WO2009103930A2 - Spiral cooling compressor - Google Patents

Spiral cooling compressor Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2009103930A2
WO2009103930A2 PCT/FR2009/050261 FR2009050261W WO2009103930A2 WO 2009103930 A2 WO2009103930 A2 WO 2009103930A2 FR 2009050261 W FR2009050261 W FR 2009050261W WO 2009103930 A2 WO2009103930 A2 WO 2009103930A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
spiral
channel
scroll
volute
elevation
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/FR2009/050261
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2009103930A3 (en
Inventor
Pierre Ginies
Christophe Ancel
Dominique Gross
Original Assignee
Danfoss Commercial Compressors
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Danfoss Commercial Compressors filed Critical Danfoss Commercial Compressors
Priority to CN200980105656.7A priority Critical patent/CN101952599A/en
Publication of WO2009103930A2 publication Critical patent/WO2009103930A2/en
Publication of WO2009103930A3 publication Critical patent/WO2009103930A3/en

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0215—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form where only one member is moving
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0246—Details concerning the involute wraps or their base, e.g. geometry
    • F04C18/0253—Details concerning the base
    • F04C18/0261—Details of the ports, e.g. location, number, geometry
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C18/00—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C18/02—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents
    • F04C18/0207—Rotary-piston pumps specially adapted for elastic fluids of arcuate-engagement type, i.e. with circular translatory movement of co-operating members, each member having the same number of teeth or tooth-equivalents both members having co-operating elements in spiral form
    • F04C18/0246—Details concerning the involute wraps or their base, e.g. geometry
    • F04C18/0269—Details concerning the involute wraps
    • F04C18/0276—Different wall heights
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04C—ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; ROTARY-PISTON, OR OSCILLATING-PISTON, POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04C28/00—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids
    • F04C28/24—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves
    • F04C28/26—Control of, monitoring of, or safety arrangements for, pumps or pumping installations specially adapted for elastic fluids characterised by using valves controlling pressure or flow rate, e.g. discharge valves or unloading valves using bypass channels

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a scroll compressor.
  • each spiral comprises an elevation extending over at least a portion of its length from its outer end.
  • this embodiment requires the provision of a recess in the mobile scroll plate arranged to receive the elevation of the spiral of the fixed scroll.
  • a recess in the mobile scroll plate arranged to receive the elevation of the spiral of the fixed scroll.
  • it is necessary to increase the thickness of the plate.
  • This increase in thickness of the plate causes an increase in the mass of the moving volute, and therefore the inertia of the latter.
  • this increase in inertia is reflected directly by additional mechanical stress of the hub of the mobile scroll and bearings of the drive shaft of the moving volute, which can lead to premature wear of the bearings.
  • this embodiment causes an asymmetrical pressure evolution between the two outer compression chambers because the volume of these two chambers is different. Indeed, the pressure in the chamber which is delimited externally by the wall of the spiral which comprises the elevation is higher than in the chamber which is delimited externally by the wall of the spiral without elevation.
  • the present invention aims to remedy these disadvantages.
  • the technical problem underlying the invention is therefore to provide a scroll compressor with a compact structure and to improve the performance of the latter, while avoiding premature damage to certain parts of the compressor.
  • the present invention relates to a scroll compressor comprising a fixed scroll and a moving scroll, the moving scroll describing an orbital movement relative to the fixed scroll, the scrolls fixed and mobile being each equipped with a spiral, the two spirals being engaged one inside the other and delimiting compression chambers of variable volume, only the spiral of the moving volute comprising an elevation extending over at least a portion of its length, characterized in that least one of the scrolls comprises at least one channel arranged to place in communication, during the orbital motion of the moving scroll, two compression chambers arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the orbital motion of the moving scroll, the ends of the channel emerging respectively on either side of the outer and inner walls of the spiral of the volute comprising the channel or in the outer walls e and interior of the spiral of the volute comprising the channel, and in that the channel comprises a non-return valve arranged to allow fluid passage only from the outer wall of the spiral of the volute comprising the channel to the inner wall of it.
  • the presence of the channel makes it possible to put in communication the two external compression chambers during the relative orbital movement of the fixed and mobile scrolls, and thus to achieve a balancing of the pressures on either side of these two chambers by a flow of fluid from one of the bedrooms to the other bedroom.
  • This balancing of the pressures thus makes it possible to compensate for the asymmetry of pressure between the two external compression chambers due to the realization of a single elevation on the spiral of the moving volute, and thus to avoid fluid leaks between the chambers delimited by the spirals.
  • Only the spiral of the mobile scroll has a raised portion extending over at least a portion of its length.
  • the presence of the non-return valve in the channel makes it possible to avoid communicating an inner compression chamber with an external compression chamber during the orbital movement of the moving volute, and thus to avoid a leakage of pressurized fluid to a chamber of external compression, when it is at lower pressure.
  • the ends of the channel are angularly offset relative to each other relative to the center of the orbital motion of the moving volute, preferably at an angle of less than or equal to 160 ° preferably less than 120 °, and preferably about 60 °.
  • the fixed scroll comprises at least one channel disposed facing the portion of the spiral of the mobile scroll comprising the elevation at an angular position relative to the center of the orbital motion of the mobile scroll located between the angular position of the inner end of the elevation, and a point diametrically opposite thereto.
  • center of the orbital motion of the moving volute is the center of the spiral of the fixed scroll.
  • the channel formed in the fixed scroll comprises a non-return valve arranged to allow fluid passage only from the outer wall of the spiral of the fixed scroll to the inner wall thereof.
  • the end of the channel opening into or on the side of the inner wall of the spiral of the fixed scroll is set back from the end of the channel opening into or from the side of the outer wall of the spiral of the fixed scroll. relative to the inner end of the elevation.
  • the elevation extends from the outer end of the spiral of the mobile scroll.
  • the elevation extends over at least 180 ° from the outer end of the spiral of the mobile scroll.
  • the mobile volute comprises at least one channel disposed opposite its portion not having the elevation at an angular position relative to the center of the orbital motion of the movable volute located between the angular position. the inner end of the elevation, and a point diametrically opposite to it.
  • the channel formed in the movable scroll comprises a non-return valve arranged to allow fluid passage only from the outer wall of the spiral of the moving scroll to the inner wall of the -this.
  • the end of the channel opening into or on the side of the inner wall of the scroll of the moving scroll is set back from the end of the channel opening into or on the side of the outer wall of the spiral of the moving scroll. relative to the inner end of the elevation.
  • the fixed and mobile scrolls each comprise several angularly offset channels, each channel comprising a non-return valve.
  • the fixed scroll comprises a recess arranged to receive the elevation of the spiral of the mobile scroll.
  • the invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows with reference to the attached schematic drawing showing, by way of non-limiting example, two embodiments of this scroll compressor.
  • Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fixed and mobile scrolls of a scroll compressor.
  • Figure 2 is a perspective view of the mobile scroll of the compressor of Figure 1.
  • Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the volute of Figure 2.
  • Figure 4 is a top view of the movable scroll of Figure 2.
  • Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fixed scroll of the compressor of Figure 1.
  • Figures 6, 8, 9 and 11 are cross-sectional views of the two scrolls scroll volute of Figure 1, in four different operating positions shifted respectively by a quarter turn.
  • Figures 7 and 10 are partial views in longitudinal section of the two scrolls of Figure 1, showing the non-return valve in two distinct operating positions.
  • Figures 12, 14, 15 and 17 are cross-sectional views of the two scrolls of a compressor according to a second embodiment of the invention, in four different operating positions respectively offset by a quarter turn.
  • Figures 13 and 16 are partial views in longitudinal section of the two scrolls of the compressor of Figure 12, showing the non-return valve in two distinct operating positions.
  • Figures 1 to 11 show the fixed and mobile scrolls of a scroll compressor according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • a scroll compressor generally comprises a sealed enclosure delimited by an enclosure containing a body for mounting a refrigerant gas compression stage.
  • This compression stage comprises a fixed volute 3 having a circular plate 4 equipped with a first spiral 5 facing downwards, and a mobile volute 6 having a circular plate 7 equipped with a second spiral 8 facing upwards.
  • the compressor comprises a drive shaft (not shown in the figures) whose upper end is engaged in a sleeve-shaped part 11, which comprises the mobile volute 6. During its driving in rotation by an electric motor contained in the casing, the drive shaft drives the mobile volute 6 in an orbital motion relative to the fixed volute 3.
