WO2009105051A1 - Method for preparation of hard hydrosilicate gel - Google Patents
Method for preparation of hard hydrosilicate gel Download PDFInfo
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- WO2009105051A1 WO2009105051A1 PCT/UA2008/000017 UA2008000017W WO2009105051A1 WO 2009105051 A1 WO2009105051 A1 WO 2009105051A1 UA 2008000017 W UA2008000017 W UA 2008000017W WO 2009105051 A1 WO2009105051 A1 WO 2009105051A1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B33/00—Silicon; Compounds thereof
- C01B33/20—Silicates
- C01B33/32—Alkali metal silicates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
- C04B28/182—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type based on calcium silicate forming mixtures not containing lime or lime producing ingredients, e.g. waterglass based mixtures heated with a calcium salt
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K21/00—Fireproofing materials
- C09K21/02—Inorganic materials
Abstract
Method for preparation of hard Hydrosilicate gel includes crushing of porous siliceous raw containing no less than70% per weight of amorphous SiO2 up to its conversion into siliceous «sand»; batching of this «sand» and dry granular caustic alkali; charging of two above-mentioned reagents into a functioning process vessel equipped with a mixer and mixing of theirs accompanied with self-heating of reacting mass until heated viscous intermediate product would be obtained; discharging of said heated viscous intermediate product into containers; and ripening of the intermediate product in said containers accompanied with gradual natural cooling up to temperature near to environment temperature until mature hard hydrosilicate gel would be obtained.
Description
METHOD FOR PREPARATION OF HARD HYDROSILICATE GEL
Field of the Invention
The invention relates to the method for preparation of hard compound commixtures of alkaline metals' hydrosilicates This method based on treatment of suitable raw contained amorphous silicon dioxide with caustic alkali Above-mentioned gels can be used a) as mineral glues or organic-mineral glues' ingredients which are meant for production of various practically fire-resistant composites (when any said gel would be crushed and diluted with water up to necessary viscosity), b) as low-density products such as filling heat-insulated materials, substrate of artificial soils for plant cultuπng, and high-porous fillers of light-weight concretes (when any said gel would be granulated and then dried, heated and expanded into relatively large granules), c) as agents for acceleration of concrete mixes' setting, as a basis of fireproof coatings on buildings' and engineering structures' elements, and as fillers of polymeric composites (when above-mentioned granulated gel would be milled into fine powder having average particle size in the range from 20 to 100 micrometers)
Background Art
Gel-like hydrosilicate materials are known for a long time Therefore, information about such materials and standard methods for their preparation are included into handbooks
In fact, it is well known «lιquιd glass» (see KPATKAH XHMMMECKAH 3HUKκjioπE,qκfl - M M3AaτejibcτBθ "CθBβτcκan 3HMMκnoπeAMfl", τ 4, 1965, c 1037-1038, in English BRIEF CHEMICAL ENCYCLOPAEDIA, Moscow, Publishing House "Soviet Encyclopaedia", Volume 4, 1965, columns 1037-1038)
Its basis is represented by a hard "soluble glass" which is a commixture of alkaline metals' hydrosilicates of general formula R2O-TnSiO2, where R2O is sodium and/or potassium oxide, and silica ratio (ι e the number m) is usually of 2 0 to 4 5
Any hard soluble glass can be obtained usually by melting of a mix of quartz sand based on crystalline SiO2 and soda or sodium sulphate at temperature in the range 1100-14000C The melting transforms said SiO2 into amorphous state that fixes as a result of formation of said hydrosilicates A product has the appearance of lumps (if the melt was cooled on the whole), or granulated material (if the melt was cooled quickly by flowing water and cracked) Liquid glass can be obtained by crushing the hard soluble glass and its mixing with water
It is clear that high-temperature process of the hard soluble glass production is unprofitable due to gross energy expences
Therefore, the liquid glass is produced more often using a raw based on amorphous SiO2 Autoclave treatment of such raw by caustic soda at temperature about 2000C allows obtaining a sodium hydrosilicates' colloidal solution immediately (see above-mentioned entry in
«BRIEF CHEMICAL ENCYCLOPAEDIA)))
This low-temperature «wet» process for direct preparation of the liquid glass is substantially more profitable in respect of energy expences and the target product price Unfortunately, solubility of alkaline metals' hydrosilicates in water decreases if used raw
that contains along with amorphous SiO2 impurities of other metals' oxides, for example, 1.0- 1.35% AI2O3^Fe2O3 and 0.4-0.6% CaO. (KyκoπeB f.B. «XMMMH KpewiHna M φM3MHecκaa XMMMH CMnMκaτoB». - M.: M3flaτenbCTBθ «BbicιuaH ujκoπa», 1966, c.164; Kukolev G.V. " Chemistry of Silicon and Physical Chemistry of silicates", Moscow, Publishing House "Higher School", 1966, p.164).
