the block B and the inner surface of the convex portion 6 of the block A guide the inner surface of the convex portion 6 of the block A and both side surfaces of the body portion 10 of the block B, respectively. Although it is possible to simultaneously fit as surfaces, it is easy to cause galling when the surfaces are simultaneously fitted. In this case, between both side surfaces in the thickness direction of the body portion 10 of the block B and both inner side surfaces in the width direction of the convex portions 6 and 6 of the block A, and inner side surfaces of the convex portions 9 and 9 of the block B, When the clearance between the side surfaces of the body portion 7 of the block A is increased to create play, it becomes difficult for biting and galling to occur. However, precise positioning with a tolerance of fitting between the groove A of the block A and the groove 8 of the block B being 1/100 to 3/100 cannot be performed, and the total load acts on the bolt, so that the reliability is high. There is a problem of lowering.
As another structure for fixing the tool holder 3b to the holder base 3a, a structure in which the block A and the block B are fitted in a slide shape is assumed. However, even in this case, galling is likely to occur when the slide surfaces are fitted to each other. Also, when the slide structure is used, when both are fixed with bolts, the bolts are fastened while visually confirming the alignment between the bolt insertion holes and the screw holes, which takes time. There is a problem.

<Effect of Embodiment>
According to the present embodiment, the tool holder can be attached and detached in a shorter time than before, and it is possible to sufficiently cope with complicated replacement. In particular, when the two-member fixing structure according to the present invention is applied to a tool holder of a machine tool, the tool holder can be replaced in a short time, so the waiting time until the resumption of machining is greatly shortened and productivity is improved. To do. In addition, since the holder base is fixed to the tool post and the opening of the tool post is closed, it is possible to prevent chips from entering the machine and to prevent malfunction of the turret lathe caused by chips. Can do. In addition, when the tool holder is fixed to the holder base, the horizontal force generated during cutting is supported by shear, and the body portion receives a sliding force urged from the convex portion by compression. The strength does not decrease.

In the present embodiment, one edge m that contacts the groove bottom surface of the groove B end of the block B and the other edge j that contacts the inner surface in the width direction of the protrusion 6 of the groove opening of the block A. In the above description, the tapered surface 11 is provided. However, the other edge j of the body portion 10 in contact with the groove bottom surface of the groove groove end portion of the block B and the convex portion 6 of the groove groove opening portion of the block A of the holder base 3a. Even when the tapered surface 11 is provided on the one edge l in contact with the inner surface in the width direction, the same operation and effect can be obtained by determining the dimensions of each part as described with reference to FIG.
In addition, when a communication hole (such as a screw hole or a hole for inserting a rotating shaft) connected to the opening on the turret side is provided in the holder base 3a and the communication hole is closed by a lid screwed into the holder base 3a, rotational cutting is performed. A tool shall be included in the cutting tool demonstrated in this Embodiment.
In the present embodiment, after the first positioning step , if the second positioning step is performed to prevent the biting between the block B and the block A in the second positioning step, a good fit without biting or biting can be achieved. Although it has been described that a match can be obtained, it is preferable that the fitting without causing a sticking is performed not only in the second positioning step but also in the first positioning step.
That is, not only the tapered surface 11 is provided on the block A and the block B as described above but also one end in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of one convex portion of the concave groove opening of the block A in the thickness direction of the block A. One end edge (FIG. 1, y1) of the body part contacting the edge (FIG. 1, x1) and the groove bottom surface of the groove groove end of block B, or the groove groove opening of block A in the thickness direction of block A The other edge (FIG. 1, x2) in contact with the inner surface in the width direction of the other convex portion and the other edge (FIG. 1, y2) of the body portion in contact with the groove bottom surface of the groove end of the block B A tapered surface may be added to each of the tapered surfaces 11 in the same manner.

  The fitting fixing structure and fixing method between two members according to the present invention can be applied to various fields such as connection between rotating shafts, connection between fixed shafts, connection between hardwares, connection between hardware and shafts, and the like. it can.