  • the first and second spirals 5, 8 are engaged one inside the other and delimit compression chambers of variable volume.
  • the spiral 8 of the movable scroll 6 includes a raised portion 12 extending about 360 ° from its outer end.
  • the spiral 8 of the mobile volute 6 comprises a first portion extending from the inner end of the spiral to a transition portion T, and a second portion having the elevation 12 and extending from the transition portion T to the outer end of the spiral 8.
  • the second portion has a height h1 greater than the height h2 of the first portion.
  • the transition portion T is delimited by a semicircular convex surface.
  • the fixed volute 3 comprises a recess 13 formed on the face of the plate 4 facing the mobile volute 6 and arranged to receive the elevation 12 of the spiral 8 of the movable volute 6.
  • the recess 13 extends about 360 ° and has a depth corresponding to the height of the elevation 12, that is to say a height equal to the difference between the heights h 1 and h 2 of the first and second portions of the spiral 8.
  • the inner end of the recess 1 3 is delimited by a semicircular concave surface 14.
  • the convex surface delimiting the transition portion T is arranged to cooperate with the concave surface 14 delimiting the inner end of the recess 13.
  • the fixed scroll 3 comprises a through channel 15 formed in its plate 4.
  • the ends of the through channel 15 open respectively on both sides of the outer and inner walls of the spiral 5 of the fixed scroll 3.
  • the through channel 15 is located facing the inner wall of the second portion of the spiral 8 comprising the elevation 12.
  • the through channel 15 comprises a first portion 16 opening on the side of the outer wall of the spiral 5 of the fixed volute 3 and a second portion 17 opening on the side of the inner wall of the spiral 5 of the fixed volute 3.
  • the first and second portions 16, 17 extend parallel to the axis of the compressor and are connected to each other by a third portion 18 extending perpendicular to the axis of the compressor.
  • the first and second portions 16, 17 of the through channel 15 are angularly offset relative to each other. Indeed, the upstream end of the through channel 15, that is to say the end of the first portion 16 opening on the side of the outer wall of the spiral 5, is located in the area of the inner end of the elevation 12, while the downstream end of the through channel 15, that is to say the end of the second portion 17 opening on the side of the inner wall of the spiral 5 is set back from the upstream end of the latter with respect to the concave surface 14.
  • the through channel 15 comprises a nonreturn valve 19 mounted in the third portion 18 and arranged to allow a fluid passage only from the upstream end of the through channel 15 to the downstream end thereof.
  • the non-return valve is movable in translation between a first closed position (shown in FIG. 7) in which it bears against the opening of the first portion 16 opening into the third portion 18, and a second open position (shown in FIG. FIG. 10) in which it is remote from the opening of the first portion 16 opening into the third portion 18 and allows fluid flow from the first portion 16 to the second portion 17.
  • the fixed volute 3 comprises a cover 21 arranged to seal the third portion 18 of the through channel 15.
  • FIG. 6 shows a position of the fixed and mobile scrolls 6 in which the two external compression chambers 22, 23 delimited externally respectively by the inner wall of the spiral 8 of the mobile scroll 6 and by the inner wall of the spiral 5 of the fixed volute 3 each have a maximum surface seen from above.
  • This position of the fixed scroll 3 and mobile 6 corresponds to the so-called position of "cylinder capacity", that is to say of admission of the gas into the compression chambers.
  • the two outer compression chambers 22, 23 can not communicate with each other at the channel through 15 since it does not lead into the compression chamber 22.
  • the inner compression chamber 24 has a higher pressure than the outer compression chamber 22. This pressure difference causes the non-return valve 19 to move in the position shown in FIG. closing of the through channel 15 which prevents communication between the two compression chambers 23, 24.
  • the presence of the nonreturn valve 19 in the through channel 15 thus makes it possible to avoid a flow of pressurized refrigerant gas from the inner compression chamber 24 to the external compression chamber 23.
  • the convex surface delimiting the transition portion T deviates from the concave surface 14 delimiting the inner end of the recess 13.
  • the two outer compression chambers 22, 23 communicate with each other through the space E between the semicircular surfaces delimiting respectively the transition portion T and the inner end of the recess 13.
  • This communication between the two compression chambers makes it possible to balance the pressures on either side of these, and thus to compensate for the pressure asymmetry between these two compression chambers 22, 23.
  • the convex surface delimiting the transition portion T remains spaced from the concave surface 14 delimiting the inner end of the recess 13 during a half-turn of the mobile volute 6 from the position shown in FIG. 6.
  • the pressure equilibrium on either side of the compression chambers 22, 23 is ensured during a half-turn of the mobile volute 6 from the position shown in FIG. space E formed between the semicircular surfaces defining respectively the transition portion T and the inner end of the recess 13.
  • FIG. 8 represents the position of the fixed and movable scrolls 3 and 6 when the moving volute 6 has made a quarter turn from the position shown in FIG.
  • check valve 19 is held in the closed position shown in FIG. 7 during the first half-turn of the movable scroll 6 from the position shown in FIG.
  • the fixed and movable volutes 6 and 6 are in the position shown in FIG. 9, when the mobile volute 6 has made a complete half-turn from the position shown in FIG. 6.
  • the convex surface delimiting the transition portion T is in contact with the concave surface 14 delimiting the inner end of the recess 13.
  • the two compression chambers 22, 23 no longer communicate with each other at the the transition portion T.
  • the compression chamber 23 externally bounded by the spiral 5 of the fixed scroll 3 has a smaller volume than that of the compression chamber 22 bounded externally by the spiral 8 of the mobile volute 6, since the latter is delimited in part by the second portion of the spiral 8 of the movable volute 6 comprising the elevation 12 and the recess 13.
  • This pressure difference causes the non-return valve 19 to move in the open position shown in FIG. 10, and thus to put the compression chambers 22, 23 in communication via the through channel 15.
  • This communication between the two compression chambers 22 and 23 allows a flow of pressurized refrigerant gas from the compression chamber 22 to the compression chamber 23, and therefore a pressure equalization on either side thereof.
  • the two compression chambers 22, 23 communicate substantially constantly with each other (except when they are in the position of "displacement of displacement"), which makes it possible to ensure a compensation of the asymmetry of pressure of the chambers which whatever the position of the mobile volute 6.
  • FIGS. 14 to 17 show a scroll compressor according to a second embodiment of the invention which differs from that shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 essentially in that the through channel 15 'is formed in the plate 7 of the mobile volute 6, and in that it is arranged opposite the portion of the latter not having the elevation 12.
  • the through channel 15 comprises a first portion 31 opening on the side of the outer wall of the spiral 8 of the movable scroll 6 and a second portion 32 opening on the side of the inner wall of the spiral 8 of the movable volute 6.
  • the first and second portions 31, 32 extend parallel to the axis of the compressor and are connected to each other by a third portion 33 extending perpendicular to the axis of the compressor.
  • the first and second portions 31, 32 of a through channel 15 ' are angularly offset relative to one another.
  • the upstream end of the through channel 15 ' that is to say the end of the first portion 31 opening on the side of the outer wall of the spiral 8 of the mobile volute 6, is substantially diametrically opposed to the portion of transition T, while the downstream end of the through channel 15 ', that is, that is to say the end of the second portion 32 opening on the side of the inner wall of the spiral 8, is set back from the upstream end of the latter with respect to the inner end of the elevation 12.
  • the through channel 15 'formed in the moving volute 6 comprises a nonreturn valve 19' mounted in the third portion arranged to allow fluid passage only from the upstream end of the through channel 15 'to the downstream end thereof .
  • the through-channel 15 ' comprises a non-return valve 19' mounted in the first portion 31 and arranged to allow fluid passage only from the upstream end of the through-channel 15 'to the downstream end. of the last.
  • the nonreturn valve 19 ' is movable in translation between a first position (shown in FIG. 13) in which it closes the first portion 31, and a second position (shown in FIG. 16) in which it is allows a flow of fluid from the first portion 31 to the second portion 32.
  • the check valve 19 ' is subjected to the action of a compression spring 34 which tends to maintain the non-return valve in the closed position shown in FIG. 13.
  • the operation of the compressor according to the second embodiment of the invention is substantially identical to that of the compressor shown in Figures 1 to 11, and therefore will not be described.
  • the fixed and movable volutes 3 and 6 could each have one or more through-channels each having a non-return valve.