Alack, only rare occurrences of such high-grade siliceous raw, which contains more than 98.0% amorphous SiO2, may be base for «wet» production of the traditional liquid glass.
Moreover, composites based on said liquid glass are unstable both under action of humidity (because they are hygroscopic) and under action of dry gaseous medium (because they are capable to splitting even in the presence of reinforcing elements).
Further, based on said liquid glass cement mortars, which are commonly used in city services for plugging-back of breaks of water pipes and backfill of scours, have extremely short life cycle (as a rule, a few minutes).
And, finally, the water containing in said liquid glass is disperse medium only, which would be easy removed from this glass at the drying's time. Thus, this water does not increase fire resistance of any article glued by the traditional liquid glass.
Therefore, development of simple and efficient methods for preparation more perfect hydrosilicate gels on basis of low-grade siliceous raw containing amorphous SiO2 is actual problem until now. A number approaches for its solution is known already.
So, UA Patent 3802 discloses a method for production of a hydrosilicate gel by - crushing of a siliceous raw containing no less than 85% amorphous SiO2 into small- grained mass, and treatment of this mass with liquid caustic soda in saturated water vapour medium at temperature 80-1000C during 20-60 minutes.
The product of this method - contains (counting on 100 parties by weight of amorphous SiO2) 1-30 parties by weight of alkali metal hydroxide and 30-125 parties by weight of water, is little sensitive to ballast impurities, and has the appearance of adhesive mass that is capable to once melting and to irreversible hardening due to heating at temperature more than 2000C.
Energy discharge intensity for production of this gel is noticeably less in comparison with "wet" production of the traditional liquid glass.
However, liquid caustic soda, i.e. strong (as a rule 48%) water solution of sodium hydroxide, needs careful handling according to safety regulations and for protection from air and cooling.
In fact, the air consists always the CO2, which is easily soluble in water and capable to transform of reactive NaOH into inactive NaHCO3. Therefore, impermeable tanks equipped with a means capable to form nitrogen cushion over the liquid are necessary for stationary storage of said caustic soda.
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Further, at the point of +70C said caustic soda transforms into jelly-like material and forms dense sediment of NaOH on the tank bottom. Such reagent is unsuitable practically for pumping. Accordingly, each tank must be equipped with heat-insulation, heater and mixer.
It is clear for each person skilled in the art that - all said above relates also to liquid caustic potash, and use of expensive and compound equipment for operation with liquid caustic alkalis complicates and raises the price of carrying out of the known method substantially.
Moreover, glutiness and viscosity of hydrosilicate gels obtained as described above are various in wide ranges. International Publication WO 97/33843 from 18.09.1997 discloses a method for preparation of more stable hard hydrosilicate gel. This method includes following steps: crushing of selected porous siliceous raw containing no less than 70% per weight of amorphous SiO2 up to obtaining particles' size in the range 1.0-2.5 mm, mixing of said particles with water solution of a caustic alkali, steaming of obtained mix by saturated water vapour (if said siliceous raw was watered at mixing only partially), or by heating of entirely watered mix from an suitable external heat source up to its saturation by water vapour at atmospheric pressure and at temperature in the range 75-9O0C; this steaming must be accompanied with agitation of said mix up to formation of hydrosilicates, and cooling of the steamed mix up to room (i.e. 18-250C) temperature during a time that is sufficient for its conversion into state of a fragile hydrosilicate gel.
This gel under heating above 1000C come into plastic state then expands intensively and irreversibly hardens at temperature above 2000C.
