Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
  • G02B13/14—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for use with infrared or ultraviolet radiation
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B13/00—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below
  • G02B13/16—Optical objectives specially designed for the purposes specified below for use in conjunction with image converters or intensifiers, or for use with projectors, e.g. objectives for projection TV
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B17/00—Systems with reflecting surfaces, with or without refracting elements
  • G02B17/08—Catadioptric systems
  • G02B17/0852—Catadioptric systems having a field corrector only
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
  • G02B27/017—Head mounted
  • G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
  • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
  • G02B2027/0138—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising image capture systems, e.g. camera
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
  • G02B5/04—Prisms
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings

Definitions

• Some embodiments disclosed herein relate to optical systems and elements, and in particular to a system having significant infrared properties and a folded optical path, forming night vision glasses that provide the wearer with an intensified image of the real world.
• Fig. 1 is a front view of a pair of night vision glasses according to one embodiment.
• Fig. 2 is a front view of the optical arrangement according to the embodiment of Fig. 1.
• Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the optical system in the embodiment of Fig. 1, unfolded at two planar fold mirrors and at two fold prisms for clarity.
• Fig. 4 is a top view of optical arrangement of the embodiment of Fig. 1.
• Fig. 5 is a rear view of optical arrangement in the embodiment of Fig. 1.
• one form of the system disclosed herein is a pair of glasses that includes night vision technology to provide an intensified image to the wearer.
• Various embodiments are mounted on eyeglasses or other eyewear, and are balanced and light enough to stay on the user's face.
• Other forms include wrap-around glasses, helmet-based forms, mirror-based forms, and other embodiments that will occur to those skilled in the art in view of this disclosure.
• visor will be used to refer to the object that is within the view of the wearer, and off which the generated image(s) reflect(s), though that object might just as well be a lens, mirror, or other (at least partially reflective) object, whether or not the word “visor” would typically be used to describe it.
• night vision glasses 100 comprise a frame 110, stems 120, an optical module 140, and a visor 130 as are customary or desirable.
• Optical module 140 converts received low light level energy into visible light that is seen by the wearer as an enhanced image reflected off the surface of the visor 130.
• optical module 140 comprises an objective lens subsystem 501, an image intensifier 152, and an eyepiece lens subsystem 601.
• the objective lens subsystem 501 comprises doublet 142, fold prism 144, singlet or doublet 146, fold prism 148, and field flattener lens 150; whereas the eyepiece lens subsystem 601 comprises flat mirror 162, lens 154, curved mirror 156, lens 158, flat mirror 164, and lens 160.
• optical module 140 contains a total of five optical folds: two in the objective lens subsystem 501 and three in the eyepiece lens subsystem 601. In addition to the folds in the optical module, one additional fold is provided by visor 130 resulting in a total of six folds. These six folds are even in number and, therefore, maintain the correct handedness (reversion) of the image with respect to the real world.
• the image intensifier 152 is made with a simple glass window output and, therefore, the image seen through objective lens subsystem 501 and eyepiece lens subsystem 601 would not be properly oriented due to the normal image rotation of the objective lens subsystem. To correct this, two modified Amici, or "roof,” prisms 144 and 148 are utilized to rotate the objective image back by 180 degrees and provide proper orientation as seen by the eye.
• a doublet 142 receives light from in front of the wearer.
• the light passes through fold prism 144, a singlet or doublet 146, and another fold prism 148 onto a field-flattening lens 150 and into the cathode (input) window of image intensifier 152.
• prism 144 and prism 148 are modified Amici, or "roof," prisms and, in combination with the doublet 142, singlet or doublet 146, and field flattener 150, focus an image on the image intensifier 152 with the correct position and orientation.
• the image intensifier 152 has a 12-13 mm diameter image format with a thin glass, second generation (multi-alkali) cathode window and a thin glass output window.
• the fiber optic twister that is used for the output window in certain existing night vision devices adds considerable size and expense, but is not needed in the present embodiment because of the inversions achieved by the Amici prisms (or reflectors).
• Other types of image intensifiers might be selected for different variations on size, weight, cost, commercialization potential, power consumption, and daylight protection.
• glass-type output (anode) windows offer substantially higher transmission of light from the phosphor than military-type fiber-optics-based windows.