  • each non-return valve used to control the flow in the channels 15 and 115 could include an elastic member to facilitate its reclosing.

Abstract

The invention relates to a compressor that comprises a fixed volute (3) and a mobile volute (6) performing an orbital movement relative to the fixed volute, wherein the fixed and mobile volutes (3, 6) are each provided with a spiral (5, 8), the two spirals being meshed into each other and defining variable-volume compression chambers, the spiral (8) of the mobile volute only including a protrusion (12) extending on at least a portion of the length thereof. At least one of the volutes (3, 6) includes at least one channel arranged for establishing a communication between the two compression chambers during the orbital movement of the mobile volute, the ends of the channel opening respectively on either side of the outer and inner walls of the spiral of the volute including the channel, or into the outer and inner walls of the spiral of the volute including the channel. The channel includes a check valve adapted for allowing the fluid flow only from the outer wall of the spiral of the volute including the channel towards the inner wall thereof.

Description

Compresseur frigorifique à spirales Refrigeration compressor with spirals
La présente invention concerne un compresseur frigorifique à spirales.The present invention relates to a scroll compressor.
Le document US 4 477 238 décrit un compresseur frigorifique à spirales, comprenant une enceinte étanche délimitée par une enveloppe et contenant une volute fixe et une volute mobile, la volute mobile décrivant un mouvement orbital par rapport à la volute fixe, les volutes fixe et mobile étant chacune équipées d'une spirale, les deux spirales étant engagées l'une dans l'autre et délimitant au moins deux chambres de compression de volume variable.Document US Pat. No. 4,477,238 describes a scroll compressor comprising a sealed enclosure delimited by an envelope and containing a fixed scroll and a moving scroll, the moving scroll describing an orbital movement relative to the fixed scroll, the scrolls fixed and moving. each being equipped with a spiral, the two spirals being engaged one inside the other and delimiting at least two compression chambers of variable volume.
Selon un premier mode de réalisation décrit dans ce document, chaque spirale comprend une surélévation s'étendant sur au moins une portion de sa longueur à partir de son extrémité extérieure.According to a first embodiment described in this document, each spiral comprises an elevation extending over at least a portion of its length from its outer end.
Il en résulte une augmentation du volume des deux chambres de compression extérieures et donc de la cyl indrée du compresseur. Ces dispositions permettent ainsi d'améliorer les performances du compresseur.This results in an increase in the volume of the two outer compression chambers and therefore the compressor cyl indr. These arrangements thus make it possible to improve the performance of the compressor.
Cependant, ce mode de réalisation nécessite le ménagement d'un évidement dans le plateau de la volute mobile agencé pour recevoir la surélévation de la spirale de la volute fixe. Afin de ne pas diminuer la résistance mécanique du plateau due à la réalisation de cet évidement, il est nécessaire d'augmenter l'épaisseur du plateau. Cette augmentation d'épaisseur du plateau provoque une augmentation de la masse de la volute mobile, et donc de l'inertie de cette dernière. Or, cette augmentation d'inertie se traduit directement par une sollicitation mécanique supplémentaire du moyeu de la volute mobile et des paliers de l'arbre d'entraînement de la volute mobile, ce qui peut conduire à une usure prématurée des paliers.However, this embodiment requires the provision of a recess in the mobile scroll plate arranged to receive the elevation of the spiral of the fixed scroll. In order not to decrease the mechanical strength of the plate due to the realization of this recess, it is necessary to increase the thickness of the plate. This increase in thickness of the plate causes an increase in the mass of the moving volute, and therefore the inertia of the latter. However, this increase in inertia is reflected directly by additional mechanical stress of the hub of the mobile scroll and bearings of the drive shaft of the moving volute, which can lead to premature wear of the bearings.
Selon un second mode de réalisation décrit dans le document US 4 477 238, seule la spirale de la volute mobile comprend une surélévation s'étendant sur au moins une portion de sa longueur à partir de son extrémité extérieure. Ces dispositions permettent d'éviter la réalisation d'un évidement dans le plateau de la volute mobile et donc une usure prématurée du palier d'entraînement de la volute mobile.According to a second embodiment described in the document US Pat. No. 4,477,238, only the spiral of the moving volute comprises an elevation extending over at least a portion of its length from its outer end. These provisions make it possible to avoid making a recess in the mobile scroll plate and therefore premature wear of the drive bearing of the mobile scroll.
Toutefois, ce mode de réalisation provoque une évolution de pression dissymétrique entre les deux chambres de compression extérieures du fait que le volume de ces deux chambres est différent. En effet, la pression dans la chambre qui est délimitée extérieurement par la paroi de la spirale qui comporte la surélévation est plus élevée que dans la chambre qui est délimitée extérieurement par la paroi de la spirale sans surélévation.However, this embodiment causes an asymmetrical pressure evolution between the two outer compression chambers because the volume of these two chambers is different. Indeed, the pressure in the chamber which is delimited externally by the wall of the spiral which comprises the elevation is higher than in the chamber which is delimited externally by the wall of the spiral without elevation.
Il en résulte des fuites de fluide entre ces deux chambres et donc une diminution des performances du compresseur.This results in fluid leaks between these two chambers and therefore a decrease in compressor performance.
La présente invention vise à remédier à ces inconvénients. Le problème technique à la base de l'invention consiste donc à fournir un compresseur frigorifique à spirales qui soit de structure compacte et permettant d'améliorer les performances de ce dernier, tout en évitant un endommagement prématuré de certaines pièces du compresseur.The present invention aims to remedy these disadvantages. The technical problem underlying the invention is therefore to provide a scroll compressor with a compact structure and to improve the performance of the latter, while avoiding premature damage to certain parts of the compressor.
A cet effet, la présente invention concerne un compresseur frigorifique à spirales, comprenant une volute fixe et une volute mobile, la volute mobile décrivant un mouvement orbital par rapport à la volute fixe, les volutes fixe et mobile étant chacune équipées d'une spirale, les deux spirales étant engagées l'une dans l'autre et délimitant des chambres de compression de volume variable, seule la spirale de la volute mobile comprenant une surélévation s'étendant sur au moins une portion de sa longueur, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'une des volutes comprend au moins un canal agencé pour mettre en communication, au cours du mouvement orbital de la volute mobile, deux chambres de compression disposées de manière symétrique par rapport au centre du mouvement orbital de la volute mobile, les extrémités du canal débouchant respectivement de part et d'autre des parois extérieure et intérieure de la spirale de la volute comprenant le canal ou dans les parois extérieure et intérieure de la spirale de la volute comprenant le canal, et en ce que le canal comprend un clapet anti-retour agencé pour permettre un passage de fluide uniquement de la paroi extérieure de la spirale de la volute comprenant le canal vers la paroi intérieure de celle-ci.For this purpose, the present invention relates to a scroll compressor comprising a fixed scroll and a moving scroll, the moving scroll describing an orbital movement relative to the fixed scroll, the scrolls fixed and mobile being each equipped with a spiral, the two spirals being engaged one inside the other and delimiting compression chambers of variable volume, only the spiral of the moving volute comprising an elevation extending over at least a portion of its length, characterized in that least one of the scrolls comprises at least one channel arranged to place in communication, during the orbital motion of the moving scroll, two compression chambers arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the orbital motion of the moving scroll, the ends of the channel emerging respectively on either side of the outer and inner walls of the spiral of the volute comprising the channel or in the outer walls e and interior of the spiral of the volute comprising the channel, and in that the channel comprises a non-return valve arranged to allow fluid passage only from the outer wall of the spiral of the volute comprising the channel to the inner wall of it.
La présence du canal permet de mettre en communication les deux chambres de compression extérieures au cours du mouvement orbital relatif des volutes fixe et mobile, et donc de réaliser un équilibrage des pressions de part et d'autre de ces deux chambres par un écoulement de fluide de l'une des chambres vers l'autre chambre. Cet équilibrage des pressions permet ainsi de compenser la dissymétrie de pression entre les deux chambres de compression extérieures due à la réalisation d'une seule surélévation sur la spirale de la volute mobile, et donc d'éviter les fuites de fluide entre les chambres délimitées par les spirales. Seule la spirale de la volute mobile comprend une surélévation s'étendant sur au moins une portion de sa longueur. Ces dispositions permettent d'éviter la réalisation d'un évidement dans le plateau de la volute mobile et donc de provoquer une usure prématurée du palier d'entraînement de la volute mobile.The presence of the channel makes it possible to put in communication the two external compression chambers during the relative orbital movement of the fixed and mobile scrolls, and thus to achieve a balancing of the pressures on either side of these two chambers by a flow of fluid from one of the bedrooms to the other bedroom. This balancing of the pressures thus makes it possible to compensate for the asymmetry of pressure between the two external compression chambers due to the realization of a single elevation on the spiral of the moving volute, and thus to avoid fluid leaks between the chambers delimited by the spirals. Only the spiral of the mobile scroll has a raised portion extending over at least a portion of its length. These provisions make it possible to avoid making a recess in the mobile scroll plate and thus to cause premature wear of the drive bearing of the mobile scroll.