Said fragile gel, after its crushing and separation in particles' size order, is suitable for processing into heat-insulated materials of two types, namely: expanded granules which may be obtained by heating of initial granules in free state at temperature in the range from 200 to 25O0C during 25-35 minutes (in order to use of obtained products such as bulk warmth-keeping jackets or fillers of light-weight concretes), blocks or plates which may be obtained by expanding of a mass of adhering granules at temperature in the range from 250 to 45O0C during 2.5-6.0 hours.
However, above described method needs expensive and compound equipment for storage and delivery of liquid caustic alkalis too.
Moreover, the hard hydrosilicate gel obtained by this method is little suitable as binder and, especially, as glue because incorporation of reinforcing fillers into high-viscous mass and homogenisation of mixes are difficult. This disadvantage occurs evidently in attempts to create mechanically fast fire-resistant composites for protection of wooden, metallic and other building units.
Subsequent pilot researches are shown that increase of adhesion activity and processing characteristics of hard hydrosilicate gels is possible. So, WO 00/46277 from 10.08.2000 discloses such method for production of a hard
hydrosilicate gel, subject matter of which is the nearest to the proposed below method. The known method includes: crushing of porous natural siliceous raw containing no less than 70% per weight amorphous SiO2 up to making of particles, no more than 15% the mass of which have diameter more 10 mm, batching of said crushed siliceous raw and water solution of a caustic alkali, preliminary heating of said water solution of a caustic alkali up to temperature near to water boiling-point, mixing of said crushed siliceous raw with heated water solution of a caustic alkali, homogenising of obtained mix for the purpose of equal distribution of saturated water vapour in all its volume, and immediate discharging of homogenised mix after its conversion into viscoelastic state. This method provides to obtain such hard gel, which contain a mix of alkaline metals' hydrosilicates and bound water in amount of 30 to 40% per weight, at that a ratio of «disperse» and «hydrate» water masses may be from 5:3 to 4:1. Said gel is a hydrosilicate ((thermosetting plastic», which is capable for - usual dilution by water (after crushing), single conversion into plastic state (after short-term heating at temperature in the range 45-25O0C), and irreversible hardening (after long-term heating up to temperature more than 18O0C); this hardening is accompanied with destruction of hydrates, preliminary expansion and thermal reflow of surface layer, and final expansion.
Accordingly, aforesaid hard hydrosilicate gel is effective especially as fire-protective material (in particular, as composites which would be easy prepared from water hydrosilicates' colloids). It can explain additionally in the following way.
Exothermicity of the amorphous SiO2 alkalisation under action of hot caustic alkali solution provides practically uniform warming of all reacting mass if even its mixing would be minimal. Ballast impurities containing in the siliceous raw promote homogenisation of mix because they adsorb a part of sodium ions. Cooling of viscoelastic intermediate product after its unloading provides fixation practically all water in the hard hydrosilicate gel and «extends» alkalisation until first contact of any based on said gel fire-protective material with fire. Removal of bound water from said gel needs substantial heat expences. Therefore, surface temperature of protected details during their fire tests stays about 1000C the longer, as a layer of the fire-protective material is thicker. Unfortunately, this method for production of hard hydrosilicate gel needs also expensive and compound equipment due to use of liquid caustic alkalis and their obligatory heating before mixing with the crushed siliceous raw.
Brief Description of the Invention
The object of this invention is creation of substantially more easy and profitable method for preparation of hard hydrosilicate gel.