• the higher transmission from the glass-type output window offsets some of the losses inherent with the use of smaller aperture objective lens and the lower gain of the second-generation image intensifier.
• the image produced by the image intensifier 152 passes through lens 154, a thin, plastic, meniscus-type "corrector" lens, both before and after it is reflected off a curved (e.g., spherical, aspheric, hyperbolic, elliptical, parabolic, or toroid-shape) mirror 156.
• the combination of the mirror 156 and lens 154 corrects for astigmatism and distortion that is produced by the tilted spherical visor/reflector 130.
• the mirror 156 in this embodiment is preferably a spherical front surface mirror, but can also be a rear surface mirror so as to act as a Margin mirror. It can be made of any suitable material, even plastic.
• Lens 158 in this embodiment is matched with lenses 160 and 154 to place and collimate the intensified image at the pupil 131 of the user's eye.
• Lenses 160, 158, and 154 are plastic lenses in this embodiment, and an intermediate image appears between lens 160 and lens 158.
• the various lenses and mirrors of the system can be made of glass, plastic, or any other suitable material. Employing a combination of different plastics for the various lenses and mirrors provides good achromatization of the system, reducing the need for bulkier, heavier glass-type achromats. Note that, for clarity, the folds produced by planar mirrors 162 and 164 have been removed from the schematic view shown in Fig. 3.
• the image reflects off the visor 130 of the night vision glasses 100 and to the pupil 131 of the observer.
• Visor 130 in this embodiment is spherical, though in other embodiments it can be aspheric, parabolic, or toroidal in shape, or still another shape as will occur to those skilled in the art.
• visor 130 in this embodiment normally has uniform reflectivity, partial reflectivity, or reflectivity that varies vertically as in the lenses of some conventional sunglasses. The design with a spherical visor is more flexible and less sensitive to minor variations in manufacturing than certain other designs.
• Lenses 154 and 160 are preferably made of a light plastic material, such as acrylic or polycarbonate, though other lens materials can be used as will occur to those skilled in the art.
• mirror 156 may be spherical, aspheric, parabolic, toroidal, or another shape to form a suitable combination with lens 154 and the rest of the system.
• mirror 156 is made of plastic, glass, metal, or other materials as will appear to those skilled in the art.
• Mirrors 156, 162, and 164 may even be made using a replication process.
• Lens 158 is preferably a polystyrene or polycarbonate type of plastic. Some of these plastic materials are made/distributed by companies such as General Electric. Other lenses may be used in other embodiments, as will occur to those skilled in the art.
• Visor 130 is also preferably plastic and in various embodiments is tinted, untinted, treated with variable and/or light-sensitive dynamic tinting, or coated with a thin film reflection coating on one side. This thin film could be applied to a whole side, or to just a patch.
• the visor is preferably made of polycarbonate plastic or another shatterproof material for improved eye safety, and is attached to the frame 110 using any of a variety of means that will occur to those skilled in the art.
• Fig. 4 shows a top view of the optical arrangement of night vision glasses 100 in one embodiment of an optical system for projecting an intensified image onto the right side of the glasses as viewed from the rear, while Fig. 5 shows a rear view of the same embodiment. The various optical folds throughout the optical system achieve improved spatial compactness.
• this embodiment includes planar folding mirrors 162 and 164, curved mirror 156, and fold prisms 144 and 148.
• the intensified image reflects off region 166 of visor 130 to a pupil 131 of a user.
• Fig. 1 includes an image intensifying system that uses an objective lens subsystem 501 that employs two Amici prisms or mirrors, an image intensifier that utilizes a simple glass output window instead of a fiber optic window, and an eyepiece lens subsystem 601 that, combined with the visor 130, projects the intensified image to the user's eye as described in U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/036,281 and U.S. Patent Application No. 12/404,087.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
• Toxicology (AREA)
• Telescopes (AREA)
• Lenses (AREA)
• Eyeglasses (AREA)

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Related Child Applications (1)

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Cited By (2)

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• 2009
  • 2009-05-18 KR KR1020107028341A patent/KR101629692B1/ko active Active
  • 2009-05-18 WO PCT/US2009/044413 patent/WO2009105791A2/en not_active Ceased
  • 2009-05-18 EP EP09704938A patent/EP2106252A4/en not_active Withdrawn
  • 2009-05-18 JP JP2011509797A patent/JP2011524020A/ja active Pending
  • 2009-07-03 US US12/497,645 patent/US7755831B2/en active Active
• 2010
  • 2010-07-12 US US12/834,325 patent/US8830569B2/en active Active
  • 2010-11-16 IL IL209341A patent/IL209341A/en active IP Right Grant

Non-Patent Citations (1)

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