La présence du clapet anti-retour dans le canal permet d'éviter de faire communiquer une chambre de compression intérieure avec une chambre de compression extérieure durant le mouvement orbital de la volute mobile, et donc d'éviter une fuite de fluide pressurisé vers une chambre de compression extérieure, quand elle est à plus basse pression.The presence of the non-return valve in the channel makes it possible to avoid communicating an inner compression chamber with an external compression chamber during the orbital movement of the moving volute, and thus to avoid a leakage of pressurized fluid to a chamber of external compression, when it is at lower pressure.
Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, les extrémités du canal sont décalées angulairement l'une par rapport à l'autre par rapport au centre du mouvement orbital de la volute mobile, d'un angle de préférence inférieur ou égal à 160°, avantageusement inférieur à 120°, et préférentiellement d'environ 60°.According to one embodiment of the invention, the ends of the channel are angularly offset relative to each other relative to the center of the orbital motion of the moving volute, preferably at an angle of less than or equal to 160 ° preferably less than 120 °, and preferably about 60 °.
De telles valeurs d'angle permettent de limiter la longueur du canal, ce qui a pour conséquence d'une part d'éviter la création d'un volume mort important susceptible de diminuer les performances du compresseur, et d'autre part de faciliter la réalisation du canal. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la volute fixe comprend au moins un canal disposé en regard de la portion de la spirale de la volute mobile comprenant la surélévation à une position angulaire par rapport au centre du mouvement orbital de la volute mobile située entre la position angula ire de l 'extrém ité intérieure de la surélévation, et un point diamétralement opposé à celle-ci.Such angle values make it possible to limit the length of the channel, which has the consequence, on the one hand, of avoiding the creation of a large dead volume likely to reduce the performance of the compressor, and on the other hand of facilitating the realization of the canal. According to one embodiment of the invention, the fixed scroll comprises at least one channel disposed facing the portion of the spiral of the mobile scroll comprising the elevation at an angular position relative to the center of the orbital motion of the mobile scroll located between the angular position of the inner end of the elevation, and a point diametrically opposite thereto.
Il doit être noté que le centre du mouvement orbital de la volute mobile est le centre de la spirale de la volute fixe.It should be noted that the center of the orbital motion of the moving volute is the center of the spiral of the fixed scroll.
Avantageusement, le canal ménagé dans la volute fixe comprend un clapet anti-retour agencé pour permettre un passage de fluide uniquement de la paroi extérieure de la spirale de la volute fixe vers la paroi intérieure de celle-ci.Advantageously, the channel formed in the fixed scroll comprises a non-return valve arranged to allow fluid passage only from the outer wall of the spiral of the fixed scroll to the inner wall thereof.
De préférence, l'extrémité du canal débouchant dans ou du côté de la paroi intérieure de la spirale de la volute fixe est située en retrait de l'extrémité du canal débouchant dans ou du côté de la paroi extérieure de la spirale de la volute fixe par rapport à l'extrémité intérieure de la surélévation. Selon un mode de réalisation de l'invention, la surélévation s'étend à partir de l'extrémité extérieure de la spirale de la volute mobile.Preferably, the end of the channel opening into or on the side of the inner wall of the spiral of the fixed scroll is set back from the end of the channel opening into or from the side of the outer wall of the spiral of the fixed scroll. relative to the inner end of the elevation. According to one embodiment of the invention, the elevation extends from the outer end of the spiral of the mobile scroll.
Avantageusement, la surélévation s'étend sur au moins 180° à partir de l'extrémité extérieure de la spirale de la volute mobile. Selon un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, la volute mobile comprend au moins un canal disposé en regard de sa portion ne comportant pas la surélévation à une position angulaire par rapport au centre du mouvement orbital de la volute mobile située entre la position angulaire de l'extrémité intérieure de la surélévation, et un point diamétralement opposé à celle-ci.Advantageously, the elevation extends over at least 180 ° from the outer end of the spiral of the mobile scroll. According to another embodiment of the invention, the mobile volute comprises at least one channel disposed opposite its portion not having the elevation at an angular position relative to the center of the orbital motion of the movable volute located between the angular position. the inner end of the elevation, and a point diametrically opposite to it.
Selon encore un autre mode de réalisation de l'invention, le canal ménagé dans la volute mobile comprend un clapet anti-retour agencé pour permettre un passage de fluide uniquement de la paroi extérieure de la spirale de la volute mobile vers la paroi intérieure de celle-ci. De préférence, l'extrémité du canal débouchant dans ou du côté de la paroi intérieure de la spirale de la volute mobile est située en retrait de l'extrémité du canal débouchant dans ou du côté de la paroi extérieure de la spirale de la volute mobile par rapport à l'extrémité intérieure de la surélévation. Avantageusement, les volutes fixe et mobile comprennent chacune plusieurs canaux décalés angulairement, chaque canal comprenant un clapet anti-retour.According to yet another embodiment of the invention, the channel formed in the movable scroll comprises a non-return valve arranged to allow fluid passage only from the outer wall of the spiral of the moving scroll to the inner wall of the -this. Preferably, the end of the channel opening into or on the side of the inner wall of the scroll of the moving scroll is set back from the end of the channel opening into or on the side of the outer wall of the spiral of the moving scroll. relative to the inner end of the elevation. Advantageously, the fixed and mobile scrolls each comprise several angularly offset channels, each channel comprising a non-return valve.
De préférence, la volute fixe comprend un évidement agencé pour recevoir la surélévation de la spirale de la volute mobile. De toute façon l'invention sera bien comprise à l'aide de la description qui suit en référence au dessin schématique annexé représentant, à titre d'exemple non limitatif, deux formes d'exécution de ce compresseur frigorifique à spirales.Preferably, the fixed scroll comprises a recess arranged to receive the elevation of the spiral of the mobile scroll. In any case the invention will be better understood with the aid of the description which follows with reference to the attached schematic drawing showing, by way of non-limiting example, two embodiments of this scroll compressor.
Figure 1 est une vue en coupe longitudinale des volutes fixe et mobile d'un compresseur frigorifique à spirales.Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fixed and mobile scrolls of a scroll compressor.
Figu re 2 est u ne vue en perspective de la volute mobile du compresseur de figure 1 .Figure 2 is a perspective view of the mobile scroll of the compressor of Figure 1.
Figure 3 est une vue en coupe long itud inale de la volute de figure 2. Figure 4 est une vue de dessus de la volute mobile de figure 2. Figure 5 est une vue en coupe longitudinale de la volute fixe du compresseur de figure 1.Figure 3 is a longitudinal sectional view of the volute of Figure 2. Figure 4 is a top view of the movable scroll of Figure 2. Figure 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the fixed scroll of the compressor of Figure 1.
Figures 6, 8, 9 et 11 sont des vues en coupe transversale des deux spirales des volutes de figure 1 , dans quatre positions de fonctionnement distinctes décalées respectivement d'un quart de tour.Figures 6, 8, 9 and 11 are cross-sectional views of the two scrolls scroll volute of Figure 1, in four different operating positions shifted respectively by a quarter turn.
Figures 7, et 10 sont des vues partielles en coupe longitudinale des deux volutes de figure 1 , montrant le clapet anti-retour dans deux positions de fonctionnement distinctes.Figures 7 and 10 are partial views in longitudinal section of the two scrolls of Figure 1, showing the non-return valve in two distinct operating positions.
Figures 12, 14, 15 et 17 sont des vues en coupe transversale des deux spirales d'un compresseur selon une seconde forme d'exécution de l'invention, dans quatre positions de fonctionnement distinctes décalées respectivement d'un quart de tour.Figures 12, 14, 15 and 17 are cross-sectional views of the two scrolls of a compressor according to a second embodiment of the invention, in four different operating positions respectively offset by a quarter turn.