This object is achieved by modification of order and conditions related to pre-production of reagents and alkalisation of a siliceous raw Thus, proposed method includes crushing of porous siliceous raw containing no less than70% per weight of amorphous SiO2 up to its conversion into siliceous «sand», batching of this «sand» and dry granular caustic alkali, charging of two above-mentioned reagents into a functioning process vessel equipped with a mixer and mixing of theirs accompanied with self-heating of reacting mass until heated viscous intermediate product would be obtained, discharging of said heated viscous intermediate product into containers, and ripening of the intermediate product in said containers accompanied with gradual natural cooling up to temperature near to environment temperature until mature hard hydrosilicate gel would be obtained
Use of dry caustic alkalis simplifies substantially equipment for process realisation and decreases sharply the demand for external heat sources In fact, dry caustic soda or dry caustic potash taken as granules or flakes may hold in impermeable bags, which would be opened immediately before charging of selected caustic alkali , into . process vessel Further, two concurrent exothermal reactions provide self-heating of reacting mass, namely solution ot dry caustic alkali in water containing in siliceous «sand», and alkalisation of amorphous silicon dioxide in mass of «sand graιns» An additional feature consists in that the said raw is crushed into «sand» having particles' diameter no more than 0 5 mm It eases alkalisation of amorphous SiO2
Further additional feature consists in that humidity of siliceous raw is normalised In particular, excessively wet siliceous «sand» is pre-dπed at temperature no more than 1000C before its charging into the process vessel, and dry siliceous «sand» is watered by supply of water having temperature in the range from 80 to 950C into process vessel when its mixer operates These operations provide stabilisation of the target product's quality
One more additional feature consists in that the hard hydrosilicate gel is crushed into granules having sizes in the range from 20 micrometers to 5 00 mm and then these granules are dried at temperature less than 15O0C up to loss of capability for conglutination As a rule, said granules are dried in boiling bed that is supported by air stream at temperature in the range from 110 to 12O0C It allows to store the target product unrestπctedly long, and to extend the field of its use
Best Embodiments of the Invention
The invention will now be explained by detailed description of used raw materials, the method for production of a hard hydrosilicate gel and results of tests of obtained products
The hard hydrosilicate gels may be obtained from easy-accessible natural or man- caused raw, each of which contains no less than 70% per weight of amorphous SiO2
Natural siliceous raw are usually selected from group consisting of chemically near sedimentary such as tripolis, kieselgurs, spongolites, radiolarites and the like (see MβaHeHKO B H CτponτeπbHt>ιe ιvιaτepnaπbi n M3fleπnfl H3 KpeMHMCTbix πopofl - Knee
"ByflMBEJlbHMK", 1978, c.5; In English: Ivanenko V.N. Building materials and products from siliceous rocks. - Kiev, Publishing House "BUDIVELNIK", 1978, p.5).
Data about said natural siliceous raw in Ukraine are shown in Table 1
Table 1
CHARACTERISTICS OF NATURAL SILICEOUS RAW
In particular, the tripoli of Konoplyanskoye occurrence was used to experimental testing of the invention's practicability and effectiveness.
Wastes of ferroalloy industry (microsilica), viz tailings of gas-cleaning units of ferrosilicon making, are used as man-caused siliceous raw containing no less than 70% per weight of amorphous SiO2 (these tailings store usually at dumping place, which pollute environment)
In particular, the waste of Stakhanovsky ferroalloy works (Ukraine) was used to experimental testing of the invention's practicability and effectiveness. Their chemical composition and some other data are shown in Table 2.
Table 2.
CHARACTERISTICS OF MAN-CAUSED SILICEOUS RAW
The proposed method realises as follows.
First step provides that selected porous siliceous raw containing no less than 70% per weight of amorphous SiO2 (in particular, said tripoli, or said waste of ferroalloy industry) crush using, for example, a jaw crusher, and then grind into a siliceous «sand».
It is desirable that average size of «sand grains» is no more than 0.5 mm.
Carry-over of the siliceous «sand» may be kept in suitable metal or polymeric containers.
A heat-insulated process vessel equipped with a mixer, batchers of siliceous «sand» and heated water and a hatchway for charging of the dry caustic alkali is used for production of the hard hydrosilicate gel. Moreover, said process vessel can be equipped with a controllable heater (e.g., with a water jacket), that allows to operate effectively even at the time of cold weather, and with suitable temperature control means.
It is well known that dry caustic soda and dry caustic potash deliver for sale in the form of granules or flakes packed in impermeable bags, each of which stores 25 kg. Therefore, it is rationally to open these bags immediately before charging of selected dry caustic alkali into the process vessel. It is rationally also to determine the loaded amounts of the siliceous «sand» multiple to 25 kg of the dry caustic alkali.
