Classifications

• • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
  • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
  • B01D—SEPARATION
  • B01D19/00—Degasification of liquids
  • B01D19/02—Foam dispersion or prevention
  • B01D19/04—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances
  • B01D19/0404—Foam dispersion or prevention by addition of chemical substances characterised by the nature of the chemical substance
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
  • C09D5/02—Emulsion paints including aerosols
  • C09D5/024—Emulsion paints including aerosols characterised by the additives
• • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
  • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
  • C09D7/00—Features of coating compositions, not provided for in group C09D5/00; Processes for incorporating ingredients in coating compositions
  • C09D7/20—Diluents or solvents

Definitions

• the invention relates generally to defoaming coalescents, and more particularly, to defoaming coalescents for water-based compositions.
• Mineral oils are conventionally used as carrier fluids in defoaming compositions. Many common defoamers contain 60%-95% mineral oil. Mineral oils are presently undesirable because they are derived from fossil fuels, and portions of the oils are volatile organic compounds (VOCs), which contribute to fogging on interior windows upon the application of interior paints containing the defoamers.
• VOCs volatile organic compounds
• a defoaming coalescent for a water-based composition includes (a) a coalescent carrier; and (b) one or more defoamer-active components.
• a method for making a defoaming coalescent includes the steps of: (a) providing a coalescent carrier; (b) providing one or more defoamer-active components; and (c) combining (a) and (b).
• a water-based composition includes: (a) a polymer latex or a polymer dispersion; and (b) a defoaming coalescent, which includes: (i) a coalescent carrier; and (ii) one or more defoamer-active components.
• a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to the expressly listed elements, but may include other elements inherent, or not expressly listed, to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
• the term “or” refers to an inclusive “or” and not to an exclusive “or”.
• the condition A "or” B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (included) and B is false (omitted); A is false (omitted) and B is true (included); and both A and B are true (both included).
• the term "coalescent(s)” means slow-evaporating or non- evaporating solvents that fuse latex particles into a continuous film by themselves, or, when in a coating formulation, under ambient conditions, fuse latex particles into a continuous film.
• defoaming means the reduction of foam in an aqueous medium.
• the defoaming coalescents according to the invention improve the film formation properties of latex-based formulations.
• the coalescent carrier provides coalescing properties, but contributes very small amounts or does not contribute at all to VOCs, as determined by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and/or European Union (EU) regulations.
• EPA Environmental Protection Agency
• EU European Union
• the defoaming coalescents according to the invention provide coalescing and defoaming properties when added to a water-based composition, including latex paints, printing inks, adhesives, and binders for non-woven materials.
• a coalescent carrier according to an aspect of the invention provides a suitable partial or complete substitute for mineral oil and other VOC-based carriers, which is a benefit for the environment.
• the defoaming coalescents according to an aspect of the invention are advantageously based on fats and oils from renewable resources.
• the coalescent carriers include, but are not limited to, fatty acid esters, for example, a monoester derived from a long-chain fatty acid of a Cis fatty acid, propylene glycol monoesters, and fatty acid methyl esters, which are suitable for replacing petroleum-based coalescents which contribute to VOCs.
• the coalescent carriers may be petrochemical-based, and may be selected from the group consisting of a petrochemical-based ether, a petrochemical-based ether ester, a petrochemical-based ester, and mixtures thereof.
• the petrochemical-based coalescent carrier may be selected from the group consisting of glycol ethers, glycol ether esters, benzoate esters, butyrate esters, and mixtures thereof.
• Suitable carriers include, for example, LOXANOL® EFC 100, which has less than 1% VOC, LOXANOL® EFC 200, which has less than 2% VOC (based on EPA Method 24), and LOXANOL® EFC 300, which is a zero-VOC coalescent, according to 1999/13/EU or 2004/42/EU.
• LOXANOL® EFC 100 is a high-purity propylene glycol monooleate
• LOXANOL® EFC 200 is a high- purity propylene glycol monoester of Ci 8 fatty acids
• LOXANOL® EFC 300 is a linear fatty acid ester, all of which are available from Cognis Corporation.
• Suitable carriers include, but are not limited to, TEXAPRINT SJEH, a soybean fatty acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, TEXAPRINT SKEH, a coconut fatty acid 2-ethylhexyl ester, TEXAPRINT SLIP, a lauric fatty acid isopropyl ester, and EDENOR® ME 12-18, a palm kernel oil fatty acid methyl ester, all of which are available from Cognis Corporation.