Figures 13 et 16 sont des vues partielles en coupe longitudinale des deux spirales du compresseur de figure 12, montrant le clapet anti-retour dans deux positions de fonctionnement distinctes.Figures 13 and 16 are partial views in longitudinal section of the two scrolls of the compressor of Figure 12, showing the non-return valve in two distinct operating positions.
Les figures 1 à 11 représentent les volutes fixe et mobile d'un compresseur frigorifique à spirales selon une première forme d'exécution de l'invention.Figures 1 to 11 show the fixed and mobile scrolls of a scroll compressor according to a first embodiment of the invention.
Un compresseur frigorifique à spirales comprend généralement une enceinte étanche délimitée par une enveloppe contenant un corps servant au montage d'un étage de compression de gaz frigorigène.A scroll compressor generally comprises a sealed enclosure delimited by an enclosure containing a body for mounting a refrigerant gas compression stage.
Cet étage de compression comprend une volute fixe 3 comportant un plateau circulaire 4 équipé d'une première spirale 5 tournée vers le bas, et une volute mobile 6 comportant un plateau circulaire 7 équipé d'une seconde spirale 8 tournée vers le haut.This compression stage comprises a fixed volute 3 having a circular plate 4 equipped with a first spiral 5 facing downwards, and a mobile volute 6 having a circular plate 7 equipped with a second spiral 8 facing upwards.
Le compresseur comprend u n arbre d'entraînement (non représenté sur les figures) dont l'extrémité supérieure est engagée dans une partie en forme de manchon 11 , que comporte la volute mobile 6. Lors de son entraînement en rotation par un moteur électrique contenu dans l'enveloppe, l'arbre d'entraînement entraîne la volute mobile 6 suivant un mouvement orbital par rapport à la volute fixe 3.The compressor comprises a drive shaft (not shown in the figures) whose upper end is engaged in a sleeve-shaped part 11, which comprises the mobile volute 6. During its driving in rotation by an electric motor contained in the casing, the drive shaft drives the mobile volute 6 in an orbital motion relative to the fixed volute 3.
Les première et seconde spirales 5, 8 sont engagées l'une dans l'autre et délimitent des chambres de compression de volume variable.The first and second spirals 5, 8 are engaged one inside the other and delimit compression chambers of variable volume.
La spirale 8 de la volute mobile 6 comprend une surélévation 12 s'étendant sur environ 360° à partir de son l'extrémité extérieure. Ainsi, la spirale 8 de la volute mobile 6 comprend une première portion s'étendant de l'extrémité intérieure de la spirale jusqu'à une portion de transition T, et une seconde portion comportant la surélévation 12 et s'étendant de la portion de transition T jusq u'à l 'extrém ité extérieu re de la spirale 8. Comme plus particulièrement montré sur la figure 3, la seconde portion présente une hauteur h1 supérieure à la hauteur h2 de la première portion.The spiral 8 of the movable scroll 6 includes a raised portion 12 extending about 360 ° from its outer end. Thus, the spiral 8 of the mobile volute 6 comprises a first portion extending from the inner end of the spiral to a transition portion T, and a second portion having the elevation 12 and extending from the transition portion T to the outer end of the spiral 8. As more particularly shown in Figure 3, the second portion has a height h1 greater than the height h2 of the first portion.
La portion de transition T est délimitée par une surface convexe semi-circulaire.The transition portion T is delimited by a semicircular convex surface.
Comme montré sur les figures 1 et 5, la volute fixe 3 comprend un évidement 13 ménagé sur la face du plateau 4 tournée vers la volute mobile 6 et agencé pour recevoir la surélévation 12 de la spirale 8 de la volute mobile 6. L'évidement 13 s'étend su r environ 360° et présente une profondeur correspondant à la hauteur de la surélévation 12, c'est-à-dire une hauteur égale à la différence entre les hauteurs h 1 et h2 des première et seconde portions de la spirale 8. L'extrémité intérieure de l'évidement 1 3 est délimitée par une surface concave semi-circulaire 14. La surface convexe délimitant la portion de transition T est agencée pour coopérer avec la surface concave 14 délimitant l'extrémité intérieure de l'évidement 13.As shown in Figures 1 and 5, the fixed volute 3 comprises a recess 13 formed on the face of the plate 4 facing the mobile volute 6 and arranged to receive the elevation 12 of the spiral 8 of the movable volute 6. The recess 13 extends about 360 ° and has a depth corresponding to the height of the elevation 12, that is to say a height equal to the difference between the heights h 1 and h 2 of the first and second portions of the spiral 8. The inner end of the recess 1 3 is delimited by a semicircular concave surface 14. The convex surface delimiting the transition portion T is arranged to cooperate with the concave surface 14 delimiting the inner end of the recess 13.
Comme montré notamment sur les figures 6 et 7, la volute fixe 3 comprend un canal traversant 15 ménagé dans son plateau 4. Les extrémités du canal traversant 15 débouchent respectivement de part et d'autre des parois extérieure et intérieure de la spirale 5 de la volute fixe 3. Le canal traversant 15 est situé en regard de la paroi intérieure de la seconde portion de la spirale 8 comprenant la surélévation 12. Comme montré sur la figure 7, le canal traversant 15 comprend une première portion 16 débouchant du côté de la paroi extérieure de la spirale 5 de la volute fixe 3 et une seconde portion 17 débouchant du côté de la paroi intérieure de la spirale 5 de la volute fixe 3. Les première et seconde portions 16, 17 s'étendent parallèlement à l'axe du compresseur et sont reliées l'une à l'autre par une troisième portion 18 s'étendant perpendiculairement à l'axe du compresseur.As shown in particular in Figures 6 and 7, the fixed scroll 3 comprises a through channel 15 formed in its plate 4. The ends of the through channel 15 open respectively on both sides of the outer and inner walls of the spiral 5 of the fixed scroll 3. The through channel 15 is located facing the inner wall of the second portion of the spiral 8 comprising the elevation 12. As shown in Figure 7, the through channel 15 comprises a first portion 16 opening on the side of the outer wall of the spiral 5 of the fixed volute 3 and a second portion 17 opening on the side of the inner wall of the spiral 5 of the fixed volute 3. The first and second portions 16, 17 extend parallel to the axis of the compressor and are connected to each other by a third portion 18 extending perpendicular to the axis of the compressor.
Comme montré plus particulièrement sur la figure 6, les première et seconde portions 16, 17 du canal traversant 15 sont décalées angulairement l'une par rapport à l'autre. En effet, l'extrémité amont du canal traversant 15, c'est-à-dire l'extrémité de la première portion 16 débouchant du côté de la paroi extérieure de la spirale 5, est située dans la zone d e l'extrémité intérieure de la surélévation 12, tandis que l'extrémité aval du canal traversant 15, c'est-à-dire l'extrémité de la seconde portion 17 débouchant du côté de la paroi intérieure de la spirale 5, est située en retrait de l'extrémité amont de ce dernier par rapport à la surface concave 14.As shown more particularly in Figure 6, the first and second portions 16, 17 of the through channel 15 are angularly offset relative to each other. Indeed, the upstream end of the through channel 15, that is to say the end of the first portion 16 opening on the side of the outer wall of the spiral 5, is located in the area of the inner end of the elevation 12, while the downstream end of the through channel 15, that is to say the end of the second portion 17 opening on the side of the inner wall of the spiral 5 is set back from the upstream end of the latter with respect to the concave surface 14.
Comme montré sur la figure 7, le canal traversant 15 comprend un clapet anti-retour 19 monté dans la troisième portion 18 et agencé pour permettre un passage de fluide uniquement de l'extrémité amont du canal traversant 15 vers l'extrémité aval de ce dernier. Le clapet anti-retour est mobile en translation entre une première position fermée (représentée sur la figure 7) dans laquelle il prend appui contre l'ouverture de la première portion 16 débouchant dans la troisième portion 18, et une seconde position ouverte (représentée sur la figure 10) dans laquelle il est éloigné de l'ouverture de la première portion 16 débouchant dans la troisième portion 18 et permet un écoulement de fluide de la première portion 16 vers la seconde portion 17.As shown in FIG. 7, the through channel 15 comprises a nonreturn valve 19 mounted in the third portion 18 and arranged to allow a fluid passage only from the upstream end of the through channel 15 to the downstream end thereof. . The non-return valve is movable in translation between a first closed position (shown in FIG. 7) in which it bears against the opening of the first portion 16 opening into the third portion 18, and a second open position (shown in FIG. FIG. 10) in which it is remote from the opening of the first portion 16 opening into the third portion 18 and allows fluid flow from the first portion 16 to the second portion 17.