Real humidity of each regular batch of the siliceous «sand» would be measured usually before its charging. If measured humidity substantially (more than 5-10%) deviates from preferable value of 40% it must be normalised.
In particular, an excessively wet siliceous «sand» must be pre-dhed before its charging into process vessel at temperature no more than 1000C using a suitable drier.
Siliceous «sand» and dry caustic alkali measure out and charge into said process vessel when its mixer operates. Discharge intensity of dry caustic alkali must be determined experimentally in respect of each regular batch of the siliceous raw.
As it is shown below, discharge intensity (counting on 100 kg of the siliceous «sand») is usually from 5 to 20 kg of the dry caustic soda and from 10 to 20 kg of the dry caustic potash.
When real humidity of the siliceous «sand» is insufficient, required amount of water heated up to temperature in the range from 80 to 950C must be delivered at agitation into said process vessel after mechanical pre-homogenisation of hard reagents' mix.
Further mixing of the reacting mass is accompanied with its self-heating due to aforesaid exothermal effects of the reactions of the dry alkali aquation and the amorphous SiO2 alkalisation. Temperature of the reacting mass must be in the range 75-950C. When it is less than 750C (that occurs usually in winter), the reacting mass must be heated additionally.
Process carries out until heated viscous intermediate product would be obtained.
Process completion may be easy stated on basis of power consumption step of mixer electric drive (in particular, on basis of amperemeter indications' step).
Further heated viscous intermediate product must be unloaded immediately into suitable open containers and ripened in these containers up to temperature near to environment temperature, and then up to moment when mature hard hydrosilicate gel would be obtained. Maturity of any hard hydrosilicate gel may be stated on basis of: its capability to crumble by compression, or springback of an impact tool (e.g. a hammer) from surface of a gel block being in container, or
typical uneven «cheese» rupture that, after 10-20 minutes breaking off a fragment from block, takes lustre due to partial mechanochemical degradation of hydrosilicates and release of non-bound chemically water.
Mature hydrosilicate gel may be marketable product in itself because it is suitable as mineral glue or organic-mineral glues' ingredient after crushing of blocks and dilution of obtained particles by water up to requisite viscosity.
However, it is the most preferably to convert the mature hydrosilicate gel into a free- flowing non-coherent at the storage or transportation granular material.
For this purpose the mature gel must be unloaded from the containers and crushed at first into sandy gravel (using, for example, a multi-shaft shredder having a gap between plate about 3 cm) and then in granules (using, for example, a rotary crusher). The obtained product has appearance of polydisperse mix of particles having sizes, as a rule, in the range from 20 micrometers to 5.00 mm.
These granules deliver instantly into stream of gaseous heat carrier and dry at temperature less than 15O0C up to loss of capability for conglutination. Said temperature - threshold is lower the temperature of crystalline hydrates' thermal destruction (160-1700C). It is preferable to dry said granules in boiling bed at temperature in the range from 110 to 12O0C. Said granules unload from the dryer when their surface to look matted. This hue is criterion of free-water removal and closing of chemical bonds in hydrosilicates. The dried granules must be, as a rule, forcedly cooled up to environment temperature, separated according to particle size distribution and packed into suitable hermetic packages to avoid contact of theirs with condensed moisture at long-term storage or transportation.
Undersize particles (especially fine powder having particles' size in the range from 20 to
100 micrometers, which contains from 15 to 25% crystalline hydrate's water) can be preferably used as hot-melt glue. In fact, the water, which releases at temperature 160-1700C from crystalline hydrates, solves partially the sodium or potassium hydrosilicates. Obtained material stays some time in liquid state and has heightened adhesion (especially to hot surfaces).
The granules having sizes more than 1.0 mm may be preferably expanded by their additional heating up to temperature in the range from 200 to 5000C (as a rule, in boiling bed supported by stream of a gaseous heat carrier). It is experimentally stated that 1000 kg of granular hard hydrosilicate gel enables to obtain up to 12 m3 of expanded granules. They may usually use as bulk water-proof heat-insulated material, as ingredient of artificial soils for plant culturing, or as high-porous filler of, for example, light-weight concretes and units from theirs.