• the hydrophobic defoamer-active components include, but are not limited to, hydrophobized silica, polyethylene waxes, polyamide waxes, silicone oils, modified silicone oils, and mixtures thereof.
• the defoamer-active components include branched and/or block copolymers as described in U.S. Patent Nos. 6,583,185, 6,465,605, 6,350,787, 5,895,605, 5,877,245 and 5,827,453, the entire disclosures of which are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
• the defoaming coalescents according to an aspect of the invention may contain auxiliaries and additives.
• surfactants and emulsifiers may be included according to an aspect of the invention, to yield easy-to-disperse defoaming coalescents.
• Other conventional additives that do not materially affect the basic characteristics and efficacy of the composition may also be present.
• a viscosity modifier may be added to reduce settling tendencies of the defoamer-active components.
• defoaming coalescents according to an aspect of the invention may be present in latex paints in amounts of from about 0.01% to about 10% by weight of the water-based composition.
• the following formulations, A to D were prepared by first making the corresponding intermediates by heating the first part of the carrier fluid (57.33 parts) with a first part of hydrophobized silica (10.69 parts) into a stainless steel vessel and mixing until uniform.
• the intermediate mixtures were homogenized at 2000 psi using APV Homogenizer Model 1000-2 stage, available from Siebe Group.
• the final formulations from the intermediates were prepared by heating 68.02 parts of the intermediate with 30.98 parts of the corresponding carrier to 60 0 C, adding 1 part of the corresponding silica, and homogenizing at 2500 psi.
• the particle size distributions were checked for each to ascertain the samples to be comparable.
• the mineral oil used was Tufflo Naphthenic Process Oil, available from Citgo Petroleum Corporation.
• SIPERNAT® D10 is hydrophobized silica, available from Evonik Industries, and ZEOFLO® TL is hydrophobized silica, available from Huber Engineered Products.
• the above formulations, A to D, were added in an amount of 0.5% by weight of a semi-gloss latex indoor house paint formulation.
• the composition of the paint is indicated below. The results are indicated in Table 1.
• % Air refers to the amount of entrained air after five minutes, which was determined by using a
• Red Devil Shaker (1.0-[shaken density/unshaken density]) x 100.
• BB Time refers to the time (in seconds) within which all bubbles break (BB) after rolling onto a sealed paper with a 3/8" nap paint roller (it should be understood that any time less than 300 seconds is acceptable).
• Compatibility refers to the defects present in a 3 mil drawdown after drying (due to defoamer incompatibility).
• Gloss refers to the light reflectance of the dry film at the specified angles, as measured by a Byk-Gardner "micro-TRI-gloss" meter.
• D provide significant reduction in the percentage of entrained air when compared to defoamer-free paint and essentially the same level of defoaming performance as the mineral oil-based defoamers (A and B).
• the gloss at a 20° angle, and at a 60° angle is improved for paints with defoaming coalescents, when compared to those with conventional mineral oil-based defoamers.
• TEXANOL is an ester alcohol (2,2,4-trimethyl-1 ,3-pentandiol monoisobutyrate), available from
• Control 84.5% Naphthenic Mineral oil, 7.5% SIPERNAT® D 17 (hydrophobic silica), 5% of a viscosity improver (a methacrylic polymer conventionally used in oil-based systems), and 3% of an emulsifier (PEG 600 Dioleate) as a comparative example.
• Table 3 a commercially-available naphthenic mineral-oil based standard defoamer was used as a control. It should be understood that as density increases, the amount of foam present in the formulation decreases. Compared to the commercially-available standard, the defoaming coalescents according to the invention demonstrated a comparable density, and in many cases, significantly improved density characteristics. In addition, Table 3 illustrates that the defoaming coalescents according to an aspect of the invention have similar compatibility to the mineral oil standard, and also exhibit comparable, and in many cases, improved appearance upon application with a sponge roller.

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• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
• Materials Engineering (AREA)
• Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
• Organic Chemistry (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
• Paints Or Removers (AREA)
• Degasification And Air Bubble Elimination (AREA)

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Cited By (6)

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• 2009
  • 2009-02-18 EP EP09715795A patent/EP2247357A1/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-02-18 WO PCT/EP2009/001123 patent/WO2009106252A1/en not_active Ceased
  • 2009-02-18 US US12/919,243 patent/US8536257B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
  • 2009-02-18 JP JP2010547996A patent/JP2011514249A/ja active Pending

Patent Citations (3)

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