La volute fixe 3 comprend un couvercle 21 agencé pour obturer de manière étanche la troisième portion 18 du canal traversant 15.The fixed volute 3 comprises a cover 21 arranged to seal the third portion 18 of the through channel 15.
Le fonctionnement du compresseur frigorifique à spirales va maintenant être décrit en référence aux figures 6 à 11.The operation of the scroll compressor will now be described with reference to Figures 6 to 11.
La figure 6 montre une position des volutes fixe 3 et mobile 6 dans laquelle les deux chambres de compression extérieures 22, 23 délimitées extérieurement respectivement par la paroi intérieure de la spirale 8 de la volute mobile 6 et par la paroi intérieure de la spirale 5 de la volute fixe 3 présentent chacune une surface maximale vue de dessus. Cette position des volutes fixe 3 et mobile 6 correspond à la position dite de « prise de cylindrée », c'est-à-dire d'admission du gaz dans les chambres de compression.FIG. 6 shows a position of the fixed and mobile scrolls 6 in which the two external compression chambers 22, 23 delimited externally respectively by the inner wall of the spiral 8 of the mobile scroll 6 and by the inner wall of the spiral 5 of the fixed volute 3 each have a maximum surface seen from above. This position of the fixed scroll 3 and mobile 6 corresponds to the so-called position of "cylinder capacity", that is to say of admission of the gas into the compression chambers.
Dans cette position des volutes fixe 3 et mobile 6, la chambre de compression 23 délimitée extérieurement par la spirale 5 de la volute fixe 3 présente un volume inférieur à celui de la chambre de compression 22 délimitée extérieurement par la spirale 8 de la volute mobile 6, puisque cette dernière est délimitée essentiellement par la seconde portion de la spirale mobile comprenant la surélévation 12 et par l'évidement 13. Il en résulte une dissymétrie de pression entre les deux chambres de compression 22, 23. Dans cette position des volutes fixe 3 et mobile 6, la surface convexe délimitant la portion de transition T est en contact avec la surface concave 14 délimitant l'extrémité intérieure de l'évidement 13. De ce fait, les deux chambres de compression extérieures 22, 23 ne peuvent pas communiquer entre elles au niveau de la portion de transition T.In this position of the fixed and mobile scrolls 6, the compression chamber 23 delimited externally by the spiral 5 of the fixed scroll 3 has a smaller volume than that of the compression chamber 22 defined externally by the spiral 8 of the moving scroll 6 , since the latter is delimited essentially by the second portion of the mobile spiral comprising the elevation 12 and the recess 13. This results in a pressure asymmetry between the two compression chambers 22, 23. In this position of the fixed and mobile scrolls 6, the convex surface delimiting the transition portion T is in contact with the concave surface 14 delimiting the inner end of the recess 13. As a result, the two outer compression chambers 22 , 23 can not communicate with each other at the transition portion T.
De même, lorsque les volutes fixe 3 et mobile 6 sont dans la position représentée sur la figure 6, les deux chambres de compression extérieures 22, 23 ne peuvent pas communiquer entre elles au niveau du canal traversant 15 puisque ce dernier ne débouche pas dans la chambre de compression 22.Similarly, when the fixed 3 and mobile 6 scrolls are in the position shown in Figure 6, the two outer compression chambers 22, 23 can not communicate with each other at the channel through 15 since it does not lead into the compression chamber 22.
Il doit être noté que la chambre de compression intérieure 24 présente une pression supérieure à celle de la chambre de compression extérieure 22. Cette différence de pression provoque un déplacement du clapet anti-retour 19 dans la position montrée sur la figure 7, et donc une obturation du canal traversant 15 qui empêche une mise en communication des deux chambres de compression 23, 24.It should be noted that the inner compression chamber 24 has a higher pressure than the outer compression chamber 22. This pressure difference causes the non-return valve 19 to move in the position shown in FIG. closing of the through channel 15 which prevents communication between the two compression chambers 23, 24.
La présence du clapet anti-retour 19 dans le canal traversant 15 permet donc d'éviter un écoulement de gaz frigorigène pressurisé de la chambre de compression intérieure 24 vers la chambre de compression extérieure 23.The presence of the nonreturn valve 19 in the through channel 15 thus makes it possible to avoid a flow of pressurized refrigerant gas from the inner compression chamber 24 to the external compression chamber 23.
Dès que la volute mobile 6 se déplace à partir de la position représentée sur la figure 6, la surface convexe délimitant la portion de transition T s'écarte de la surface concave 14 délimitant l'extrémité intérieure de l'évidement 13. De ce fait, les deux chambres de compression extérieures 22, 23 communiquent entre elles par l'espace E entre les surfaces semi- circulaires délimitant respectivement la portion de transition T et l'extrémité intérieure de l'évidement 13.As soon as the moving volute 6 moves from the position shown in FIG. 6, the convex surface delimiting the transition portion T deviates from the concave surface 14 delimiting the inner end of the recess 13. the two outer compression chambers 22, 23 communicate with each other through the space E between the semicircular surfaces delimiting respectively the transition portion T and the inner end of the recess 13.
Cette communication entre les deux chambres de compression permet d'équilibrer les pressions de part et d'autre de celles-ci, et donc de compenser la d issymétrie de pression entre ces deux chambres de compression 22, 23.This communication between the two compression chambers makes it possible to balance the pressures on either side of these, and thus to compensate for the pressure asymmetry between these two compression chambers 22, 23.
Il doit être précisé que la surface convexe délimitant la portion de transition T reste écartée de la surface concave 14 délimitant l'extrémité intérieure de l'évidement 13 pendant un demi-tour de la volute mobile 6 à partir de la position représentée sur la figure 6. De ce fait, l'équilibre de pression de part et d'autre des chambres de compression 22, 23 est assuré pendant un demi-tour de la volute mobile 6 à partir de la position représentée sur la figure 6 par l'intermédiaire de l'espace E ménagé entre les surfaces semi-circulaires délimitant respectivement la portion de transition T et l'extrémité intérieure de l'évidement 13.It should be specified that the convex surface delimiting the transition portion T remains spaced from the concave surface 14 delimiting the inner end of the recess 13 during a half-turn of the mobile volute 6 from the position shown in FIG. 6. As a result, the pressure equilibrium on either side of the compression chambers 22, 23 is ensured during a half-turn of the mobile volute 6 from the position shown in FIG. space E formed between the semicircular surfaces defining respectively the transition portion T and the inner end of the recess 13.
Cet espace E est plus particulièrement montré sur la figure 8 qui représente la position des volutes fixe 3 et mobile 6 lorsque la volute mobile 6 a effectué un quart de tour à partir de la position représentée sur la figure 6.This space E is more particularly shown in FIG. 8 which represents the position of the fixed and movable scrolls 3 and 6 when the moving volute 6 has made a quarter turn from the position shown in FIG.
Il doit être noté que le clapet anti-retour 19 est maintenu dans la position fermée montrée à la figure 7 pendant le premier demi-tour de la volute mobile 6 à partir de la position montrée sur la figure 6.It should be noted that the check valve 19 is held in the closed position shown in FIG. 7 during the first half-turn of the movable scroll 6 from the position shown in FIG.
Les volutes fixe 3 et mobile 6 se trouvent dans la position représentée sur la figure 9, lorsque la volute mobile 6 a effectué un demi-tour complet à partir de la position représentée sur la figure 6. Dans cette position des volutes fixe 3 et mobile 6, la surface convexe délimitant la portion de transition T est en contact avec la surface concave 14 délimitant l'extrémité intérieure de l'évidement 13. De ce fait, les deux chambres de compression 22, 23 ne communiquent plus entre elles au niveau de la portion de transition T. Dans cette position des volutes fixe 3 et mobile 6, la chambre de compression 23 délimitée extérieurement par la spirale 5 de la volute fixe 3 présente un volume inférieur à celui de la chambre de compression 22 délimitée extérieurement par la spirale 8 de la volute mobile 6, puisque cette dernière est délimitée en partie par la seconde portion de la spirale 8 de la volute mobile 6 comprenant la surélévation 12 et par l'évidement 13.The fixed and movable volutes 6 and 6 are in the position shown in FIG. 9, when the mobile volute 6 has made a complete half-turn from the position shown in FIG. 6. In this position of the fixed and mobile scrolls 3 6, the convex surface delimiting the transition portion T is in contact with the concave surface 14 delimiting the inner end of the recess 13. As a result, the two compression chambers 22, 23 no longer communicate with each other at the the transition portion T. In this position of the fixed scroll 3 and mobile 6, the compression chamber 23 externally bounded by the spiral 5 of the fixed scroll 3 has a smaller volume than that of the compression chamber 22 bounded externally by the spiral 8 of the mobile volute 6, since the latter is delimited in part by the second portion of the spiral 8 of the movable volute 6 comprising the elevation 12 and the recess 13.