Two series of experiments using batches of above-mentioned natural and man-caused raw having different humidity were made to testing of practicability and effectiveness of above described method. In the course of experiments were determined: discharge intensity of both dry caustic alkali (kg/100 kg of the siliceous «sand»), possibility of obtaining of target product in the form of the hard hydrosilicate gel as such at pre-determined discharge intensity of the dry caustic alkali, and bulk weiπht of exDanded αranules obtained from such αel (at averaαe size of these
granules in the range from 3 to 8 mm)
The most significant examples, which are chosen from each above-mentioned series of experiments on basis of adjacency of initial humidity of the siliceous «sand» to its value in the source of the selected siliceous raw, are shown in Table 3
Table 3
INFORMATION ABOUT POSSIBILITY OF OBTAINING TARGET PRODUCT
AS HARD HYDROSILICATE GEL BLOCKS MADE FROM NATURAL AND MAN-CAUSED RAW, AND ABOUT BULK WEIGHT OF EXPANDED GRANULAR HYDROSILICATE GEL
Table 3 shows that discharge intensities from 5 to 20 kg of dry caustic soda and from 10 to 20 kg of dry caustic potash counting on 100 kg of the siliceous «sand» are sufficient in the most case for production of the block-shaped hard hydrosilicate gel from any siliceous raw, discharge intensity of any dry caustic alkali at level about 15 kg/100 kg allows to obtain the hard hydrosilicate gel from any siliceous raw characterised different initial humidity both as blocks and as dry granules, increase of the dry caustic alkali's discharge intensity allows to decrease bulk weight of the expanded granules and, thereby, to reduce the coefficient of thermal conductivity of the target product and discharge intensity of it for further production of heat-insulated materials, dry caustic soda is suitable for production of hard hydrosilicate gel from any siliceous raw while dry caustic potash is preferable for processing of the man-caused siliceous raw
Water resistance of granules (ι e capability being in water a long time without significant loss of strength) is additional criterion of their quality
For this purpose expanded granules were kept in water at room temperature during two weeks Comparative water resistance was evaluated according to the five-point scale, in which grade level corresponds to keeping of initial compression strength whereas five points corresponds to maximal soaking Data obtained in these tests are shown in Table 4, in which
examples' numbers and expanded granules' bulk weight correspond to respective data from the Table 3
Table 4
DATA ABOUT COMPARATIVE WATER RESISTANCE OF EXPANDED GRANULES OBTAINED FROM DRY GRANULAR HARD HYDROSILICATE GEL
Table 4 shows that none of the tested granules do not become soggy entirely, granules made from such hard hydrosilicate gels, which are produced at discharge intensity of any dry caustic alkali at level about 15 kg/100 kg of any siliceous raw, have comparative water resistance no more than two points, and increase of discharge intensity of any dry caustic alkali up to 20 kg/100 kg of siliceous raw of initial humidity about 30% decrease water resistance of the expanded granules
Industrial Applicability
The proposed method can be easy realized using available either inert natural or dangerous to environment man-caused siliceous raw, dry caustic alkali and standard mixers made from suitable carbon steel
Hard hydrosilicate gels may be used for production of many various (including composite) materials It is especially important that the granular hard hydrosilicate gels, which are capable to expanding and surface fusing under heating, serve as mineral analogues of such polymeric composites (based, in particular, on polystyrene or polyvinylchloride) in which foaming agents are included
These properties allow at least partially substituting of plastic binders such as phenol-, urea- and melamine-formaldehyde resins etc by the granular hard hydrosilicate gels For example, said hydrosilicate gels may be used as binders of basalt fibres, wood sheets or chips and others fillers when they are used for production of plates, plywood, organic-mineral tubes etc by press forming or extrusion Moreover, it is desirable to use undersize particles of the granular hard hydrosilicate gels together with natural, butadiene-styrene or acryhc-styrene latex, polyvinylacetate emulsion, glues of animal or vegetable origin and other adhesive- capable matters for production of many non-woven materials
Claims