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a turret and a tool holder of a turret lathe according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is explanatory drawing of the tool holder which concerns on one embodiment of this invention and respond | corresponds to the abbcd cut surface of FIG. 1, and an efgh cut surface. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of the fixing method at the time of attaching a tool holder to a holder base concerning one embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the relationship of the dimension of block A and B concerning one embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

3a Holder base (base member)
3b Tool holder (fixed member)
A block 5 concave groove 6 convex portion 7 trunk portion 8 concave groove 9 convex portion 10 trunk portion j one edge k the other edge l one edge m the other edge

Claims (5)

A base member fixed to the mounted portion; and a fixed member fixed to the base member;
The base member includes a rectangular parallelepiped block A,
The block A has a concave groove formed on the upper surface of the block A in the thickness direction of the block A, a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove, and a trunk portion.
The fixed member includes a rectangular parallelepiped block B,
Block B has the same thickness as the width of the groove of the block A, have a width greater than the thickness of the concave groove is formed in the thickness direction of the block to the lower surface of 該Bu lock B, a biconvex portion of the block A A concave groove that engages and fits perpendicularly to the concave groove of the block A, a convex portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove, and a trunk portion;
Tapered surfaces are respectively formed on one end edge in contact with the groove bottom surface of the body of block B and the other edge in contact with the inner surface of the groove in the protrusion of block A. The concave groove engages with the concave groove of the block A, and the other side surface of the block B where the tapered surface is not formed is the inner side of the convex portion of the block A where the tapered surface is formed. In a state where the side surface is in contact with one side where the tapered surface of the block A is in contact, the side surface is formed as a flank that allows rotation of the block B around the rotation axis ,
The depth of the groove of the block B is set to the same depth as the groove of the block A,
The height H1 of the tapered surface of the block A and the block B in the depth direction of the groove is determined so as to satisfy the relationship of H>H1> H / 2 , where H is the depth of the groove of the blocks A and B.
The fixed member is constrained on both inner side surfaces in the thickness direction of the block B on both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block A, and on both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the body portion of the block A. The both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block B are fixed to the attached portion with bolts in a fitted state between the concave grooves constrained by two surfaces.
Two-member fixed structure. Further, a taper surface is formed on one end edge in contact with the bottom surface of the groove A of the block A and on the other end edge in contact with the inner surface of the groove in the convex portion of the block B. Is engaged with the concave groove of the block A, and the other side surface of the body portion of the block A where the tapered surface is not formed is the inner side surface of the convex portion of the other side where the tapered surface of the block B is formed. In a state where the taper surface of the block B is in contact with one side that is in contact with the block B, the block B is formed to be a flank that allows the block B to rotate with the one side as a rotation axis.
The two-member fixing structure according to claim 1. A holder base fixed to the tool post of the machine tool, and a tool holder fixed to the holder base,
The holder base includes a rectangular parallelepiped block A,
The block A has a concave groove formed in the thickness direction of the block A on the upper surface of the block A, and convex portions and a trunk portion formed on both sides of the concave groove by the formation of the concave groove,
The tool holder includes a rectangular parallelepiped block B,
The block B has the same thickness as the width of the groove of the block A, a width larger than the thickness of the groove,
The block B is formed on the lower surface of the block B in the thickness direction of the block, and engages with both convex portions of the block A and engages perpendicularly to the concave grooves of the block A, and the formation of the concave grooves. It has a convex part formed on both sides of the concave groove, and a trunk part,
Each other edge in contact with the recessed groove side surface of the convex portion of the one edge and the block A in contact with the groove bottom surface of the body portion of the block B is a tapered surface is formed, these tapered surfaces, the block B The other side surface of the body of the block B where the tapered surface is not formed is the other side surface of the block A where the tapered surface is formed. In a state in which the inner surface is in contact with one side where the taper surface of the block A is in contact, it is formed to be a flank that allows rotation of the block B with the one side as a rotation axis ,
The depth of the groove of the block B is set to the same depth as the groove of the block A,
The height H1 of the tapered surface of the block A and the block B in the depth direction of the groove is determined to satisfy the relationship of H>H1> H / 2 , where H is the depth of the groove of the blocks A and B.
The tool holder is constrained on both side surfaces in the thickness direction of the block B on both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of the block A, and blocks on both end surfaces in the thickness direction of the body portion of the block A. A tool holder for a machine tool, which is fixed to the holder base with a bolt in a fitted state of the concave grooves in which both inner side surfaces in the width direction of both convex portions of B are constrained to two surfaces.   The tool holder for a machine tool according to claim 3, wherein the tool held by the tool holder is a cutting tool excluding a rotary cutting tool. Further, a taper surface is formed on one end edge in contact with the bottom surface of the groove A of the block A and on the other end edge in contact with the inner surface of the groove in the convex portion of the block B. Is engaged with the concave groove of the block A, and the other side surface of the body portion of the block A where the tapered surface is not formed is the inner side surface of the convex portion of the other side where the tapered surface of the block B is formed. In a state where the taper surface of the block B is in contact with one side that is in contact with the block B, the block B is formed to be a flank that allows the block B to rotate with the one side as a rotation axis.
A tool holder for a machine tool according to claim 3 or 4.

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