Cette différence de pression provoque un déplacement du clapet anti-retour 19 dans la position ouverte montrée sur la figure 10, et donc une mise en communication des chambres de compression 22, 23 par le canal traversant 15. Cette communication entre les deux chambres de compression 22 et 23 permet un écoulement de gaz frigorigène pressurisé de la chambre de compression 22 vers la chambre de compression 23, et donc un équilibrage des pressions de part et d'autre de celles-ci.This pressure difference causes the non-return valve 19 to move in the open position shown in FIG. 10, and thus to put the compression chambers 22, 23 in communication via the through channel 15. This communication between the two compression chambers 22 and 23 allows a flow of pressurized refrigerant gas from the compression chamber 22 to the compression chamber 23, and therefore a pressure equalization on either side thereof.
Les volutes fixe 3 et mobile 6 se trouvent dans la position représentée sur la figure 11 , lorsque la volute mobile 6 a effectué trois quarts de tour à partir de la position représentée sur la figure 6. Dans cette position de la volute mobile 6, le clapet anti-retour 19 est toujours dans la position ouverte. I l d o it être précisé que le canal traversant 15 débouche respectivement dans les chambres de compression 22, 23 pendant un demi- tour de la volute mobile 6 à partir de la position représentée sur la figure 9.The fixed scroll 3 and mobile 6 are in the position shown in Figure 11, when the moving volute 6 has made three quarters from the position shown in Figure 6. In this position of the movable volute 6, the non-return valve 19 is always in the open position. It should be pointed out that the through channel 15 opens respectively into the compression chambers 22, 23 during a half turn of the mobile volute 6 from the position shown in FIG. 9.
De ce fait, l'équilibre de pression de part et d'autre des chambres de compression 22, 23 est assuré pendant un demi-tour de la volute mobile 6 à partir de la position représentée sur la figure 9 par l'intermédiaire du canal traversant 15. Ensuite, la volute mobile 6 reprend sa position montrée sur la figure 6, car la volute mobile a effectué un tour complet.As a result, the pressure equilibrium on either side of the compression chambers 22, 23 is ensured during a half-turn of the mobile volute 6 from the position shown in FIG. 9 via the channel 15. Then, the moving volute 6 resumes its position shown in Figure 6, because the moving volute has performed a complete revolution.
Par conséquent, les deux chambres de compression 22, 23 communiquent sensiblement constamment entre elles (sauf lorsqu'elles se trouvent dans la position de « prise de cylindrée »), ce qui permet d'assurer une compensation de la dissymétrie de pression des chambres quelle que soit la position de la volute mobile 6.Consequently, the two compression chambers 22, 23 communicate substantially constantly with each other (except when they are in the position of "displacement of displacement"), which makes it possible to ensure a compensation of the asymmetry of pressure of the chambers which whatever the position of the mobile volute 6.
Les figures 14 à 17 représentent un compresseur frigorifique à spirale selon une seconde forme d'exécution de l'invention qui diffère de celui représenté sur les figures 1 à 11 essentiellement en ce que le canal traversant 15' est ménagé dans le plateau 7 de la volute mobile 6, et en ce qu'il est disposé en regard de la portion de cette dernière ne comportant pas la surélévation 12.FIGS. 14 to 17 show a scroll compressor according to a second embodiment of the invention which differs from that shown in FIGS. 1 to 11 essentially in that the through channel 15 'is formed in the plate 7 of the mobile volute 6, and in that it is arranged opposite the portion of the latter not having the elevation 12.
Comme montré sur la figure 13, le canal traversant 15' comprend une première portion 31 débouchant du côté de la paroi extérieure de la spirale 8 de la volute mobile 6 et une seconde portion 32 débouchant du côté de la paroi intérieure de la spirale 8 de la volute mobile 6. Les première et seconde portions 31 , 32 s'étendent parallèlement à l'axe du compresseur et sont reliées l'une à l'autre par une troisième portion 33 s'étendant perpendiculairement à l'axe du compresseur. Comme montré plus particulièrement sur la figure 12, les première et seconde portions 31 , 32 d u canal traversant 15' sont décalées angulairement l'une par rapport à l'autre.As shown in Figure 13, the through channel 15 'comprises a first portion 31 opening on the side of the outer wall of the spiral 8 of the movable scroll 6 and a second portion 32 opening on the side of the inner wall of the spiral 8 of the movable volute 6. The first and second portions 31, 32 extend parallel to the axis of the compressor and are connected to each other by a third portion 33 extending perpendicular to the axis of the compressor. As shown more particularly in FIG. 12, the first and second portions 31, 32 of a through channel 15 'are angularly offset relative to one another.
L'extrémité amont du canal traversant 15', c'est-à-dire l'extrémité de la première portion 31 débouchant du côté de la paroi extérieure de la spirale 8 de la volute mobile 6, est sensiblement diamétralement opposée à la portion de transition T, tandis que l'extrémité aval du canal traversant 15', c'est- à-dire l'extrémité de la seconde portion 32 débouchant du côté de la paroi intérieure de la spirale 8, est située en retrait de l'extrémité amont de ce dernier par rapport à l'extrémité intérieure de la surélévation 12.The upstream end of the through channel 15 ', that is to say the end of the first portion 31 opening on the side of the outer wall of the spiral 8 of the mobile volute 6, is substantially diametrically opposed to the portion of transition T, while the downstream end of the through channel 15 ', that is, that is to say the end of the second portion 32 opening on the side of the inner wall of the spiral 8, is set back from the upstream end of the latter with respect to the inner end of the elevation 12.
Le canal traversant 15' ménagé dans la volute mobile 6 comprend un clapet anti-retour 19' monté dans la troisième portion agencé pour permettre un passage de fluide uniquement de l'extrémité amont du canal traversant 15' vers l'extrémité aval de ce dernier.The through channel 15 'formed in the moving volute 6 comprises a nonreturn valve 19' mounted in the third portion arranged to allow fluid passage only from the upstream end of the through channel 15 'to the downstream end thereof .
Comme montré sur la figure 13, le canal traversant 15' comprend un clapet anti-retour 19' monté dans la première portion 31 et agencé pour permettre un passage de fluide uniquement de l'extrémité amont du canal traversant 15' vers l'extrémité aval de ce dernier.As shown in FIG. 13, the through-channel 15 'comprises a non-return valve 19' mounted in the first portion 31 and arranged to allow fluid passage only from the upstream end of the through-channel 15 'to the downstream end. of the last.
Le clapet anti-retour 19' est mobile en translation entre une première position (représentée sur la figure 13) dans laquelle il obture la première portion 31 , et une seconde position (représentée sur la figure 16) dans laquelle il est permet un écoulement de fluide de la première portion 31 vers la seconde portion 32.The nonreturn valve 19 'is movable in translation between a first position (shown in FIG. 13) in which it closes the first portion 31, and a second position (shown in FIG. 16) in which it is allows a flow of fluid from the first portion 31 to the second portion 32.
Le clapet anti-retour 19' est soumis à l'action d'un ressort de compression 34 qui tend à maintenir le clapet anti-retour dans la position fermée représentée sur la figure 13. Le fonctionnement du compresseur selon la seconde forme d'exécution de l'invention est sensiblement identique à celui du compresseur représenté sur les figures 1 à 11 , et ne sera par conséquent pas décrit.The check valve 19 'is subjected to the action of a compression spring 34 which tends to maintain the non-return valve in the closed position shown in FIG. 13. The operation of the compressor according to the second embodiment of the invention is substantially identical to that of the compressor shown in Figures 1 to 11, and therefore will not be described.