1 Method for preparation of hard hydrosilicate gel including crushing of porous siliceous raw containing no less than70% per weight of amorphous SiO2 up to its conversion into siliceous «sand», batching of this «sand» and dry granular caustic alkali, charging of two above-mentioned reagents into a functioning process vessel equipped with a mixer and mixing of theirs accompanied with self-heating of reacting mass until heated viscous intermediate product would be obtained, discharging of said heated viscous intermediate product into containers, and ripening of the intermediate product in said containers accompanied with gradual natural cooling up to temperature near to environment temperature until mature hard hydrosilicate gel would be obtained
2 Method according to claim 1 , wherein porous siliceous raw is crushed into «sand» having particles' diameter no more than 0 5 mm 3 Method according to claim 1 , wherein humidity of siliceous raw is normalised by pre- drying of excess wet siliceous «sand» or by watering of dry siliceous «sand»
4 Method according to claim 3, wherein excess wet siliceous «sand» is pre-dπed at temperature no more than 1000C before its charging into the process vessel
5 Method according to claim 3, wherein dry siliceous «sand» is watered by supply of water having temperature in the range from 80 to 950C into process vessel when its mixer operates
6 Method according to claim 1 , wherein hard hydrosilicate gel is crushed into granules having sizes in the range from 20 micrometers to 5 00 mm and then these granules are dried at temperature less than 15O0C up to loss of capability for conglutination 7 Method according to claim 6, wherein said granules are dried in boiling bed that is formed by air stream at temperature in the range from 110 to 12O0C
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| UAA200802305A UA88233C2 (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2008-02-22 | Process for the production of solid hydrosilicate gel |
| UAA200802305 | 2008-02-22 |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2009105051A1 true WO2009105051A1 (en) | 2009-08-27 |
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|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/UA2008/000017 WO2009105051A1 (en) | 2008-02-22 | 2008-03-21 | Method for preparation of hard hydrosilicate gel |
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|---|---|
| RU (1) | RU2448902C1 (en) |
| UA (1) | UA88233C2 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2009105051A1 (en) |
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| CN109111168A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-01 | 史茜赟 | A kind of preparation method of compound bio base grouting material |
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| EA029570B1 (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2018-04-30 | ОБЩЕСТВО С ОГРАНИЧЕННОЙ ОТВЕТСТВЕННОСТЬЮ "СлаВикСа" | Method for production of porous granulated building material |
| AT523824B1 (en) | 2020-06-10 | 2021-12-15 | Eine Illarion | FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEM |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2374035A (en) * | 1943-04-22 | 1945-04-17 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Manufacture of alkali metal silicates |
| US3690822A (en) * | 1970-12-21 | 1972-09-12 | Clyde B Myers | Highly siliceous solid sodium silicate |
| GB1518772A (en) * | 1977-02-01 | 1978-07-26 | Skamol Skarrehage Molerverk As | Method of producing an aqueous solution of water glass |
| WO2000046277A2 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-08-10 | Siwood Inc. | Fireproofing material |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2085489C1 (en) * | 1995-06-06 | 1997-07-27 | Братский Индустриальный Институт | Method of liquid glass production |
| RU2205793C1 (en) * | 2002-03-19 | 2003-06-10 | Брыков Алексей Сергеевич | Light-transparent binding composition |
-
2008
- 2008-02-22 UA UAA200802305A patent/UA88233C2/en unknown
- 2008-03-21 WO PCT/UA2008/000017 patent/WO2009105051A1/en active Application Filing
- 2008-03-21 RU RU2010138880/05A patent/RU2448902C1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2374035A (en) * | 1943-04-22 | 1945-04-17 | Wyandotte Chemicals Corp | Manufacture of alkali metal silicates |
| US3690822A (en) * | 1970-12-21 | 1972-09-12 | Clyde B Myers | Highly siliceous solid sodium silicate |
| GB1518772A (en) * | 1977-02-01 | 1978-07-26 | Skamol Skarrehage Molerverk As | Method of producing an aqueous solution of water glass |
| WO2000046277A2 (en) * | 1999-02-05 | 2000-08-10 | Siwood Inc. | Fireproofing material |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109111168A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-01 | 史茜赟 | A kind of preparation method of compound bio base grouting material |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| UA88233C2 (en) | 2009-09-25 |
| RU2010138880A (en) | 2012-03-27 |
| RU2448902C1 (en) | 2012-04-27 |
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