Comme il va de soi, l'invention ne se limite pas aux seules formes d'exécution de ce compresseur frigorifique à spirales, décrites ci-dessus à titre d'exemples, elle en embrasse au contraire toutes les variantes de réalisation.As goes without saying, the invention is not limited to the embodiments of this scroll compressor, described above as examples, it encompasses all variants.
C'est ainsi notamment que les volutes fixe 3 et mobile 6 pourraient chacune comporter un ou plusieurs canaux traversant comportant chacun un clapet antiretour. De plus, chaque clapet anti-retour utilisé pour contrôler le débit dans les canaux 15 et 115 pourrait comporter un élément élastique pour faciliter sa refermeture. Thus, in particular, the fixed and movable volutes 3 and 6 could each have one or more through-channels each having a non-return valve. In addition, each non-return valve used to control the flow in the channels 15 and 115 could include an elastic member to facilitate its reclosing.

Claims

REVENDICATIONS
1. Compresseur frigorifique à spirales, comprenant une volute fixe (3) et une volute mobile (6), la volute mobile décrivant un mouvement orbital par rapport à la volute fixe, les volutes fixe et mobile (3, 6) étant chacune équipées d'une spirale (5, 8), les deux spirales étant engagées l'une dans l'autre et délimitant des chambres de compression (22, 23) de volume variable, seule la spirale (8) de la volute mobile comprenant une surélévation (12) s'étendant sur au moins une portion de sa longueur, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins l'une des volutes (3, 6) comprend au moins un canal (15, 15') agencé pour mettre en communication, au cours du mouvement orbital de la volute mobile, deux chambres de compression (22, 23) disposées de manière symétrique par rapport au centre du mouvement orbital de la volute mobile, les extrémités du canal (15, 15') débouchant respectivement de part et d'autre des parois extérieure et intérieure de la spirale de la volute comprenant le canal ou dans les parois extérieure et intérieure de la spirale de la volute comprenant le canal, et en ce que le canal (15, 15') comprend un clapet anti-retour (19, 19') agencé pour permettre un passage de fluide uniquement de la paroi extérieure de la spirale de la volute comprenant le canal vers la paroi intérieure de celle- ci.1. A scroll compressor comprising a fixed scroll (3) and a moving scroll (6), the moving scroll describing an orbital movement relative to the fixed scroll, the scrolls fixed and movable (3, 6) being each equipped with a spiral (5, 8), the two spirals being engaged one inside the other and delimiting compression chambers (22, 23) of variable volume, only the spiral (8) of the mobile volute comprising an elevation ( 12) extending over at least a portion of its length, characterized in that at least one of the volutes (3, 6) comprises at least one channel (15, 15 ') arranged to put in communication, during of the orbital motion of the mobile scroll, two compression chambers (22, 23) arranged symmetrically with respect to the center of the orbital motion of the moving scroll, the ends of the channel (15, 15 ') opening respectively from and to other of the outer and inner walls of the spiral of the volute including the cana 1 or in the outer and inner walls of the spiral of the volute comprising the channel, and in that the channel (15, 15 ') comprises a non-return valve (19, 19') arranged to allow fluid passage only. the outer wall of the spiral of the volute comprising the channel to the inner wall thereof.
2. Compresseur selon la revend ication 1 , dans leq uel les extrémités du canal (15, 15') sont décalées angulairement l'une par rapport à l'autre par rapport au centre du mouvement orbital de la volute mobile (6), d'un angle de préférence inférieur ou égal à 160°, avantageusement inférieur à 120°, et préférentiellement d'environ 60°.2. Compressor according to claim 1, in which the ends of the channel (15, 15 ') are angularly offset relative to each other with respect to the center of the orbital motion of the moving volute (6), an angle preferably less than or equal to 160 °, advantageously less than 120 °, and preferably about 60 °.
3. Compresseur selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel la volute fixe (3) comprend au moins un canal (15) disposé en regard de la portion de la spirale (8) de la volute mobile (6) comprenant la surélévation (12) à une position angulaire par rapport au centre du mouvement orbital de la volute mobile (6) située entre la position angulaire de l'extrémité intérieure de la surélévation (12), et un point diamétralement opposé à celle-ci. 3. Compressor according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the fixed volute (3) comprises at least one channel (15) disposed opposite the portion of the spiral (8) of the movable scroll (6) comprising the elevation (12). ) at an angular position relative to the center of the orbital motion of the movable scroll (6) between the angular position of the inner end of the raised portion (12), and a point diametrically opposite thereto.
4. Compresseur selon la revendication 3, dans lequel l'extrémité du canal (15) débouchant dans ou du côté de la paroi intérieure de la spirale (5) de la volute fixe (3) est située en retrait de l'extrémité du canal débouchant dans ou du côté de la paroi extérieure de la spirale (5) de la volute fixe (3) par rapport à l'extrémité intérieure de la surélévation (12).4. The compressor of claim 3, wherein the end of the channel (15) opening into or on the side of the inner wall of the spiral (5) of the fixed scroll (3) is set back from the end of the channel. opening in or on the side of the outer wall of the spiral (5) of the fixed scroll (3) relative to the inner end of the elevation (12).
5. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 4 dans lequel la surélévation (12) s'étend à partir de l'extrémité extérieure de la spirale (8) de la volute mobile (6).5. Compressor according to one of claims 1 to 4 wherein the elevation (12) extends from the outer end of the spiral (8) of the movable scroll (6).
6. Compresseur selon la revendication 5, d a n s l eq u el l a surélévation (12) s'étend sur au moins 180° à partir de l'extrémité extérieure de la spirale (8) de la volute mobile (6).6. The compressor according to claim 5, wherein the elevation (12) extends over at least 180 ° from the outer end of the spiral (8) of the movable scroll (6).
7. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 6, dans lequel la volute mobile (6) comprend au moins un canal (15') disposé en regard de sa portion ne comportant pas la surélévation (12) à une position angulaire par rapport au centre du mouvement orbital de la volute mobile située entre la position angulaire de l'extrémité intérieure de la surélévation (12), et un point diamétralement opposé à celle-ci.7. Compressor according to one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the movable scroll (6) comprises at least one channel (15 ') disposed opposite its portion not having the elevation (12) at an angular position relative to in the center of the orbital motion of the movable volute located between the angular position of the inner end of the elevation (12), and a point diametrically opposite thereto.
8. Compresseur selon la revendication 7, dans lequel l'extrémité du canal (15') débouchant dans ou du côté de la paroi intérieure de la spirale (8) de la volute mobile (6) est située en retrait de l'extrémité du canal débouchant dans ou du côté de la paroi extérieure de la spirale (8) de la volute mobile (6) par rapport à l'extrémité intérieure de la surélévation (12).8. The compressor of claim 7, wherein the end of the channel (15 ') opening into or on the side of the inner wall of the spiral (8) of the movable scroll (6) is set back from the end of the channel opening into or on the side of the outer wall of the spiral (8) of the movable scroll (6) relative to the inner end of the elevation (12).
9. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 8, dans lequel les volutes fixe et mobile (3, 6) comprennent chacune plusieurs canaux décalés angulairement, chaque canal comprenant un clapet anti-retour.9. Compressor according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the fixed and movable scrolls (3, 6) each comprise a plurality of angularly offset channels, each channel comprising a non-return valve.
10. Compresseur selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9, dans lequel la volute fixe (3) comprend un évidement (13) agencé pour recevoir la surélévation (12) de la spirale (8) de la volute mobile (6). 10. Compressor according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the fixed scroll (3) comprises a recess (13) arranged to receive the elevation (12) of the spiral (8) of the movable scroll (6).
PCT/FR2009/050261 2008-02-19 2009-02-18 Spiral cooling compressor WO2009103930A2 (en)

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FR0800874A FR2927672B1 (en) 2008-02-19 2008-02-19 SPIRAL REFRIGERATING COMPRESSOR

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JP6444786B2 (en) * 2015-03-20 2018-12-26 三菱重工サーマルシステムズ株式会社 Scroll compressor
JP6325035B2 (en) * 2016-08-19 2018-05-16 三菱重工サーマルシステムズ株式会社 Scroll fluid machinery
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US20090208356A1 (en) 2009-08-20
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US8075290B2 (en) 2011-12-13
FR2927672A1 (en) 2009-08-21
FR2927672B1 (en) 2012-04-13

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